Anatomi Saraf Perifer
dr. Zuraini, Sp.SFK UNIMAL
Susunan Saraf Perifer• Saraf Kranialis
1. N. olfaktorius2. N. Optikus3. N. Okkulomotorius4. N. Trochearis5. N. Trigeminus6. N. Abucen7. N. Fascialis8. N. Akustikus/Vestibulocochlearis9. N. Glossopharyngeus10. N. Vagus11. N. Accesoreus12. N. Hypoglossus
• Saraf Spinalis– S. Cervialis (8)– S. Thoracalis (12)– S. Lumbalis (5)– S. Sakralis (5)– S. Coccygeus (1)
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1. N. Olfaktorius, N. Optikus, N. Akustikus/ Vestibulocochlearis saraf sensoris
2. N. Trigeminus, N. Fascialis, N. Glossopharyngeus, N. Vagus saraf sensoris & motoris
3. N. Okkulomotorius, N. Trochearis, N. Abducen, N. Accesorius hypoglossus saraf motoris
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Fungsi saraf kranial
CN I: Olfactory Nerves• Sensory nerves of smell
CN II: Optic Nerve• Sensory nerve of vision
CN III: Oculomotor Nerve• Innervates four of the extrinsic eye
muscles
CN IV: Trochlear Nerve
• Innervates an extrinsic eye muscle
CN V: Trigeminal Nerve• Provides sensory innervation to the face– Motor innervation to chewing muscles
CN VI: Abducens Nerve
• Abducts the eyeball
CN VII: Facial Nerve• Innervates muscles of facial expression• Sensory innervation of face• Taste
CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear Nerve• Sensory nerve of hearing and balance
CN IX: Glossopharyngeal Nerve• Sensory and motor innervation of structures of the tongue
and pharynx• Taste
CN X: Vagus Nerve
• A mixed sensory and motor nerve
• Main parasympathetic nerve– “Wanders” into
thorax and abdomen
CN XI: Accessory Nerve• An accessory part of the vagus nerve• Somatic motor function of pharynx, larynx, neck
muscles
CN XII: Hypoglossal Nerve• Runs inferior to the tongue– Innervates the tongue muscles
Disorders of the PNS: Shingles• Shingles (herpes
zoster) – Viral infection– Stems from
childhood chicken pox
– Often brought on by stress
– Mostly experienced by those over 50
Disorders of the PNS: Migraine Headache• Migraine headache– Relates to sensory innervation of cerebral
arteries– Arteries dilate– Compresses and irritates sensory nerve
endings
Disorders of the PNS: Myasthenia Gravis• Myasthenia gravis – Progressive weakening of the skeletal muscles– An autoimmune disorder– Antibodies destroy acetylcholine receptors
Ptosis due to weakness of eyelid muscles
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Saraf spinal
• BENTUK TABUNG• PANJANG 40 – 45 cm• MULAI FORAMEN
MEGNUM SAMPAI VERT. LUMBAL 1 – 2
• BGN YG LEBAR DISEBUT INTUMESENSIA (CERVICAL & LUMBAL)
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• Serabut motoris berasal dari sel2 besar kolumna grisea anterior medula spinalis
• Serabut sensoris berasal dari sel2 unipolar didlm ganglion spinalis pada radik dorsalis
• Serabut simpatetik segmen thorakal & lumbal seluruh tubuh, viscera, pembuluh darah, kelenjar & otot polos
• Serabut parasimpatetik dari 3 nervus sakralis di tengah organ viscera dlm pelvis & abdomen bawah
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Persarafan segmental kulit
• Daerah kulit yg dipersarafi oleh saraf spinal tunggal & suatu segmen tunggal medula spinalis atau radik posterior atau saraf spinal dermatoma
• Penting bg dokter menentukan apakah fungsi sensorik dari suatu saraf spinal tt atau segmen medula spinalis normal atau tidak..
• Test jarum / kapas
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Plexus Saraf Tepi• Plexus cervicalis (C1 – C4)• Plexus brachialis (C5,6,7,8 serta T1)– Nervus musculocutaneous (C5,6)– Nervus axillaris (C5,6)– Nervus radialis (C6,7,8 & T1)– Nervus medianus (C6,7,8 & T1)– Nervus ulnaris (C8, T1)
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• Nervus thoracalis• Plexus lumbalis– nervus femoralis (L2 – 4)– nervus obturatorius (L2 – 4)
• Plexus sacralis– nervus ischiadicus (L4,5 & S1 – 3)– nervus pereneus communis (L4,5 & S1,2)– nervus tibialis (L4,5 & S1 – 3)
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Plexus pudendus & coccygeus
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