SECTION A: 20 OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS [20 MARKS]Answer all questionsJawab semua soalan

1. The statement below shows the cell organization in a multicellular organism.Kenyataan di bawah menunjukkan organisasi sel dalam organisma multisel.

Which of the following is represented by X?Yang manakah mewakili X?A Cartilage RawanB Stomach Perot C Skin Kulit D Bone Tulang

2. The following information refers to organelle YMaklumat berikut merujuk kepada organel Y

A NucleusB Golgi bodyC Rough endoplasmic reticulumD Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

3. Diagram 1 shows a process carried out by an Amoeba sp. Rajah 1 menunjukkan proses yang dijalankan oleh Amoeba sp.

Name the process shown?Namakan proses tersebut?A Binary fission Belahan deduaB Phagocytosis Fagositosis C Diffusion Resapan D Osmoregulation Pengosmokawalaturan

4. Which of the following organelles is not correctly matched to its function?Antara organel berikut tidak dipadankan dengan betul dengan fungsinya?A Lysosome-digestion of macromolecules Lisosom – pencernaan makromolekulB Nucleus- control of cellular activities Nucleus – pusat kawalan aktiviti selC Ribosome- synthesis of proteins Ribosom - sintesis proteinD Rough endoplasmic reticulum- synthesis lipid

Jalinan endoplasma kasar – sintesis lipid

5. The blood glucose level is regulated by

theParas glukosa darah dikawal olehI Digestive system Sistem pencernaanII Circulatory system Sistem peredaran darahIII Endocrine system Sistem endokrinIV Excretory system Sistem perkumuhanA I and II onlyB III and IV onlyC I, II and III onlyD II, III and IV only

6. Which of the following pairs of tissues and functions are correct?Antara pasangan berikut tisu dan fungsi adalah betul?A I and III onlyB II and IV onlyC I, II and IV onlyD I, II, III and IV

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• It has ribosomes attached to the membrane Mempunyai ribosom yang melekat pada membrane • Its functions is to transport protein that are synthesized at the ribosomesBerfungsi untuk mengangkut protein yang disintesis di ribosom

7. The tissue that lines the internal organs is theTisu yang melapisi organ dalaman ialah

A Nerve cell Tisu sarafB Epithelial tissue Tisu epitelialC Connective tissue Tisu penghubungD Muscle tissue Tisu otot

8. Which organelle is involved in the formation of spindle fibers?Organel manakah yang terlibat dalam pembentukan gentian gelendong?A Tonoplast TonoplasB Nucleus NukleusC Ribosome RibosomD Centriole Sentriol

9. The characteristics of organelle P are listed below:Ciri-ciri organel P adalah seperti berikut:

Small spherical sacKantung kecil berbentuk sfera

Contains hydrolytic enzymesMengandungi enzim hidrolitik

Enzymes break-down worn out organellesEnzim memecahkan organel yang lusuh

What is organelle P?Apakah organel P?

A Nucleus NukleasB Ribosome RibosomC Lysosome

LisosomD Chloroplast Kloroplas

10. Which organelle is found abundantly in skeletal muscle tissue?Organel manakah yang terdapat dengan banyak dalam tisu otot rangka?A Mitochondria MitokondriaB Lysosome LisosomC Golgi apparatus Jasad golgiD Centriol Sentriol

11. Which of the following enzymes cannot be synthesized if the rough endoplasmic reticulum is absent?Antara enzim berikut, yang manakah tidak dapat disintesis jika jalinan endoplasma kasar tidak hadir?I Extracellular enzymes Enzim luar selII Hydrolytic enzymes in lysosomes Enzim hidrolisis dalam lisosomIII Intracellular enzymes Enzim dalam selIV Steroid hormones Hormon steroidA I and II I dan IIB I and III I dan IIIC II and IV II dan IVD III and IV III dan IV

12. The movement of molecules across the plasma membrane depends onPergerakan bahan merentasi plasma membrane bergantung kepadaI the solubility of the molecules in lipid Keterlarutan bahan dalam lipidII the shape of molecules Bentuk molekul

III the polarity of the molecules3

Kepolaran molekulIV the size of molecules Saiz molekulA I and III onlyB III and IVC I, III and IVD I and II

13. Which of the following terms explain a process of water movement from a hypothonic solution to a hypertonic solution through a semi-permeable membrane?Antara terma berikut menjelaskan proses pergerakan air daripada larutan hipotonik kepada larutan hipertonik melalui membran separa telap?A OsmosisB DifusionC Active transportD Passive transport

14. The structure labelled X in Diagram 3 is known as Struktur berlabel X dalam rajah 3 ialah

A Cholesterol KolesterolB Pore protein Protein liangC Phospholipid Fosfolipid D Carrier protein Protein pembawa

15. The Figure 4 is an experiment to show the movement of water through a membrane.Rajah 4 adalah satu eksperimen untuk menunjukkan pergerakan air melalui membran.

At the end of the experiment, the water level in the glass tube will rise becauseDi akhir eksperimen, paras air di dalam tuib kaca akan naik kerana

A glucose solution flowed out of the visking tubing.Larutan glukosa mengalir keluar dari tiub viskingB water goes into the visking tubing

Air meresap masuk ke dalam tiub visking

C air goes into the visking tubing. Angin masuk ke dalam tiub viskingD the atmospheric pressure causes the water level to rise. Tekanan atmosfera menyebabkan paras air meningkat

16. The figure 3 shows a plant cell that has been immersed into 30% sucrose solution.Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan yang telah direndam ke dalam larutan sukrosa 30%

Which of the following shows the changes of the cell?Yang manakah antara berikut menunjukkan perubahan sel?I The cell is plasmolysed Sel mengalami plasmolisisII The plasma membrane is detached from the cell wall

membrane plasma menjauhi dinding sel

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III The vacuole in the cell is filled with 30% sucrose solution. Vakoul di dalam sel dipenuhi dengan 30% larutan sukrosaIV The space between the plasma membrane and the cell wall is filled with 30% sucrose solution Ruang antara membrane plasma dan dinding sel dipenuhi dengan 30% larutan sukrosa

A I and II onlyB II and IV onlyC I, II and IV onlyD II, III and IV only

17. The graph shows the changes of the length of the potato slices in different solutions.Graf menunjukkan perubahan panjang hirisan kentang dalam larutan yang berbeza.

Which curves labelled A, B, C and D shows the changes of the length of the slices which were placed in distilled water?Yang manakah lengkung berlabel A, B, C dan D menunjukkan perubahan panjang hirisan yang diletakkan di dalam air suling?

18. Diagram 6 shows a type of fresh water unicellular organism.Rajah 6 menunjukkan sejenis organisma unisel air tawar

What structure will help to maintain the osmotic concentration of the body?

Struktur yang manakah yang membantu dalam mengekalkan kepekatan osmotik dalam badan?A KB LC MD N

19. The information refers to a condition of a red blood cell after being immersed in a solution.Maklumat merujuk kepada keadaan sel darah merah setelah direndam di dalam larutan.

What process experienced by the red blood cell?Apakah proses yang dialami oleh sel darah merah?A Crenation Krenasi B Haemolysis Hemolysis C Plasmolysis PlasmolisisD Deplasmolysis Deplasmolisis

20. A gardener uses mangrove soil to plant a herbaceous plants. After a few days, he found that the plant wilted. What should the gardener do to prevent the plant from wilting?Seorang tukang kebun menggunakan tanah dari kawasan paya bakau untuk menanam tumbuhan herba. Selepas beberapa hari, dia mendapati tumbuhan itu layu. Apakah yang harus tukang kebun buat untuk mengelakkan tumbuhan herba daripada layu?A Add fertilizer to the soil Menambah baja ke dalam tanahB Add more water to the soil Menambah lebih banyak air ke dalam tanahC Add clay to the soil Menambah tanah liat ke dalam tanahD To increase aeration by digging the soil

Meningkatkan pengudaraan dengan menggembur tanah

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Answer sheet for section A

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

SECTION B: 3 STRUCTURE QUESTIONS [25 MARKS]

1. Diagram 1 shows the generalized ultrastructure of an animal cell, XRajah 1 menunjukkan ultrastruktur umum sel haiwan, X

Diagram 1a) Name the structures labelled P, Q, R and S.

Namakan struktur berlabel P, Q, R dan SP: _____________________________________ R: ___________________________________

Q: _____________________________________ S:____________________________________

[4 marks]b) State one function of Q and R.

Berikan satu fungsi Q dan R.Q: ___________________________________________________________________________

` R: ___________________________________________________________________________

[2 marks]

c) State 3 differences between between cell X and a Hydrilla cell.Berikan 3 perbezaan antara sel X dan sel Hydrilla

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[3 marks]d) Suggest why pancreatic cells contain many organelle S.

Cadangkan mengapa sel-sel pankreas mengandungi banyak organel S.

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[2 marks]

2. Diagram 2 shows a cellular component which is found in palisade mesophyll cells of a leaf. Rajah 2 menunjukkan komponen sel yang terdapat dalam sel-sel mesofil palisad daun.

Diagram 2

a) (i) name the cellular component in Diagram 2. Namakan komponen sel dalam rajah 2.

__________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(ii) On Diagram 2, name P and Q. [2 marks]

b) (i) On Diagram, draw arrow () to show the movement of oxygen across the cellular component during day time. Pada rajah 2 di atas, lukiskan anak panah () untuk menunjukkan pergerakan oksigen merentasi komponen sel semasa waktu siang.

[1 mark]

3. Diagram 3 shows two strips of mustard green stem after 20 minutes immersed into two different solutions P and Q

Rajah 3 menunjukkan dua jalur hijau batang sawi selepas 20 minit direndam di dalam dua larutan yang berbeza P dan Q

Diagram 3

a) Based on the diagram 3Berdasarkan rajah 3 (i) state the type of solution Q nyatakan jenis larutan Q

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[1 mark]

(ii) Explain how the solution Q affects the condition of the cells in the strip that have been immersed.

Terangkan bagaimana larutan Q mempengaruhi keadaan sel didalam jalur setelah direndam.

___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

[3 marks]

(iii) If strip from the solution Q is transferred into solution P, explain what will happen to the cells in the strip after 20minutes.Sekiranya jalur dari larutan Q dipindahkan ke dalam larutan P, terangkan apakah yang akan berlaku kepada sel – sel di dalam jalur selepas 20minit.

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[3 marks]

b) Diagram 3.1 shows the red blood cells in different concentrations of solutions.

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan sel darah merah di dalam larutan yang berbeza kepekatan.

Diagram 3.1

Explain the differences between the process experienced by the red blood cell X and Y after being immersed for half an hour.Terangkan perbezaan antara proses yang dialami oleh sel darah merah X dan Y setelah direndam selama setengah jam.

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[3 marks]

SECTION C: 1 ESSAY QUESTIONS [15 MARKS]

1. Diagram 1 shows cells from five different tissues. Rajah1 menunjukkan sel-sel daripada lima tisu yang berbeza.

Diagram 1

Name tissues I, II, III, IV and V. State two functions for each of the named tissues. Namakan tisu I, II, III, IV dan V. Nyatakan dua fungsi untuk setiap tisu yang dinamakan.

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[15 marks]

Answer sheet Mac 2012

SECTION A

No Answer No Answer No Answer1 A 8 C 15 D2 C 9 A 16 A3 B 10 C 17 C4 D 11 B 18 A5 C 12 C 19 B6 A 13 A 20 C7 B 14 C 21 A

22 D

SECTION B

Item No. Scoring Criteria Marks Remark1 a) P: centriole Q: plasma membrane R: golgi apparatus

S: mitochondria4m 4m

b) Q: acts as a selectively permeable membrane and regulates the movement of substances into or out of cellR: it produces lysosomes containing hydrolytic enzymes

1

1

2m

c) 1. Cell X has no cell wall whereas Hydrilla cell does2. cell X has no chloroplast whereas there are chloroplast present in Hydrilla cell3. cell X has no larger vacuole whereas Hydrilla has4. Centriole is present in cell X whereas there are none of either in Hydrilla cell

111

3m

d) mitochondria are numerous in cells with a high level of anabolic reactions. Secretion of extracellular enzyme is an active process and requires ATP produced by mitochondria

11

2m

2 a)(i) Plasma membrane 1 1m (ii) P : phospholipid bilayer

Q : carrier protein11

2m

b)(i) Arrow from inside the cell to outside the cell, pass through phospholipid bilayer

1 1m

(ii) -photosynthesis occurs in the cell to produce O2-O2 diffuses from higher concentration to low concentration region- O2 is non polar molecule/small molecule-O2 diffuses through phospholipid bilayerAny three

111

3m

c) (i) - plasma membrane is pushed against cell wall- distilled water is hypotonic to the cell sap// the cell sap is hypertonic to distilled water - water molecules diffuse into the cell by osmosis- cell expand//swell up

11

11

4m

(ii)

1

1

2m

3 (i) P- LipaseQ- Fat molecule/FatR- Enzyme-substrate complexS- Fatty acid and glycerol

1111

4m

(ii) 1. P works on specific substrates molecules2. P remains unchanged at the end of the reaction

11

2m

(b)(i) “Lock and key” hypothesis 1 1m

(ii) In “Lock and key” hypothesis on enzyme reaction- The substrate fits into the active site of the enzyme/Various types of bonds hold the substrate in the active site to form an enzyme-substrate complex.- The enzyme then converts the substrate to products.(The products leave the enzyme)

1

1

2m

(c) Used in ripening of cheese//To break down fat in meat 1

(d) No products are produced- For most enzyme, denaturation occurs at about 60° C- The high temperature breaks the bonds that forms the protein structure.- The active site loses its shape and fails to fit the substrate.(any 1 answer)

1

1

2m

4 a) (i) Isotonic solution 1 (ii) -30% sucrose solution /solution in beaker Q is hypertonic to the cell

sap-water molecules diffuses out of the cell by osmosis-both cytoplasm and vacuole shrink// plasma membrane is pulled away from rigid cell wall//the cell becomes flaccid//plasmolysis occursAny two

11

2m

(iii) -distilled water/solution in beaker P is hypotonic compared to the cell sap- water molecules diffuses into of the cell by osmosis- central vacuole expand and swell up- flaccid cell becomes fully turgid again- the cells is said to have undergone deplasmolysis

1

1

1

3m

b) c) - Fruits/mangoes is immersed in vinegar which has low pH/ acidic

- vinegar diffuses into the tissues of the mangoes/fruits- the tissues of mangoes /fruit becomes acidic- the low pH prevent the growth of microorganism in the tissues/mangoes/fruits- this prevent decay of fruits/mangoes//fruits/mangoes can preserve

11

1

3m

longer

SECTION CItem No. Scoring Criteria Marks Remark1 (a)(i) • The process shown in diagram 6.1 is simple diffusion.

• At the beginning of the experiment the base of the beaker has a high concentration of potassium permanganate(VII) whereas in the distilled water, the concentration of potassium permanganate(VII) is low.• There is concentration gradient between the potassium permanganate(VII) at the base of the beaker with the distilled water at the top.• The diffusion of potassium permanganate(VII) molecules will occur from the region of high concentration to low concentration, which is in accordance to the concentration gradient to achieve equilibrium of concentration.• Hence, at the end of the experiment, the purple colour of potassium permanganate(VII) can be seen throughout the water in the beaker because the potassium permanganate molecules have moved by simple diffusion to a regionof low concentration of potassium permanganate(VII).

11

1

1

1

4m

(ii) Fresh milk• Pasteurisation is a method of preservation of milk.• Fresh milk is heated to 63°C for 30 minutes and then cooled instantly.• Or milk is heated to 72°C for 15 seconds and then cooled instantly.• The method of preservation will destroy the microorganisms but will not change the nutrient value and colour of milk.Fish• The process of dehydration is a method of preserving fish.• The fish is dried with the use of fire, smoke or is left in the hot sun.• Food that is dried will have very low content of water and also is covered with carbon.• The water content which is low will cause the microorganisms which arepresent to be destroyed or change into spores which are not active.

111

111

6m

1 (b) (i) • When the plant cell is put into 5% of sucrose solution, the solution is isotonic to the plant cell sap.• Hence, there is no concentration gradient between the osmotic pressure of the cell sap of the plants with the environment.• So the rate of water molecules moving into the plant cell is equal with the rate of water moving out from the cell to the surrounding.• Hence, there is no change in the structure or the size of the vacuole observed.• Then, the cell is put into 30% of sucrose solution which is a hypertonic solution compared to the cell sap of the plants.• There is an osmotic concentration gradient between the cell sap of the plants with the surroundings.• The water molecules will move out of the vacuole in the plant cytoplasm to the surrounding to achieve an osmotic equilibrium.• This will cause the volume of water in the vacuole in the cytoplasm to decrease, hence the cell membrane will be detached from the cell wall and the vacuole will contract.• The cell undergoes plasmolysis.

1

11

11

1

1

11

10m

• When the cell is put back into 0.1% of the sucrose solution, the solution is hypotonic to the plant cell sap.• There exists an osmotic concentration gradient between the plant cell sap with the surrounding solution.• This situation will cause a lot of water molecules from the surrounding move into the plant cell compared with water that moves out from the plant cell to the surrounding.• The volume of the water in the cell increase, the vacuole enlarges, and the cytoplasm and the cell membrane will be pushed towards the cell wall.• The cell becomes turgid.

1

2 - mRNA copy the DNA information and leaves the nucleus via nuclear pore and attached itself to ribosomes.- protein is produced in ribosome - the protein enter the lumen of the rough ER and is transported to the vesicle at the end of the rough ER - these transport vesicle carry protein to the Golgi apparatus - Golgi apparatus modifies the protein into specific protein such as enzyme - the enzyme is packed into the secretory vesicle of the Golgi apparatus and transported to the plasma membrane - the secretory vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane in order to secrete the enzyme of out the cell.

2

12112

1

10m