DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

DAFTAR ISI.......................................................................................................ivDAFTAR GAMBAR..........................................................................................vDAFTAR GRAFIK............................................................................................ viDAFTAR SINGKATAN DAN LAMBANG.....................................................viiBAB I. PENDAHULUAN

1.1. Latar Belakang...........................................................................11.2. Rumusan Masalah......................................................................41.3. Tujuan Penelitian

1.3.1. Tujuan Umum...............................................................41.3.2. Tujuan Khusus..............................................................4

1.4. Manfaat Penelitian.................................................................5BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1. Karsinoma Bronkogenik........................................................62.1.1. Definisi.........................................................................62.1.2. Epidemiologi................................................................62.1.3. Faktor Risiko................................................................82.1.4. Jenis Sel........................................................................152.1.5. Patogenesis................................................................... 22

2.2. Kerangka Teori....................................................................... 26BAB III. KERANGKA KONSEPTUAL DAN HIPOTESIS

PENELITIAN3.1. Kerangka Konseptual Peneltian...........................................273.2. Hipotesis Penelitian..............................................................28

BAB IV. METODE PENELITIAN4.1. Rancangan Penelitian...........................................................294.2. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian................................................294.3. Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian...........................................29

4.3.1. Populasi......................................................................294.3.2. Sampel........................................................................29

4.3.2.1 Kriteria Inklusi................................................29 4.3.2.2 Kriteria Eksklusi..............................................304.4. Variabel Penelitian dan Definisi Operasional......................30

4.4.1. Variabel Penelitian......................................................304.4.2. Definisi Operasional...................................................30

4.5. Prosedur Pengumpulan Data................................................344.6. Cara Pengolahan dan Analisis Data.....................................34

4.6.1. Pengolahan Data........................................................344.6.2. Analisis Data.............................................................35

DAFTAR PUSTAKA.........................................................................................37

iv

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman

Gambar 2.1 Small Cell Lung Cancer…..……………......................................17Gambar 2.2 Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa..............................................................18Gambar 2.3 Poorly Differentiated (Non-Keratinizing) SCC............................19Gambar 2.4 Adenokarsinoma............................................................................20Gambar 2.5 Karsinoma Adenoskuamosa..........................................................21Gambar 2.6 Large Cell Carcinoma...................................................................22Gambar 3.1 Kerangka Konseptual Perbedaan Jenis Sel Karsinoma

Bronkogenik pada Perokok dan Bukan Perokok..........................31

v

DAFTAR GRAFIK

Halaman

Grafik 2.1 10 Besar Kanker Tersering di RS Kanker Dharmais........................7

vi

DAFTAR SINGKATAN DAN LAMBANG

PDPI : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia

WHO : World Health Organization

IARC : International Agency for Research on Cancer

DHNCC : Dharmais Hospital National Cancer Center

PPM : Pemberantasan Penyakit Menular

PL : Penyehatan Lingkungan

CDC : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

IASLC : International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer

SCC : Squamous Cell Carcinoma

vii