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Respuestas al capítulo 1

Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

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Page 1: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Respuestas al capítulo 1

Page 2: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Pretérito e imperfecto

• Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses.

– PAST

Page 3: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Pretérito (-AR Verbs)

É

ARON

AMOS

Ó

ASTE

Page 4: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Pretérito (-ER/-IR Verbs)

Í

IERON

IMOS

ISTE

Page 5: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Imperfecto (-AR Verbs)

ABA

ABAN

ÁBAMOS

ABA

ABAS

Page 6: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Imperfecto (-ER/-IR Verbs)

ÍA

ÍAN

ÍAMOS

ÍA

ÍAS

Page 7: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Uses of the preterite:

• Talk about something that happened:– ON A SPECFIC OCCASION OR A SPECIFIC

NUMBER OF TIMES.– IN A SEQUENCE OF EVENTS.– FOR A SPECIFIC PERIOD OF TIME, EVEN

IF IT HAPPENED REPEATEDLY.

Page 8: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Uses of the Imperfect:

• WHAT USED TO HAPPEN FOR AN UNSPECIFIED PERIOD OF TIME.

• WHAT PEOPLE, PLACES, OR THINGS WERE GENERALLY LIKE OR TO DESCRIBE THE SETTING.

• HOW SOMEONE FELT OR WHAT HE/SHE LIKED/DISLIKED.

• WEATHER• TIME• DESCRIPTION• CON –ANDO/-IENDO

Page 9: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Complete the following stories by using the correct form of the preterite or imperfect forms of the verbs in parentheses.

• Cuando ___ niña, me ___ (gustar) celebrar el Día de la Independencia.

– ERA– GUSTABA

• Después de desayunar, mi familia y yo ___ (ir) al desfile en el centro.

– FUIMOS• Luego, nosotros ___ (encontrarse) con nuestros parientes en la

casa de mis abuelos. – NOS ENCONTRAMOS

• Yo _____ (divertirse) siempre porque ____ (poder) jugar con mis primos.

– ME DIVERTÍA– PODÍA

• Nosotros ___ (nadar) en la piscina y ___ (jugar) con nuestros juguetes.

– NADÁBAMOS– JUGÁBAMOS

• Siempre ___ (haber) mucho de comer: tacos, ensaladas, frutas y muchos pasteles.

– HABÍA

Page 10: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

• Una vez nosotros le ____ (dar) una sorpresa a abuelito. – DIMOS

• Después de la cena, cuando ______ (ser) de noche, toda mi familia ____ (ir) al parque donde algunos amigos de mi padre ____ (lanzar) fuegos artificiales.

– ERA– FUE– LANZABAN

• Ellos ____ (hacer) mucho ruido y mis primos menores ____ (empezar) a llorar.

– HACÍAN– EMPEZARON

• Después de volver a casa, mi familia le _____ (dar) un pastel de cumpleaños a mi abuelito.

– DIO• Todos nosotros le ____ (cantar).

– CANTAMOS• Luego, él ___ (apagar) las velas y ___ (abrir) sus regalos.

– APAGÓ– ABRIÓ

Page 11: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

SER

SOY

SON

SOMOS

ES

ERES

Page 12: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

ESTAR

ESTOY

ESTÁN

ESTAMOS

ESTÁ

ESTÁS

Page 13: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Ser is used:

• TO DESCRIBE OR IDENTIFY PEOPLE, PLACES, OR THINGS.

• TO TELL TIME.

• TO SAY WHAT SOMEONE’S PROFESSION IS.

• TO TALK ABOUT NATIONALITY AND ORIGIN.

Page 14: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Estar is used:

• TO SAY WHERE SOMETHING OR SOMEONE IS LOCATED.

• TO DESCRIBE PHYSICAL CONDITIONS, EMOTIONS OR FEELINGS, OR HOW SOMETHING TASTES.

• WITH THE PRESENT PARTICIPLE (-ANDO/-IENDO)

• “No matter how you feel or where you are, always use the verb estar.”

Page 15: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

¿SER O ESTAR?• Me llamo Roberto Sánchez Torres. Mi familia va

a España para vacaciones. Ahora nosotros ____ en la escuela porque ___ primavera.

– ESTAMOS– ES

• Yo tengo quince años y tres hermanos. Mi perro ___ grande y feo.

– ES• Él ___ perezoso también.

– ES• Nosotros tenemos muchos primos. Ellos no van

a España con nosotros porque ellos ___ ocupados.

– ESTÁN

Page 16: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

• Yo ____ baja y tengo el pelo castaño.– SOY

• Yo ____ hija única, pero tengo muchos amigos.

– SOY• Mis primos _____ altos y _____ estudiando

para ser abogados. – SON– ESTÁN

• Ellos ____ deportistas. – SON

• Ellos ____ de México pero _______ en España para vacaciones.

– SON– ESTÁN

Page 17: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

• __ las tres. – SON

• Hoy ____ sábado. – ES

• __ el dos de febrero. – ES

• Ella ___ de Perú y ___ médica. – ES– ES

• Ella __ estudiando en la universidad. – ESTÁ

• Sus padres ___ en Florida, pero ella ____ en casa. – ESTÁN– ESTÁ

• Ella ___ de Guatemala. – ES

Page 18: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

– Andrea _____ en la universidad.• ESTÁ

– El señor ____ programador.• ES

– Mi esposo _____ enfermo hoy.• ESTÁ

– ___ la una.• ES

– Hoy ____ lunes.• ES

– Ella ____ chilena.• ES

– La pluma ______ de Arturo y ___ de plástico.

• ES• ES

– Francisco _____ el novio de Katrina.

• ES– ____ importante practicar

cada día.• ES

– La chica ____ alegre.• ESTÁ

– Ellos ______ rubios.• SON

Page 19: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD– Subjunctive is used to express ____ and ____.

• HOPES• WISHES

– Verbs like: _____, _____, and ______ are some verbs we worked with.

• ESPERAR• PREFERIR• RECOMENDAR

– In order to have the subjunctive, you must have _____, _____, QUE ____, _____.

• SUBJECT 1• VERB 1• QUE• SUBJECT 2• VERB 2

Page 20: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

– Some other verbs that give advice or show opinions like: ____, ______, _____, _____, ______, ____ also use the subjunctive.

• ES MEJOR QUE• ES BUENA IDEA QUE• ES IMPORTANTE QUE• ACOSENJAR QUE• RECOMENDAR QUE• SUGERIR QUE

– Three steps to form the verb in the subjunctive:• PRESENT TENSE YO FORM• DROP O• OPPOSITE ENDINGS

Page 21: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

LOS IRREGULARES

• HAYA-HABER

• VAYA-IR

• SEPA-SABER

• SEA-SER

• DÉ-DAR

• ESTÉ-ESTAR

Page 22: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

– The subjunctive is used when there is a ____ in subject from the main clause and the second clause.

• CHANGE

– When there is no change in subject, an ____ follows the verb in the main clause.

• INFINITIVE

Page 23: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

• Yo espero que ella _____ (hacer) la tarea.– HAGA

• Ellos sugieren que tú _____ (ir) a la playa.– VAYAS

• Es importante que ellos ____ (usar) la computadora.– USEN

• Es buena idea que ella ____ (saber) la verdad.– SEPA

• Mis padres me recomiendan que ______ (salir) temprano.– SALGA

• Srta. Windt quiere que los estudiantes ______ (estudiar) cada día.– ESTUDIEN

• Ella prefiere que nosotros ____ (salir).– SALGAMOS

• Es mejor que ella ____ (comer) las verduras.– COMA

• Te aconsejo que ____ (caminar) más rápidamente.– CAMINES

Page 24: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

DIRECT OBJECTS

• ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:– WHO?– WHAT?

LO

LAS

LOS

LA

Page 25: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

INDIRECT OBJECTS

ME

LES

NOS

LE

TE

•ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:

•TO WHOM?

•FOR WHOM?

Page 26: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

– Steps:• Go to your verb and ask the questions.• Figure out what you are replacing.• Look at your chart and see what you would replace

it with.• Put these _____ your verb.

– IN FRONT OF

• Indirect Object Pronouns go _____ Direct Object Pronouns.– BEFORE

• Remember you can’t ___, you MUST ____.– LE LO– SE LO

Page 27: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

USE A DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN

• Miguel pregunta la información. – MIGUEL LA PREGUNTA

• Eduardo construye el avión.– EDUDARDO LO CONSTRUYE.

• Angelica bebe la limonada. – ANGELICA LA BEBE.

Page 28: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

DO & IO

• Juanita escribe una carta a su hermano. – JUANITA SE LA ESCRIBE.

• Yo estoy leyendo el libro a los chicos. – YO SE LO ESTOY LEYENDO.– YO ESTOY LEYENDÓSELO.

• Estás diciendo la verdad a ellos. – SE LA ESTÁS DICIENDO.

• Ellos están diciendo la verdad a nosotros.– ELLOS NOS LA ESTÁN DICIENDO.

Page 29: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

PALABRAS NEGATIVAS• Nadie:

– NO ONE/NO BODY

• Nunca:– NEVER

• Nada:– NOTHING

• Tampoco:– NEITHER

• Ni…Ni – NEITHER…NOR

Page 30: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

– Hacer + Time can also be used to describe how long ago an event or situation took place. Hace dos años, fui a Florida. (Two years ago, I went to Florida.) Hace tres semanas, visité a mi abuela. (I visited my grandmother three weeks ago.)

• Write the following in Spanish.– I have been dancing for 3 years.

» HACE 3 AÑOS QUE BAILO.– You have been drawing for 7 years.

» HACE 7 AÑOS QUE TÚ DIBUJAS.– She visited her family 2 weeks ago.

» HACE 2 SEMANAS QUE ELLA VISITÓ A SU FAMILIA.– We haven’t gone to Mexico in 4 months.

» HACE 4 MESES QUE NOSOTROS NO FUIMOS A MÉXICO.

– The boys studied two days ago.» HACE 2 DÍAS QUE LOS CHICOS ESTUDIARON.

Page 31: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Vamos a

capítulo 2

Page 32: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

oImperfect is used to talk about ____ events. oPAST

oIt tells:oWHAT ONE USED TO DOoHOW THINGS USED TO BEoWHAT HAPPENED IN GENERAL.

Page 33: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Terminaciones-AR Verbs

ABAABAABAABA

ABANABANABANABAN

ÁBAMOSÁBAMOSÁBAMOSÁBAMOS

ABAABAABAABA

ABASABASABASABAS

Page 34: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Terminaciones-ER/-IR Verbs

ÍAÍAÍAÍA

ÍANÍANÍANÍAN

ÍAMOSÍAMOSÍAMOSÍAMOS

ÍAÍAÍAÍA

ÍASÍASÍASÍAS

Page 35: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Los Irregulares

IR-IBA

SER-ERA

VER-VEÍA

Page 36: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Expresiones Comunes

oImperfect is often used with the expressions:oMUCHAS VECESoA VECESo(CASI) SIEMPREoTODOS LOS AÑOS/DÍAS

Page 37: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Mi mejor amigo/tomar clases de piano

MI MEJOR AMIGO TOMABA CLASES DE PIANO.

Mi hermano/hacer windsurf

MI HERMANO HACÍA WINDSURF.

Mis amigos y yo/ver dibujos animados en la tele

MIS AMIGOS Y YO VEÍAMOS DIBUJOS ANIMADOS EN LA TELE.

Tú/jugar al béisbol

TÚ JUGABAS AL BÉISBOL.

Mis primos/montar en bicicleta

MIS PRIMOS MONTABAN EN BICICLETA.

Mi madre/coleccionar animales de peluche

MI MADRE COLECCIONABA ANIMALES DE PELUCHE.

Page 38: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Ir + A + Infinitive

o This translates to: _____________o “WAS GOING TO...”

o Write that the following people were going to do the following things:

They were going to leave.

ELLOS IBAN A SALIR.

We were going to skate.

NOSOTROS ÍBAMOS A

PATINAR.

I was going to cook.

YO IBA A

COCINAR.

You were going to read.

TÚ IBAS A LEER.

She was going to study.

ELLA IBA A

ESTUDIAR.

Page 39: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Nosotros Commands

o You form nosotros commands by taking

the _______

o PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

NOSOTROS FORM

o The verb “IR” is the only irregular

affirmative command:

o VAMOS

o Write nosotros commands for the

following:

Let’s leave:

SALGAMOS

Let’s eat:

COMAMOS

Let’s not organize:

NO ORGANICEMOS

Let’s give:

DEMOS

Let’s arrive:

LLEGUEMOS

Let’s play (an instrument):

TOQUEMOS

Let’s play:

JUGUEMOS

Page 40: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Direct object pronouns

LASLASLASLAS

LOSLOSLOSLOS

LALALALA

LOLOLOLO

Page 41: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Indirect object pronouns

LELELELE

NOSNOSNOSNOS

TETETETE

MEMEMEME

LESLESLESLES

Page 42: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

oWhich goes first: direct or indirect:

oINDIRECT

oIs “le la” correct?

oNO; SE LA

Page 43: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Mis padres van a dar el regalo a mí.

MIS PADRES ME LO VAN A DAR.

MIS PADRES VAN A DARMELO.

Mi hermano nunca presta sus discos compactos a mi hermana.

MI HERMANO NUNCA SE LOS PRESTA.

La profesora pidió la tarea.

LA PROFESORA LA PIDIÓ.

Ellos escriben una carta.

ELLOS LA ESCRIBEN.

Yo estoy escribiendo un libro.

YO LO ESTOY ESCRIBIENDO.

YO ESTOY ESCRIBIÉNDOLO.

Page 44: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Pagué cuarenta dólares al cajero.

LE PAGUÉ CUARENTA DÓLARES.

Mis tíos regalaron la bicicleta a mi primo.

MIS TÍOS SE LA REGALARON.

Mis tíos enviaron fotos a mi familia y a mí.

MIS TÍOS NOS LAS ENVIARON.

MIS TÍOS NOS LAS ENVIARON.

Mi mejor amiga dejó la nota para ti.

MI MEJOR AMIGA TE LA DEJÓ.

Page 45: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

o Indicative talks about _______, whereas the subjunctive talks about ______, or _______.o WHAT ISo WHAT SHOULD BEo WHAT PEOPLE THINK/FEEL ABOUT WHAT IS

o Subjunctive is used to talk about what is not. It is used after expressions like _____, ______ when the person or thing referred to is nonexistent.o NO HAY NADIE QUEo NO HAY NADA QUE

o In other situations, the speaker doesn’t know what is. He or she may be looking for someone or something with certain qualities, without having anyone or anything particular in mind. This has unknown characteristics, therefore, we use the ______.o SUBJUNCTIVE

Subjunctive with the Subjunctive with the unknown or nonexistentunknown or nonexistent

Page 46: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

¿Conoces a una persona que (está/esté) de buen humor? ESTÉ

Tengo un novio que (guarda/guarde) mis secretos. GUARDA

No hay nada que me (alegra/alegre) más que la amistad. ALEGRE

Quiero confiar en alguien que (puede/pueda) resolver mis problemas.

PUEDA Mi hermano quiere una novia que no (es/sea) chismosa.

SEA Cristina es muy graciosa; no hay chiste que no

(sabe/sepa). SEPA

No conozco a nadie que (confía/confíe) completamente en ella.

CONFÍE

Page 47: Respuestas al capítulo 1. Pretérito e imperfecto Preterite and imperfect both talk about the ____________________. However, they have very different uses

Subjunctive with expressions or feelings

o Some expressions of feelings that are followed by the subjunctive include: me gusta que, me molesta que, me frustra que, me sorprende que, me preocupa que, siento que and me irrita que.

o If the clause states a fact or BELIEF, the indicative is used. If there is no change in subject, an infinitive is used.

o Write 5 sentences using the subjunctive with expressions of feelings:o ¿VOLUNTARIOS?

o Write 2 sentences using the indicative.o ¿VOLUNTARIOS?

o Write 2 sentences using an infinitive.o ¿VOLUNTARIOS?