5.7 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.2 pH 5.1 5.8

5.1 5.1.3 5.1.2 *5.1.1 ()

5.1.2 H+ H+

HAcAc AcHAc HAcAc

(1)(2)(2)(1)(1)(2)(2)(1)

NaAc(1)(2)(2)(1)NH4Cl(1)(2)(2)(1)

NH4Cl

5.1.3 H2OHAcHCN HCl > HAc >HCN

HClO4HClHNO3HIHClO4HClH2SO4HNO3

5.2 pH5.2.2 pH5.2.1

5.2.1 25c(H+)= c(OH)=1.010-7molL-1100

5.2.2 pH

5.3 5.3.3 5.3.2 5.3.1

1.5.3.1

/(molL-1) 0.10 0 0/(molL-1) 0.10x x xx=1.3103250.10 molL-1 HAcH3O+, Ac, HAc,OHpH

(a)c(H3O+) = c(Ac) = 1.3103 molL-1 c(HAc)=(0.10-1.3103)molL-10.10molL-1c(OH) =7.71012 molL-1

/(molL-1) c c c c/(molL-1) c 0 0

c0 /(molL-1) 0.200 0 02. 25 0.200molL-1 0.95%c(OH), pHceq 0.200(1 0.95%) 0.2000.95% 0.2000.95%/(molL-1)

5.3.2

x + y + z x x y x

c()c() {c (H3O+)}2

5.3.3 1.(1) + (2) = (3)

ceq /(molL-1) 0.10-x x xx=7.510-6x(H3O+)=7.510-6 molL-1 pH=5.12

2. NaAc , NaCNNaAc

Na3PO4

0.10molL-1Na3PO4pHceq/ (molL-1 ) 0.10 x x x

3. NaH2PO4,Na2HPO4,

*4.

5. c ,

5.4 * 5.4.4 5.4.3 pH 5.4.2 5.4.1

5.4.1

0.10 molL-1 HAc NH4Ac (s) NH4Ac 0.10 molL-1 pH HAcx = 1.810-5 c(H+) = 1.810-5 molL-1 0.10 x 0.100.10 molL-1 HAcpH = 2.89 = 1.3%ceq / (molL-1) 0.10 x x 0.10 + xc0/ (molL-1) 0.10 0 0.10 pH = 4.74 = 0.018%

5.4.2 50mLHAcNaAc [c(HAc)=c(NaAc)=0.10molL-1] pH = 4.74 pH(pH)1(0.05mL) 1molL-1 HCl1(0.05mL) 1molL-1 NaOH50mLpH = 7 pH = 3 pH = 11 pH = 4.73 pH = 4.75

5.4.3 pH c0(HA) ,c0(A)c(HA) ,c(A) HAcNaAcH2CO3NaHCO3

2. NH3 H2O NH4Cl

3. NaHCO3Na2CO3 , NaH2PO4Na2HPO4

c(HA) c(B) c(A)c(BH+) ,

300mL 0.50molL-1 H3PO4 500mL 0. 50molL-1 NaOHpH

50.00mL 0.150molL-1 NH3 (aq) 0.200 molL-1 NH4Cl0.100ml 1.00 molL-1HClHClpH HCl 4.

HCl HCl/(molL-1)0.1500.0020x 0.200+0.0020+x x0.150 0.200HCl/(molL-1)0.1500.0020 0.200+0.0020/(molL-1)

* 5.4.4 H+ OH

pH

2.0L0.10molL-1 Na3PO4 2.0L 0.10molL-1NaH2PO4 pH=12.50 Na2HPO4 Na3PO4 n/mol 20.10 0.10x 0 n/mol 0.20 0.10x 0 0.20x

x = 0.12

2.12L(2L Na3PO4 + 0.12L NaH2PO4)

5.5 3.1 ~ 4.4 8.0 ~ 10.0 3.0 ~ 8.0

Lewis Fe3+ , Fe, Ag+, BF3Lewis X, :NH3, :CO, H2O: LewisLewis 5.6

5.7 5.7.1 5.7.2 5.7.3

5.7.1 1. Lewis[Ag(NH3)2]+LewisAg+NH3 Lewis()Lewis

Cu2+Ag+Fe3+FeNiBP FClBrIOHCNH2ONH3CO en

EDTAY4

Cu2+4

K3[ Fe ( C N ) 6 ]

5.7.2

K[PtCl3NH3]() [Co(NH3)5H2O]Cl3() [PtNH2NO2(NH3)2]() K[PtCl3(C2H4)]()

()()()()()()()()()()()

[Cu(en)2]2+ CaY2 [(H2O)4Fe(OH)2Fe(H2O)4]4+COFe(CO)5Ni(CO)4 [PdCl3(C2H4)] (NH4)3[P(Mo3O10)]6H2O5.7.3

5.8 5.8.1 *5.8.3 *5.8.2

5.8.1 ()

()

*5.8.2 1. [Fe(NCS)]2+NaF

0.020molL-1 ScCl30.020molL-1EDTA(Na2H2Y),ScYpHpH

=5.1106

2.

*5.8.3