PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI · P rodi Manajem en Uni ver sit as Sanata Dh arma te mpat saya me nim ba ilmu PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI. v UNUVERSIT AS S

PADAHRET AJREK NASAUPEK HURAGNEP

HADNIPREB NANIGNIEK

GNALAMEP AIRAM ATNAS MUMU TIKAS HAMUR ID

ISPIRKS

nakujaiD tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu imonokE anajraS raleG helorepmeM

argorP m nemejanaM idutS

o nususiD : hel

nakuT alegnA

: MIN 120412280

NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP NEMEJANAM NASURUJ

IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i


HADNIPREB NANIGNIEK


ISPIRKS

nakujaiD tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu imonokE anajraS raleG helorepmeM

argorP m nemejanaM idutS

o nususiD : hel

nakuT alegnA

: MIN 120412280

NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP NEMEJANAM NASURUJ

IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102


ii


iii


vi

ottoM

“ adapek kiab taubreb naupmamek iaynupmem uak akiJ kalonem halnagnaj umnakiabek nakulremem gnay gnaro umamases huruynem halnagnaJ .uti lah nakukalem kutnu

ni taas adap ualak ,koseb iapmas uggnunem uakgne aguj iayngnolonem tapad ”

72:3 lasmA( - )82

k halpukuC“ ainurak hisa - uK urtsuj babes ,umigab”anrupmes idajnem uKasauk halnahamelek malad

)9 : 21 ,roK 2(

“ atniC takimem nahuT , tauk kat uka kaloneM ”

)siluneP(

adapek nakhabmesrepid ini ispirkS :

suduK itaH adnuB nad suseY suduK itaH gnibmibmem asaitnes gnay nad

iatreynem pudih nanalajrep , uknasuturep nad naliggnap ,

araP S isagergnoK retsu irtuP H adnuB ,aisenodnI isnivorP suduK ita

nasereD satinumoK retsusnoK – ,aynnagnukud nad aod sata atrakaygoY

K ,ayas gnukudnem nad nakaodnem asaitnanes gnay atnicret ukagraule

satisrevinU nemejanaM idorP S tapmet amrahD atana ayas umli abminem


v

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVUNU IMONOKE SATLUKAF

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ - NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

NREP Y AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATA SILUT

awhab nakataynem ini nagned ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnay ayaS s ispirk: luduj nagned

PADAHRET AJREK NASAUPEK HURAGNEP HADNIPREB NANIGNIEK GNALAMEP AIRAM ATNAS MUMU TIKAS HAMUR ID

d laggnat adap ijuid kutnu nakujaid na 3102 iraunaJ 52 ah halada .ayas ayrak lis

ispirks malad awhab nakataynem aguj ayaS ini t uata nahurulesek tapadret kadi urinem uata ,nilaynem arac nagned libma ayas gnay nial gnaro nasilut naigabes uata nasagag nakkujnunem gnay lobmis uata tamilak naiakgnar kutneb malad

tapadnep haloes uka ayas gnay nial silunep irad narikimep uata - iagabes halo gnay nasilut nahurulesek uata naigab tapadret kadit uata nad ,iridnes ayas nasilut nakirebmem apnat nial gnaro nasilut irad libma ayas uata ,urit ayas ,nilas ayas

alad naktubesid( naukagnep .aynilsa silunep adap )isnerefer m

,tubesret nakadnit nakukalem ataynret ayas awhab itkubret irah naidumekid aliBaleg nad nakrugugid ini ispirks utiay ,iskas amirenem aidesreb ayas akam r

d iauses sesorpid atres naklatabid )E.S( helorep ayas gnay kimedaka naruta nagnegnadnurep - )07 lasap nad 52 lasap ,3002 nuhaT 02 oN UU( ukalreb gnay nagnadnu

atrakaygoY , iraunaJ 13 3102 ,naataynrep taubmem gnaY nakuT alegnA 120412280 :MIN


iv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

: amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN : nakuT alegnA

awisahaM romoN 12280 : 1204

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD

: ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

“ tikaS hamuR id hadnipreB nanignieK padahreT ajreK nasaupeK huragneP

gnalameP airaM atnaS mumU ”

B atrese nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD .)ada alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep

adapek ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP

nalakgnap kutneb malad aynhalognem ,nial aidem kutneb malad nakhilagnem

em nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad uata tenretnI id aynnakisakilbupm

ayas irad niji atnimem ulrep apnat simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem

ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet amales ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem nupuam

.silunep iagabes

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas gnay ini naataynrep naikimeD

atrakaygoY id taubiD

,laggnat adaP 3102 iraunaJ 13

,nakataynem gnaY

nakuT alegnA


iiv

ATAK RATNAGNEP

suduK itaH adapek nakrutah ayas hisak amiret nad rukuys ijuP suseY nad

aggnihes ,ayNhisak nad tamhar nakhapmilem halet gnay suduK itaH adnuB

ajreK nasaupeK huragneP ludujreb gnay ispirks nakiaseleynem tapad silunep

hadnipreB nanignieK padahreT hamuR id tikaS .gnalameP airaM mumU

kutnu tarays utas halas ihunemem kutnu nakduskamid ini ispirks nasiluneP

nasuruJ ,nemejanaM idutS margorP adap imonokE anajraS raleg helorepmem

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU imonokE satlukaF nemejanaM

asiluneP iagabreb nautnab takreb kiab nagned iaseles tapad ini ispirks n

:adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem nigni silunep uti kutnU .kahip

.1 .rD kapaB ojdiraM yrreH .iS.M , s imonokE satlukaF nakeD ukale

nU i .amrahD atanaS satisrev

.2 .E.S ,otowruP sakuL .rD kapaB , .M .iS iduts margorP auteK ukales

.amrahD atanaS natisrevinU nemejanaM

.3 gnay ,1 gnibmibmep nesod ukales ,.iS.M ,.E.S ,otowruP sakuL .rD kapaB

atres gnibmibmem naaitesek nad narabasek hunep nagned halet

.ini ispirks nanusuynep malad silunep nakharagnem

.4 notnA kapaB S alisusiduB sui .E. .M , coS , cS nad hitilet nagned aguj gnay

ispirks aggnihes silunep gnibmibmem nad nakharagnem narabasek hunep

.anrupmes hibel idajnem ini

.5 ubI .arD iS.M ,itnadraH iniR anailuY . ukales ijugnep mit atoggna .


iiiv

.6 nawayrak nad nesod panegeS atanaS satisrevinU imonokE satlukaF

satisrevinU id hailuk amales silunep gnibmibmem halet gnay amrahD

.amrahD atanaS

.7 paB .seK .M ,otnailuY ododiW .rd ka mumU tikaS hamuR rutkeriD ukales

tapad silunep aggnihes nizi nakirebmem halet gnay gnalameP airaM atnaS

.ini naitilenep nakukalem

.8 ayrak panegeS iraM atnaS mumU tikaS hamuR naw a halet gnay gnalameP

nasilunep malad nakhutub ayas gnay atad nakirebmem nad utnabmem

.ini ispirks

.9 naayacrepek irebmem halet gnay suduK itaH adnuB iretuP isagergnoK

kutnu silunep adapek atanaS satisrevinU id tujnal iduts hupmenem

.amrahD

.01 namet atres CSNDF ,aitneduaG .M .rS nad CSNDF ,neitsirhC .M .rS -

nakirebmem halet gnay atrakaygoY iduts satinumok id ada gnay namet

.kiab nagned iaseles tapad ini ispirks aggnihes tagnames nad nagnukud

.11 meT na - natakgna namet 8002 nad nautnab nakirebmem halet gnay

nagned ini ispirks nakiaseleynem tapad silunep aggnihes aod nagnukud

.kiab

.21 kida atres ubi ,kapaB - nad nagnorod nakirebmem ulales gnay kida

nagnukud ayniaseles aggnih liiretam nupuam lirom kiab ispirks nasilunep

.ini

.31 .ini ispirks nasilunep malad utnabmem halet gnay kahip aumeS


xi

irad huaj tagnas hisam ini ispirks awhab iradaynem siluneP

helO .silunep ikilimid gnay namalagnep nad nasatabretek anerak anrupmes

kitirk nakparahgnem silunep ,uti anerak irad nugnabmem gnay naras nad

ispirks parahreb siluneP .ini ispirks nakanrupmeynem anug acabmep arap

naker igab nakusam nahab idajnem tapad nad taafnamreb ini - malad naker

.ispirks nusuynem

atrakaygoY , iraunaj 13 3102

siluneP

nakuT alegnA

120412280 :MIN


x

ISI RATFAD

namalaH

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ...................... i

GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ................................ ............... ii

NAMALAH NAHASEGNEP ................................ ................................ ......... iii

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ...... vi

SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP NAMALAH .......................... v

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ............................ vi

RATNAGNEP ATAK NAMALAH ................................ ................................ iv i

ISI RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ............. x

LEBAT RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ...... ix ii

RABMAG RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ . xv

MALAH NARIPMAL RATFAD NA ................................ ............................ vx i

KARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... xvii

TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ ... x iv ii

NAULUHADNEP I BAB ................................ ................................ .............. 1

halasaM gnakaleb rataL .A ................................ ................................ ....... 1

halasaM nasumuR .B ................................ ................................ ............... 5

halasaM nasatabmeP .C ................................ ................................ ............ 6

naitileneP naujuT .D ................................ ................................ ................. 7

naitileneP taafnaM .E ................................ ................................ ............... 7

AKATSUP NAIJAK II BAB ................................ ................................ ........ 9

.A pesnoK aisunaM ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM ................................ ......... 9

aisunam ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM naitregneP .1 ................................ 9

aisunaM ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM pukgniL gnauR .2 ........................ 11

aisunaM ayad rebmuS nemejanaM isgnuF .3 ................................ ....... 11

.B ajreK nasaupeK pesnoK ................................ ................................ ....... 31

ajreK nasaupeK naitregneP .1 ................................ .............................. 31

rotkaF .2 M gnaY ihuragnepme ajreK nasaupeK ................................ .. 51


ix

ajreK nasaupeK aynihunepreT kadiT tabikA .3 ................................ ... 12

.C hadnipreB nanignieK ................................ ................................ ........... 22

hadnipreB nanignieK isinifeD .1 ................................ ........................ 22

gnaY rotkaF .2 M hadnipreB nanignieK ihuragnepme .......................... 32

.D uluhadreT naitileneP ................................ ................................ ........... 52

E . naitileneP lautpetsnoK akgnareK ................................ ........................ 62

F sisetopiH nasumuR . ................................ ................................ ............. 72

NAITILENEP EDOTEM III BAB ................................ ............................... 34

naitileneP sineJ .A ................................ ................................ .................... 43

naitileneP keybO nad keybuS .B ................................ .............................. 43

naitileneP isakoL nad utkaW .C ................................ ............................... 53

naitileneP lebairaV .D ................................ ................................ .............. 53

lanoisarepO isinifeD .E ................................ ................................ ............ 63

lepmaS nad isalupoP .F ................................ ................................ ............ 14

ataD rebmuS nad sineJ .G ................................ ................................ ........ 34

H pmugneP kinkeT . ataD nalu ................................ ................................ ... 34

I nemurtsnI naijugneP kinkeT . ................................ ................................ . 44

atad sisilanA kinkeT .J ................................ ................................ ............. 84

NAITILENEP KEYBUS MUMU NARABMAG VI BAB ........................... 53

akgniS harajeS .A gnalameP airaM atnaS USR t ................................ ....... 35

aujuT nad isiM ,isiV .B gnalameP airaM atnaS USR n .............................. 65

.C ahasU gnadiB ................................ ................................ ...................... 75

.D naalolegneP nad isasinagrO ................................ ................................ . 95

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD ISILANA V BAB ................................ ......... 37

sisilanA nad ataD ispirkseD .A ................................ ................................ . 37

.B nednopseR ispirkseD ................................ ................................ ........... 37

seD .C naitileneP lebairaV ispirk ................................ ............................... 77

D . ijU lisaH nad satidilaV nemurtsnI satilibaileR ................................ ..... 28

atad sisilanA .E ................................ ................................ ........................ 88

nasahabmeP .F ................................ ................................ ......................... 49


iix

BAB IV ALUPMISEK N NASATABRETEK NAD NARAS , .................... 103

nalupmiseK .A ................................ ................................ ........................ 01 3

naraS .B ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 501

nasatabreteK .C ................................ ................................ ........................ 601

AKATSUP RATFAD ................................ ................................ ..................... 801

NARIPMAL ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 1 01


iiix

LEBAT RATFAD

lebaT luduJ namalaH

1.1 ataD revO nruT airaM atnaS USR nawayraK ................................ ...... 5

I.II elbairav lanoisarepO isinifeD ................................ .............................. 04

isubirtsiD I.VI airaM atnaS USR rudiT tapmeT ................................ ........ 58

2.VI airaM atnaS USR MDS nagnologgneP ................................ .............. 27

.V aisU nakrasadreB nednopseR 1 ................................ ............................. 47

nopseR 2.V nimaleK sinej nakrasadreB ned ................................ ............... 57

seR 3.V nakididneP nakrasadreB nednop ................................ ................... 67

opseR 4.V ajrekeB amal nakrasadreB nedn ................................ ................ 77

kseD kitsitatS 5.V naitileneP lebairaV fitpir ................................ ............... 77

saH 6.V aV ijU li ti kroW lebairaV satidil - fles ................................ ............ 38

ijU lisaH 7.V satidilaV ijaG lebairaV 1 ................................ ..................... 38

lisaH 8.V 2 ijaG lebairaV satidilaV ijU ................................ ..................... 48

ijU lisaH 9.V 1 isomorP lebairaV satidilaV ................................ ............... 48

lebairaV satidilaV ijU lisaH 01.V 2 isomorP ................................ ............. 58

V ijU lisaH 11.V airav satidila ajreK nakeR leb ................................ .......... 58

lav ijU lisaH 21.V ajreK isidnoK lebairaV sadidi ................................ ........ 68

satidilaV ijU lisaH 31.V hadnipreB nanignieK lebairaV ............................ 68

V 1 satilibaileR ijU lisaH 41. ................................ ................................ ..... 78

satilibaileR ijU lisaH 51.V 2 ................................ ................................ ..... 88

H 61.V ijU lisa adnagreB isergeR ................................ ............................... 98


vix

t ijU lisaH 71.V ................................ ................................ .......................... 19


vx

RABMAG RATFAD

luduJ rabmaG namalaH

yraK nednopseR 1 .II nasaupkaditeK padahreT nawa ................................ . 12

akgnareK 2.II rikipreB ................................ ................................ ............. 62

asinagrO rutkurtS 1.VI USR is gnalameP airaM atnaS ............................... 06


ivx

NARIPMAL RATFAD

luduJ naripmaL romoN namalaH

ripmaL .1 na naitileneP nijI taruS ................................ ................................ 901

2 naripmaL naitileneP renoiseuK ................................ ............................... 901

naripmaL 3 . ataD satidilaV ijU , satilibaileR t ijU nad ................................ . 411

naripmaL 4 . H tuP tuO lisa O hal D naitileneP renoiseuK ata ........................ 621


iivx

KARTSBA


HADNIPREB NANIGNIEK


nakuT alegnA amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

2102 ,atrakaygoY

gnay nawayrak aynkusam raulek takgniT naklubminem naka iggnit nad nalibatskaditek nakatpicnem tapad anerak isasinagro igab fitagen kapmad ayad rebmus ayaib natakgninep nad ajrek aganet isidnok padahret naitsapkaditek adap nakisatsevniid hadus gnay nahitalep ayaib apureb gnay inkay aisunam

rak takgniT .ilabmek nahitalep nad nemturker ayaib adap iapmas naway kadit isasinagro naktabikagnem aguj iggnit gnay revonrut uata nahadniprep surah nad namalagnepreb gnay nawayrak nagnalihek naahasurep anerak fitkefe

.urab gnay nawayrak ilabmek hitalem ileneP aujutreb ini nait n ajrek nasaupek aratna huragnep iuhategnem kutnu

( iridnes uti naajrekep itupilem gnay ti krow - fles nad ajrek naker ,isomorp ,ijag ,) hamuR adap nawayrak hadnipreb nanigniek padahret ajrek isidnok S mumU tika

S ategnem nad gnalameP airaM atna huragnepreb nanimod gnilap gnay rotkaf iuh .hadnipreb nanigniek padahret H nakirebmem tapad nakparahid naitilenep lisa

.hadnipreb nanigniek padahret ajrek nasaupek huragnep gnatnet narabmagraM atnaS USR nawayrak hurules halada ini naitilenep malad isalupoP ai

.nednopser 07 kaynabes lepmas nagned ,gnaro 872 halmujreb gnay gnalameP nakanuggnem lepmas nalibmagneP gnilpmas ytilibaborp non nagned sinej

evisoprup nilpmas .g nad renoiseuk nagned atad nalupmugnep kinkeT kinket nakanuggnem atad sisilanA .isatnemukod lisaH ..adnagreb iserger sisilana

awhab nakkujnunem naitilenep nanigniek ihuragnepmem hapu/ijag nasaupek nakgnades ,fitagen araces hadnipreb ti krow - fles nad ajrek naker ,isomorp ,

nanigniek padahret nakifingis gnay huragnep iaynupmem kadit ajrek isidnokeb .hadnipr

naknurunem ayapu malaD evonrut isakilpmi ,hadnipreb nanigniek uata r ijag ialin naktakgninem halada airaM atnaS tikaS hamuR nakukalid tapad gnay gnay nawayrak naknahatrepmem anug nawayrak adapek nakirebid gnay

.laisnetop

nasaupek : icnuk ataK hadnipreb nanigniek ,ajrek


iiivx

TCARTSBA

FO YCNEDNET EHT NO NOITCAFSITAS KROW FO TCEFFE EHTREVONRUT EEYOLPME

GNALAMEP ”AIRAM ATNAS“ FO LATIPSOH CILBUP TA

nakuT alegnA

ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS

atrakaygoY

2102

hgih ehT yl noitazinagro na morf tixe dna retne ot seeyolpme fo ycnednet esuac dluoc tI .noitazinagro eht ot tcapmi evitagen a pu esir dluow ynapmoc ro eht esaercni dluoc dna noitautis eeyolpme eht fo ytniatrecnu dna ytilibatsni

ylhgih ehT .tsoc secruoser namuh na esuac osla tnemevom ro revonrut decneirepxe fo kcal eb dluow noitazinagro eht esuaceb evitceffeni noitazinagro

.seeyolpme rehto niarter dluohs ti dna eeyolpme

eht gnidulcni( noitcafsitas krow fo tceffe eht yfitnedi ot demia hcraeser sihTles ti krow fo ycnednet eht no )noitautis krow dna eugaelloc ,noitomorp ,yralas ,f

ezinqocer ot dna gnalameP airaM atnaS fo latipsoH cilbuP evael ot seeyolpme .evael ot seeyolpme eht fo ycnednet eht ecneulfni rotcaf tnanimod tsom eht

r siht fo tluser eht ,yllufepoH noitcafsitas krow fo tceffe eht ebircsed dluoc hcraese eht lla saw noitalupop hcraeser ehT .revonrut seeyolpme fo ycnednet eht no .snosrep 872 fo detsisnoc gnalameP airaM atnaS fo latipsoH cilbuP fo seeyolpme

elpmas ehT .stnednopser 07 saw ezis elpmas ehT non rednu pu dekcip erew s atad eht fo sdohtem ehT .euqinhcet gnilpmas evisoprup htiw gnilpmas ytilibaborp a desu sisylana atad ehT .noitatnemucod dna eriannoitseuq erew noitcelloc seeyolpme eht taht tuo detniop tluser ehT .sisylana noisserger elpitlum .evael ot seeyolpme fo ycnednet eht ylevitagen detceffa yralas no noitcafsitas a evah ton did noitautis krow dna eugaelloc ,noitomorp ,fles ti krow eht elihW

.ycnednet revonrut eht no tceffe tnacifingis

cnednet tnemevom ro revonrut eht ecuder ot troffe nI fo latipsoH eht ,y ot redro ni seeyolpme yralas eht esaercni dluohs tnemeganam airaM atnaS

.ynapmoc eht htiw yats seeyolpme laitnetop eht niatniam

.ycnednet tnemevom ,noitcafsitas krow :sdroW yeK


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

nakaideynem gnay agabmel nakapurem sinsib isasinagro utaus iagabes naahasureP

amatu naujut iaynupmem aguj naahasurep ,isim nad isiv ikilimem niales ,asaj nad gnarab

rasebes abal helorepmem utiay - naknahatrepmem kutnu aynraseb nagnusgnalek .aynpudih

p utigeB gnadib id karegreb gnay ahasu utaus nakapurem gnay tikas hamur nagned aynlah alu

,sata nagnolog takgnit irad takaraysam kiab saul takaraysam adapek asaj nanayalep

.hawab takgnit nupuam ,hagnenem asib kutnu tutnutid tikas hamur narep halinis iD

klamitpognem irad imonoke nagnolog takgnit gnadnamem surah apnat aynnanayalep na

iridnes uti takaraysam hamur utaus gnorodnem nugnabid gnay tikas hamur kaynab nikameS .

nanayalep nakirebmem ahasu malad aynnial tikas hamur nagned gniasreb tapad kutnu tikas

kiabes gnay - ab .inayalid gnay neisap arap nasaupek imed aynki hotnoc iagabeS , hamur halmuj

.tikas hamur 4 ada 0102 nuhat iapmas gnalameP netapubaK id ada gnay tikas T 1102 nuha

amur haubes nakimserid T .nilasreb hamur utas nad tikas h haubes igal nakimserid 2102 nuha

tikas hamur atsaws id tikas hamur halmuj aggnihes P netapubaK hamur 6 idajnem gnalame

tikas gnisam anamid - tikas hamur gnisam tubeset igetarts ikilimem gniasreb iridnesret kutnu

nayalep naklamitpognem na .kiab hibel gnay agneD naikimed n gnitnep tagnas nakmananem

adapek naayacrepek .tikas hamur id nanayalep asaj naktaafnamem kutnu neisap arap

sativitka helo ihuragnepid tubesret tikas hamur id nanayalep kiab nikameS - gnay sativitka

nakajibek itupilem - nakajibek m nemejana s rebmu da ay m .aisuna


2

nagnukgnil malad gniasreb naluggnuek ialin ,aynnial sinsib naahasurep adap itrepeS

hamur iulalem nakatpicid aguj tikas m nemejana s rebmu m ayad aisuna anamid ,fitkefe gnay

s rebmu m ayad aisuna nakatpicnem malad gnitnepret naahasurep tesa nakapurem tubesret

naka kadit ,tikas hamur helo ikilimid halet gnay nupapa higgnaces talA .gniasreb naluggnuek

apa itrareb - irad fitka narep akij apa s rebmu d aya m kadit aisuna .nakatrestukiid iridret ini tesA

ad nupuam udividni araces ajrekeb gnay gnaroeses kitsiretkarak kutneb nad macam iagabreb ir

isasinagro malad naajrekep utaus nakiaseleynem malad kopmolek araces naahasurep uata

itrepes aupek ianegnem gnaroeses nanarep nad satiselpmok itupilem gnay tikas hamur nas

,naigaiS( aynajrek 9002 : 592 .) gnabmuynem anerak gnitnep tagnas ajrek nasaupeK

nalisahrebek agro n ,isasi nad kudorp nagned sativitkudorp naktakgninem tapad nial aratna

nanigniek atres isnesba takgnit naknurunem tapad aguj nad satilaukreb gnay nanayalep

.hadnip uata raulek kutnu nawayrak

s uti anerak helO ahasureb ulales tikas hamur itrepes isasinagro uata naahasurep paite

.alerakus araces raulek gnay amaturet ,aynnawayrak raulek takgnit ignarugnem ayniggniT

ro uata naahasurep utas irad raulek nawayrak gnidnabid ayaib nasarobmep nakapurem isasinag

.ayntaafnam kaynab aynmumu alerakus araces hadnipreb nanigniek uata nawayrak aynrauleK

.naahasurep nakigurem tagnas ini itrepes susak aggnihes isatserpreb nawayrak adap idajret

gnay nawayrak raseb naigabeS nasala anerak isasinagro uata naahasurep naklaggninem

nad iradnihid tapad gnay alerakus ajrek nahadniprep sata nakirogetakid tapad alerakus

.iradnihid tapad kadit gnay ajrek nahadniprep tapad iradnihid tapad gnay ajrek nahadnipreP

nasala anerak nakbabesid - nasala itrepes nad ,ajrek isidnok ,ajrek naker ,nasata uata nanipmip

ijag . nahaburep nasala anerak lubmit iradnihid tapad kadit gnay ajrek nahadniprep nakgnadeS

.agraulek rotkaf anerak uata rirak rulaj raulek gnay nawayrak sata suires kapmad haaleneM


3

esret rotkaf iracnem arac nagned fitkefe isulos nakulrepid akam tub - gnay rotkaf m gnorodne

k rutaretil malaD .ajrek hadnip raulek kutnu nawayrak nanigniek uata tain e tain uata nanigni

nagned naknadapesid raulek evael ot noitnetni uata tiuq ot noitnetni . kaynab adA rotkaf

.ini naitilenep iulalem naksalejid tapad gnay babeynep utas halas halada ajrek nasaupeK

.ajrek hadnip kutnu tain uata nanigniek ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf turuneM )7991( yelboM

inidnA atiR helo pitukid gnay )3 : 6002( tnu nanigniek awhab naksalejnem irihkagnem ku

naklaggninem uata sagut nagned fitagen nagnubuhreb isasinagro uata naahasurep utaus

.ajrek nasaupek nawayrak uata ajrekep gnaroeS aynnaajrekep nagned naksaupret asarem gnay

aynkilabeS .isasinagro malad nahatreb kutnu gnurednec jrekep gnaroes nawayrak uata a gnay

.isasinagro irad raulek kutnu hilimem naka aynnaajrekep nagned naksaupret gnaruk asarem

raulek kutnu gnaroeses narikimep ihuragnepmem tapad nakasarid gnay ajrek nasaupeK

aajrekep fitanretla iagabreb padahret isaulavE .naajrekep hadnip naka aynrihka adap n

aynidajret nakdujuwem revonrut naka isasinagro raulek hilimem gnay udividni anerak

.nial tapmet id naksaumem hibel gnay lisah nakparahgnem

nagned nagnubuhreb aynmumu adap isasinagro irad irid nakiranep ukalireP

nakirebid gnay apa nagned tubesret nawayrak nakparahid gnay apa aratna nakocockaditek

padahret nad ajrek naker ,nasata naukalrep ,isomorp gnaulep ,ijag aynlasiM .isasinagro helo

jrekep iridnes uti naa ti krow( - .)fles gnatnet akerem nagnadnap nakakumegnem ilha aparebeB

kepsa - ekcoL .ajrek nasaupek utnenep kepsa y )6791( d gna ahoY helo pituki meT sen a urul

)064 : 1002( gnay nalabmi ,gnatnanem gnay naajrekep itrepes kepsa aparebeb naktubeynem

a ek naker nagnukud ,gnukudnem gnay ajrek isidnok ,lid .ajr 991( snahtuL 2 ) helo pitukid gnay

)464 : 1002( urulameT senahoY nagned nagnubuhreb gnay isnemid mane nakakumegnem

,narayabmep utiay ,ajrek nasaupek ihuragnepmem gnay naajrekep ti krow - ,fles ,isomorp


4

rosivrepus , .ajrek isidnok nad ,ajrek kopmolek turuneM )5791( tremliG helo pitukid gnay

oY senah urulameT )464 : 1002( ikilimem ialinid gnay kepsa hulupes nakakumegnem

nad naahasurep ,ujam kutnu natapmesek ,nanamaek utiay ajrek nasaupek padahret isubirtnok

mana kepsa ,isivrepus ,naajrekep irad kisnirtni kepsa ,ijag/hapu ,nemej - irad laisos kepsa

isidnok ,isakinumok ,naajrekep - nad ajrek isidnok .stifeneb

apateb iuhatekid sata id naiaru iraD nitnep g p ayn aynnemejanam nad isasinagro nare

tahrep nakirebmem malad rotkaf adapek nai - ajrek nasaupek naktakgninem upmam gnay rotkaf

.aynnawayrak .hadnip kutnu nawayrak nanigniek nakenem alup tapad naikimed nagneD

,ini naitilenep malaD nakanugrepid kepsa - ajrek nasaupek kepsa tremliG nad snahtuL turunem

utiay ti krow - fles g , kepsA .ajrek isidnok nad ,ajrek naker ,isomorp ,ija - halini itrepes kepsa

nagned nasaupek takgnit aratna natiakretek ada anerak ,isasinagro nakitahrepid ulrep gnay

.naajrekep hadnip nanigniek aynhamel uata tauk

naitileneP ini id nakukalid R hamu S tika U mum ayrak haubes ,gnalameP airaM atnaS

isagergnoK kilim natahesek nanayalep retsus arap .suduK itaH adnuB irtuP nakrasadreB

awhab isamrofni helorepid ,aisunam ayad rebmus naigab irad nauluhadnep aracnawaw USR

airaM atnaS gnalameP 1102 nuhat adap mrep imalagnem nahalasa .suires pukuc gnay

uata raulek gnay nawayrak aynkaynab adap tahilret tubesret nahalasamreP kutnu naksutumem

ek ajrek hadnip uata naahasurep .aynnial tikas hamur nuhat adaP 1102 56 ada nawayrak gnaro

id naajrekep iracnem kutnu irid nakrudnugnem met nial tap iraD . 56 gnay nawayrak gnaro

iagabes amiretid anerak gnaro 2 ,nuisnep anerak gnaro 1 : sata iridret ,irid nakrudnugnem

P iawage N irege S )SNP( lipi , 84 nad ,nial tapmet id naajrekep tapadnem gnaro 41 aganet

nadib nad tawarep habmatid aganet 1 R make M kide )MR( ek hadnip SR akideM agaiS

aratna nakruiggnem pukuc gnay ijag narawat nagned ,1 3 atuj aggnih 2,2 atuj haipur . ataD


5

ek hadnip kutnu nawayrak aynraulek uata naahasurep lebat adap tahilid tapad nial tikas hamur

.1.I

1.1 lebaT revonruT ataD nawayraK

tikaS hamuR mumU 1102 nuhaT gnalameP airaM atnaS

nuhaT 1102 naJ beF raM rpA ieM inuJ iluJ sgA tpeS tkO voN seD

lmJ ataR - atar

kusaM 0 01 3 0 61 6 4 2 0 4 61 91 08

% 0 ,3 09 ,1 71 0 .5 99 ,2 32 ,1 74 ,0 37 0 ,1 84 ,5 36 41,7 57,03

rauleK 2 3 3 3 2 4 2 1 3 3 1 83 56

% ,0 08 ,1 71 ,1 71 ,1 81 .0 47 ,1 84 ,0 47 3,0 6 11,1 ,1 21 3,0 5 1 82,4 34,42 halmuJ aganeT 942 652 652 352 762 962 272 172 862 962 482 662 662

atnaS USR MDS naigaB : rebmuS M 1102 gnalameP aira .

lebat iraD gnay nawayrak aynraulek takgnit awhab tahilret 1.I tagnas iggnit adap idajret

rebmeseD nalub 1102 nuhat nawayrak 83 kaynabes uata %82,41 rasebes utiay ini laH .

rotkaf aynada nakisakidnignem - iraD .raulek tubesret nawayrak apagnem babeynep rotkaf

naker ,isomorp ,ijag ,iridnes uti naajrekep rotkaf agudid tubesret babeynep nasala aparebeb

akifingis pukuc gnay gnitnep nanarep gnagemem ajrek isidnok nad ajrek nagned aggnihes ,n

akam tubesret nasala em nad itilenem kutnu kiratret silunep n malad nasilut nakgnaunem aboc

: luduj hadnipreB nanignieK padahreT ajreK nasaupeK huragneP“ d tikaS hamuR i

mumU .”gnalameP airaM atnaS

.B nahalasamreP nasumuR

akam ,nakakumekid halet gnay gnakaleb ratal irad naiaru nakrasadreB nasumurep

: tukireb iagabes halada ini naitilenep malad halasam

.1 a itrepeS ap nawayrak kitsiretkarak USR ?gnalameP airaM atnaS

.2 iggnit aparebeS nawayrak ajrek nasaupek takgnit id USR atnaS ?gnalameP airaM


6

.3 takgnit iggnit aparebeS nawayrak hadnipreb nanigniek id USR ?gnalameP airaM atnaS

.4 adap nasaupek hakapA ti krow - fles huragnepreb hadnipreb nanigniek padahret

nawayrak id USR ?gnalameP airaM atnaS

.5 huragnepreb ijag/hapu adap nasaupek hakapA nawayrak hadnipreb nanigniek padahret id

USR ?gnalameP airaM atnaS

.6 huragnepreb isomorp gnaulep adap nasaupek hakapA hadnipreb nanigniek padahret

nawayrak id USR ?gnalamep airaM atnaS

.7 huragnepreb ajrek naker adap nasaupek hakapA nipreb nanigniek padahret nawayrak had

id USR ?gnalameP airaM atnaS

.8 huragnepreb ajrek isidnok adap nasaupek hakapA hadnipreb nanigniek padahret

nawayrak id USR ?gnalameP airaM atnaS

.C halasaM nasataB

rotkaf sisilana nakukalem malad nakanugid gnay iretam nagned nagnubuheS - rotkaf

silunep akam saul tagnas gnay nawayrak hadnipreb nananigniek padahret ajrek nasaupek

nasatab aynada ulrep gnadnamem - .sisilana nakukalem malad salej gnay nasatab

m adap kalotreB : adap ini naitilenep isatabmem silunep akam ,ipadahid gnay halasa

.a nawayrak halada naitilenep kejbo nakidajid gnay isalupoP USR atnaS airaM gnalameP

halmujreb gnay 72 8 .gnaro

.b rotkaf itupilem aynah hitiletid gnay lebairaV - inkay ajrek nasaupek rotkaf krow ti - fles ,

,isomorp gnaulep ,ijag nad ajrek isidnok ,ajrek naker .hadnipreb nanigniek


7

.D naitileneP naujuT

asadreB r tapad sata id halasam nasumurep nad halasam gnakaleb ratal nak naksumurid

: tukireb iagabes naitilenep naujut

.1 kitsiretkarak iuhategneM .gnalameP airaM atnaS USR nawayrak

.2 nawayrak ajrek nasaupek takgnit iuhategneM USR gnalameP airaM atnaS

.3 iuhategneM takgnit nawayrak hadnipreb nanigniek id USR gnalameP airaM atnaS

.4 nasaupek huragnep iuhategneM ti row - fles padahret hadnipreb nanigniek id nawayrak

USR .gnalameP airaM atnaS

.5 nasaupek huragnep iuhategneM id nawayrak hadnipreb nanigniek padahret ijag/hapu

USR .gnalameP airaM atnaS

.6 hadnipreb nanigniek padahret isomorp gnaulep adap nasaupek huragnep iuhategneM

id nawayrak USR amep airaM atnaS .gnal

.7 nawayrak hadnipreb nanigniek padahret ajrek naker adap nasaupek huragnep iuhategneM

id USR .gnalameP airaM atnaS

.8 hadnipreb nanigniek padahret ajrek isidnok adap nasaupek huragnep iuhategneM

id nawayrak USR .gnalameP airaM atnaS

.E .naitileneP taafnaM

.1 R igaB hamu S tika U )USR( mum airaM atnaS gnalameP

kutnu nemejanam kahip igab naparah nakirebmem tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

nakajibek nakparenem s nemejanam rebmu d aya m id aisuna USR gnalameP airaM atnaS

hgnem kutnu ajrek nasaupek ikiabrepmem malad gnay hadnipreb nanigniek takgnit iradni

kiab hibel gnay ajrek nagnukgnil nakatpicnem tapad aggnihes nawayrak fats adap iggnit


8

nakirebmem naka uti nialeS .lamitpo gnay ajrek isatserp ayniapacret gnukudnem nad

iroet taukrepmem nad isamrofni ianegnem narabmag - nad ajrek nasaupek gnatnet iroet

.hadnipreb nanigniek

.2 amrahD atanaS satisrevinU igaB

kutnu nahabmat isnerefer nahab iagabes nakanugid tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

mrahD atanaS satisrevinU kutnu naakatsupek nagnabmus nad tujnal hibel naitilenep .a

.3 siluneP igaB

iroet nakparenem tapad silunep ini naitilenep iulalem nakparahiD - halet gnay iroet

malad isamrofni atres nauhategnep nahabmat tapadnem sugilakes ,hailuk amales helorepid

halasam irajalepmem - agned nagnubuhes isasinagro malad ada gnay halasam takgnit n

.hadnipreb nanigniek padahret nawayrak ajrek nasaupek


9

II BAB

IROET NASADNAL

.A pesnoK nemejanaM rebmuS ayaD aisunaM

nauhategnep umli iagabes nemejanaM tukgnaynem gnadib gnay

nemejanam halada ayngnadib utas halas anamid ,saul tagnas gnay ,ailanosrep

arakes nagned tubesid gnires hibel gn m nemejana s rebmu d aya m .aisuna

.I aisunaM ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM naitregneP

adebreb gnay naitregnep nakirebmem ilha aparebeB - ianegnem adeb

nemejanam nupualaw ,aisunam ayad rebmus ripmah aynitni aratna amas

hawabiD .aynnial gnay nagned utas nep nakakumekid naka ini irad tapad

.aisunam ayad rebmus nemejanam gnatnet ilha aparebeb

udnuggiK .N sesoM turuneM alad semoG osodraC onitsuaF m : 7991( )4

s nemejanam malad awhab nakatagnem rebmu d ikilimem aisunam aya

fitkepsrep ,lanoisanretni orkam psrep malaD .orkim nupuam fitke

m ayad rebmus nemejanam orkam uata lanoisanretni halada aisuna

nagnabmegnep nad nataafnamep linosrep )iawagep( naiapacnep igab

narasas ianegnem fitkefe araces - naujut nad narasas - ,udividni naujut

,takaraysam ,isasinagro lanoisan .lanoisanretni nad eS malad nakgnad

nakakumekid orkim naitregnep amas gnay ukub malad oppilF .B niwdE helo

awhab nemejanam rebmus aisunamayad m orki halada ,naanacnerep

,naisasinagrognep naharagnep nad nasawagnep nataigek - nataigek


01

nairebmep ,nagnabmegnep ,naadagnep ,naisargetnignep ,isasnepmok

naarahilemep nad kutnu duskam nagned aisunam ayad rebmus nasapelep

iapacnem naujut ,naahasurep udividni nad .takaraysam nagnubuheS

nagned naiapacnep naujut isasinagro gnay ,fitkefe nad yevraH noD

niworB esurB treboR iwawaN iradaH .H malad : 3002( )013 nakatagnem

awhab s nemejanam rebmu d aya m id tapad aisuna a nakitr iagabes

,helorepmem/kiranem nataigek nakukalem kutnu nemejanam

nad isavitomem ,nakgnabmegnem ahatrepmem n nak gnay ajrek aganet

.isasinagro malad adareb patet raga iggnit ajrek ajrenik ikilimem

gnipmas iD isinifed aguj nakatakid halet uti awhab nial m nemejana s rebmu

d aya m aisuna udividni naalolegnep halada - malad ajrekeb gnay udividni

kutnu amaturet ,ajrekep nagned ajrekep ratna nagnubuh apureb ,isasinagro

nakatpicnem udividni naktaafnamem nad - iagabes fitkudorp araces udividni

ahasu iapacnem naujut isasinagro malad nad kgnar a nadujuwrep nasaupek

udividni nahutubek nahunemep nad ajrek - iradaH .H tubesret udividni

iwawaN .)113 :3002(

isinifed aparebeb iraD naitregnep awhab naklupmisid tapad ,sata id tubesret

nemejanam ayad rebmus aisunam uata nemejanam ailanosrep alada h

utaus sesorp uata nataigek gnay isgnuf nakanaskalem - nemejanam isgnuf

malad rutagnem aganet iapacnem kutnu ajrek naujut nad idabirp

.isasinagro


11

.2 aisunaM ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM pukgniL gnauR

semoG osodraC onitsuaF malad lessuR .A .E ecyoJ nad nidranreB nhoJ .H

3 :7991( - sativitka awhab nakatagnem )4 - nagned natiakreb gnay sativitka

m nemejana s rebmu d aya m nagnacnaR pukacnem mumu araces aisuna

,isasinagrO gniffatS , metsiS draweR , nagnajnut - nad ,nagnajnut

/nahutamep ecnailpmoc , ,isnamrofreP nemejanaM nagnabmegneP naajrekeP

.takaraysaM nagnubuH nad nakinumoK ,isasinagrO nad

.3 .aisunaM ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM isgnuF

uf aud ada tubesret aisunam ayad rebmus nemejanam naitregnep iraD ,isgn

: utiay

)1 nemejanaM isgnuF

isgnuf tapme irad iridret ini nemejanam isgnuf maladiD :

.a F isgnu P aanacnere n

margorp uluhad hibel nakutnenem itrareb gnay naanacnereP

gnay ailanosrep naka utnabmem iapacnem naujut naahasurep

gnay halet .nakpatetid

.b P isgnuF naisasinagrogne

gnacnarem nagned naujut iapacnem kutnu tala iagabes naisasinagrogneP

rotkaf nad ailanosrep natabaj aratna nagnubuh iagabreb irad nanusus -


21

.kisif rotkaf

.c naharagneP isgnuF

araces ajrekeb nawayrak raga nakahasugnem itrareb naharagneP

.fitkefe

.d P isgnuF nasawagne

inis id nasawagneP nakgnidnabmem nad itamagnem itrareb

naanaskalep nagned ilabmek ayniskerognem nad anacner re gnay anacn

.taubid halet

)2 lanoisarepO isgnuF

isgnuf amil irad iridret lanoisarepo isgnuf malad iD :

.a isgnuF P naadagne

gnay nawayrak sinej nad halmuj helorepmem kutnu isgnuf nakapureM

iapacnem kutnu tapet naujut amaturet ini isgnuF .isasinagro

nad ajrek aganet nahutubek nautnenep gnatnet tukgaynem

.aynnatapmenep nad iskeles ,aynnakiranep

.b eP isgnuF nagnabmegn

malad nawayrak nakgnabmegnem kutnu isgnuf nakapureM

ayapus nakulrepid gnay nahital iulalem nalipmartek naktakgninem

.kiab nagned sagut naknalajnem tapad


31

.c K isgnuF isasnepmo

tapad ini isgnuF gnay naagrahgnep nairebmep iagabes nakisinifedid

akerem nagnabmus nagned iauses nawayrak padahret kayal nad lida

.isasinagro naujut iapacnem kutnu

.d I isgnuF isargetn

udividni arap irad nanigniek naiauseynep tukgnaynem ini isgnuF

asinagro nanigniek nagned .takaraysam nad is

.e P isgnuF .naarahileme

gnay isidnok naktakgninem nad nakahatrepmem kutnu isgnuf utiaY

adap naktarebkititid naka naitahrep ini isgnuf malaD .ada halet

pakis naarahilemep nad nawayrak arap irad kisif isidnok naarahilemp

.nakgnaneynem gnay

.B .ajreK nasaupeK pesnoK

.1 ajrek nasaupek naitregneP

halaS utas narasas ayngnitnep malad aisunam ayad rebmus naalolegnep

utas naahasurep uata nasaupek aynatpicret halada isasinagro nawayrak

rp naktakgninem naka tujnal hibel gnay nad ajrek isatse .sativitkudorp

nawayraK gnay ajrekeb malad naadaek askapret naka ikilimem lisah

nagned ajrekeb gnay nawayrak nagned nakgnidnabid kurub gnay ajrek

naahasurep alibapA .iggnit gnay tagnames gnay nawayrak ikilimem

apad ,hadner aynnasaupek satiroyam sativitkudorp takgnit nakgnayabid t


41

.naahasurep nakigurem naka ini lah nad nahurulesek araces naahasurep

uti aneraK naahasurep ulrep nakitahrepmem nasaupek tajared aynnawayrak

nagned arac kepsa gnalu ijakgnem - ihuragnepmem tapad gnay kepsa

k nasaupek iskaeR .ajre nasaupkaditek anerak lucnum gnay fitagen ajrek

itrepes tabikareb tapad nawayrak gnires ,rikgnam lisah gnay ajrek

akgna ,nurunem revo nrut nial nad ,iggnit gnay - .nial

aynrasad adaP nagnubuh aratna naahasurep nawayrak nagned

halada gnilas gnay nagnubuh nigni naahasurep isis utas iD .nakgnutnugnem

naknignignem nawayrak nial isis id ,raseb gnay nagnutnuek naktapadnem

naparah nad nahutubek gnay ihunepid surah uti aneraK .naahasurep

em surah naahasurep ,agrahreb gnay tesa iagabes kepsa agajn - gnay kepsa

naklucnumem tapad asar uata saup padahret nawayrak saup kadit

ajrek nasaupek nagned tubesid gnires gnay uata aynnaajrekep .

naadaek halada ajrek nasaupek nagned nakduskamid gnay nupadA

lanoisome nawayrak anamid idajret nupuata umet idajret kadit aratna

nagned isasinagro uata naahasurep irad nawayrak asaj salab ialin takgnit

gnay nawayrak helo naknigniid gnay asaj salab natukgnasreb 6991 ,oyotraM(

: .)231 ekcoL turuneM )6791( helo pitukid gnay 2( urulameT senahoY : 200

)064 nakisinifednem nasaupek iagabes ajrek utaus naadaek lanoisome

gnay fitisop uata naialinep irad nakgnaneynem naajrekep utaus padahret

.ajrek namalagnep uata


51

okodnaH inaH .T ( )391 : 8002 ajrek nasaupek nakataynem halada

ek a naad lanoisome gnay nakgnaneynem uata kadit nakgnaneynem nagned

anam nawayrak naajrekep gnadnamem .akerem .P nehpetS turuneM

snibboR 13 :6002( ) nakisinifednem nasaupek ajrek gnaroeses pakis iagabes

mumu araces padahret aynnaajrekep atna hisiles , ar aynkaynab narajnag

gnaroes amiretid gnay aynkaynab nad ajrekep inikay akerem gnay

.amiret akerem aynsurahes

naigaiS .P nakgnadeS 9002( )592 : nakatagnem nasaupek awhab

fitisop tafisreb gnay kiab gnaroeses gnadnap arac utas nakapurem ajrek

nupuam )401 :2002( da’sA .aynnaajrekep gnatnet fitagen tafisreb gnay

irad pakis nagned tare nagnubuhreb ajrek nasaupek awhab nakataynem

ajrek ,ajrek isautis ,iridnes aynnaajrekep padahret ajrekep ratna amas

.ajrekep amases nagned nanipmip

asadreB r nak ad tapadnep ir sata id ilha arap akam naklupmisid tapad

naasarep halada ajrek nasaupek awhab tafisreb gnay mumu uata fitisop

gnaroes irid irad lubmit gnay nakgnaneynem udividni uata naajrekep padahret

igaB .aynadapek naknabebid gnay gnaroes nawayrak nasaupek ajrek

ubmit l alib nagnutnuek gnay nakasarid irad nakukalid gnay naajrekep

halet gnay apa nagned nakgnidnabid alib iadamem pukuc paggnaid aynhelo

.tubesret aynnaajrekep sata nakukalid

.2 rotkaF - ajreK nasaupeK ihuragnepmeM gnaY rotkaf


61

snibboR )251 : 6991( naksalejnem aparebeb otkaf r gnitnep gnay

ihuragnepmem utiay ajrek nasaupek :

.a .gnatnaneM gnaY naajrekeP

gnurednec hibel nawayraK naajrekep iakuynem - naajrekep gnay

nad nalipmartek nakanuggnem kutnu natapmesek akerem irebmem

erem naupmamek nad nasabebek ,sagut magareb nakrawanem nad ak

naajrekep nakajregnem akerem kiab apateb ianegnem kilab napmu

.akerem itrepes kitsiretkaraK latnem araces ajrek taubmem ini

.gnatnanem

.b lidA gnaY hapU nairebmeP

paiteS nawayrak naknignignem nakajibek nad hapu metsis isomorp

nakispesrep akerem gnay iauses nad nakugarem kadit ,lida iagabes

nagned naparahgnep .akerem gnay lida iagabes tahilid hapu aliB

nalipmartek takgnit ,naajrekep natutnut adap nakrasadid nad ,udividni

radnats hapugnep na ,satinumok nanikgnumek raseb naka

naklisahgnem nawayrak nakididnep takgnit iggnit nikameS .nasaupek

tubesret nawayrak nanikgnumek takgnit alup iggnit nikames akam

nagned laisos nagnidnabrep nakukalem amas gnay nagnidnab nawayrak

aahasurep raul id .n hadner hibel naahasurep nakirebid gnay ijag akiJ

nakgnidnabid naahasurep id ukalreb gnay ijag nagned nad sinejes gnay

ikilimem ,amas gnay epit ajrek nasaupkaditek lubmit naka akam

.ijag padahret nawayrak uti anerak helO nakutnetid surah ijag


71

haleb audek raga apur naikimedes kahip )naahasurep nad nawayrak(

amas asarem - saup asarem gnay nawayrak aneraK .nakgnutnuid amas

nagned ijag ,aynamiretid gnay tapad akam nakatpicnem nasaupek

nakparahid gnay ajrek huragnepreb adap nipreb nanigniek da nad h

.nawayrak ajrenik

002( okodnaH turunem alup utigeB 8 : 161 ) awhab nakataynem gnay

gnires isasnepmok aynraseb padahret nawayrak nasaupkaditeK“

naktabikaid aynada naasarep kadit nakukalrepid nagned kayal nad lida

.”akerem narayabmep malad

.c noK gnukudneM gnaY ajreK isid

idabirp nanamaek kutnu kiab ajrek nagnukgnil naka iludep nawayraK

nupuam kutnu nakhadumem nakajregnem sagut - aynsagut nagned .kiab

nawayraK hibel iakuynem isidnok kadit gnay isasinagro kisif

.ayahabreb

.d gnaY ajreK nakeR gnukudneM

ajrek nakeR gnay hamar nad gnukudnem tapad naktakgninem

.ajrekeb malad nasaupek

hguH dlonrA turuneM nad .C leinaD )87:6991( namdleiF

naktubeynem rotkaf apaerebeb gnay ihuragnepmem nasaupek : utiay ,ajrek

.a ijaG

ijaG nakapurem gnau gnay rayabid adapek sata iawagep

nakirebid gnay aynnanayalep araces .”nanalub rotkaf halada ijaG


81

ihunemem kutnu tala nakapurem anerak ajrek nasaupek irad gnitnep

kaynab .nahutubek labmit iagabes ijag gnadnamem nawayrak gnaroeS

nakirebid gnay kilab nakireb akerem gnay isubirtnok sata naahasurep

.naahasurep adapek

.b tI kroW - fleS

isI naajrekep gnay nemele ikilimem hakapa gnaroeses nakukalid gnay

.naksaumem awhab iuhatekid naajrekep kitsiretkarak gnatnet idutS

nasaupek irad amatu nimreted halada iridnes uti naajrekep .ajrek snahtuL

( 6002 : 442 nakapurem naajrekep utaus irad isi awhab nakataynem )

nasaupek irad rebmus .ajrek nes uti naajrekep irad kilab napmU nad irid

nagned nakgnubuhid gnay lah aud halada imonoto itom rotkaf v .isa

mumu araceS nakatakid tapad naajrekep awhab - najrekep gnay

namagarakenaek kaynab ikilimem naka beynem a nakb .ajrek nasaupek

nad namagarakenaek nakrawanem kadit gnay naajrekep aynkilabeS

nanasobek nakatpicnem naka nagnatnat gnay nawayrak adap

.sserts naklubminem naka aynrihka adap gnay natukgnasreb

.c isomorP gnauleP

gnauleP isomorp iaynupmem kapmad adap k nasaupe .ajrek isomorP

takgnit ek gnay hibel utaus malad iggnit isasinagro aynasaib

nakbabeynem nahaburep fitisop malad ,nasawagnep isi naajrekep

.ijag nad isasinagro malad ayntakgnit iggnit hibel gnay naajrekeP


91

b irebmem aynasai ajrekep bel hi hibel gnay ajrek sagut ,sabeb

.iggnit hibel gnay ijag nad ,gnatnanem

nahaburep halada isomorp awhab nakataynem )901 :5002( tajikeoM

ek hadner hibel ayntakgnit gnay naajrekep utaus irad nasagunep

sinagro malad iggnit hibel ayntakgnit gnay nial naajrekep naajrekeP .isa

gnay urab tubesret halada utaus nakirebmem gnay naajrekep

nahabmat malad narayabmep nad sutats k adape gnaroes nawayrak

gnuggnat uata napakacek malad aynnataraysrep kaynab hibel nad

.aynbawaj

snibboR 271 :6991( ) awhab nakatagnem nakirebmem isomorp

natapmesek kutnu nahubmutrep ,idabirp hibel gnuggnatreb nad bawaj

.laisos sutats naktakgninem nakasarem gnay udividni uti anerak helO

nasaupek irad utas halas nakapurem isomorp napatetek aynada

.aynaajrekep nahtuL natapmesek awhab nakatagnem )342 : 6002( s

.isasinagro utaus malad ujam kutnu natapmesek halada isomorp

.d ajreK nakeR

rebmus halada ajrekes namet nagned amas ajrek nad natabahasreP

nasaupek ajrek araces gnarO .laudividni iakuynem aynada

natapmesek b aracibre nagned gnay aynnial libmas nad ajrekeb

akerem kadit hasipret araces akerem anamid naajrekep iakuynem

nagned gnay .aynnial aguj ajrek kopmoleK ihunemem metsis


02

.ajrekep padahret laisos nagnukud gnarO gnires nakanuggnem namet

iagabes .narubih uata isaripsa rulaynep

( snahtuL 6002 : 542 ) nakataynem k awhab iaynupmem gnay kopmole

natareek takgnit gnay gnurednec iggnit nakbabeynem ajrekep arap

,kopmolek malad adareb saup hibel nasaupek uti lubmit amaturet

takreb ayngnaruk ,nagnagetek ayngnaruk nasamecek malad

,kopmolek nad k anera akerem hibel upmam irid nakiauseynem

nanaket nagned p .”naajrekep huragne

.e ajreK isidnoK

isidnoK gnay ajrek namayn ,nama nad kiranem akij atpicret

nagnukgnil nad nama ajrek ratikes id tahes narutagnep nataigeK .

narutagnep pukacnem tahes gnay ajrek nagnukgnil ,gnisib araus

uhus nad nababmelek ,ajrek tapmet nagnarenep nanayalep ,aradu

naanuggnep ,nawayrak nahutubek naarahilemep ,anraw nahisrebek

nagnukgnil nad naaideynep iagabreb satilisaf gnay nakhutubid itrepes

,cw gnaur .hadabi tapmet nad naiakap itnag )542 : 6002( snahtuL

nad hisreb aynlasim ,sugab ajrek isidnok akij awhab nakatagnem

hadum hibel naka udividni uata gnaroeses ,kiranem aynnagnukgnil

kurub ajrek isidnok akij aynkilabeS .akerem naajrekep nakiaseleynem

nay nagnukgnil uata sanap aradu itrepes hibel naka nawayrak ,gnsisib g

.naajrekep nakiaseleynem tilus


12

3 ajreK nasaupeK aynihunepreT kadiT iraD tabikA .

nasaupkaditeK nawayrak naahasurep uata isasinagro utaus malad tapad

nakataynid malad halmujes aynlasim ,arac hutap kadit ,hulegnem ,

nem isasinagro uata naahasurep kilim gnarab uruc nad nakkalegnem

naigabes irad ajrek bawaj gnuggnat akerem .)801 : 6002 ,snibboR(

1.II rabmaG nasaupkaditek padahreT nawayraK nopseR

tabikA

TIXE ARAUS kasureM gnukudneM

)fitkurtseD( )fitkurtsnoK( IABAGNEP NA NAAITESEK fisaP isrevortnoK ,pesnoK : isasinagrO ukalireP 701 :6002 .snibboR : rebmuS

.isakilpA nad isakidnI aynnurunem nasaupek ajrek ulrep iuhatekid inides nikgnum

.aynniaseleynep nalaj iracid tapad raga halajeg tahilret aliB - itrepes halajeg

isnesba ,tagnames apnat ajrekeb nawayrak gnay nakapurem takgninem

.nawayrak ajrek nasaupek aynnurunem irad halajeg utaus

rabmaG id sata nakrabmaggnem tapme nopser gnay adebreb utas amas

gnajnapes nial ,isnemid aud utiay iskurtsed/iskurtsnok ad n .fisap/fitka


22

: 6002( snibboR nasaupkaditek padahret nopser nakrabmaggnem )801

: tukireb iagabes

.a gnay ukalirep halai )raulek( tixE naklaggninem haraek nakharaid

atnimem nupuam urab isisop utaus nairacnep pukacnem isasinagro

.itnehreb

.b nad fitka ukalirep halai arauS ikiabrepmem abocnem fitkurtsnok

melborp sahabmem ,nakiabrep naras pukacneM .isidnok - nagned melborp

b aparebeb nad ,nasata .hurub takires nataigek kutne

.c isidnok uggnunem simitpo ipat fisap gnay ukalirep halai naaiteseK

ek kitirk ipadahgnem isasinagro alebmem aracibreb pukacnem ,kiabmem

raul nad iayacrepmem kutnu aynnemejanam atres isasinagro

.tapet gnay lah nakukalem

.d gneP naiaba nakraibmem fisap araces halai ,kurubmem isidnok

mret a kus narikgnamek uata ignarukid gnay ayapu ,sinork araces gnatad

kek takgnit nad e .takgninem gnay nauril

.C hadniP kutnu nanignieK

.1 hadnipreb nanignieK isinifeD

G malad( 2891 nrodeulB turuneM adliH helo pitukid gnay )la te tnar

k awhab nakatagnem anosuhaN nanignie halada hadnip kutnu

gnaroes anamid takgnit uata nagnurednecek nawayrak ikilimem

nanikgnumek kutnu em naklaggnin isasinagro .


32

nakidajid tapad hadnip kutnu nanignieK halajeg lawa aynidajret

.revonrut 91( noslebA )78 gnay pitukid helo inidnA atiR )11 : 6002(

iagabes tubesret lah nakrabmaggnem m ,raulek kutnu narikip e iracn

nanigniek atres ,nial tapmet id naajrekep naklaggninem .isasinagro

nakgnadeS boM l : 6991( ye )31 nakataynem hadnipreb nanigniek awhab

)noitnetni revonrut( s atoggna iagabes udividni aynitnehreb halada utau

iatresid nagned isasinagro nairebmep nalabmi nagnauek helo isasinagro

.natukgnasreb gnay

nakitraid tapad hadnipreb nanigniek mumu araces sata id isinifed iraD

ni nanigniek iagabes iracnem nad isasinagro naklaggninem kutnu udivid

.nial tapmet id naajrekep fitanretla

.2 hadnipreB nanignieK ihuragnepmeM gnaY rotkaF

isakifitnedignem naahasurep raseb naigabeS irad amatu babeynep

ijag aynada anerak nawayrak kusam raulek akgna ayniggnit kadit gnay

nagned itukiid ini laH .nial naahasurep nagned nakgnidnabid fititepmok

tagnames aynhadner kadit ,ajrek tapmet id ajrek natapmesek aynada

irid adap umej asar aynada nad ,kurub gnay isakinumok ,ujam kutnu

.nawayrak kusamret asib nasala hadner hibel gnay isisop takgnit malaD

,kiab pukuc kat gnay rudesorp ,kurub gnay ajrek nagnukgnil aynada

nad ,kurub gnay nawayrak naturkerep ketkarp gnay nagnutnuek tekap

kiranem kadit : 7991 ,gnisnerG( nawayrak igab .)141


42

aM turuneM ( oyotr 402 : 0002 ) nawayrak babeynep awhab nakataynem

:tukireb iagabes nasala anerak halada ajrek hadnip raulek

.a .saguT nairebmeP natapetkaditeK

kococ gnaruk asarem ,naabocnep asam asam adap aynsusuhk ,nawayraK

abocnep asam adap nakirebid gnay sagut nagned aggnihes ,tubesret na

id aynnagnabmekrep ada nikgnum naka kat aynnagnabmitrep turunem

.naped asam

.b kasedneM nasalA

uata ajrek hadnip nawayrak nakbabeynem gnay kasednem nasalA

: halada ajrekeb itnehreb atnimem

- em aynutkaw adap nakirebid kadit ijag uata hapU nupiks

nawayrak ajrekeb halet d .kiab nagne

- gnay nabijawek nakialalem isasinagro/naahasurep nanipmiP

.nawayrak nagned iujutesid hadus

- ataynret nawayrak adapek naksagutid gnay naajrekep aliB

.aynirid natamalesek nakayahabmem tapad

- rep helorepmem nawayraK kadit araces aynnanipmip naukal

.iwaisunam

- .urab nanipmip kaloneM

adeS nakgn ( aromamiS turunem 4002 : 054 ) awhab nakataynem

nasala gnilap gnires halada irid narudnugnep kutnu naktapadnem

hibel gnay nagnajnut nad ijag .kiab : 2002( otonraH turuneM )2


52

ataynem ak n af awhab k rot - rotkaf gnay ihuragnepmem nawayrak

; tukireb iagabes halada naahasurep irad raulek kutnu

.a takgninem gnay isnesbA

.b ajrekeb salam ialuM

.c ajrek pitret atat naraggnalep padahret natakgnineP

.d setorp natakgnineP .nawayrak padahret

.e .aynasaib irad adebreb tagnas gnay fitisop ukalireP

.D uluhadreT naitileneP

iuhategnem kutnu naujutreb uluhadret naitilenep gnatnet akatsup naijaK

naitilenep nagned aynmulebes nakukalid hanrep gnay naitilenep aratna nagnubuh

id naka gnay lisah nalupmisek nakirebmem naka itilenep ini awabiD .nakukal

naitilenep gnay nakukalid hanrep gnay naitileneP : nakukalid hanrep helo atiR

inidnA 002( 6 “ luduj nagned ) SISILANA HURAGNEP ,IJAG NASAUPEK

LANOISASISAGRO NEMTIMOK ,AJREK NASAUPEK PADAHRET

NOITNETNI REVONRUT adap susak idutS( ” inameoR tikaS hamuR

gnarameS hayidamahuM .) margorp nagned MES nakanuggnem atad sisilanA

.SOMA tapadid gnay isamitse retemarap lisah helorepid naijugnep lisah iraD

hgnem hadnipreb nanigniek nagned ijag nasaupek aratna = RC ialin naklisa -

RC tarays ihunemem ini ialin anam id 803,4 %5 isnakifingis takgnit adap 0,2 ≥

.50,0 < tarays ihunemem 000,0 = P ialid nad naitilenep lisaH ini aguj

fitagen huragnep ada awhab nakujnunem nanigniek padahret ajrek nasaupek

nay hadnipreb g :RC ialin naklisahgnem - ini ialin anam id 578,4 ihunemem


62

tarays RC 0,2 ≥ takgnit adap 000,0 = p ialin nad %5 isnakifingis ihunemem

.50,0 < tarays naklupmisid naikimed nagneD awhab utiay ,itkubret ini sisetopih

nasaupek isnemid nasaupek nad ijag huragnepreb ajrek fitagen araces

nahurulesek padahret nanigniek ajrek nasaupek huragnep aynadA .hadnipreb

gnay irad iridret nad satifitaerk ,ajrek naker ,ajrek isidnok ,nairidnamek

nenopmok atres isomorp p tabikareb naka aynnial nanigniek aynhadner ada

atres gnarakes ajrekeb ai tapmet isasinagro naklaggninem kutnu nawayrak

.nial isasinagro adap naajrekep iracnem naka udividni nanikgnumek

.E akgnareK lautpetsnoK naitileneP

gnarek malad nakijasid ini naitilenep malad sisilana ledoM adap rikipreb ak

.2.II rabmag

rikipreB akgnareK .2.II rabmaG

)2 :2002( onotraH rebmuS

AJREK NASAUPEK : aynnenopmoK

.1 adap nasaupeK ti krow - fles

.2 ijag/hapu adap nasaupeK

.3 isomorp gnaulep adap nasaupeK

.4 ajrek naker adap nasaupeK

.5 ajrek isidnok adap nasaupeK

NANIGNIEKHADNIPREB


72

.F nasumuR sisetopiH

)93 : 5002( onoyiguS turuneM naitregnep sisetopih halada naitilenep

naitilenep sisetopiH“ : tukireb iagabes padahret aratnemes nabawaj nakapurem

nasumur halasam utaus adap nakatakiD .naitilenep nabawaj anerak aratnemes

atkaf adap nakrasadid urab nakirebid gnay - iulalem helorepid gnay siripme atkaf

.”atad nalupmugnep

nakrasadreB akgnarek narikimep gnay nakakumekid akam ,sata id

: tukireb iagabes halada ini naitilenep malad sisetopih

.1 W ti kro – fles )iridnes uti naajrekeP(

uata serts/nanasobek naklubminem gnadak nakukalid gnay naajrekeP

asaib - kaynab nad nakukalid tilus uti naajrekep idaj asib nakhab ajas asaib

nad nahunejek naklubminem tapad aggnihes kisif nanahatek tutnunem

.nanasobek iraD gnatnet iduts kitsiretkarak iuhatekid ,naajrekep tafis awhab

naajrekep irad uti iridnes .ajrek nasaupek irad amatu nimreted halada

eW itukid gnay )3991( kluY nad yelx anosuhaN adliH helo p )11 :4002(

isnemid 5 isakifitnedignem jrekep iretam irad itni magar itupilem gnay naa

nalipmartek )yteirav lliks( ( ajrek satitnedi , )itnedi ksat , naajrekep naitrarebek

)ecnacifingis ksat( imonoto , )ymonotuo( nad , kilab napmu .)kcab deef( suartS

.G nad )41 :0991( selyaS gnaro“ ,awhab nakataynem naajrekep iakuynem -

paggnaid gnay naajrekep esitserpreb nupilakes ,mumu takaraysam helo

naajrekep irad kepsa kaynab gnay tubesret nakumejnem nad ,naklabeynem


82

aynkilabes naajrekep iakuynem kadit akerem - aynsutats gnay naajrekep

.”hadner

htuL sna ( 6002 : 442 ) naajrekep utaus irad isi awhab nakataynem nakapurem

.ajrek nasaupek irad rebmus nad iridnes uti naajrekep irad kilab napmU

imonoto .isavitom rotkaf nagned nakgnubuhid gnay lah aud halada aparebeB

naajrekep irad gnitnep gnilap nenopmok gnay naksaumem gnukudid helo

naitilenep naajrekep kusamret gnay gnay nad kiranem ,gnatnanem

nad ,naknasobmem kadit gnay naajrekep .sutats irebmem gnay naajrekep

naajrekep awhab nakatakid tapad mumu araceS - ikilimem gnay naajrekep

agarakenaek kaynab nagneD .ajrek nasaupek nakbabeynem naka nam

iradnihgnem alup tapad naikimed nad hadnipreb kutnu nawayrak nanigniek

kadit gnay naajrekep aynkilabeS .nial tapmet id naajrekep iracnem

nakrawanem nad namagarakenaek nanasobek nakatpicnem naka nagnatnat

adap nawayrak gnay natukgnasreb gnay adap aynrihka naka

lubminem nak nad sserts naksutumem kutnu hadnipreb iracnem naajrekep

.nial tapmet id

nakrasadreB malad nakujaid gnay sisetopih akam ,sata id naiaru naitilenep

: halada ini

H1 : naajrekep padahret nawayrak nasaupek takgnit iggnit nikameS

.hadnipreb kutnu nanigniek hadner nikames akam iridnes uti


92

.2 ijaG/hapU

araganukgnaM )58 :0002( ijag“ ,nakataynem nakapurem gnau gnay

adapek nakrayabid araces nakirebid gnay aynnanayalep sata iawagep

.”nanalub ijaG halada kaf irad gnitnep rot nasaupek anerak ajrek

.pudih nahutubek iagabreb ihunemem kutnu tala nakapurem gnaroeS

nawayrak gnadnamem ijag iagabes ata naahasurep nakirebid gnay kilab s

k isubirtno .naahasurep adapek nakireb akerem gnay

okodnaH ( 002 8 : 161 ) gnipmasid ,nakataynem akam ,nalidaek halasam

nakitahrepid ulrep nahapugnep malad asib nakayaleK .nakayalek rusnu

nagned nakgnidnabid naahasurep adap nahapugnep - gnay naahasurep .nial

arep nakanuggnem nagned aguj asib uatA hapu gnatnet hatniremep narut .

mumu araceS nasaupek hapu/ijag padahret tapad nakitraid awhab

nad ijag padahret ispesrep akitek aynijag nagned naksaupret tapad gnaroeses

nagned iauses helorep akerem gnay apa gnaroes aliB .nakparahid gnay

naka ai ,aynamiretid gnay hapu/ijag nagned saup asarem halet nawayrak

nad ajrekeb malad namayn nad saup asarem iracnem ahasureb naka kadit

fitanretla naajrekep gnay nawayrak aynkilabeS .aynnial saup kadit asarem

nagned g hapu/ija gnay kutnu ahasureb naka ai akam ,aynamietid

.aynnial naajrekep fitanretla nakrikimem

nakrasadreB akam sata id naiaru malad nakujaid gnay sisetopih naitilenep

: halada ini


03

H2 iggnit nikameS : takgnit ahret nasaupek helo nakasarid gnay ijag pad

.hadnipreb kutnu nanigniek hadner nikames akam nawayrak

.3 isomorP gnauleP

pukuc gnay isomorp gnauleP kapmad nakirebmem naka raseb

adap nikameS .naahasurep raulek nawayrak hagecnem kutnu naahasurep

raseb gnaulep nawayrak nanikgnumek licek nikames akam isomorp

raulek naklaggninem gnay nawayrak kaynab ini amaleS .naahasurep

tapad kutnu nanikgnumek aynlicek rotkaf anerak aynutas halas ,naahasurep

gnay isomorp natapmesek anerak gnabmekreb .licek nawayrak helorepid

aP lahad nagned aynada gnaulep isomorp nawayrak tapad naktakgninem

malaD .aynisasnepmok nad bawaj gnuggnat ,nagnanewek ,laisos sutats

nad nakididnep takgnit iggnit nikames ,aynnaataynek ajrekep lanoiseforp

nakukalem ai nanikgnumek iggnit nikames nagned laisos nagnidnabrep

gnaro - gnaro gnay ayniseforp amas id isasinagro raul . akiJ gnay natabaj

gnarakes ada huaj irad hapu uata aynnaparah nakirebid gnay helo

isasinagro malad ukalreb gnay hapu irad hadner hibel kutnu takaraysam

pit utaus ,naajrekep e kutnu nakrikimem naka nawayrak arap iracnem

id urab naajrekep .nial tapmet gnaroeS nawayrak naka aguj nakgnidnabmem

namet hapu nagned aynhapu atres aynaynnatabaj - malad aynajrek namet

isasinagro nad yelxeW( amas gnay 3991 ,lkuY ).


13

nakrasadreB naiaru id sata akam sisetopih gnay nakujaid malad

: halada ini naitilenep

H3 iggnit nikameS : takgnit gnay isomorp gnaulep padahret nasaupek

nakasarid helo nawayrak nanigniek hadner nikames akam

.hadnipreb kutnu

.4 ajreK nakeR

malaD ajrekeb radekes aynah kadit nawayrak uata ajrekep gnaroes

iracnem ,hakfan kutnu nahutubek iaynupmem aguj akerem ipatet

iskaretnireb naklubminem naka ini iskaretnI .nial gnay ajrekep nagned laisos

nasaupek utas gnay ajrekep aratna alibapa ajrek nial gnay ajrekep nagned

ikilimem ,hamar gnay ajrek naker aynlasim ,kiab gnay nagnubuh tapadret

pakiS .kapmok nad isnarelot - ajrek naker irad nakgnaneynem gnay pakis

tubesret naka isafitomem akerem aguj nad kiab hibel ajrekeb kutnu

narepreb malad nem naklubmi nasaupek aynmumU .ajrek nasaupek asar

tapad ,hamar pakisreb nasata alibapa nawayrak helorepid naka ajrek

nakirebmem nad nawayrak tapadnep nakragnednem uam ,imahamem

naagrahgnep sata naajrekep ,akerem itrepes naijup kutnu gnay ajrenik

kiab ,snibboR( )311 : 6002

nakasadreB naiaru sata id sisetopih akam naitilenep malad nakujaid gnay

: halada ini


23

H4 padahret nawayrak nakasarid gnay nasaupek iggnit nikameS :

.hadnipreb kutnu nanigniek licek nikames akam aynajrek naker

.5 eK isidnoK ajr

kutnu gnitnep tagnas naahasurep utaus malad ajrek isidnoK

.nakitahrepid naiapacneP isiv nad isim naahasurep tapad kadit

nakanaskalid araces fitkefe ajrek isidnok nagned gnukudid kadit anamalib

gnay namayn .nakgnaneynem uata ajrek isidnoK naadaek“ halada

tapmet uata nagnukgnil tapad gnay ajrekeb malad nawayrak gnaroeses

ihuragnepmem malad nad kisif isidnok itupilem gnay ,ajrek tagnames

.)381:0002 ,otimesitiN( ”kisif non isidnok rotkaf nupadA - gnay rotkaf

malad ajrek isidnok ihuragnepmem s utau isasinagro uata naahasurep

alada h nagnukgnil“ gnay aradu narakutrep ,pukuc gnay nagnarenep ,hisreb

nanimaj ,kiab gnay ,nanamaek padahret takgnit ,nagnisibek nagnubuh ajrek

.)381:0002 ,otimesitiN( ”sinomrah gnay nawayrak raseb naigabeS hibel

gnay ajrek tapmet iakuynem fitaler nagned taked adareb ,aynlaggnit tapmet

gnay satilisaf malad fitaler nad hisreb d nad ,nredom e nad natalarep nagn

)211 : 6002 : ,snibboR( iadamem gnay napakgnelrep

namayn nad kiab gnay ajrek isidnok ,mumu araceS naka nakirebmem

nasaupek ajrek nad gnorodnem nawayrak gnanes nad ajrekeb

naktakgninem bawaj gnuggnat kutnu nakukalem naajrekep gnay hibel

.sativitkudorp natakgninep hara ek ujunem kiab tapad naikimed nagneD


33

hagecnem nanigniek nawayrak kutnu iracnem fitanretla naajrekep nagned

.naksaumem hibel huaj gnay ajrek isidnok

nakrasadreB naiaru id sata akam sisetopih gnay nakujaid malad

naitilenep : halada ini

H5 : iggnit nikameS takgnit nawayrak nakasarid gnay nasaupek

padahret nanigniek hadner nikames akam ajrek isidnok kutnu

.hadnipreb


34

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.A aitileneP sineJ n

dutS .susak iduts nad akatsup iduts halada nakukalid gnay naitilenep sineJ i

nagned nagnubuhes atad naklupmugnem utiay ,lawa hakgnal iagabes akatsup

ukub naklupmugnem nad kipot - helorepmem kutnu isnerefer nakidajid gnay ukub

ayntujnales hakgnaL .atad sisilanagnem arac nad iroet nasadnal atad halada

iduts susak adap USR raM atnaS aynah aynnaitilenep lisah anamid ,gnalameP ai

irad helorepid gnay nalupmiseK .itiletid gnay keybo nad keybus adap ukalreb

.naitilenep tapmet id itiletid gnay susak adap ukalreb aynah ini naitilenep

.B naitileneP keybO nad keybuS

.1 naitileneP keybuS

halada naitilenep keybuS gnaro - irebmep iagabes kadnitreb gnay gnaro

gnay ini naitilenep malaD .naitilenep nagned nagnubuhreb gnay isamrofni

naitilenep keybus idajnem nawayrak halada USR .gnalameP airaM atnaS

.2 naitilenep keybO

halada naitilenep keybO lebairav - kokop naitahrep idajnem gnay lebairev

malaD .naitilenep malad naitilenep keybo idajnem gnay ini naitilenep

nasaupek takgnit halada ajrek nawayrak hadnipreb nanigniek nad

adap nawayrak USR .gnalameP airaM atnaS


53

.C naitileneP utkaW nad tapmeT

.1 naitileneP tapmeT

airaM atnaS )USR( mumU tikaS hamuR id nakukalid naitilenep tapmeT

.gnalameP

.2 naitileneP utkaW

aitilenep utkaW nalub nakanaskalid n nad rebmetpeS 2102 rebotkO

.D naitileneP lebairaV

iguS y 2102( ono : ada naitilenep lebairav nakisinifednem )2 alages hal

irajalepid kutnu itilenep helo nakpatetid gnay ajas apa kutnebreb gnay utaues

kiratid naidumek ,tubesret lah gnatnet isamrofni helorepid aggnihes

: utiay lebairav aud tapadret ini naitilenep malaD .aynnalupmisek

.1 nednepednI lebairaV

,rotkiderp ,sulumits lebairav tubesid gnires ini lebairaV .tnednecetna

gnires gnay lebairav utiay )X( sabeb lebairav aguj tubesid ini lebairaV

ihuragnepmem uata naksalejnem naka gnay nahaburep babes idajnem

alop malad id nedneped lebairav fitagen nupuam fitisop araces

lenep malad )X( sabeb lebairav idajnem gnaY .aynnagnubuh ini naiti

: halada

)1 X1 = nasaupeK adap ti krow - fles

)2 X2 = ijag adap nasaupeK

)3 X3 = isomorp gnaulep adap nasaupeK


63

)4 X4 = ajrek naker adap nasaupeK

)5 X5 = ajrek isidnok adap nasaupeK

.2 nednepeD lebairaV

lebairav tubesid gnires ini lebairaV tuptuo eukesnok ,airetirk , uatA .n

gnay uata ihuragnepid gnay lebairav utiay )Y( takiret lebairav tubesid

lebairav ini naitilenep malaD .sabeb lebairav aynada irad tabika idajnem

: halada ayntakiret

= Y hadnipreB nanignieK

.E lanoisarepO isinifeD

padahret udividni gnaroeses mumu pakis halada ajrek nasaupeK

narajnag aynkaynab aratna hisiles ,aynnaajrekep gnay amiretid gnaroes

ajrekep nad amiret akerem aynsurahes inikay akerem gnay aynkaynab

6002 ,snibboR( 3 : 1 .)

naitregnep iradnihgnem kutnU gnay lebairav irad adebreb gnay

nakanugid malad naitilenep ,ini akam ulrep taubid nasatab uata isinifed

gnisam irad - : tukireb iagabes lebairav gnisam

.1 padahret nasaupeK ti kroW - fles nasaupek halada )iridnes uti naajrekep(

sagut padahret ,gnaroeses helo nakukalid gnay naajrekep isi ,naajrekep

,naupmamek iauses ,kiranem ,naksaumem gnay nemele ikilimem hakapa

upmam aggnihes nawayrak ikilimid gnay nailhaek uata nalipmartek

gnorodnem nawayrak kutnu amirenem gnuggnat bawaj aklisahgnem nad n


73

kiab gnay ajrenik 1 :6002 ,snibboR( 50 .) rotakidnI - nasaupek rotakidni

: halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay iridnes uti naajrekep padahret

- naajrekep sineJ

- ikilimid gnay nailhaek nad ,nalipmartek ,naupmameK

- .bawaj gnuggnat

.2 nasaupeK padahret halada hapu /ijag nasaupek laisnanif nalabmi padahret

nad amiretid gnay natabaj nagned nadapes gnay nalabmi iagabes gnadnapid

irad tabika iagabes gnaroeses amiretid gnay narayab halmuj ,naajrekep

nakasarid nad nahutubek iauses hakapa ,ajrek naanaskalep .lida rotakidnI -

malad nakanugid gnay hapu /ijag padahret nasaupek lebairav irad rotakidni

halada ini naititilenep :

- .bawaj gnuggnat nad naajrekep nagned ijag naiausesek

- .ijag naalolegnep nad rutkurts

- .ijag radnats naiausesek

.3 p padahret nasaupeK natapmesek padahret nasaupek halada isomorp gnaule

aynada nakasarem tapad gnaroeseS .isasinagro malad ujam kutnu

rotakidnI .kadit uata natabaj kian kutnu raseb gnay nanikgnumek -

:halada aynrotakidni

- lawdaj iulalem takgnap nakianeK

- erpreb gnay nawayraK isats

- nahitalep nad nakididneP


83

.4 nasaupeK padahret naker ajrek halada nasaupek padahret namet - namet

naanaskalep malad iskaretnireb asaitnanes gnaroeses apais adapek

tagnas aynajrek naker nakasarem tapad gnaroeseS .naajrekep

ini naitilenep malad rotakidnI .nakgnaneynem kadit uata nakgnaneynem

:halada

- gna ratna iayacrepmem nad gnukudnem gnilaS kopmolek atog

- ajrek nagnukgnil malad atoggna ratna kiab nagnubuh aynadA

- tapad gnay namalagnep nad edi ,tapadnep naadebrep satisnetnI

.kilfnok nakbabeynem

.5 naiakgnares padahret nasaupek halada ajrek isidnok padahret nasaupeK

ukgnil naadaek uata isidnok idajnem gnay naahasurep utaus irad ajrek nagn

.tubesret nagnukgnil malad id ajrekeb gnay nawayrak arap ajrek tapmet

nad namayn utiay kiab gnay ajrek isidnok halada inis id duskamid gnaY

nagned aynsativitka naknalajnem tapad kutnu ajrekep arap gnukudnem

iab rotakidnI .k - gnay ajrek isidnok adap nasaupek lebairav irad rotakidni

rotkaf irad libmaid ini naitilenep malad nakanugid - gnay rotkaf

rotakidnI .)381 :0002( otimesitiN turunem ajrek isidnok ihuragnepmem -

:halada tubesret rotakidni

- rutarepmet( kisif isidnoK ,aradu isalukris ,aradu nababmelek ,

.)anraw narutagnep ,sinakem narateg ,nagnisibek ,naayahacnep


93

- uata idabirp tafiseb gnay naasarep uata isavirp( sigolokisp isidnok

gnaur isakol halmujes nagned nakgnubuhid gnay sutats ,kopmolek

awagnep halmujes nad ajrek .)ajrek nagnukgnil uata s

- isidnoK s ajrek metsis itrepes ajrek irah adap utkaw rutkurts( aratneme

.)ajrek lawdaj ,ajrek irah halmuj ,tfis

.4 raulek kutnu )nawayrak( gnaroeses nanigniek halada hadnipreb nanignieK

fitanretla iracnem nad ajrekeb ai tapmet irad uatauS .nial naajrekep

irid malad ada gnay tain apureb aynah ,itsap muleb gnay nakadnit

ajrekeb ai tapmet isasinagro naklaggninem kutnu )nawayrak( gnaroeses

.kiab hibel aynturunem gnay nial naajrekep fitanretla iracnem nad ini taas

rotakidnI - alad rotakidni halada naitilenep m :

- naklaggninem/raulek kutnu rikipreb nagnurednecek aynada

.isasinagro

- nial ajrek tapmet fitanretla aynaidesreT

- malad isasinagro naklaggninem kutnu udividni nanikgnumeK

taked utkaw

- sinagro naklggninem kutnu udividni nanikgnumeK ada alib isa

.kiab hibel gnay natapmesek

- ada alib isasinagro naklaggninem kutnu udividni nanikgnumeK

.raseb hibel ijag irebmem gnay nial naahasurep irad narawat

tukireB :naitilenep lebairav lanoisarepo isinifed lebat nakijasid


04

lebaT nad ajreK nasaupeK K nanignie B hadnipre

oN

lebairaV

rotakidnI

alakS

1

adap nasaupeKti krow - fles

.1 naajrekep sineJ

.2 gnay nailhaek nad naupmameKikilimid

.3 bawaj gnuggnaT

trekiL

2

ijag adap nasaupeK

.1 nagned ijag naiaueseK naajrekep .2 nad rutkurtS naalolegnep

ijag .3 radnats naiauseseK ijag

trekiL

3

adap nasaupeKisomorP gnauleP

.1 iulalem takgnap nakianeKlawdaj

.2 isatserpreb gnay nawayraK .2 .3 nad nakididneP .3 nahitaleP

trekiL

4

adap nasaupeKajreK nakeR

.1 nad gnukudnem gnilaS ratna iayacrepmem atoggna

kopmolek .2 ratna kiab nagnubuh aynadA

ajrek nagnukgnil malad atoggna .3 ,tapadnep naadebrep satisnetnI

tapad gnay namalagnep nad ,edikilfnok nakbabeynem

trekiL

5 adap nasaupeKajreK isidnoK

.1 kisif isidnoK

.2 sigolokisp isidnoK

.3 aratnemes isidnoK

trekiL

nanignieK

.1 udividni nagnurednecek aynadA .1 naklaggninem kutnu rikipreb

.isasinagro .2 tapmet fitanretla aynaidesreT .2

nial ajrek

trekiL


14

6 hadnipreB .3 kutnu udividni nanikgnumeK .3 malad isasinagro naklaggninem

.taked utkaw .4 kutnu udividni nanikgnumeK.4

ada alib isasinagro naklaggninem .kiab hibel gnay natapmesek

.5 kutnu udividni nanikgnumeK .5 alibapa isasinagro naklagginem nial naahasurep irad narawat ada

,raseb hibel ijag irebmem gnay

iraD gnisam - nisam g ,lebairav rotakidni halada aynmalad id kusamret -

naaynatrep paites sata nabawaj ialin nakutnetid ,naksalejid halet gnay rotakidni

nakanugid trekil alakS .trekil alaks nakanuggnem nagned renoisiuk malad

adnep ,pakis rukugnem kutnu tap nad ispesrep uata gnaroeses gnaro kopmolek

,onoyiguS( laisos anemonef gnatnet .)68 :5002 gnisaM - nabawaj gnisam

nakgnologid halet tubesret tobob uata roks irebid nad irogetak tapme malad ek

: tukireb iagabes irebid larteN ,4 roks irebid ujuteS ,5 roks irebid ujuteS tagnaS

diT ,3 roks .1 roks irebid ujuteS kadiT tagnaS nad 2 roks irebid ujuteS ka

.F lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 isalupoP

keybus nad keybo sata iridret gnay isasilareneg hayaliw halada isalupoP

itilenep nakpatetid gnay utnetret kitsiretkarak nad satilauk ikilimem gnay

irajalepid kutnu id naidumek nad 2102 ,onoyiguS( nalupmisek kirat : 16 .)

nawayrak aumes halada ini naitilenep malad isalupoP id ajrekeb gnay USR

airaM atnaS gnalameP halmujreb gnay 872 gnaro .nawayrak


24

.2 lepmaS

helo ikilimid gnay kitsiretkarak nad halmuj irad naigabes halada lepmaS

isalupop tubesret 02 ,onoiguS( 21 : 26 halada ini naitilenep irad lepmaS .)

02 laminim aisu airetirk nagned nakutnetid halet gnay isalupop irad tegrat

laminim ajrek asam ,nuhat 1 d ,nuhat nawayrak idajnem hadus laminim na

.patet gnaY malad lepmas idajnem naitilenep tawarep aganet halada ini

.gnaro 07 kaynabes nadib nad

: utiay nivolS sumur nakanuggnem lepmas nalibmagneP

= n 2)(1 eNN

………… .……… : 3002 ,ramU niesuH( )021

: anamiD

lepmas narukU = n

isalupoP narukU = N

e gnolek nesrep( naknigniid gnay sitirk ialiN = g naitiletkaditek nara

)lepmas nalibmagnep nahalasek anerak

= n2)1,0(8721

872

=87,3872

445,37 =

)hawab ek nakt

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PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI · P rodi Manajem en Uni ver sit as Sanata Dh arma te mpat saya me nim ba ilmu PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI. v UNUVERSIT AS S