SMART GRIDS Ashrudeepak

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Introductiony Conventional grids- An electrical grid is an interconnected

network for delivering electricity from suppliers toconsumers.

-the generation-the transmission

-the distribution

y Smart Grids - encompasses grid infrastructure as well as

communication and metering technologies .Reliably connects to distributed renewable generations;

increases the efficiency and capacity of the overall grid.

Two-way digital technology.

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Conventional grids

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The Seven Characteristicsy Enables and motivates active participation by

consumersy Accommodates all generation and energystorage

optionsy Enables new products, services and marketsy Provides the quality of power required for the digital

computer and communication based economyy Operates efficiently and optimizes the utilization of

existing and new assetsy Anticipates and responds to system disturbances in a

self-healing mannery Operates resiliently against attack and natural disaster

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Smart grid

FEATURES

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1. Load control at residential customer

level

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2. Demand responseDemand response refers to mechanisms to manage the

customer demands in response to supply conditions.

y Shed loads in response to a utility request

y Shed loads in response to market prices

y On-site generation to reduce the demand

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The Five Key Technology Areas

y Integrated communications to allow everypart of thegrid to both talk and listen

y Sensing and measurement technologies, to supportfaster and more accurate response

y Advanced components, to apply the latest research insuperconductivity, power electronics, storage anddiagnostics

y Advanced control methods for monitoring, diagnosing,and addressing any event

y Improved interfaces and decision support enhancehuman decision-making

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Contd..

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Contd..

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Metering technologies

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Contd..

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Contd..

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Contd..

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Contd..

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Intelligent power delivery system

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Gri fri ly a lia c (GFA)

c tr ll rGFA is a controller that senses grid conditions bymonitoring frequency.

If a disturbance is detected, the GFA controller willrespond by shedding load.

Example:

A GFA-enabled dryer would turn off the heatingelement but the tumbler would keep turning,resulting in 80-90% load reduction.Appliances are typically turned off for 1-2Minutes.

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Chart of Total Customer Complaints before and after Smart Grid

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Utilities of smart grid-y 20% of Indian electricity from wind in 2030 would

create 500,000 gross jobs and $450 billion in economic

impact.y Reduce carbon dioxide emissions by up to 25%.

y Reduces electrical energy consumption by 5-10%, andreduces the cost of power-related disturbances to

business by 87%.y Transmission networks- generally operated from345kV to 800kV over AC and DC lines.

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Conclusion-y Enable new energy concepts such as real-time pricing, load shedding,

consumption management, cost savings from peak load reduction, costsavings from energy efficiency, integration of plug-in hybrid electricvehicles for grid energy storage, and the integration of distributedgeneration such as photovoltaic systems and wind turbines.

y Smart grid makes distributed generation more practical throughdemand management.

y Deployment of many new technologies and multiple communicationinfrastructures.

y Improves the power quality.

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References-y 1. L. Boloni, D. C. Marinescu, J. R. Rice, P. Tsompanopoulu, and E. A. Vavalis. Agent-Based

Scientific Simulation and Modeling. Concurrency Practice and Expe- rience, Vol. 12, pp. 845-861,

2000.

y 2. L. Boloni, K. K. Jun, K. Palacz, R. Sion, and D. C. Marinescu. The Bond Agent System and

Applications. In Agent Systems, Mobile Agents, and Applications,

y 3. A. Borgia and T. Murata. Tolerating Exceptions in Works: a United Frame - work for Data and

Processes. In Proc. Int. Joint Conference on Work Activities, Coordination and Collaboration (WAC-

99), D. Georgeakopoulos, W. Prinz, and A. L. Wolf, editors, pp. 59{68, ACM Press, New York, 1999.

y 4. M. Humphrey and M. Thompson. Security Implications of Typical Grid Computing Usage

Scenarios. Global Grid Forum document GFD-I.12, October 2000.

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THANK YOUTHANK YOU

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SMART GRIDS Ashrudeepak