Experienced Botanist - Forgotten Books

011 3151111111 . Pur srolAN . ;

t his there,is gen erally a great in sensi

bili ty,§ and, towards t h e end, a loss of

s ightand hearing, yet at times, 1n th e‘be

ginn ing, there'

is a great and p reterm,tural sensibilily to light . and n oise . Somet imes an eruption like millet seed ap

pears , WIthout any alteration for betteror worse .

p

t

MANAGEMENjF . The patien t shouldbe confined to h is bed 111 an airy darkenedroom, and kept agreeably warm or cold

,

according to the season : his room, bedand body cloth es, face, hands, and feetshould be

"kept clean ; 1His di et shouldbeflight, though nourishing, and

(given

frequen tly, rather than ih large quantities

proyes i t to be us eful ; but ' th e £3 11 3 2a

m aaaaaueafin ae nam aa

INDIAN PH Y SICIAN,

BEING A

NEW SYSTEM or PRA OTIGB,

FOUNDED ON

B O TA N Y ;

A descr iption of Medicinal Plant sflih eig propert ies, 8 m.

and the method of preparing an d using them.

2 . A Treati se on th e Causes, Sympt enss and Cure of Diseases in ciden t to th e Human Fm ; wit h a safe

‘

and sov e

reign Mode ofTreatment

XOR. THE {788 08“

n am es AND PRACTITIONERS .

BY 3 ; w . coomm,

EXPERIENCED BOTANIST OR INDIAN PHYSICIAN.

s lum son mu: AUTHOR. AND roam-111113 3 .

J OHN BEAR, PRINTER.

WESTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA, TO wrr

BE IT REMEMBERED, That on th e Sls t day of Jan uar y, Ann o Dom in i 183 3 , J . W . Cooper , of th e said Dist r ict , hath deposited in this Office th e title of a Book, th e t itle ofwh ich isih

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th e words followin g, to wit : Th e Exper ien ced Botan is tor In dian Physici an , being a n ew Sys tem ofPractice, foun ded on Botan y—con tai n in g : l . A descr ipt ion of Medicin alPlan ts , their proper t ies , &c. and th e method of preparingan d usin g them . 2 . A Treat ise on th e Causes , Symptom s

an d Cure of Diseases in ciden t to th e Human Frame, wi th a

safe and sov ereign Mode of Treatmen t . For th e use of Fa

milies an d Practi tion ers . By J . W . CO OPER,Exper ienced

Botan is t or In dian Phys ician .

Th e right whereof h e claims as Auth or , in conform ity withan act ofCongress , en t itled “An act to amen d th e sev eral actsrespect in cop - ri h ts .

”g y gM . J . ROBERTS,

Clerk of the Western Dist r ict of P ennsylvan ia .

PREF ACE.

Ever sin ce the in troduction,

of moralevil in to the world, Man has been a subj cet of misery an d disease ; for sickn ess,pain an d death are the very fruits of s in .

All have sinn ed an d have come short ofthe glory of God, inasmuch , that ev erysubj ect of s in is more or less a subj ect ofdisease .That the presen t privileged system of

medicin e, with all its modern improvemen ts, i s, in theory, still imperfect, and

in pract ice often productive of disastrouscon sequen ces, I n eed n ot her e revive thecomplain t of the thousan ds and ten s of

thousands wh o,after h aving suffered ma

ny things from physician s,‘

and hav ingspen t all their living upon them,

were nothing bettered , but rather grew worse . I

have heard the widely exten ded com

plain ts of human sufferers,smarting nu

de1 the hand of systematic cruelty, wasting away by poison adm in istered as med icin e

,an d p i n ing in despair

,when the

PREFACE.

last penny h as gone as a fee to rich practition ers. In v iew of such facts, did Icon ceive no desire to produce a reform,I should be unworthy the name of a man .

011 th e other hand, when I observe themean s of health scatter ed so profuselyaround us, in almost every field an d for

est, placed, as it‘were, within t h e reach

of every hand that will deign to accepti t ; it i s n atural to wish that the k in d ef

forts of n ature be secon ded, that her giftsbe received an d applied to useful purposes . I believe the public welfare requiresa better system than has heretofore appeared ; a system more srmple in its principles an d details, more agreeable to common sense, better adapted to popular apprehen sion s and wan ts, in

'order that suchas n eed most the kin d relief of charity,may n ot suffer mos t from authorised ‘ oppression . W ere people gen erally awareof the en ormous disproportion betweenth e expen se of medicin e and medical s erv ices and the prices of other articles ; werethey apprised of the adultera tion and otherimposition s practised in th e importationof foreign drugs, there would be one un ited voice again st the use of such d rugs,again st encouraging such services . Does

PREFACE . V

i t reflect honor on that kin d Providence,w ho supplies the wan ts

“

of all creatures,to suppose that the scien ce of health, inwhich every child of Adam is so deeplycon cern ed, must n ecessarily be the exclusive privilege of a few P That it shouldbe locked up in an unknown language, ormerged in a mass of learn ed lumber, re

quiring an age of study to explore an d apply its principles to us eful purposes Areferen ce to t h e Aborigin es of our coun tryis suffi cien t to refute such doctrin e . Is i tcredible that diseases, peculiar to our climate an d coun try, can find n o remediesn earer than foreign coun tries P Is i t credible that th e thousan ds of vegetables thatbeautify and perfume our fields an d groves,have n o valuable use in relation to thehealth an d comfort of man ? A belief inthe wisdom of the Creator

,who does n o .

thing in vain , mus t ‘lead us to a differen tcon clusion . In fact, the more the medical properties of vegetables have been explored, th e more they have been foun d tofurnish supplies for the n ourishmen t andhealth of the an imated part of Creation .

Exotic vegetables may perba s pr ove useful, especially if n aturalize by cultivat ion in our own soil, in our vown climate ;

A 2

vi PREFACE .

but i t i s at least probable, if not cer talnthat our own n ative plan t s are abundan tly suffi cien t to an swer all the medical deman ds ofour coun try ; a nd ought n ot every man so to value his own health an d

the gifts ofProviden ce for preserving andrestoring health, as to

'

make this a partof h is study ? Has it n ot occurred ev ento

‘

ph ysician s of th e learn ed order, thatevery man may and ought, at a properage, an d to a certain exten t, to becomehis own physician This can n ot be quest ioned, when we con sider h ow much depen ds ou diet, temperan ce an d exercise .

An d may I n ot be allowed to suggest, thatevery woman , every mother especially,ought to be a physician as well as a nursein her own family . Surely those charitable ladies

,whose plan s of ben eficen ce go

beyon d mere th eory,who have hands ca

pable of doing good,as well as minds for

devising good,will n ot find their feelings

revol t at my suggestion . Many, I kn ow,

act on this plan already, and to better effeet than the most scien tific practition er ;and to their own families, at least, theybecome emphatically beloved . physician s .While in the enj oymen t of health , th e

reader may think a work of this descrip

PREFACE . v i i

t ion is of but little importan ce ; but leth im be confin ed to the bed of sickn ess

,

and he will esteem it as one of the greatest treasures of the kind that ever had aplace in his family desk .

EXTR J CT

F r om th e Wr it ing s of th e Rev . J OHN WE S L E r .

The h ealing art was first brought in touse in a very n atural an d simple mann er .In the earlies t age of th e w orld mankind,by various experimen ts or acciden ts, discovered that certain plan ts, roots and barkspossessed m edicinal properties .These were foun d suffi cien t to remove

their diseases . The application of theseremedies was plain an d easy ; but in process of time many began to make a profession of medicin e an d to strip it of itssimplicity ; they began to en quire in to t heoperation s of such remedies , why an d h owthey preformed such cures . They examin ed the human frame, and all its parts,the n ature of the

‘

fiesh , arteries, nerves,

the structure of the brai n , heart, lungs,s tomach, bowels &c. , with th e springs ofthe sev eral an imal function s .

. . O

PREFACE .

They explored th e s everal kinds of

animal and min eral, as well as vegetablesubstan ces, and hen ce the whole order ofphysic was subverted an d foun ded uponhypoth es 1s . They formed theories ofdiscases an d their cures, and substitutedth ese in place of experimen ts .As theories increased, simple med icin es

were more and more disregarded and disused, till in the course ofyears the greater part of them were forgotten, at least inthe more polite nations . In the room of

these, abundance of new on es were in troduced by reason ing, speculativ e men , andthose more and more diffi cult to be applied, as beingmore remote from commonobservation .

Hence rules for th e application of these,and medicalbooks were immediatelymult iplied, till at length physic became an

abstruse science, quite out of the reach ofordinary men . Phys ician s now began tobe held in admiration as person s who weresomething more than human ; and profitattended their employmen t as well as h e .

nour, so that they had now two weigh tyreason s for keeping the bulk of mankindat a distan ce , that theymight not pry in toth e mysteries of their profes s ion . To this

https://www.forgottenbooks.com/join

X PREFACE .

were secured,and a vast majority ofman

kind being utterly cut off from helpingeither themselves or their n eighbors oron ce daring to attempt it .Ye t there has n ot been wan ting from

time to time, some lovers ofmankind whohave en deaVoured ( even con trary to theirown in terest)to reduce physic to its an cien t s tandard ; who have labored to explode out of it all hypothesis an d fin e spuntheories, an d to make it a plain in telligiblething, as it was in the begin n ing, havingn o more mystery in it than th is such amedicin e removes such a pain .

These have demon strably shown , thatn either the kn owledge ofastrology, astronomy , n atural philosophy, n or even an atom

’

y itself is absolutely n ecessary to thequick an d effectual cure ofmost d iseasesin ciden t to the human body, n or ye t anychemical

,exotic or compound medicine,

but a simple plan t or root duly applied ;so that any man of common sen se ( in or

d inary cases)may prescribe to himselforh is n eighbor, and may be very secure fromdoing harm, even where he can do no good .

Even to the last age, there was somethingof th is kind don e , particulary by Dr . Sydenham ; and in t h e presen t, by his pupil

PREFACE . X1

Dr . Dover, who has poin ted out simplemedicines for many diseases .

An d some such may be foun d in th ewritings of the learn ed and mgen ious Dr .

Cheyn e, who doubtles s would have commun icated many more to th e world, butfor the melan choly reason h e gave on e of

his friends, that pressed h im with somepassag es in h is works which too muchcoun ten an ced the modern practice,

“ Oh,

sir, we‘

must do something ‘

to

oblige th e faculty, or they will tear us inpieces "”

CERTIFICATES .

O ne of th e most aston ishing cases ofpulmon ary con sumption on record was

’

lately cured ln th is coun ty My wife wasseverely afflicted with the pulmonary con -3

s umption for twelve years, and for three

y ears and six mon ths she was no t able tobe out of her bed, r equiring a nurse allthat time .I had applied to seven doctors ; they

all failed and thought it impossible to cureher. Sh e pined away to n othing but theappea ran ce of skin an d bon es ; all hopesfor her recovery were despaired of by allwho had seen her

,which were n ot a few.

Hearing of Dr . J . W . Cooper, In dianPhysician , ofJoh n stown Cambria coun ty,Pa . curing diseases of a hopeless n atures imilar to this of my wife, I was at lastpersuaded to t ry h im . He gave h er med icine for three mon ths with the mosthappy effect ; she has go t well and able todo her house work once more, to thea ston ishmen t of the whole n eighborhood .

PREFACE . xiii

This true certificate I give ofmy own freew ill, in order that others afflicted with th esame disease may have an opportun ity ofbeing cured of th is distressing

,

disorder .Given under my han d an d seal, Somer

set coun ty, March i 3 th , 18 3 3 .

CHRISTIAN MILLER.

Wi t ness WI L L IAM C. HAYE S .

W hereas the enj oymen t of health i sessen tial to the comfort an d happin ess ofmankin d, and a kn owledge of

'

th e mean sof curing diseases in a simple and cheapman n er, wit h the vegetable production sof our own coun try, i s of in calculable benefi t to, the human family

,we therefore con

s ider i t n ot only commen dable and just,but our boun den duty to our fellow beings

,

to en courage an d diffuse in a proper man

n er the kn owledge of these effi caciousmean s as exten sively as possible wetherefore deemed it commen dable to givethis our public certificate , h Oping it maypartially sufi ce to satisfy the unprejudicedmind of the 1n est imable benefi t derivedfrom the Flora of our rich an d fertile soil ;we therefore certify that we h ave employed Dr . J . W . Cooper, Physxclan , in our

families .3

PREFACE.

His vegetable mode of treatmen t h ash ad th e most happy and salutary effectsin curing diseases of the most dangerouscharacter .Johnst own , Dec. 1 , 1 8 3 2 .

Peter L ev ergood, Mich ael S ilk,Sh epley Pr ies tley , T h oma s Co tn ey,Ch rist ian Miller , Joh n D imond,William Spen cer , Mrs . 1Mary F ra z ier,William C. Hayes , Rober t Ham ilton ,W illiam F ields , Robert Lockard ,C. Clark, George Mer riman ,

Adam Focld er , St eph en Sn ow,

Joh n L . Heyser , Mrs . Ann Cotn ey .

W e do hereby certify, that ‘PatrickHan dling was so severely cramped fromtaking a vomit of tartar emetic, that h ewas n ot able to move h an d or foot, nor

received a bit of solid food for n in e days ;all that time suffering the most excruci ating pain . We took h im on the townshipan d employed Dr . J . W . Cooper, Physician

,who cured h im in two weeks and

four days .W ILLIAM F IELDS,WIL LIAM BARNETT ,

Ov er seer s of the Poor .

Joh ns t own , N ov . 3 0th , 1 83 2 .

PREFACE . XV

W e h ereby certify, that we employedDr. J . W . Cooper, Physician for t h e poorof Con emaugh town ship,during the summer of 183 2 . He had diseases ofvariouskin ds an d of the most dangerous character to treat . He performed perfect cureson them all .

WILLIAM F IELDS ,

WILLIAM BARNETT ,

Ov erseer s of th e P oor .

We, the citizen s of John stown , do cert ify , that Dr . J . W . Cooper’s compoundpills have proved effectual ln all cases ofAgue and Fever within our kn owledge .

J . M’Mullen , M . D .

Pe ter L ev ergood ,William Ba rn e t t ,Adam F ockler ,Michael M’Gran ,Sh epley Pr ies t féy ,Th omas Laird,Ben jamin Hayn es ,A llen Ro se,Jacob D r it t,J . K . Buckman ,

Joh n L . HeySer ,Samuel Douglass ,Rober t Lockard,William Huber,J . C. M’Gill,Geo rge W. Kern ,

Th omas F ream ,

Lewi s F ream ,

Rober t Bar n e t t ,Pe ter Min eely ,Jo seph Burgoon , j r .

Joh n Ham ilton ,Hen ry Sut t on ,

‘

Wm . Tombin son ,Rober t Ham ilt on ,Rich ard T reanor ,Jacob L e v e rgood,C. S . Persh ing ,

Joh n Ma t h ews ,A rch ibald Mat h ews ,Cos t low B . T h ompson

W i lliam Grah am ,

Joseph Ber ry ,

xvi PREFACE .

l

William L arden , H iram Craver ,Joh n O’Neill, Joseph Ch amberlain ,P .

‘

O’Neill, Ph ilip Murph y .

J ohnst own , JV'

or . 1 83 2 .

We do hereby make kn own , that Dr .

J .W . Cooper by his Indian mode of practice

, for the last seven mon ths, los t butthree patient s out of seven or eight h undred cases . A great portion of th em wasof the most dangerous character .William F ields , Joseph Burgoon , j r .

‘

Lewis F ream ,Wi lliam C. Hayes .

J ohn st own , Dec. 1 1 , 1 83 2 .

W e do h ereby certify, that a daughterof ours was severely afflicted for sometime with the disease of the liver and aswelling of the abdomen ; we applied toa Mercury Doctor ; he gave her moremercury than would have salivated n in emen , but all to n o effect . The girl gotworse . Sh e pin ed away to n othing butthe appearan ce of skin and bon es , by theuse of the mercury . Sh e became stooped,half double, an d her abdomen becamehard an d more swelled, and of a bluish ‘

colour . All hopes for her recovery weredespaired of ; but at last we were '

pem


xv iii

Cooper . He gave medicine which hadthe most happy effects . I have got perfectly well of my disease, and am able todo work of any kind .

JUL IANNA M’DURMIT.

J ohnst own , Jan . 1 2 , 1 83 3 .

I do hereby certify, that I was attackedwith the S carlet Fever, and when I wasrecovering from it I unfortun ately got coldan d a tumor formed in tern ally in my system, and a pain in my side. I was solow that all hopes for my recovery weredespaired of by all that had seen me . Dr .J . W . Cooper gave me medicin e, an d thetumor bursted and run off on e gallon of

corrup tmatter, frommy n ostrils an dmouthin twen ty - four hours, an d one gallon inthe course of two weeks after this . I con

tinn ed to get well and have recovered myhealth . I will ever feel thankful to Dr .J: W . Cooper as an in strumen t in thehan ds of the Almighty in _ curing me of

this dreadful disease .DANIEL S. COUGHENOUR.

Johnst own , Jan . 1 2, 1 83 3 .

I do hereby certify,that I was severely

afflicted with the Dyspeps1a for six year s,and at last I Was so sev erely attacked

PREFACE . xix

that I was confin ed to bed, and all hopesfor my recovery were despaired ofby myfrien ds . I sen t for Dr . J . W . Cooper .He gave me medicin e for two or threeWeeks,which has curedme soun d andwell .

JAMES SPENCER.

J ohn st own , Dec. 2 , 1 83 2 .

I bereby certify, that I was severelyafi icted and lay in sen sible un der conv uls ive fi t s for eight hours . Dr . J . W . Coo

per admin istered to me his celebrated spe .

cific, which relieved me instan tan eously.

I got well in the course of a few minutes .L iv erpool, Pa . SARAH JONES.

’

I hereby certify, that I John D imon d,was s everely afli icted with the Ague an dF ever for n in e mon ths . I applied to fourof t he most respectable doctors ; th ey allfailed, and it was the opin ion of manythat I would lose my life, but at last Iemployed Dr . J . W . Cooper

, of Jobustown , he cured me in three days . I haveenj oyed perfect health for n in e mon thswithout any appearance of a relapse .

JOHN DIMOND.

J ohn stown , N ov . 1 6 , 1 83 2 .

We,the subscribers, do certify th at Dr .

J . W . Cooper has cured a number of ca

XX PREFACE .

ses similar to the above men tion ed JohnD imon d’s case, an d has n ot failed in anycase

,to our kn owledge .

W IL L IAM F IELDS,John s town , Nov . 14, 1832 . WIL L IAM HAYES.

I do hereby certify, that a large greenfiy got in to my ear, an d in attempting toget it out, th e fly was killed . My car

healed an d I was out of my head twon ights . All the remedies I could possiblyget, failed un til I applied to Dr . J . W .

Cooper . He put some medicin e in myear an d there came fi v e hundred smallworms from my ear . I got well in a fewhours . Dr . J . W . Cooper also cured me ofa severe stage of the chron ic Rheumatism .

JOHN IRWIN.

John st own, Dec. 1 2 . 1 83 2 .

I hereby certify, that I, David Hay,was severely afflicted with the Ague andFever for n in e mon ths and was all thattime un able to work : I applied to Dr . J .

W . Cooper an d got on e box of his compound Pills, and used them according todirection , an d was cured in three days .I have enjoyed perfect health for n in emon ths without any appearan ce of a re

lapse . DAV ID HAY .

J ohnst own , N ov . 3 , 1 3 2 2 .

PREFACE .

I h ereby certify, that my wife was sev erely aflicted with Ague and Fever for1 5 months . I employed several doctorsofMarylan d an d Penn sylvan ia, but couldn ot get the Ague stopped longer than twoweeks . Sh e got worse every mon th . Afew days before I sen t for Dr . Cooper,we had expec ted her to die, but as soonas Dr . J . W . Cooper gave her his compoun d pills, she got well and has enj oyedbetter h ealth for t h e last ten mon ths thansh e had for years previous .

MICHAEL SILK.

Joi nstown , Dec. 7 , 1832 .

I hereby certify,th at I

,GeorgeMerri

man, was severely afflicted with the Ague

an d Fever . I sen t to Dr . J . W . Cooperan d got on e box of his compoun d pills andused them according to direction

,and was

cured in three days . I return ed to theJun iat a an d worked all the fall . T he

ague n ever has return ed .

GEORGE MERRIMAN.

Johns town, Jan . 29, 183 3 .

I do certify,that I was severely afflicted

with Rheumatism for 2 5 years . I employed Dr . J W . Cooper ; he gave me medicin e, whi ch has cured me soun d and well .March 15 , 183 3 . PETER L EV ERGOOD.

THE

aa aaaasmem as na nas s

IND IA N PHY SICIA N .

Health is a vigorous capacity in th e

system ofman , which. en ables h im to perform all motion s and exertion s that he iscapable of

,t o a certain degree, without

fatigue, such as his accustomed labor, &c.

and n ature requires a fresh supply offondto support the system,

gen erally threetimes in twen ty - four hours . A plain , s imple diet is mos t suitable

,as difl’er en t dish

es at the same meal hav e a ten den cy toen courage luxury, which un avoidably creates disease ia a greater or les s degree,and causes inactivity of body and mind,which depends on th e exten t to which itIs en couraged . F ood that h as been damaged, or poorly cooked, would also bean.jurious to many, ev en if no great quanti

24 EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

ty were received at on ce, as such food cann ot be properly digested before i t soursor putr ifies . Food should be taken asregularly as possible . with regard to thetime and quan tity . Those who labor

, re

quire more solid food than others, but even

in that case, no more sh ould be takenthan is n eces sary to support their strength .

Those who lead a seden tary life, will findtheir men tal facul ties greatly increased byliving on a spare vegetable diet, as theirm inds will be more free for con templation .

Pure water should always be preferredfor beverage, un less medicin e is n eededin that case use such articles as appearn ecessary

,which should be discon tinued

as soon as health is re stored . Many'

art icles of our coun try production are muchmore for the health of i ts inh abi tan ts, fora beverage atmeals, an d would be equally palatable, if n ot

‘

more so, than thoseimported, if used a short time, and alsomuch cheaper . This is admitted by all

who have given them ‘ a fair trial ; The



an d long life, We must b‘

ei temperate inev ery

‘

respect . In examin ing ancient history, we find that some lived almost

'

a

thousand years ; and n ow but few can b efound on e hun dred year s old l How happen s this surprlsmg difl'eren ce ? Are notthose things that were provided by our

creator, as plen ty an d pure ?now as th en Por is it because man has become too proudto follow th e path of. self ‘den ial, whichleads directly to heal th, long life and hap

pin ess W e find those who live the longest

,have been the most temperate, which

should en courage us to follow , the same

path, as , good heal th and . long life arethe most desirable of any earthly enj oymen ts . W hen -we find our health begin sto fail, We should enqulre In to the cause,and apply suitable medicin es which willsoon restore th e en ergies of the system .

But when disease is suffered to continue,the system becomes un iversally disor

dered ; digestion is impaired ; the n ervoussystem becomes weak, and the motion of

OR IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 27

the blood i s feeble and Irregular . Thissituation i s truly distressing, and requiresimmediate an d long attention ,whichmanytimes comes short of doing as much goodas one potion ofphysick would have don eat first . D elays are often dangerous ; ifyouwould avoid the evils of an impaired cons titution

,be temperate in all respects, and

t ake medicin e when youfirs t n eed it . Haveregular hours for rest and exercise ; thena part of your time can be spen t in usefulstudy, for the ben efi t ofyourself and family, which is a much greater treasure thanriches : for that p repares the mind for allof the changes of for tiIn e ; t his raises usabove ourselv es and n eighbours


DESCRI PTION OF

MEDICINA L PL ANTS .

A g r im on y .

This herb grows on most kmds of soilsfrom one to three feet high,

‘ according toth e fertility of the soil. The stalk is irregular. of a purplish colour and furry,with leaves

,that resemble strawberry

leaves The top is divided in to longbranches, which bear bright yellowflowers in July and August, wh ich are suc

ceeded by small burs . This herb is goodfor Gravel an d Ston e an d Bloody Urin e .

A gue W eed .

This grows on rich wet lan ds, but mostabundan tly on n ew lan d that is partlycleared A hairy stalk rises from twoto four feet

,passing through, and from

on IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 29

six to ten in ches long, and lessen ing gradually each way from the cen tre to a slimpoin t . It h as a bushy flat top, whichbears wh ite flowers th e ,

lat ter part of summer . It is useful in almost all diseases .

It Should be used in tea, or prepared inextracts .

Cr ow F oot .

This is v ery common on most kin ds ofsoil in this coun try, in woods, meadows,and pastures that have n ot been ploughed .

A number of hairy stalks shoot up earlyin the spring, to t h e height of one foot

,

more or less, according to the fertility of

th e soil, h aving a number of leaves and

purple flowers, which may be foun d at

all times through th e summer, but mostplen tiful in May an d Jun e . T h efloweris succeeded by a kind of spike, something like a Cran e’s bill . Th e root is anexcellen t astrin gen t, about the size of

on e’s finger, fleshy,and sometimes a num

ber of inches long .

3 0 EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

B i t t er Sw ee t .

This well kn own vine grows on rich '

loose land, in woods, an d bushy placesin fields . The . bark of the root

,which

is of a deep yellow, has been much usedfor a long time in oin tmen ts, salves, &c. ,

for which it is very good . This is alsov ery valuable as an

' in ternal medicin e .

B la ck Ch er r y .

This is a common forest tree an d bearsthe well known an d much esteemed blackcherries . The bark of its body or rootsis the part chiefly used for medicin e . Itis an excellen t s timulan t .

R a t t le W eed .

This common ly grows on m oist arichoak land a number of stalks rise an nuallyfrom each root, which divide in to 'branch

es,on e foot or more from th eg round . A

s ingle stalk is con tinued twoor more feetabove this division , bear i ng on i ts top a

on l DIAN PHYSICIAN .

‘

3 1

tassel of white flowers, succeeded bysmalls h ells,which con tain the seed s . Th eroot is extern ally black, and has manylarge fibres, which are an active stimu

lan t,and useful in many complain ts .

Sh a k in g A sp .

This tree is very common , an d is Seldom large . It has thick brittle limbs, an dalmost

'

round leaves, which keep, muchof the time, in motion

,for which reason

it is called shaking asp . The bark isthe part used for medicin e

,which is an

excellen t stimulan t .

B lood R oo t .

This grows on rich melst lan d in woods,new meadows and pas tures . In ~Someplaces it is abun dan t . It grows up early , in the spring, from four to eight in ches high, and bears fi

small whiteflowers .T h e root is the part used for medicin e .A broken end of a dried root turn s red


also when wet . It is called In dian pain tby some . It is an excellent expectoran t,possessing emetic and cathartic qualities,and is a powerful stimulan t . This, withmay - apple root

,equal quan tities, fin ely

pulverised, is good to sprinkle sores, to

remove scurf, fungus flesh

,&c. or for snuff

for polypus in the n ose .

B lu e V er v am .

It is common where the ground is rich,

in the streets an d pastures . It h as a squares talk that rises three or four feet high

,is

divided n ear the top in to a number of

Short bran ches,which terminate in slim

stems several in ches long, which are surrounded from on e end to the other, withsmall blue flowers

,which are succeeded

by th e seeds . The main root is surroun ded by a great number of long fibres, whichare a good clean sing stimulan t medicine .


841 EXPERIENCED v‘

BOTAN IST

There are but fewmothers in this country wh o hav e not given 1 a ? téa of this totheir young children, for wind

‘

or pain sin th e stomach, for which it is v ery goodalso to cause

~

perspiration .

Ch am om i le .

T his is cultiv ated in many garden s andi smuch esteemed for i ts fine odour and

medicine. The flowers are sold by theapothecaries for a ton ick .

Ch a r coa l .

This is a good an tiseptic, an d may beused (fin ely pulverized) as a poultice,moisten ed with v inegar, or taken in terually .

This grows on rich oak land, from fourto eight feet high, has a number of bran ches at each j oin t, and long smooth leaves .

oR J ND IAN PHYSICIAN . 3 5

Th e root is large,“ long and smoo th; alit - f

tle yellow; an d afpleasan t bitter .“ It i s ‘

ai

good'

stimiilan t .

This grows on oak and pine t imberedlan d

,has several lea’Ves close to theground

rise s fromx th e cen tre ofthese, ten or twelve ‘

inches high, " the top of Which is s itasselof white flowers ; these appear in July,an d are good for snufi’. Th e root is white,fibres hard, which are useless as medicin e ; the root is th e part chiefly used .

It ) grows on,r ich ground”is t all, and.

slim in zthe forest, but bus I the fields”I ts leav es ( in shape like .

f

of. .an ap

86 EXPRRlBNCBD nor am sr

plo‘ treel are from six to eight inch eslong an d four or five wide. of a dark

green, and smooth . ItMore a fruit ab outthree inch es long , called from i ts shapea cucumber, which con tai n s t he seed .

Thos e form h unches by t heir gr owth .

which cr ack open , and a rod sccd ab out.t h e s iz e of a white bean dr ops out wheni t comes tomat urity . Th e fruit and barkis t he part used for medici ne.

Dan delion .

This is common on all kinds of soilwhich is not t o owet has a smooth . round,h ollow s tem that rises from th e cen tre of

a number of leav es t hat grow clos e to th e

ground , an d varies in height from on e to

eig h teen in ch es , hearing on i ts top a yel

lowflower, which is succeeded by a kin dof down that forms a round h all . Th e

thcy are cloans ing .

on 1m m : m m W

Thu w so commom t ha t a dm fim

land t hat as not rhed by ploughi

A n umlmr of large leaves r ise ann

leas es all th e way up, andflowers a t t h e

Th e root i s the part u sed for meth a ne,


ple - tree) are from six to eight in cheslong and four or fiv e wide, of a darkgreen, and smooth . It bears a fruit aboutth ree in ches long, called from its shapea cucumber, which con tain s the seed .

These form bun ches by their growth,

which crack open , an d a red seed aboutth e s ize of a white bean drops out whenit comes to maturity . The fruit and barkis the . part used for medicin e .

D an d elion .

This i s common on all kin ds of soilwhich is not too wet ; has a smooth, roun d,hollow stem that rises from the cen tre ofa number of leav es that grow close to th eground

, and varies in height from one toeighteen in ches, bearing on its top a yellow flower

,which is succeeded by a kin d

of down that forms a roun d ball . Theroots and tops are good for medicin ethey are clean smg .

OR IND IAN P HYS ICIAN . 3 7

This is so common ; that a descriptionwould be useless . The root is th e partused for medicin e .

Elecam p an e .

This requires rich, moist, cultivatedlan d that is n ot . disturbed by ploughing .

A number of large leaves ri se annuallyfrom the root ; from th e cen tre rises a

Stalk, three or four feet high, bearingleaves all the way up, and flowers at th et op, resembling those of the garden sun

flower, but much smaller . The root iswhite, divided in to a number of bran ches, an d runs deep . The green root h asa pleasan t spicy smell, but con siderablypungen t an d unpleasan t to the taste .

The root is the part used for medicin e,which is very clean sing and stimulating,

F ea t h er few .

This is very common in many garden s .D

3 8 EXPERIENCED'

Bor AN Isr

A tea of the herb is often used for femaleobstruction s, for wh ich it is v ery good .

Ga r lick .

This is cultivated in garden s . Th e

root, which is the part used in medicin e,resembles on ion s a little in taste, but i smuch stronger . It is a good v ermifuge .

Gin ger.

The root of Ginger, already preparedfor use, i s sold by the prin cipal part ofth e merchan ts and grocers in this country . It is good to remove obstruction s,is also good on a cold stomach .

Gi n g sen g .

This grows on moist and rich timbered land, and the same height as sarsaparilla

,and is divided in a Similar mann er .

The root,which is the part used

,is Short

and thick, and tapers gradually t0' a poin t



Gold en'

S ea l.

This grows on rich, m01s t lan d . A

stalk rises from eight to twelve in ches,which is purple at the bottom, but changes to green towards the top, and sometimes divides In to two branches, whichare two or three in ches long

,with a leaf

on each,which gen erally termin ates in

fiv e poin ts . O ne of the bran ches is sometimes con tinued about three - fourths of anin ch above the leaf which bears a berry,Con tain ing the Seed

,that is red when ripe .

The root is irregularly shaped, of a brightyellow

, and has many fibres . The rootis a good clean sing laxative and s timu

lan t . Good for sore mouth .

Gr a v el B oot .

It grows on rich , low meadow lan dfrom t hree

‘

to fi v e feet high . From fourto Six large leaves grow round each join t .The top is divided in to

'

a numberI

of

branches, h ear ing at their ex trfimities

on IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 4 1

small pale - red flowers Th e roota large bun ch of dark coloured fibres,which surround the main root . T h e

fibres are mostly used, and are an excellen t diuretick .

Hem lock T r ee .

This is a common forest tree . It hasv ery small leaves and twigs, which area good sudorific. T h e gum Is good inselves and strengthen ing plas ters .

flop s .These are well kn own to all who make

beer, which should be preferred to water,when that is n ot pure ; but all do not

kn ow, that a tea made of hops is goodfor worm complain ts .

Hor se Ra d i sh .

This is well kn own in this coun try, asit is used by many in the spring of th e

grated while it is green and

D 2

42 EXPERIENCED BOTANIST

mixed with nv inegar,' to be eaten at meal

t ime, and i s ' very good to quicken th e

blood and appetite . It is also a goodstimulating medicin e ; th e leaves, whenapplied as draughts, draw powerfully .

May A p p le R oot .

This is foun d In abundan ce in someplaces . A smooth, gr een stalk rises early in the spring of the year, one foot ormore

,which carries up the only leaf or

leaves about it . At the division of thestalk that bears two leaves

,a stem puts

out that supports a white flower, wh ichis succeeded by the apple, and wh en ripe,it is yellow, of an agreeable smell, and

admired by many to eat . The root isthe part used for medicin e .

I n d ian P h y s ick .

This grows on low in tervals, and atthe edge of marshes . It rises from tir eto fiv e feet, has a purplish s talk

'

and'

th in

o n IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 4 3

smooth leaves . The flowers nearly re

semble those of buck - wheat, succeededby

'

slim pods,four or fi v e in ch es long .

The roots or bran ches discharge a milkysubstan ce

,if divided when green . T h e

root is dark coloured,an d has a woody

pith . The bark of the root i s a good cath art ick . Timely pulverized, it is an excollen t snufl' to remove obstruction s in th ehead, and will many times relieve pain .

L a d y Sli p p er .

There are four kinds that are calledby this n ame, which differ more in theirappearan ce than in their medical virtues .T h e

'

difi'

eren t kinds may be found on moistkin ds of soil . T h e flower of, one i s red,an other yellow

,an other white

,the fourth

red and white . The flowers of all are atthe top of the stalk

,and are in form like

a roun d bag, with a small entran ce : in toit n ear where it j oin s to the stem . Somehav e leav es all t h e way u

'

p, . others but

M EXPERIENCED BOTANI ST

two, which are n ear th e groun d . The

main root i s small and ‘

surrounded by . a

great many fibres, which are the partsused . I t is tor strengthen the n erves,used in tea or powders .

L emon B a lm .

It is cul tivated in garden s by thosewh o are acqualn ted with its virtues, asfew articles are equal to it as a sodorific. It bran ch es out a little above thetop of the ground, if it stands singly, andforms a large, thick bun ch, from one totwo feet high . It has smooth , n arrowleav es, very n ot ched an d set thick all theway up each bran ch . S ix purpleflower s grow at each join t, succeeded by ahusk, which con tain s th e seed . Th e

husks are about half an in ch long, andterminate in fiv e poin ts, three up and twodown . Th e leaves and flowers make

pleasan t drink in all diseases, especiallythose of a bilious n ature .

on? IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 4 5

Sp ik en ar d .

This Is gen erally kn own , as it growscommon ly In woods and fields

,on looSe

rich groun d . The stalk r Ises from two

to fiv e feet ; of a green ish brown , and i sdivided in to a number of large spreadingbran ches . The leaves are han dsomely

p roportion ed to the Size of th e - stalk, an d

are n otched roun d the edge . At th e division of the bran ches a main stem putsout, from three to SIX Inches long, whichis surrounded by small on es . The end

of these is surrounded by small“berries

,

placed in a round form,about the size of“

an oun ce ball, which, when ripe, areabout th e colour of the Stalk, an d are goodto eat . The root, which is the part usedfor medicine, is div ided in to a number ofa bout equal bran ches, which are smooth,land keep their size sometimes two or threefeet . The pith of the root should be taiken out while it is green . Th e

“ outsid e

ref the root is clean sing and strengthen ing .

46 EXPERIENCED BCTANIST

L ob elia I nfla t a . I n d ian T ob acco .

This herb grows on most kin ds of soils,from six in ches to two feet high , accordmg to the fertility of the soil . The stalkis irregular and furry, with pale greenleaves

,stan ding singly; at a litle distan ce

apart, on th e main stalk an d its bran ches . These are also furry on the unders ide, but free from it on

" the upper side .

The edge of the leaf appears as if smallpoin ts proj ected out all of the way roun d .

The flowers (which are towards t he topof the stalk) an d its bran ches are paleblue . These termin ate in fiv e poin tstwo turn up, an d three down . A

' smallpod appears at the bottom of the blossomwhich in creases in sizeas the blossom decays . Th ese readily yield to pressure

,are

the same colour as the leaves,an d con tain

a greatmany very small seeds . The wholeherb is v ery pungen t to th e taste

, for ashort time .

‘ The leaves, pods an d seedsare all good as an emetic and expectoran t .


48 EXRERIENCED BOTANIST

useful in colicks and gr iping pam In thebowels, fi ts and spasms, coughs, rheumat isms, and all n erv ous affection s .

Moun t a i n Mi n t .

It grows on a rich sandy soil, and rises two or three feet high, has a squaregreen stalk, with long bran ches, whichbear at their extremiti es large reddishflowers . The leaves and flowers are exceedingly hot to the taste, and are a goodsudorific.

Mu llen .

This is well known , as it grows common on farms gen erally . The leaves makegood draughts . The flowers are a goodlaxative for children . A tea made of theheart of the young plan t, boiled in milkan d water

,

“ is good to reliev e gripingpain s in the bowels .


This is cultivated in many garden s,an d i s an evergreen , of a nauseous bittertaste . Th e herb is a good emmenagogue,stimulan t, an d vermifuge .

Mu s t a r d .

The seed ‘

of this is well'

kn own , bein gmuch used with food,

'

mixed with vinegar . “

I t is a good article for draughts,when mixed with flour ; It should be fin ely pulverized for either ; and for an emo

t ic, for which it is saId to be much usedin

‘

Englan d, as - a coun ter’

pois’on . Thedos e recommended is a small table spoonful in a tumbler full ofwarm water, d rankat on e draught . Its effects are said tobe in stan tan eous . F lour mixed with vin egar an d made in to a plas ter,and sprinkled ov er with fine mustard s eed a nd a pp lied to

' the pit of the s tomach, will genorally reliev e th e m os t o bst inate vomitIng .


O n i on s .

'These are common ly raised in all garden s in thi s coun try, are very good fordraughts .

P leu r i sy R oo t .

This grows on warm san dy lan d . A

number of furry stalks rise annually fromeach root

,fromone to two feet high

,

which is thickly s et with single n arrowleav es, all the way up ; these are alsofurry on the un der Side . The top Is div ided in to short bran ches, which bearbright, yellow flowers in July and Au

gus t, which are succeeded by pods, thatresemble those of the common m ilk weed

,

except that these are smaller and turnup . The roots are externally pale yellow

,in tern ally paler, or almost white .

Some of th e roots have small black vein srunn ing promiscuously over their extern al surface . The root is a goodspasmodic, carminative, expectoran t, and:sudorific.


P ip s i sw a y .

The description of t h e s mall kin d of

wild lettuce is applicable to t h is , as“

to

the place of its growth, stem, roots and

leaves,except those are thicker an d more

n otched around th e edge, and n arrower .It possesses much the same virtue .

This is a common fruit tree . Thenut s of the fruit are good to relieve painIn the stomach, caused by weakn ess .

Five or six may be eaten at a time, threeor four times a ‘ day ; or a tincture madeof them,

an d the bark of the root for cost i v en ess . The leav es are “

an excellen tlax ative for children . The bark of theroot is good for worms .

P ea r l fi sh .

When m ingled with order, vin egar an dwater, or clear water, is very good forthose who are troubled with acidity

,or

5 2 EXPERIENCED BCTANIST

slime In the stomach .

.

If the vin egar is

good, it should be mixed with water,equal quan titie s . To a gill of this

,or

good old cider, add half of ateaspoon fulof pearl - ash ; s tir i t quick, an d drink itwhile it is foaming, an d throw awaywhat settles . A piece the size of a largepea, i s as much as should be taken aton ce in water .

Is gen erally kn own . A tea made of

e ither, is good in all d iseases . It willcause a free perspiration , if drank freely .

P i t ch P i n e .

It is well known that tar is made f fromthis . Tar - water is very open ing an d

clean sing to the system,which should be

made by adding a quart of boiling waterto a quart of pure tar, and stir the wholetogether

,then le t it stan d and cool . Af

ter it has separated, the water should be


kept in bottles for use . From one to

four table spoonfuls should be taken threet imes in a day, on an empty stomach .

It is a useful medicin e in cases of debility .

P r i ck ly fi sh .

This, I believ e, is so well kn own , as

t o ren der a description un n ecessary .

The bark and berries are good stimalan ts to quIcken th e action of the fluids .The berries are exceedingly pungen t, aromatic

,an d much more powerful than th e

bark.

R ed Ced a r .

T his is Well kn own where i t grows,di eing

'

much esteemed for its durabilityfor fence posts , &c. The cedar applehas of late been recommend ed so highly

,

that I am induced to believe it posse ssesuncommon v ermifuge properties . The

following was taken from a n ewspaper,s oon after it was fir

st

, published -Qit is,E

M EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

however,greatly abridged : Theymay

be foun d all season s of the year, on thesmall boughs or twigs of the red cedartree

, from the size of a hazle nut to thatof a black walnut . They possess thesame virtue after they are dry, as whengreen ; but are n ot so bitter . It wasstated that a number of them h ad beeneaten with safety, although a small quanti ty had produced the desired effect ; theymay be pulv erized an d mixed with moilasses .

R u sh .

This grows on rich, moist land, from

on e to two feet high, and has n eitherleaves nor bran ches . It is gen erallykn own , as it is much used by women forscourIng . I t i s good in all cases . of gra

Sa g a

This herb is much used for s eason ing

savoury meat; especially sausages . It isalso good to remove obstruction

, but care



S a ssa fr a s .

This is a common small forest tree,and is gen erally kn own , as the bark of

the root is much admIred by most people for its agreeable taste . When madein to a weak tea, it is very pleasan t withfood I t is also good in poultices

, for

which it should be pulverized and com

bined with other medicine, or it may beused as snufi

'

, mixed with Indian phy810.

This grows on rich, moist upland, bythe side of highways, &c. , and is gen erally four or fiv e feet high, or more . T he

stalks are large ( several of which gen erally grow from one root) an d divide In

t o many bran ches ; these bear long clusters of berries, that are black when ripe .A tin cture made of the berries is muchesteemed by some for the rheumatism.

Th e root is good for draughts .

O R IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 7

This is a forest tree, and i s easilyknown from the other elm trees, as th einn er bark of

'

th is is a mucilage, whichi s the part used for medicin e . It is goodin poultices, syrups an d teas, for wh ichit should be pulverized .

Sm a r t W eed .

This hot herb grows y ery common bythe sideof highways and other uncultiv ated lan d, an d is so well kn own as toren der a descrip tion unn ecessary . It isan excellen t an tiseptic, emmen agogue, stimulan t an d sudorific.

~This grows by the side of streams an dwet places

,from on e to t hree feet high,

bearing leaves at each join t, of a darkgreen . The stalk is partly square at t h ebottom, but roun d towards the topThe leaves are the part used for medi

5 8 EXPERIENCED "BOTAN IST .

cine, and have ‘

a n auseous bitter taste .

It h as a white blossom which resemblesa sn ake’s head

,with its mouth partly open .

It is a good stimulan t and sudorific.

This may be foun d on every farm in

this countryg an d h as a pleasan t sour taste .

The leaves roasted and applied t o a swelling, assis t very much In causing suppuration .

Sp ea r n i i n t .

IS good to make a tea for those wh oare afliicted with sickness at the stomach,or at other times for constan t drink, or tocause perspiration ; for which it shouldbe used freely .

Sum m er Sa v or y .

This is cultivated in garden s, and n eedsno description . It majr be used as a

sudor ifick .

OR IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 5 9

Sp ice B u sh .

Is common on low fores t groun d, an d

grows from four to eight feet high . Itbears berrIes which are red when ripe .

These,together with the leaves an d bark,

have a pleasan t spicy taste . The leavesan d bark are a good sudorifick .

Grows on beach and maple lan d, on

small r 1s1ng spots of ground, gen erally a

number of plan ts together . A n umber of

smooth, oval evergreen leaves growcloseto the groun d, pale green on the un derside ; the upper

“ side is deeper green an d

h as light coloured lin es runn lng In v arI

ous direction s over it . The root growson the top of the ground, w ith fibres on

the un der s ide, and are exceedingly hardt to dry . The tops an d roots when green

Qare good for poultices, or for oin tmen t .


S t inkin g Ch am om i le .

This grows by the side of h ighways,and -

on hard un cultivated places on farms,on e foot or more high, and has leaves andflowers resembling those of the gardenchamomile . I t i s a f

good sudorifick .

S h um ack .

This shrub grows on farms, by the sideof fen ces an d fi elds, where other bushes ,

are su'fl'ered to grow, if thegroun d is lightan d mellow . T h e bran ches frequen tlytermin ate in a

'

clump ofberries, which arered when ripe, and of a pleasan t

‘

sour . Itmakes a pleasan t drink, in fevers . Th ebark, leaves, and berries, are a good .

astringen t .

T an sey .

This i s very common on almost“ everyfarm, and is useful in female complaints .

on INDIAN PHYSICIAN . 6

, This is an evergreen , and grows by th es ide of streams, an d in swamps . Theleaves are supported by foot stalks, six oreigh t in ches high, (many of which havelight coloured lin es runn ing in variousdirection s ,) and are

'

n otched about theedge .

“ The root grows on the top of th e

groun d, and is about th e size of a goosequill, or smaller, from two to SIX In cheslong, with fibres on the un der side .The root has a spicy taste

,a little like

wild ginger, extern ally ofa purplish green ,th e in side is purple . Some times a stalkrises

,all the way up . The seeds succeed

yellow flowers at the top ; the leaves an droot s are used, which arevery clean sing,either in tern ally or externally.

Sw am p Sa s sa f r a s .

Th is shrub grows on‘rich wild lan d,

t most Common ly a number together . Th etop is gen erally thick andflat ; and has

F


white blossoms, which grow in clusterslike white elder blows, succeeded by smallberries . The leav es s are oval, and

‘

end

in a slim poin t, and sometimes turn red

after they are full grown . Th e bark of

the young sprouts is green , but graduallychanges to a gray, until that is prodominan t ; but the green sprouts can gen er allybe foun d where it grows . Th e bark isa clean sing astringen t .

Sw ee t B i r ch .

This small forest tree grows mostly Incold climates . The bark tastes a “ littlelike Win tergreen and is admired by manyto eat . It is good toquicken the blood,when made in to tea or syrup .

T a g A ld er .

This shrub is gen erally known ; th ebark

,or tags, are a very cleansing medi

cin e, in tern ally or externally, as a washto sores, &c.



being red and the black raspberry black .

T h e leaves are an ex cellen t astringen tand diuretick .

T h ym e .

This is an evergreen , cultivated in garden s

,an d i s used by many in stead of

summer savory, in cooking . A numberof small stems rise from the same root

,

six or eight in ches high, an d form a bun ch,like sage

,or hysop . It is a good emme

nagogue .

W h i t e A sh .

The bark of the root, or body of thisWell kn own forest tree , makes an excellen t quick physick . Put what you wishto prepare in to a kettle

, and cover it withwater ; boil it suffi cien tly to get out th es trength

,then strain th e liquor, and boil

it down as thick as tar ; add a sufficien tquan tity of flour to make it in a stiffmass

CR IND IAN ; PHYS ICIAN . 65

for pills ; make th e pill the size of a peathree pills or more is a dos e .

’

V in e Map le .

It grows on rich moist land in woods,and sometimes by the side of fen ces . A

smoo th woody v in e, fifteen or twen ty feetlong, sprin gs up from a long slim root,which is about the size of a goose quill,of a bright yellow, an d Is a pleasan t bit -

7

ter . The young vin es are green , the older ones of a greenish brown , and st ill older on es gray. These bear scat teringleaves , a little hard maple leaves, but do

.

n ot terminate in so . many poin ts . Th e

s tem which supports the leaf is th ree or

four in ch es long, and generally un iteswith th e leaf about the fourth of. an inchfrom i ts edge . The root IS a good carmina tiv e and s timulan t, good forDyspepsia .

W a ln ut .

The -walnut , tree bears a .mi t with a

thick shell,which is eas ily separated fromr 2


it after it comes to maturity, but n ot before . The leaves of this tree are goodfor draughts

,and the bark a good vermi

fuge .W h i t e Coh u sh .

Gr ows in forests of beech and mapletimber, is div ided in to a number ofbran ches, a foot or more from the ground ; fromthe centre of the branches, a stem rises

,

which bears a cluster of white berries atthe end . The main root is not as goodas the fibres, on accoun t of its decay . Theroot and berries are a good carminativ emedicine .

This is too well known to require a de .

scription : the bark i s good for oin tmen ts,the flowers are a good laxative

,th e green

leaves are good for sores that are inflamed .

W h i t e P op lar .

This is one of the handsomest foresttrees our country affords : the bark of the

0R IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 67

root is an excellen t carmin ative and stimulaut medicin e .

W h i t e L i ly .

The root of this is large, an d grows att he bottom of ponds and bogs, where thewater is n ot too deep . Long stems fromthis support large leaves, and a beautifulwhite flower

,at the top of the water . The

root is a good astringen t, particularly inpoultices .

The inn er bark of this tree is good inpoultices ; tea made of th e buds, whenfull grown , is good to strengthen the uri .n ary organ s of those who cann ot holdtheir water through the n ight . Th e tur

pen tin e is good in salves and strengthening plasters .

W h i t e If'er v a i n .

The appearan ce of this' “ i s 4 something

like blue '

v ervain, except that it does'

not

68‘

EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

gen erally grow so high . The s temswhich the flowers grow on , lie more h or iz on tally than those of the blue

,T h e

flowers are white . It is a good clean singstimulan t, good in liver

"complain ts.

W i ld Gi n g er .

This grows In th e greatest abundanceon hemlock timbered land, but may befoun d on beech an d maple lan d . Theleaves are supported on foot stalks fouror fiv e in ches long, and are in shape somelike the bottom ofa colt’s foot, but broader .At the end of the root

,a ball puts out a

s h ort stem, from between the foot stalks,which con tain the seed . The ball is halfan in ch in diameter, or a little more . Th e

root is about . the size of a goose . quillv ery aromatick and s timulating . It , is

good in snufl‘.This turnIp . shaped root . grows on low

wild land, and is so well known that a

OR IND IAN ’PHYSICIAN . 69

de scription is ‘

needless . Th e root is ,a

good an t ispasmodick, expectoran t and

T h Is grows on low groun d, from on e

to two feet high , with two leaves at eachj oin t

,and bran ches abov e each leaf,

which are short n ear the bottom but longertowards th e top, un til the bran ches disappear

, and small burs,*

wh ich en circlethe stalk occupy their place . Burs of as 1milar description Cccupy all of the j oin tsof thebran ches, except the first from th e

s talk . The stalk is square an d furry ;the join ts from on e to two In ches apart atthe bottom

,but shorter all the way up .

This herb resembles pen nyroyal in tasteand smell, as well

"

as in its virtues .

T h ereare two kinds of this, that growcommon on u ncultivated upland . T h e

EXPERIENCED t sm mérr

large kind h as short foot s talks, whichspringfrom the root . Theotherkin d h asa stem about four in ches high

, wh ich sup

ports its leaves n ear the top . The rootsof both are slender and white

,an d run

from one plan t to another,sometimes a

number of yards . They are very clean s .ing and purifying to the blood .

This evergreen brake grows on richupland, and puts forth a number ofbranch es every spring, at which time th e old

ones decay down to the surface of th e

groun d , Th e branches are Sh ort and don ot stand erect . The leaves are thickand of a deep green . The root is a goodastringen t and s typtick .

This grows in pastures, and other Im .

proved land which has not been disturbedby ploughing for a year or two .

0 It has



This is cultivated in many garden s,and i s so well kn own as to render a descrIption unn ecessary. The herb is a goods timulan t and vermifuge

Yellow D ock .

This gr ows in garden s and ploughedfields

,where the groun d is rich . The

leav es are n arrow, and much esteemed bysome for green s . The root is very clean sing to the blood, used as a tea, or extern ally as a wash or oin tmen t .

Th is does not differ much from th e

w hite lily in fappearance, ex cept in thecolour . of the blossom, which is yellow.

Theroot is an excellen t article in poultices .

B a lsam of F i r .

This is obtained from blisters that formin the bark of the fir tree,which is 'found

CR INDIAN PHYSICIAN . 78Q

in many parts of th e Un ited St ates—goodfor tin ctures .

This is often cultivated in garden s, andalso grows wild In many parts of thiscountry . It sometimes rises to the

.

heightof four o r fi v e feet, dividing in to manybran ches, bearing at their top seeds resembling those of the common parsn ip .

The I oot i s divided in to a number of

bran ches . T h e seeds and roots h avean ai omatick, pungen t t

‘aste,very much

alike, either ofWhich Is agood carminativ e med icine

This grows on wet gr oun d : th e topsresemble those of th e common fi eld turn ip,and rem ain gr een through the W in ter .T he root Is nearly as large as that ‘Cf itheCrowFoot , is alsofleshy; and externallyof a

‘

dark ’brown : I t is an excellentastringen t .

74°

EXPERIENCED ,BOTAN IST

This’

is ciIltiv ated by many for a shadet ree, and in many places grows wild, andis gen erally kn own , where - i t grows . Itis a species of

” poplar, has large budscon tain ing a kin d of balsam

, wh ich‘

is t h e

most us eful part. The buds must beWarmed and pressed to extract the balsam .

This shrub is cultivated by many intheir gardens, yards, &c. The bark of

the r oot has long been used ih ' cases of

j aundice . It is an excellen t stimulan t .It bears small, long, red berries, the juiceof which is a v ery sharp acid .

Th i s is a common fores t tr ee on low

lan ds . Th eInn er bark of th e,

young tree,scrape d an d poun ded, makes an excellen t poultice .

CR IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 5

This Shrub grows in various kinds ofs oil, on hills, and in swamps, bearingberries close to its bran ch es, from wh icht h e Well kn own Bayberry tallow is made .

A further description is unn ecessary . Thebark {of th e ' root is a powerful and safea string en t .

This grows on wet swampy ground, tothe heigh t of eight or t en feet . It bearsabun dan ce of berries

,which are e when

rIpe . If thes e are chewed, they turn th eSpittle y ellow . The bark is thickly co

vered with white specks,and i s the part

used for medlcm e . It is a very good phys ick an d vermifuge .

This small forest tree grows eut

ecld,

hemlock timbered lan d, h asi

’

a'

st reak etl

gr een ish bark, the leaves are‘ large

,and

76 sw am -up s ") s omm sr

terminate in Several points like the mapleleaf

.Th e bark is an excellen t clean sing

medicine for th e blood .

This grows from twelve to twen tyin ch es high, on rich lan d, and i s dividedin to a number of bran ches, bearin g bursa t their extremities, which, when dry,resemble a dry red clover head . A num

ber of rough leaves grow close\

to theground . T h e root is the part used formedicin e, which is surrounded by anumber of fibres good for clean singth e blood.

This grows in garden s, ploughedfields, and in wet places . A squarestalk rises from two to four feet, has an umber of bran ches in opposite pairs,h earing at their extremities a roun d balllike flower, which is succeeded by forked

O R IND IAN PnYSICIAN . 77

seeds, about half an inch long : these areapt t o stick to clothes . Th e leaves andseeds are the

”

parts used for medicinewhich is good for Gravel .

This grows on hemlock timbered land,

h as a rough stalk from'

on

‘

e to two feet

high, a nd bears bunches of blue berriesthe root is the part used for medicin e,which is clean sin g to the blood .

T he root and s eed s “

are good incases of Grav el .

Qaa ss i a .

This ‘ is sold by th e apothecaries, and

is good for th eW hites .

78 EXPERIENCED BCTAN IST

. . This :is well ' known where . it grows,being much esteemed for its ton ick pro

per t ies : it is good in all cases of ob

structed Men ses .

I r on W'eed .

This is gen erally kn own , an d i s g oodin cases of Dropsy .

Th is is well kn own where i t grows,and is good in obstructed Men ses .

Dry,are good in allCases of Gravel .

This is a garden herb, a n d is good inall cases of Influenza


80 exr sRIENCED Bpr ANIs r

This gen erally grows on rich ground,and in bunches like that of hoarh ound,but th e ‘ leav es are a deep green andmuch larger .

This grows on low meadow land, byth e SIde of s treams, &c, It resemblesth e meadow cabbage . The fibres of theroot are good ( simmered in hog’s fat)for the Itch .

P ills, N o. 1 .

Mayapple root, 1 part,1 part,

Blood root, 1 - 2 part,Lobelia Inflata herb, 1 - 41 part

,

made in to a fine powder and well mixed with molasses to form a stid'

massMake th e pills the size of a pea—dosefrom four to seven pills ; children ia

'

pro

portion . Thisis th e bes t physick I hav e

on mums. PHYsrCIAN .

“ 1

ever used . If the stomach be foul, theywill act as an emetick .

Take th e bark of the root of WhiteAsh

, put What you Wlsh to prepare in toa kettle

,an d cover it Wlth water ; boil it

sufi cien tly to get out the strength, thenstrain the liquor and boil it down asthick as tar ; add a suffi cien t quan tity of

flour to make it in a stiff mass for pillsmake the pills the size of a pea—threepills or more is a dose .

Compound fi g ue P ills .

Tak e extract of Beef Gall an d bestPeruvian Bark, of each equal parts byweight : mix th em well together ; addsufficien t water or bookbin ders’paste tomake a s tifi massT- make the pillseof common srz e “


Emet ick,’

N o. 1 .

Take Ipecacuanha twen ty - fiv e grainsto four tablespoon sful of warm water

;mix them together

,an d take a table

spoon ful every fi v e minutes, un til it ac t sfreely Work it off with warmwater .

Emet ick, N 0. 2 .

Lobelia Inflata, two parts ; meadowcabbage, on e part ; these should be madefine and well mixed . A teaspoonful of

this may be mixed in a tea - cup half fu llof warm or cold water : stir it well together

, and take a teaspoonful of it ; andif it sh ould not cause distress in the stomach in fi v e minutes, a fourth of it may

be' taken at a time, on ce in fifteen mi

n utes,and the same quan tity repeated in

the same way, if it should not operate inthirty Or fifty minutes aftelil th e las t

p

is gi

v en . Emeticks should n ever be givenun til costiven ess is removed ; if it be,

on IND IAN f’HYSICIAN . ,83

excruciating pain may be the couse

quence .

E xp ectordn t P owder s .

T ake Mayapple roo‘t two parts, meadow cabbage two par ts, blood root onepart

,lobelia inflata on e part, all?made

fin e and Well mixed together— dose froma quarter to a half teaspoonful, in a tablespoonful of fresh water .

fi n t isp asmodiclc Powders .

Take meadow cabbage, In dian turn ipand pleurisy root, equal quan tities, allmade fi n e and well

,

mlxed togetherdose from a quarter to three quarters of

a teaspoonful . If all the roots can notbe had, they may be used separately .

Given in a tablespoonful of water.

S treng then ing P las ter .

Hemlock gum, 2,pounds

,,

Mutton tallow,

2

84 EXPE'

R'

IENéED ho’rAN’

IST

Bees’‘wax’,Burgun dy pitch, 3 pound 's . ~

Melt th e whole together, and strain itclear when about blood warm ; add halfa pound of ‘

pulveri z ed‘

cumfrey, and mix

them well by st irr ing until cold . Thesemake an excellen t strengthen ing plaster .

Oin tment , No. 1 .

Bitter sweet bark of the root, hogs’

fat, of each equal parts ; simmer . i t overa slow fi re for several hours, as hot as it

'

can be, without cris‘

ping the articles thenpress out th e oin tment, an d pi

'e'

serv e‘

i t

from th e ai r for ii ‘se .

Swamp alleber‘root

, yellowdock root,of each equal parts : simmer it well infresh butter without salt, for several hours .This is th e best oin tmen t for Itch, I ev erused .

on , INDIAN PIIYSICIAN:

Take O in tmen t No . 2,Salt Betre mad e fine, 2 parts,

Un i tel

th'

em well together . This’

is t h e

best oin tmen t’

for T'

et ter ' f have seen .

Bees’wax , 1 pound,: 2 poun ds,

Ion , then -

s train : This oin tmen t is/good

In all cases ofW hite Swellings .

v el ; cover it ~with 1sh eet iron, to preven t


together;‘ to make it th e con sisten cy of

s alve .

Tinctur e of H emlock .

“

Half an oun ce of the oil of hemlock,half an oun ce of

(

h emlock gum, half an

ounce of gum guaIacum add this com

poun d to three half pints'

of alcohol—digest for Six days

T in cturefor Rheumat ism .

Take spiken ard,sc'oke berries

,equal

p arts to half a poun d of this compoundadd on e quart of rye wh iskey, or goodFren ch bran dy—dose from a half to a

win eglassful, three times a day, in banicases .

L in imen t for Rheumat ism .

Take 1 gill of beef- gall,1 gill of whiskey,1 gill of fin e salt

Boil them until they un ite . Thiscured Rheumatism of "twenty year s’


88 EXPERIENCED ‘

Eo'

rAN Is'

r

of assafoet ida, 8 parts : dose on e tea

spoonful .

Tinctur efor Sore Br easts .

Take hemlock tincture . lobelia inflatat incture

,equal p arts

S treng then ing Bi t ter s .

Golden seal, é part,

Gin seng, 1 part,Gin sen

,1 part

,

Chamomile flowers,

1 part,Lemon peel

, 1 part.O ne oun ce of this compound is to be puti n a quart of “wm e or wh iskey . Dosehalf a win e - glassful .

Tooth P owders .

Bayberry bark, 1 part,

Tann ers’bark, 1 part,Black Alder bark,

‘

1 part,W ild Ginger

,1 part,

all pulv erized and well mixed .

on IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 89

Castor oil,Wormseed oil,Spirits turpen tin e

well mixed t ogether .

spoonful to a child on e

proportion .

No . 1 .—Cancer Salv e.

Take a suffi cien t quan tity of ashes of

White ash bark to an oun ce of muttont allow ; add to this half a gill of Frenchbrandy : mix them well together to ‘

forma salv e .

No . 2 .—Salv e.

Bitter sweet,

Mutton tallow,Bees’wax,

S immer this c ompound

8 parts,1 part,1 part

,

D ose one teayear old

,age in

2 parts,1 part

,

2 parts,é par t .

well for twelve

90 EXPERIENCED" BOTANI sr

For a common syrup after a diseasetake ague weed, elecampan e, spikenardmeadow cabbage, swamp snake root an dswee t fern

,of each two tablespoonfuls,

and four tablespoonfuls of linn wood ;put the whole in to an iron kettle

, WI th

three quarts of pure water ; simmer i taway on e half, then strain and sweeteni t sufiicien tly to make it palatable, a ndadd one pin t of splri ts

‘

to keep it fromsouring : when about blood warm, addtwo tablespoon fuls of Indian turmp .

Dose one tablespoonful three times a day .

Rattle root,

6 parts,

Indian physick,

' 2 parts,

Rhubarb fine, Q‘

par ts,

Meadow cabbage, 3 parts

,

Spiken ard, cs parts .Put this compound int o apot ; add ' a sufficien t quan t ity of pure

fWater, boil down


92 EXPERIEN CED BOTAN IST

Emetich‘s—Medicine which causes vomiting .

Emmen agog ues Medicin e to causemen struation .

Ewp ector an t s4 Medicinewhich in

creases the discharge of mucus from thelungsL ax at iv es—Mild physick .

S t imulan ts—Medicin e that excites sensation .

S typ t ich'

s—Medicin e that stops bleeding .

Sudor ificlcs A medicine that pro .

motes sweat .Vermifug e Medicine th at e xpels

worms .

oR INDIAN PHYS ICIAN .

'

93

RUL ES

To be obser v ed in collect ing and cur ing

Barks from th e bodies of trees, orlarge roots, should be collected in Jun eor July, as

"

they are then much s t rongerthan earlier In the season : after thatt ime they wi ll not be apt to peel freely .

The outsi de bark, or ro ss, sh ould be taken off before it is peeled, so t hat what

youn g t hri fty trees should always be pre

Roots of all kin ds sh ould ‘

be gather edin th e fall, as they then possess their fullstrength, which must, in a great measure, be lost by freezing . Large rootsshould be cut in to th In pICCes across theirlength, so that they can dry more speedily . The bark of small

’roots should be

beateh’ or . scraped 011

"

while green, as i twould be diflicult to get it ofi '

(after it is

94: EXPERIENCED BOTAN Is'

r

d ry ; besides, it will dry the better afteri t is 0111.

These, as well as large roots, sh ouldbe carefully examin ed, and all uselesssubstan ces separated from them, beforethey are dried

,either by washing, scrap

i ng or cutting ; as suCh substances are

injurious in every respect .

Herbs of every kin d should be gathered before th eIr blossoms all disappear,as their strength fails after that time .

They should be free from the wet of rainor dew when collected, particularly examined, all dead leaves an d useless substan ces of every kind removed, and theleaves and flowers carefully preserv edfor use .

Medicin e should be dried in an upperroom

,near the roof, where damp air can

be kept out, an d fresh dry air admitted .

W hen i t is suffi cien tly dry, and carefully packed in paper, place it where it willbe secure from the air or dampness .


96‘ EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

without even consulting your own'

j udgmerit in the case . Please to‘

make andther trial, and

“ take, at least, as muchpain s to cure ~~the medicin e for .yourself

and family, as you do t h e food for yourcattle, and you will think, as -I n owdo,that mercury is useless as a medicine

O f F E V ER S i n g en era l.

As more than half of mankind are saidto perish by fevers, i t i s of imppr tance tobe acquain ted with their causes . Th e

mos t general causes of fevers are infection , errors in diet, unwholesome air, violen t emotion s of m i nd, suppression of

usual evacuation s,external or in tern al

injuries,and extreme degrees of h eat f or

cold .

Fevers are not only the most frequen tof all diseases

, but they are likewise th e

oR INDIAN P HYSICIAN . 97

most complex : in th e m ost simple spe

cies. of fever there IS always a combine .

t ion - hf several d ifferen t symptoms . Th e

distinguishing symptoms of fever are, Increased heat, frequency of pulse, loss ofappet ite

, g en eral debility, and a difliculty in

‘

performing some cf the mm"or an i

mal functIon s . T h e other symptoms usually atten dan t on fevers are, n ausea,thirs t, anx 1ety , wearin ess, wasting of th eflesh, wan t of sleep, or the sleep dis turbed an d n ot refresh ing .

When the fever comes on gradually,the patien t generally complain s first of

languor, soren ess of the .fleshior of th e

bones, h eavmess oft h e head, loss of appetite, sickness, with clamminess of th emouth : a ft er s ome time come on execs'

s ive heat, violent thirst, rest lessn ess, &c.

W hen the fever attacks sudden ly, it all.ways beginswith an uneasy sen sation of

ex cess1v e cold,accompan ied with dehili

ty and loss «of appetite frequen tly thecold 13 at tended with shivering, oppres

98 EXPERIENCED EO TANISD

s Ion about the h eart, and sickness at sto-

z

mach, Or vomiting .

tFev ers are divided in to con tinual, re

mitting, in termitting, and such as are at

tended with cutan eous eruption or topical inflammation , as th e small - pox, erisypelas, 81 0. By a con tinual fever ismean t that which n ever leaves the patien t during the whole course of the disease, or which shows no remarkable increase ' or abatement in the symptoms .This kind of fever is likewise dividedin to acute, s low, and malignant . Thefever 1s called acute when its progress isquick and the symptoms are violen t : butwhen these are more gen tle, it is gen erally den omin ated slow When livid orpetechial spots shew a putrid state of thehumours, the fever Is called malignan t,putrid, or petechial .A remitting fever difl'ers from a con ti

nual only in degree ; It”

h as frequen t increas es or decreases, or e xacerbation sand remissions, but nev er wholly, leaves


100 EXPERIENCED eBOTANI ST

cold , have all the symptoms ,

'

of a beginn ing fev er ; but by keeping warm, drinking

’herb teas, bathin g their feet ,

in warinwater, &c. , the symptoms in a few hoursdisappear, and the danger is preven ted .

When fevers of a putrid kind threaten ,the best method of obviating their effectsis by repeated physicks and " vomits . Itis likewise a common n otion , that it isalways n ecessary to raise a sweat in thebeginn ing of a fever . As fevers oftenproceed from an obstructed perspiration,this n otion is not ill foun ded. . If thepa

tien t on ly lies in bed, bathes his feet andlegs in warm water, and drinks"

~

freely of

herb teas, he will seldom fail to perspirefreely . In all fevers a proper atten tionshould be paid to the patien t’s longings .These are the calls of nature, an d oftenpoin t out what may be of real use . Pa

tien te are n ot, indeed, to be indulged inevery thing that the sickly appet ite maycrave ; but i t is generally righ t to lett hem hav e a little of what th ey eagerly

on IND IAN PHYSIC IAN . 101

d esire, though it may n ot seem altogeth er

proper: What the patien t longs for, h isstomach will generally digest ; and suchthings have sometimes a v ery h appy ef

W hen ,

‘

a patien t isv

recov erlng‘

from a

fever, great care i'

s

'

n ecessary to prev en ta relapse . lllIany person s, by too soonimagi n ing themselves well, hav e lost themlives, or con tracted an other disease of anobstinate n ature . A s

l

th e body after afever IS weak and delicate

,it IS n ecessary

to guard again st catching cold . Mo

derate exercise in‘

the open an will be of

use, but great fatigue is by all mean s tobe avmd ed : agreeable company ~willalso

’

h av e a good - effect .~

Th e d iet mustbe light, but n ourishing . It Sh ould be

It i s dangerous”, at such a time, to eat-

as

much as the s tomach may crav e .


I nflam m a to r y F e v er .

This fever most frequently attacks theyoung in th e v igour

'

,of their life—suchas are of a rust ic, sanguin e, athletic con .

st itution, who indulge themselves in l iving freely; though Sufficien t causes willbri ng it on, in some

'

degree, In almostany constitution and way of lIV Ing . I t

attacks‘

a t all season s, but most fre ,

quen tly in the spring and beginning of

summer,CAU SES . Heat and cold alternately,

or v ari ously applied, fatigue, anger, immoderate use of spirituous liquors,watching, 8m. 8m.

SYMPToMs .—It dis covers itself by a

las situde, with a dull sen sation of thebody, debility, alternating chills , and

heats, tremors, pains throughout th e

whole body, but more particularly aboutthe shoulders, back, knees and h ead .

These are succeeded by an in ten se andburn ing heat, an incx t inguishable th irst,


1045 EXPERIENCED BOTANIS'I‘

barley i vater, herb teas with apple water,tamarind water or jelly and water,maybe given largely .

CURE . Bathe the feet, applymustarddraughts to them, then giv e an EmetickNo . 1 ; four hours after this has don eoperating, give a physick of Pills No . 1 ;

make a s trong tea of pleurisy root, balmand spicebush of this glv e the patien ta win eglassful every hour for twen tyfour hours ; th en give a tea of sp i ce bushalon e . It may be n ecessary to give ex

pectoran t powders three times a day .

After the fever has gon e off, if the patien t

is much reduced, let h im take a tea.

'

Spoonful of bark in port win e or in water,every three hours, till he has taken an

oun ce : after which,h e may take one or

two more at longer in tervals : h e shoulduse gen tle exercise .

Those of relaxed fibres and weak ner

CR IND IAN PHYSIC IAN. 105

v ous t sy stem, are the person smost subjectto this fever .1CAUSES . 2 ExceSSIv e evacuation s, re

peated salivation s, immoderate ven ery,depression s of the’min d from gr_

ief, _

wa tch

ing and n igh t study, humid stagnan t airof sub terraneous apartmen ts, indigestiblefood, especially such as is unfit for nutri tion , as of Cold watery fruits, thinclothing, rai ny seasons, soft moist win

S YMPTOMS . This fever approacheswith dejecti‘on of mind, loss

i

of appetite,

Oppression , sleeplessn ess,involun tary

groan s, repeated sigh s , fear, unusuallassitude after motion , and altern ate

After some days, aTsvvimming or pain

in the head comes on , WI th‘

SIck'

stomach

and . v omiting of in sipi d phlegm,grea t

weakness, moderate heat, in sen sibilityt othirst ; frequen t, Weak, and somet imesin termittingpulse ; a moi st tongue, sometimes red, - 1'a

,nd at other times cov ered

£06 EX'

I’ERIEliIbED B'

OTAN'

IST

with a White or yellowish tough mucusdry lips, oppression about the breast, anddiflicult breathing pale watery orWheylike urin e ; a dull sen se '

of pain s aboutthe breas t and head, doi ing,‘ dellrlum,

’

redn ess and warmth of the face,whilstthe feet ' ar ‘

e cold 5‘ a tenden cy and disposi

tion to 'be easily and frequen tly disturbedby dreams . After these have taken placeand continued sometimes, they arefol.lowed by immoderate sweats and wast .ing

‘

lax es, great dulness and slothfuln essof the extern al and in ternal sen ses, ‘

anxi .

ety and fain ting , An d now, nature bein gexhausted by the disorder, the tonguetremble

'

s, the extremities from a coolness

become cold,the n ails turn livid, sight

and hearing perish, the delirium turn s toacoma

,the belly and bladder are inv ol.

un tarily ev acuated,‘topical convulsions

come on ; the symptoms in crease in ‘ th'eeven ing . The delirium 1s on ly a muttering con tinually—v quite differen t from thedelirium of the '

fo'

Imer feve r : though i n



suited teth e patien t’s appetite, and changed so as not to pall h im »with any one .

WIne an d water may be used from th e

beginn ing, though then it may only begivento allay th e th irs t/ and should bemade weak : fiv e or six times a day a‘

cup’

full may be given, even though th epatien t do n ot ask for it ; but as theStrength fails, it Should be made strongerand stronger, and given In as largequantity as a person in health could take .

W hen the win e has n ot the effect of increasmg t he symptoms, and renderingthe pulse too quick, it may be safelyCon tinued in . Claret is supposed to bet h e best .Ch an .

—A v omi t of No . 1 may begiven in the beginn ing , and may be re

peated th e n ext day : the bowelS shouldbe opened with a dose of PillsNo . 1 ,

and after give one pill n ight an d morni ng, to prev en t co

'stiven ess : use a tea of

pleuri sy root for constan t drink . An tispasmodic powders should be given three

on iNDIAN PHYS IC IAN. 109

t imes a day, un til the n ervous debility'

is

sufi cien tly restored .

The patien t sh ould carefully shun all'

the causes, an d use a gen erous diet, withregular varied exerci se ofbody andmin d,an d be Sparing of his strength .

P u t r i dfi

F ev er .

Thos e wh o are of a relaxed h abit andgloomy disposition those Wh o h avebeen debilitated by living upon badvictuals, by v en ery, fami n e, labour, or

los s of rest,&c. , easily take this feve r,

which is‘ caused by putrid con taglon or

n oxious air, and With diffi culty emergefrom it .SYMPTOMS —4 15 m in ten se con suming

though remitting heat, particularly in .

wards ; small, frequen t, and un equal

pulse, Without strength throbbing of theart eries . that run along the neck and

temples ; , great wprOStrat ion of s t ren gt h ;heaviness Without sleep, and wh en sleep

1 10 EXPER IENCED BOTAN IST

does take place, little or no refreshmen ti s gain ed from it ; an anxious, dej ected,and desponding mind n ausea and v om

iting of black bile, pain of the h ead and

temples, redn ess of the eyes,and pain

about their sockets ; dusky coun tenan ce,n oise in the ears, in terrupted breathing,with sighs and fmt id breath ; pain s aboutthe stomach , joints, and back ; d iffi cultyof lying in on e posture, trembling, delirium .

‘ At first, the tongue is whiti sh,but quickly ch anges blackish, wh ils tath elips , teeth, an d gums are beset with atough, disagreeable mucus ; an in ex tin

guish able thirs t attends with a bitter,mawkis h taste, which is commun icatedto the drink . The urin e, on the in creaseof the disorder, becomes blackish or redwith a sedimen t ; the sweats becomefoetid, the stools livid, black or bloody,and very fmtid ; and if the fever goeson , a thrush and ulcers attack th em outh

and throat ; blood is discharged from



this he s hould con tinue In for some timeafter he has recovered, though in

’

smaller

doses . A fresh airing every day, afterrecovery, w ill be highly useful .CURE . A vomit ofNo . 2 . should be

given as quickly ‘as p ossible ; this shouldbe followed tby a dose of pills No . 1 . A

tea of ague weed, v ervain, and lemonbalm Should be used for con stan t drink .

The belly should be fomen ted withWormwood, smart weed, and tan sey :two pills, n ight and morn ing, Should beused to keep the bowels regular .

Sometimes spots break out in this feverthen it h as been termed the spotted

fever : at other times , there is a yellown ess of the skin then it is termed theyellow fever : in this last case, the symptoms of putridity in this coun try are morelen ien t

,and a con siderable vomiting

sometimes hinders the giving of medicin e : in this case, apply a mustardplaster to the breast .

on IND IAN PHYS I C IAN . 1 1 3

R e - ifi en t F ev er .

CAUSES .—Exposure t o th e sun for

hours toge ther,or the effects of a cool

even ing,an d other similar causes after

fatigue or summer heat . Th us'

th ere i sn o differen ce in the real causes of thisfever and in termitten ts, except in thedegree an d mode of their application .

SYMPTOMS . Altern ating colt and

heat, followed by a con tinued heat and a

fever sometimes a delIrIum comes on atthe first attack . The patien t is distres sed With th irst an d v omI ting, usually of

bile ; pain of the head, back, an d j oin tsthe region of the stomach swells, and becomes painful ; the tongue is white and

moist, and the patien t is harassed withSleeplessn ess ; the skin and eyes are ofa yellow' cas t ; the puls e is sometimes alittle hard

, an d seldom full ; the bowelsare somet imes bound

,sometimes loose .

With these symptoms the fever usuallyproceeds for two, three, four, five

, s 1x ,

K 2

1 14: EXPER IENCED BOTAN IST

seven , eight, or n in e days ; at one of

which times, after a little Sweat, it remits,an d the patien t becomes eviden tly better .After a few hours h av e elapsed

,com

monly in the even ing, the accessioncomes on , sometimes with, at other timeswithout a chill, and so goes on as before in this mann er that is, by access ion s an d remISSIon s, the fever goes ontill its fi nal period .

After the fever has gon e off, a greatlightness of the head atten ds, so that thepatien t can scarcely walk : rheumaticpain s an d dropsical swellings sometimesfollow .

MANAGEMENT. The patien t shouldbe kept cool and airy ; he should hav eplen ty of acid drinks, as lemonade, j elly,tamarin d water ; and for food he shouldhave toasted bread

,moisten ed with a little

tea, baked fruits, rice, barley, &c. : but

these, though proper, will seldom havea place, as the patien t can scarcely evercon tain on his stomach what his little ap .



an in termitting fever from any other ; an dth e proper medicin e for it is now out for

sale .CAUSES .

—Agues are occasion ed byeflluv ia from putrid stagn an t water . Thisis eviden t from their abounding in rainyseason s, and being most frequen t in countries where the soil is marshy . Thisdisease may also be occasion ed by eating too much ston e fruit, by a poor wa

tery d iet, damp houses, ev en ing dews,lying upon damp ground, watching, fatigue

,depressing passion s

, and the like .

When the inhabitan ts of a high coun tryremove to a low one, they are generallyseized with in termi tting fevers ; and tosuch the diseas e is most apt to prove fatal . In a word, whatever relaxe s thesolids, dimin ishes the perspiration , or

obstructs the circulation in the capillaryor small vessels, disposes t h e body toagues .SYMPTOMs .

- An in termitting fever generally begins with a pain of the head and

O R IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 1 17

loin s, weariness of the limbs,coldn ess

of the extremities , s tretching, yawn ing,with Sometimes great sickn ess and V 0

miting ; to wh ich succeed Shiverin g and

violen t shaking . Afterwards the skinbecomes moist, an d a profuse sweatbreaks out , which gen erally termin atesth e fit or paroxysm . Sometimes

,indeed

,

the disease comes on sudden ly, when th eperson thinks himself in p erfect health ;but it i s more common ly preceded bylistlessn ess

,loss of appetite, and the

symptoms men tion ed aboveMANAGEMENT . Between the parox

y sms the patien t must be supported withfood that is nourish ing, but light and ea

sy of diges tion , as veal or chicken broths,light puddings, and such like ; his drinkmay be weak pun ch .

CURE . Take a puke of No . 2 ; sixhours after take a dose of pills N O . 1

then take the compound ague pillsThree hours before the shake edmes on ,

t ake three pills ; on e hour after the firs t

1 18 EXPERIENCED EOTANIST

h ave been taken , take four pills ; and

two hours after the second dose,take

five pills . Con tinue this way,at the

Same hours each day, for three days,which Wlll perform a perfect cure .

B i liou s F e v er .

When a con tinual, remitting, or un remitting fever is accompan ied with a frequen t or copious evacua tion of bile, ci

ther by vomit or stool, the fever is denom in ated bilious . The bilious fever generally makes its appearan ce about theend of summer, an d ceases towards theapproach of win ter . It is most frequen tand fatal in warm coun tries

,especially

where the soil is marshy, and when greatrain s are succeeded by sul try heats .Person s who work without doors, or whoare exposed to the n ight air, are most liable to this kin d of fever .

MANAGEMENT .—In case of a violen t

looseness,the patien t must be supported


EXPERIENCED BOTANIS

i

T

saffron flowers : of this tea give the pat ien t a win eglassful every hour for twenty - four hours ; then give a win eglassful,three times a day, for two or three days ;give on e pill n ight and morn ing, to preven t costiven es s . This mann er of treatmen t will open the pores an d keep thefluids active, so that health will be re a

stored .

P u t r i d S or e Th r oa t .

This disorder has for Its cause specificcon tagion, an d therefore attacks all agesan d con stitution s .SYMPTOMS . - I t begin s with chills,

which are followed by an in ten se and

burn ing heat ; a swimming and pain of

the head ; a troublesome sen sation in thethroat ; sickness an d vomiting ; loosen ess ; inflamed an d watery eyes ; tumidand flushed face ; with a stiffn ess of t h e

n eck, a small, frequen t and irregularpulse, foetid breath, and a disagreeable

O R INDIAN PHYS IC IAN . 1 2 1

t aste . Very soon white spots appear onthe g lands each SIde of the palate ; and

these, with the palate, appear red, swol

len and glossy . These spots spread andunite, covering almost all of the mouthwith thick sloughs, which , falling off

,

leave ulcers In their places : the redn es sand tumour are sometimes extended tothe in ternal parts of , the n ose. Theglands about the neck are sometimesswelled to an alarming degree. As th ecomplain t advan ces

,dis charges of blood

from differen t parts are frequen t an d

sometimes a gangren e takes place at th ebeginn ing of the windpipe . The patien t’s v oice is hoarse an d flat, though hisswallowmg is n ot usually ‘

inuch impeded . W ith these symptoms It run s on

from two to seven or more days, increasing every ev enIng .

MANAGEMENT ; - F or food, drinks and

g en eral man agemen t, the same may beused as directed . for th e Putrid F ever ;

1 22 EXPERIENCED BOTANI ST

on ly a les s degree of cold will be requis i te in this .

CURE —In the first place gIv e a mildpurge of castor ‘

O il : this should be con tinued every other day, wh ile medicin e i sn ecessary . Make use of a snuff severaltimes in a day, made of Indian ph ys ICkand wild ginger

,equal parts ; an oin t th e

throat an d n ose ‘ three times a day withoin tmen t No . 1 ; make a wash of goldenseal

,by scalding i t—let it stan d till it is

blood warm ; wash the mouth three timesa day, an d let the patien t swallow someof the same . A tea of saffron and spicebush Should be used for con stan t drink .

S ca r let F ev er .

This complain t cannot possibly be se

parated from the putrid sore throat, as

the affection of t h e throat, eruption of th e

skin,and low or putrid

‘

fever, which are

the chief symptoms, are attendan ts O IL

both : added to this, the same contagiom


1 24: EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

cd—at other times little or none . Whenever any phlegm is discharged

,which

the patien t gen erally makes many at

tempts to do, i t is”

attended with relief.MANAGEMENT .

- The patien t should

use light food, such as will n ot produceflatulency ; his drink should be of t h e

cooling kind . He Should be in a placewhere there is a free admission of an ,

yet n ot exposed to cold .

CURE—A vomi t of No . 1 should begiven in the beginn ing, after which giveexpectoran t powders three times a day .

Make use of a tea made of bitter sweetand burdock root for con stan t drink .

N ew milk (no-

t strain ed) and good win e,equal parts, a wineglassful every morning, has had a good effect .

Th e P i les .

CAUSES .—T he following are found to

be the usual causes, v i z : much walkingor riding, costiven ess, long con tinuance

OR IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 1 2 5

in an erect posture, strong purges, sup .

pressed n atural or artificial evacuation s,fall i ng down of the gut, drinking largequant ities of watery liquors, grief, ob

s truct ion s of the liver, pregn an cy, highliving, &c.

SYMPTOMS . The symptoms of thisdisease

,

. n ot being always alike, havemade some variety and distinction of it .Thus, there are the blind piles, whenth e tumor is n ot visible ; the common

piles, when the tumors appear with outbleeding : an d t h e bleeding l es

,when

they discharge blood . However,there

are gen eral symptoms which are commonto all ; as a pain an d swimming in theh ead, stupor, sick stomach, with pain sin the bowels and back, which frequen tly precede, an d in some cases a fever also : a - sen se of fuln ess an d itching areth e

’

local symptoms ; these are soon re

liev ed in the bleedin g p iles, when thatt akes place, and frequen tly th e es tablishmen t of th e tumor

,is attended with an

L 2


alleviation of tbe. symptoms . Sometimesblood only comes away with the stools,but a t oth er times a con siderable, con

stan t discharge alarms the patien t . Thisaffection i s apt to return at stated in tervals, and to in crease .

MANAGEMENT .—All the causes, as far

as possible, are to be avoided, and tem

perance is strictly to be observed by theplethoric : light vegetable food an d coolacid drinks are proper during the affec

tion . Much atten tion should be givento regularity, and especially in keepingthe bowels in a proper state . In leanpatien ts a flann el shirt is Often n ecessary .

CURE .—Apply a strengthen ing plas

ter to the small of the back ; make a teaof crow - foot, and of this take a win e .glassful on ce a day . Mix Castile soapand oin tmen t No . 1—of this take a pillthe size of a cherry

,on ce a day . If th e

tumor should appear extern ally, apply

oin tmen t No . 1 three times a day .



shivering, which are followed by heat,thirst and restlessness. To "these suc

ceed s a v iolen t pricking pain in on e of

the Sides,among the ribs . Sometimes

the pain extends towards the back bon e,

sometimes towards the fore part of thebreast, and at other times towards theshoulder - blade . The pain is gen erallythe mos t violen t when the patien t drawsin his breath . The pulse in this disease i scommonly quick an d hard, the urin ehigh - coloured

,and

,if blood be let

,it is

covered with a tough crust , or bufl'y coat .The patien t’s spittle is at fir s t thin , butafterwards it becomes streaked withblood .

MANAGEMENT . The patien t’s dietmust be light and easy to digest .CURE . Bathe the feet, and apply

mustard draughts to them ; then give a

v omit of No . 1 four hours after, give a.

dose of pills N O . 1 ; then giv e expec.

toran t powders every three hours con

t inue them as long as the stomach can

OR IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 129

h ear them ; apply a blister to the Side ;make a tea of sycamore bark, whitebeech bark, an d pleurIsy root, for con

stan t drink ;

B a s t a r d P leu r i sy .

T hat spec1es of pleurlsy, which Is

called the bastard or spurIous, gen erally

goes off by keepIng warm for a few days,and drinking plen ty of the tea recom

mended for PleurIsy .

SYMPTOMS . It is kn own by a drycough, a quick pulse, an d a diffi culty of

ly ing on the afl'ected side ; which lastdoes n ot always happen in the true

pleurisy .

Im m od er a t e F lowm g of t h e Mcn se s .

CAUSES . High living, excess indrink an d ven ery, Shocks from falls

,

dan cing,passion s

,n eglecting abstin en ce

in time of , men struating, inflammatoryfevers, o ther

’evacuation s ~ checked, cos .“

1 30 EXPERIENCED BOTANIST

t iv en ess, cold applied to the feet, frequen tmiscarriages, difli cult labours, n eglectingto nurse , livingtoo warm, drinking muchtea or coffee, purging, &c. &c.

SYMPTOM S . An immoderate flowingis usually preceded by head - ache, giddiness, an d diffi cult breathing : a Shuddering immediately precedes the discharge— with this

,also

,a pain in t h e

back and feverishness frequen tly attend .

After a large discharge, a general debillty en sues ; th e puls e becomes weak,the stomach Sick, respiration difficul tupon the least motion , the feet cold an d

swoln, especially towards even ing, whena fever takes place of the hectic kind .Palpitation s, fain ting , and fearfulne

'

ss aren ot un common symptoms : the V VlIi tes

frequen tly follow .

MANAGEMENT . The causes of thiscomplain t discover to us that it may takeplace in two states of the system one

when i t is overloaded or plethoric,the

other when i t is debilitated ; each of


£3 2 EXPERIENCED BOTAN IS’I'

win e and water, (more or less, in proportion to the debility,) and gen tle

,t e

gular exercise .

CURE . Use a tea made‘

of quassia—one wineglassful three times a day .

O b s t r uct ed Men se s .

CAUSES . Gold is one of the mostcommon causes, either when applied tothe body during men struation , or whenit h as

,at a preceding time, brought on a.

complain t called a cold ; diseases ofmuchpain or action in other parts

,debility

,

excessive evacuation s, and low passion sof the mind, are also causes . As th edisorder is so well marked, I n eed not

men tion the symptoms that en sue in thosewho have on ce had t he men ses, but shallconfine myself to the symptoms that takeplace in girls who have n ever had them

,

although they hav e passed over the proper time . This is called, properly, a reten tion of the men ses .

on IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 1 3 3

The patien t, after the age of thirteen,

(but h ow long after is un certain) i s af

fected with a loss of appetite, sluggishn

'

ess,lassitude and debility ; the coun te

n an ce becomes pale or swar thy, an d thebody un iversally flaccid ; th e legs swell,especially at n ight

,and the belly some

times swells also : whilst pain s affect thehead

,back and other parts respiration

is gen erally laborious .

CURE .—Make use of expectoran t pow

ders three times a day ; make a tea of

rue, tan sey an d smar t weed, for con stan tdrink

,used warm ;w grate horse - radish

an d put it in port wine—take of this on ewin eglassful every morn ing . It is sometimes n ecessary to use

“ a tea made of bitter sweet and burdock, for the firs t twoWeeks .

I nflam m a t ioh of t h e Eye .

CAUSES . i These act ei ther externallyor in ternally

,though frequen tly both take

M

1 3 43 EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

place in producing the affection . T h e

externals are, violen ce, dust, cold winds,changes from heat to cold ; vIewmg min ute obj ects or bright bodies ; metallicfumes ; great heat, especially when ac

compan ied with moisture ; n ight reading,&c. The in ternal causes are, ch eckedexcretion s, as the men ses, &c. repulsionof some eruptive disorders ; long con tin ued ulcers dried up ; immoderate use ofspirituous liquors an d spices ; fevers

,

measles, scrofula, ven ereal disease, &c.

&c.

SYMPTOMs .—Redn ess, swelling, stiff

n ess an d pain of the ball of t h e eye, orthe lids—both

, from an inflammation of

the vessels that pass over an d throughthem, being filled with too much blood,or with red blood

,in stead of the fine

white parts of it . When the inflammation is con siderable

,a fever attends ; and

in such cases there is a danger of the effeets, un less speedily prevented by cur

ing the disease .


e s INm AN rm s rcu x . 1 37

drinks, withsut any mix ture of spiri t

h is food sheald be ligh t and easy ta diges t.

ml t he symptoms demand it and t he pa‘

t ient be able (a bear it . Th e pulse will

usually be t he brst g uide for. if th is

danger fmm bleeding.

A dose at pills No. 1 should be given

alt er th e. first bleeding . and it may be h e

cessary ts rcpsat this t he nex t d“ . Ap

serv ire . A nourish ing fillet and t he use


SYMPTOMS . It begin s with rigors,

which are followed by heat,pain an d

throbbing of the head,disturbed sleep

,

noise within the head and ears, inflam

mation an d pain in the eyes, with inability to bear the ligh t and n oise

, and abloated coun tenan ce ; the pulse is low,oppressed an d quick—often weak as wellas low

,though sometimes it is hard ; th e

patien t con tinues without any sleep for along time —sometim‘es till the eighth daythe arteries along the n eck perceptiblythrob

,an d blood sometimes issues by

drops from the n ose great debility, anxiety and sighing attend, ye t the patien t issubjec t to anger

,fierce delirium,

star tingsand convulsion s . When the disorder hasceased, a swimming an d heaviness of thehead, weak eyes, and great delicacy of

hearing, atten d for a con siderable time .

MANAGEMENT . The patien t shouldbe confin ed in an airy

,darkened

,silen t

and cool room ; his bed should be hard,and his head somewhat raised upon it ;



this disorder,as slighter on es may cause

a relapse .

Qu in sy .

CAUSES .—The application of cold to

the n eck or throat ; a stream of cool airapplied with force to the very part, as inriding and run n ing ; ( these causes produce th eir effect more certainly when preceded by heat) exercising the parts thatsuffer, as in s inging

‘

and loud speaking ;suppressed evacuation s

,or artificial eva

en ation s that have been long used,n e

gleeted .

SYMPTOMs .- This complain t usually

appears with redn ess and swelling of th eglands situated on each side of th e pa

late : on e is usually most swelled in thebegin n ing

,and

,as this declines

,the other

increases ; a pain that shoots towards theear

,at tends, with feverish symptoms, an d

a strong, full , quick pulse ; the patien tfeels a d isagreeble clammin ess, and thetumor is usually tipped with whitish mm

O R IND IAN PHYS I C IAN . 1 3 9

cus . In some cases the external partsare much swelled ; sometimes scarcelyany tumor is to be perceived by lookIngin to the mouth, and at the s ame time thed ifii culty of swallowin g, and pain

,mav

be very con siderable in the worst casesthe breathing becomes very diffi cult

,t h e

tumors closing up t h e pas sage almost ent irely ; then the patien t sits wi th his mouthOpen , his drinkTegurgi tates through hisn ostrils

,and he is r eady

‘

to strangle everyminute for wan t of a free respiration ,which is totally impeded

,when th e pati

en t dies .

MANAGEMENT . The patien t Sh ouldbe kept n either hot nor cold ; he sh ouldhave a light vegetable diet, of afluidpreparation ; his drink should be of theacid kin d, an d n ot cold or warm,

but

j ust aired . H is head should be kept upin bed,

'

or he may S it up altogether .Speaking, an d every exertion of thethroat, should be avoided .

CURE . W arm water and vmegar

1 40 EXPERIENCED BoTAN I sT

should be in spired from ' a proper mach in efor the purpose, or from a funn el putover a wooden bowl of water an d vinegar ; the mouth Sh ould be ‘ frequen tly

gargled with a tea made of golden seal ;a blister should be applied un der t h ethroat

,of a slim form

,so that it may

reach from ear to ear the bowels shouldbe regularly kep t

‘

open with castor oilmake use of balm tea for con stan t drink,this imay

w

be th e first medicine . If thepatien t is liable to

'

frequen t return s of

this afl'ect ion‘

,I would"advise h im to

wash his n eck daily with cold water,

and habituate himself to wear n othing buta very thin stock or ribband

,in stead of

a large n eckcloth .

Gr oup , or Hi v e s .

CAUSES.—Foregoing disorders, as the

measles and the whooping cough : coldmoist air from the water. It most fre

quen tly happen s to such as liv e‘ in seaport



the age of the patien t . On ion s Shouldbe roasted

,and applied to th e pit of the

stomach the breast Should be Oiled overwith h en or goose O il ; the feet should bebathed

,an d draughts applied to them

a dose of castor O il would also be ben e .

ficial.

T h e Mum p s .

CONTAGION is t h e cause of this com .

plain t .SYMPTOMS . I t makes its appearan ce

with the usual febrile symptom s, Of chillssucceeding heat

,and quicken ed pulse

these are shortly followed by a swellingat the corner of the lower jaw, of a mov eable glandular n ature ; in a little time,i t diffuses itself over the whole n ecksometimes both sides are afl'ected . Itcon tinues in creasing till about the fourthday

,and then declin es with the fever .

As the swelling recedes,some tumour i s

apt to take place in the testes Of maleand in the breasts of women .

OR IND IAN ,PHYS IC IAN . 14 3

times, when this has n ot taken ,

place, orwhen it has been repelled by impruden tapplication s, the fever has con tinued , orIn creased with delirium .

MANAGEMENT. The patien t sh ouldbe kept

,upon a low vegetable diet, an d

not expose h imself to cold . Th e above,in gen eral, will be sufficien t : but, wh enthe Ci rcumstan ce men tion ed takes place,it will be n ecessary to direct someth ingmore than the above for aCURE . W e should apply

‘

warmstewed bitter herbs, or warm bread and

milk poultices, to the parts : the patien tshould take a puke of N O . 1 . Besidesthis or these

,it may be n ecessary to

apply a blister t o the back of the n eckin slighter eases, the puke an d fomen ta

n s will be sufficien t . In all cases,costiven ess should be preven ted “

by castoroil . Bitter sweet Oin tmen t No . 1 is a lsogood, applied to th e part . afi

'

ected .

EXPERIENCED BOTANIST

Sp a sm od i ek S t i t ch of t h e S id e .

This complain t is prevalen t when thechanges of weather are frequen t

, as in

the spring or fall . It usually attacks theyoung those under forty yearsthose wh o are of a deli cate

, efl'eminatecon stitution , rather than those Of a brokens tate of health . Exposure to cold, moreespecially after heat, and damp cloudyweather

,are the causes .

SYMPTOMS . It begin s with a lancin ating pain

, most frequen tly about theribs of one side ; this remits awhile, andthen return s again, so as almost to makethe patie n t scream out . After awhile itbecomes fixed

, an d does not abate, thoughit is apt to exten d

, an d even to changeits place, so that the mus cles of the breastare frequen tly attacked, an d there are

pain s in other parts th at poin t out a rheumatic afi '

ectio'

u : with the above a fesometimes pretty smart, at other tiless

,attends . Frequen tly a cough



cold water ; this sh ould be con tinuedun til th e cough is cured .

Inflamm a t ion of t h e I n t e s t in e s .

0AUSES .—Besides most of the causes

of th e preceding disease, may be addedcold applied to th e belly, long and violen t cholic, and hern ia, commonly termeda rupture .

S OM S .—A fixed pain , sometimes

over th e belly, at other timesfixed about th e n avel ; fever, costiven essand vomiting .

MANAGEMENT . The patien t Shouldh ave light liquid preparation s of vegetables for food, and his drink Should bejelly an d water, or apple - water, or mo .

lasses an d water with a little vin egar :these, or any of th em, may be taken

plen tifully .

CURE—He Should be bled as quicklyas poss ible ; the quan tity should be pret

OR

‘ "

IND IAN PHYSICIAN .

ty large,proportion ing it to th e habit att he patien t : this may be repeated in

eight hours, if th e symptoms deman d it

bleeding a‘

blis ter should be applied overthe pai n ,

'

and a cly ster of the tea madeOf slippery

‘

e lm,smart weed and ague

weed, equal parts, inj ected : this may be

repeated ev ery three or four hours, if t heinflammation sh ould suppurate and dis

charge matter downwards . N othing”Shoul d be used rbut the m ildest, n ourishing Spoon - diet of broths, 8m;

CAUSES—External violen ce from bruises and

‘

con tus Ions, especially such as

gh av e bccasmn ed a fracture‘

Of th e skull

ta t th e same time ; v iolen t passion s, ex

ces siv e summer heats, too much exert "

cise, cold a pplie d extern ally or in ter :

SYMPTOMS . A ~

pungen t pain of the

148 EXPERIENCED q TANIST

righ t side,‘

shooting up to the shoulder ;a cough, for th e most part dry ; ten sionof the right side over th e liver ; h ard,dry gums v omitin g, weakn ess, difiicultyOf breathing, watching, costiven es s, h iccough, and a hard, full, quicken ed puls e .

Sometimes there is a diffi culty ofl ying

on the left side : sometimes the eyes,tongue, and urin e are tinged wi th bile .

MANAGEMENT . The causes shouldbe attended to, and removed as far asposs ible . Light v egetable food an d an d

drinks should compose the patien t’s diet .H e should be kept cool and still .CURE. The patien t should take a

dose of pills N O . 1 the n ext day he may

take a puke of N O . 1 . A strengthen ingplaster should be applied over the pain edpart : the patien t should take expectoran t powders three times in the day, forthree or four weeks, and make use of atea Of vervain, p ips isway, and liverwort

,

for con stan t drink . After the patien t h asrecovered in some measure from his ;


1 5 0 EXPERIENCEi) BO TANI ST

as mallows,horehoun d, wormwood, &c.

an d a tea made of ague weed, vervain ,p ipsisway and l iverwort, should be usedfor con stan t drink . After the patien t h ass omewhat recovered from his disease, h emay use a tea made of rattle root, for twoor three weeks .

I nflam m a t ion of t h e K id n ey s .

CAUSES .- Extern al con tusion s ; vio

lent, long - con tinued riding ; strain s of theback ; Span ish flies, t aken inwardly orapplied outwardly on a blister ; ston es,that have formed in the cavities of thekidn ey, passing out .

SYMPTOMS . Fever ; pain about th epart, which may be distinguished fromrheumatism by the former n ot being muchin creased by motion ; a retraction of t h e

testicle on the same side ; a numbn ess ofthe thigh and leg on th e same side ; v omiting, cholic pain s, costiven ess, rednessof the urin e and ‘

small disch arges of it at

on INDIAN rur s rcu m.

’

1 5 1

MANAflEMENT.—Avoid o r remov e th e

causes ; live upon _

_ a simple v egetable diet and watery drinks .CURE—The side sh ould be frequen tly

fomen ted with a warm decoction of bitterh erbs, as mallows, horeh oun d, wormwood, &c. a pill, No . 1 , should be takenn ight an d morn ing, to preven t costiven ess ; a tea made of agrimony an d grav elroot should be used for con stan t drink .

A cu t e R h eum a t i sm .

This attacks at all season s, but rarelyat any other time th an th e spri ng and

fall, when th e vicissitudes of th e weatherare great .0AUSES .

—Cold, applied to the bodywhen unusually warm, or cold applied~'partially to th e body.S YMPTOMS .

—A pain afi'

eet s some of

th e join ts and sometimes th e muscles, Soas to extend from one join t to anoth er .

S ometimes almos t every join t in th e body


is affected, and then th e complain t comeson with ch ill and fever, w ith a strongpulse, for th e most part full . In somecases t h e fever precedes the pain s, at othertimes it is the con trary the join ts affected become red and swelled ; the feveran d pains usually in crease at n ight . If

the general affection con tinues long, thepatien t’s sen ses become somewhat impaired for awhileMANAGEMENT .

- The patien t should bekept cool, except when un der the operation of sweat i ng medicin e—then he shouldlie between blankets ; he should be keptfrom all but light vegetable food an d coolacid or warm herb drinks, which may begiven plen tifully and

,when the com

plain t has gon e off, he should wearflann els till warm weather return s .0URE.

- The patien t should be sweated with a tea made of hemlock leavesand pleurisy root : he should also take adose , of pills N O . 1 . Rub the pain edpart s w i th the . li nimen t for Rheumatism .


1 5 4 nxm meucen BOTAN IST

CURE. The patien t should take th etincture for Rheumatism three times inth e day, an d rub the part affected withth e lin imen t for Rheumatism,

by th e

fire ,

T oo t h A ch e .

CAUSES.- A. gen eral cold ; cold appli

ed to th e ch ecks in an unusual an d sud

den mann er : besides these, there are

certain disposing causes, un der whichthe usual exposure we are con stan tly liable to

,is a suffi cien t cause ; as a n erv e

being laid bare by the r otting or extraction Of a tooth, pregnan cy, &c.

CURE . In the first case, it will bethe best way to aim at the removal of th ecold

,by giving a tea made of hemlock

leaves an d balm ; after this, a small blister applied to t h e part will be most efl'ectual ; or, in stead of this, sweating th epart with h ot herbs, or a hot ston e : tincture of hemlock is also good, by puttingi t in the hollow of the tooth ; or red - hot

OR mm an PHYSICIAN . 1 5 5

glass put in whiskey and holding it int h e mouth as long as you can bear it .

Th e Gen t .

The causes-

ofthe gout, for better comprehending them, may be placed underfour heads .

l et . The prime causes , which are th eus e of excess ive quan tities of high - season ed an imal food, an d the liberal use of

wm s an d Other spirituous l i quors . Theseare supposed to produce their efi

’

ect’

by

causing an action i n the extreme vessels ,(which are employed in nutrition) in degree and con stan cy above what they wereconstructed to bear ; so that, as soon as

the body ceases to yield, which is at th een d of growth, th e vessels, from bemg

over - excited, are overcome, an d suffer ani nd irect debility an d relaxation .

i

2 d .

i

T h e predisposing causes, un derwhich a less degree of th e above bringson th e complain t, because th ey

’aim at

1 5 6 EXPERIENCED BoTAN IST

the same“

poin t ; they are, 1n dolence, h e

red it ary delicacy of the parts that suffer

in the gout, ( from a gen eral similarity tothe paren t) and that tenden cy in the an imal econ omy which produces a r obus tan d gross habit . Th ese causes would

,

when they had proceeded to a certainexten t

,bring on the gout ; but it i s s el

dom the case that it is n ot helped on byWhat may be called3 d . The exciting causes, as : ven ery,

debauchery,cold applied to the feet

, in - a

digestion , much application ofmin d, n ightwatching, passion s, excessive evacuation s

,changing of habits, debilitating dis

eases,bruises or strain s O f the parts that

suffer i n gout, the use of acids and acid tfrui ts, &c . All these act by debilitating

gen erally or topically ; an d this, beinalways accompan ied with a relaxation ,exposes th e injured parts to the irritationof the air in an un common mann er . Thirritation of th e air brings about4 th . T h e p roximateor immediate



sen sation a l" along the course of the ex .

tremi ties ; frequen t cramps of th e legs,and a swelling of the vein s . Whilstthe se symptom s take place in the partsin en tion ed, the whole body is affectedwith a degree of torpor and lan guor ; t hefun ction s of the s tomach, in particular,are more or les s dis turbed ; the appet itei s dimin ished, andflatulen cy, with othersymptoms of ind igestion , felt . Thesesymptoms take place for some days before the fi t of the gout comes on , but Often , ou the day preced i n g the fi t, the aprpetite becomes greater than usual . Thefit usually begin s about three o’clock inthe morn ing, with pain affecting on e foot

- most common ly at the b all of the greattoe, but sometimes in other parts of th e

foot : with thecoming on Of the pain therei s usually more or less of a cold sh ivering, which, as t he pain in creases, gradually g ives way to heat an d fever, whichlast as long as the pain does . From th efirs t at tack the pain becomes more v io

on IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 1 5 9

len t till th e n ext midn ight, after Which itgradually remits, an d, after con tinuingabbat twen tyfour hours,

“

usually ceases,with a sweating and

’

sleep. The n extmorn ing after the remISSIon , a swellin gand redn es s are ” to be percei ved in the

part affected,which

,after con tinuing

s ome days,gradually abates .

But though the paIn ceases at the en dof twen ty - four hours, i t usually return sev ery even ing, with less and les s violen ceand fever, and agaIn abates in the mornin g : this recurring con tinues some days,and then goes off en tirely, till the third,s econd or n ext spr in g

'

followmg . Thisis the case In the first attack of th e gout,but th e return s become more frequen t, tillat length , after some years , the patien t i sn ever clear of it, except a mon th or so inth e summer season . After the gout h ascen tin

'

ued,f- the paln does n ot remain in

on e join t, but shifts about un til i t“has a t

tacked almost every j oin t in th e body .

£60 EXPERIENCED BOTANIS'

I‘

After a fit is over, the patien t feels h im.

s elf recruited in body and’

mind .

As the gout proceeds, the pain s becomeless severe and more con tinued, an d theother afl'ection s are more con siderable, sothat the stomach is v ery much affectedwith sickn ess .After the first fi ts of th e gout, the j oin t s

remain supple, but“

in the advan ced statethey become stiff and motion les s, withearthy con cretion s .In those who have suffered much with

the gout, a complain t of the kidn eys frequen tly altern ates with th e gouty affec

tion s .MANAGEMENT BETWEEN THE F ITS . If

it be early in the complain t, or the patien t n ot debilitated , con tinual gen tle bodi ,ly exercise, and a diet of vegetables andmilk, should be used ; but if the patien ti s already much injured by it

,n either of

the above will be safe . His exerciseshould then be gestation , for walkingwould Inj ure th e parts too much, and


1 62 Ee RIENCED BOTAN IST

Gou t of t h e S t om a ch .

I n such patien ts as h av e brought thegout on themselves, this peculiarity s el adom happen s till late in th e d isorder,when the system is gen erally debilitated,and there is little disposition to inflammation . I n such a state the s tomach isusually much debilitated an d liable to bea cted upon by a sligh ter c ause th an xwould

brin g on an affection of a join t . Fromth e above circumstan ces of debility, genoral an d topical, as well as from the stemach being defended from the applicationof the common air, ( which produces th ere a ction , on inflammation in the regulargout) i t happen s that the gout of th e

s tomach is a very differen t affection fromthe regular gout—b eing a case of defici

en t and irregular action of the part, in

s tead of an inflammation an d excessiveaction , as in the regular gout .SYMPTOMs . Loss of appetite

,indi .

gestion ,flatulency, n ausea an d v omiting,

acid eructation s, pain s and cramps in dif

OR INDIAN PHYS ICIAN . 163

feren t parts, which yield upon th e disch arge of wind costiven ess, thoughsometimes loosen ess ; cholic pain s and

hypoch on dri ac symptoms, which con sistin a great attention t o th e sligh tes t symptoms, an d an apprehen sion of danger ; anabsence Of inflammatory afl'ee tion s of th ej oin ts an d of fever .

MANAGEMENT . The patien t’s foodsh ould be a mixture of an Imal an d v ege

table, of the most n utri ti v e and digestiblekind, taken rather at many times than inlarge quan tities . W in e and water, orsp irit and water, s hould be his drinkIt will be of great advan tage to keep closeto the bed, except when the pat ien t usable and the weather good, then he shouldride in a carriage daily .

CURE . The patient—

should make use‘

O f the streng then ing bitters three t imes int he day , for some time. ” Sometimes

,

a

p uke ofNo . 2 , 1n th e commencemen tw is

of great use . Cos tiven ess should be re

moved by small doses of castor oil .

1 644 EXPE RIENCED . BOTAN IST

T h e Sm a ll P ox .

The small pox is o f two kinds —thedistinct and the confluen t . fA s they demand a very differen t treatment , I shalln ot confoun d them,

b u t treat Of them se

parately .

T h e D i s t i n ct Sm all Pox .

The CAUSE of this is a specifi c con tagIon .

SYMPTOMS . About eight days afterin oculation , an d probably the same timeafter taking it the n atural way, a feverappears, of the con tinued inflammatorykind : ‘ after this h as con tin ued about threedays , a distin ct eruption of » small p im

ples, likeflea g bites,e appears on the face

these in crease an d extend, so that, aboutth e end of the fifth day the eruption iscompleted an d exten ded to th e ex tremie

ties . From the first eruption the feverusually declin es, and, at t h e fin ish ing

'

of

th e eruption,“

it ceases . During th e fev er children archfrequen tly affected with


1 66 EXPERIENCED BOTANIST

kept cool,both by gow g i n to the air and

thinn ing his clothing : however, th e cus

tom of exposing to bad weather, extremecold

,and pulling off from children t heflan n els which they ‘ have been long used

to,has occasion ed the worst con sequen

ces a medium, therefore, i s to be observed . Those who are

‘

in a good state of

health should live chiefly on vegetables ;what meat they do use, should by allmean s be fresh but th ose ~wh o are weakly, should not alter their

‘

food, so as toweaken themselves,but on lychoose suchas they always should

,

"

viz . digestible,

mild food . This should be the man age .men t un til the fever commen ces

,when

they should use nothing but light spoonfood, such as gruel, panada, custard, j el .ly, &c. Spirituous drinks

.

should be al.together avoided ; at the time of the fe .

ver, such drinks as the following may betaken , more or less, in proportion to th e"

heigh t of the fever, viz . lemonade, creamof tartar, dissolved in water and sweeten .

d

oa xmm an PHYS ICIAN . 167

ed, j elly an d water, apple tea, made bypouring boili ng water -

ori ,undressed, red .

streaked ap ples, sliced very thin t he

drink to be sweetened .

T‘

h ese dri nks and v egetable food, withthe direc tion s for keeping the patien t cool,may be observed un til th e number of

pocks and sfev er of th e d i seas e be deter .m i n ed

,after which th ey may be gradu

ally relinquished—a t ti c exposure first, andthen t hese, an d t he: proper h abits return

bly ‘ the bes t time for in oculation in th e

St ates of Penn sylvan i a, Delaware an d

Maryland farth er‘

southward April ; farther n ort hward . th e latter end of May .

ty, or ofafull h abit, between th e time of

in oculat ion and fever, two doses of glau

p rocure four or fi v e s tools, and n ot mor e,may b e g iven ; but t o those wh o are lean;

or weakly, no p urgati ves sh ould sbe givi


by taking a pill ofNo . 1 , n ight and morning . If

,at the commen cemen t of the fe

ver, the patien t feels much oppress ion atthe s tomach , un easin ess an d giddi n ess, i twill be proper to admin ister a’

n emetic ofNo . 1 at the s ame time he should havefresh air . If the eruption appear numerous an d the pulse h e usually strong, a

dose of salts will be of use, as it willbring many of the pimples to n othing .

After this n othing more will be n ecessa

ry but to keep the bowels regular withsmall doses of any mild medicin e .

T h e Conflu en t Sm a ll P ox .

S YMPTOMS .- In this the fever is more

violen t than in the former, the pulse being quicker an d more con tracted : a disposition to coma

,or a deep drowsin ess,

i s almost always presen t wi th the incipien t fever, an d a delirium i s a frequen t :symptom . Infan ts are frequen tly attacked withflts in the first days vomiting isher e a common symptom . Early in the



ally great a bout the same time ; both subside about the ten th or eleven th day,coun ting from the attack of the in cipien tfever . W i th in fan ts a lax is common ,in stead of salivation . The pocks overthe body, though distin ct, are gen erallyflat, an d, upon the wh ole, there is a greattenden cy t o putrefaction .

The-

MANAGEMENT of this should bemuch the same as that directed for theD is tin ct SmallPox, excep t that, towardsthe latter end, when the patien t growsweak and symptoms of putridity preV ail, he should have for drink Sixtydrops of elixir of vitriol to on e pin t ofspirits and water

,or win e and water

, and

a moderate degree of warmth should be“

kep t up . Great atten tion should be given to keep the room clean and Sweet, asd irected for the Putrid Fever .CURE .

- When the symptom s appearas laid down , with con siderable fev er,g iv e t wo grain s of ipecacuanha in appletea, or common drink of any kind,

CR IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 17 1

hour . F rom th e fifth day onward, tillthe eruption be completed, g ive twen tydrops of laudanum, every n ight an d morning, t aki n g care to remove the costiven ess it occa sion s, by giving cream of tartar or ca’stor ‘

oi l daily, if n ecessaryW hen the secon dary fever comes ‘

on ,

th e “same treatm en t with ipecacuanha andlaudan um should be used, un til the sympt oms ofputrefaction and weak pulse take

place, then all should be dropped for barkand p ort Win e, which may be given everyhour, so that the pa tien t may take a pin tof win e an d on e oun ce of ba rk

,from

morn ing till bed - time . F rem - th e eigh thday till th e eleven th, when the fever isviolen t, blisters should be laid on success iv ely; withou t any respect to th e pockst h e wrist s, thighs, back f

of t h e'

n eck,an d

breast, are p rop er places when theswelling in th e -

”

thro at th reaten s sufl'o '

ca

tion , a blister, should be appli ed ov er’the

throat, and the throat gargled with afluxture of one drach In of elixir of ~vitriol,

172 nxPERIENCED BOTANIST

half a pin t of sage tea and a little hon ey ;or,

. in stead of this, with vinegar- and wa

ter .If th e fi ts, t hat usually attack children ,

happen but on ce or twice,~

n othing n eedbe done but t o keep them cool : but, ifthey are frequen t, they are likely todestroy the pat ien t ; then a teaspoonfulof the tincture of lobelia inflata shouldbe given , an d con tinued as often as thereare fi ts .

The bark, with the vitriol an di

water,

sh ould be con tinued for a con siderabletime after the disease

,to strengthen the

system, though it should be used in ales s quan tity .

T h e Ch ick en P ox .

This disorder appears to arise from aspecific con tagion in the air : like thesmall pox, i t n ever return s .

SYMPTOMS . The patien t is gen erally,for on e or two n ights, or n ights and

days, affected with fev er, which is al


174: EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

tagion , and n ever has been kn own to

attack the same person twice . It usuallymakes its appearan ce about January, andagain ceases at Midsummer .SYMPTOMS . It comes on like a com

mon fever, with a cold stage succeededby a hot on e : a n ausea, anxiety, an d

vomiting, are pretty gen erallv attendan ts .Sometimes, at the beginn ing, the fever isSharp an d violen t ; but, before the cruption , i t is most generally so, which hap .

pen s about the fourth day . W ith these,

a hoarsen ess,cough , diffi cult breathing,

Swelling of the eyelids, acrid dischargefrom the eyes and n ose, with sneezing,take place : gen erally, a drowsin ess at

ten ds the beginn ing . The eruption ap

pears first on the face, in small pointslikeflea- bites

,which soon may be ob

served,by s igh t or feeling, in clusters,

spreading themselves over the wholebody : the face appears a little turgidduring the first two days of the eruption ;after thi s

,t h e eruption change s - i ts

'

color

O R IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 17 5

from a scarlet to a brown , and soon goesoff en tirely

,leaving a scurf. The fever

sometimes goes off, wh en’th is desquama

tion takes place, but more common lycon tinues With the cough for some timeafter the disorder has gon e through itsstages ; an d n ot un frequen tly the coughan d difficulty of breathing in crease towards the en d, so as to mark an inflammation of the lungs . After th e desquamation , a lax or sweating usually takesplace, and con tinues for some timeMANAGEMENT . The patien t Should

av o id heat ; but , on the other han d,Should n ot expose himself so much to thecool air, as in the Small Pox . H eshould l ive on a low vegetable diet, an d

cool acid drinks,such as lemon j uice ;

barley water, boiled with prun es, i s alsovery good, especially for the cough .

CURE . The feet should be bathedan d mustard draughts a pplied to them ;th en g iv e a

‘puke of No . 1 ; four h oursafter a dose . of~ pills No . 1

‘

s hould be


given ; a tea Of lemon balm or pennyroyal may be given , to keep the fluidsactive ; expectoran t powders Should begiv en three time s in the day, for thecough . Great care should be exercisedwith regard to taking cold, as it is al

ways atten ded with serious con sequences .

V om i t in g of B lood .

CAUSES . Obstructed men ses, and

other evacuation s suppressed ; enlargemen t Of the Spleen or liver, and violen tstrain ing to vomit .SYMPTOMS . Some pain about the

Stomach, anxiety, an d v omiting of black,grumous blood, without coughing .

MANAGEMENT . The patien t who issubject to th is should liv e regularly and

abstemiously, and endeavor by every

mean s to coun teract such causes as admitOf assistan ce, and use proper medicin esfor the same purpose . In time Of a discharge

, th e patien t should retire from all

close places, into cool and fresh air.


178 EXPERIENCED BOTAN IS'

I‘

comes on at”

n oon , frequen tly with shivering,

‘

and . almos t always wi th coldness ,which remits towards the aftern oon , toexacerbate or ren ew its violence at n ightcon tinuing with the other affection s,

an d after awhile being followed in itssecon d fi t, towards morn ing, with a copious Sweat . The pulse in this fever,which is a hectic, IS quick, and mos t gen erally weak, though in its fi rst attacksome degree Of hardn es s i s to be felt.The fever is always kin dled by takingmuch food at a time . Towards the end

Of the con sumption , a lax takes place,which gen erally carries Ofl' the patien t .MANAGEMENT . The patien t should

live upon a light,d igestible diet : milk

,

v egetables, spoon meats, puddings, pies,&c . . are proper ; these should be takenin small quan tities at a time, and used th eOften er on t hat accoun t . T h e teas anddrinks prescribed for fevers are the proper drinks to

‘

be used .

Exercise in a carriage, or sailing, Is

OR IND IAN PHYS ICIAN . 179

almost indispen sably‘

n ecessary . T h e

coun try am Is so far preferable to t h etown, that the former will sometimesalone perfect a cure, and the latter resistev er

'

y‘

mean s . Cold should - be guardedagain st

, and, for this as well as otherr easons

,a flann el shirt S hCllld be worn .

-CURE . The“

patien t should take a

puke O fNO ; 1, onCe a Week, an d makeus e of a tea made of bitter swee t, burdocklroot, and y arrow, for

‘

co’

n s tan t drink, an d

t h e syrup N O . 2 tw1ce In th e day one

tablespoonful,n ight an d morning .

CAUSES . A hereditary " disposit ion"

t th ereto, or a peculiar delicacy of the mem

bran e that suffers the inflammat lon f

pas

sion s Of~the mInd ; a sudden cooling of

the body after being h eated by the sun ;s pirituous l iquor s, s taken freely ;drinks or hot baths ch ecked ev acuations,moist air, and pe rsp iration i a a ny

’way

180 EXEERIENCED BOTAN IST

s topped, gen erally excite th e disease inthose predisposed .

SYMPTOMS . It commonly comes on“

wi th shivering an d succeeding heat, with .

fever ; the pulse is gen erally quicksometimes hard and full ; a confusion of

the head an d some degree Of deliriumfrequen tly attend, but a drowsin es s al

most always, which sometimes in creases to a comatose state . After thesesymptoms h ave con tinued from one to w

three days, a redn ess (most common lyon the face) appears, which in creasesw ith a swellin g, that turn s white uponbeing pressed with the finger . This goeson to in crease, though it common ly abatesin one part a little

,to in crease in an other:

in this mann er it sometimes exten ds allover the head

, and swells the eye - lids,so as to produce temporary blin dn ess . Iis n ot an un common case for blistersarise on the swelling, filled with a yellor whitish serum,

which breakawhile, and leav e the part



T h e Ne t t le R a sh .

This gen erally attacks t h ose Of a delicate con stitution, especially such as havea fine skin , the excessive irritability Of

which appears to be a cause Of the disease . From the above it woul d appearthat Women an d children are the chiefsubjects of it—which is agreeable to Oh

servation .

S YMPTOMS .- I t usually comes on in

the n ight, producing great restlessn es sand itching . In th e morn ing, con siderable red emin en ces are to be Observed onsome parts of the body, usually about th eupper part Of the arms, n eck and breasttheir forms are irregular, some being likethe stroke Of a whip, others like the stingof agbee . It is not unfrequen t wi th themto disappear in the course Of the day, an dreturn aga in at n ight : the time Of con

tinuan ce is v arious, as they. sometimescontinue for a week, and sometimes ‘

for

a year or more . They hav e n ever been

O R IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 183

known to have any dangerous effect, th eitching being all that is disagreeable,which at times is SO troublesome as topreven t Sleep .

MANAGEMENT .

T

h e patien t shoulduse exercIse an d every proper mean s tor emove such a delicacy Of con stitution .

CURE—The patien t Should use a teamade Of tag - alder bark, for con stan tdrink

,and the tin cture of lobelia inflata,

externally,as a wash to the part affected .

B leed i n g a t t h e No se .

This complain t requires atten tion,or

i t will soon be accompan ied with very.

d isagreeable circumstan ces .

SYMPTOMS . A head - ache,redn ess Of

the eyes,

florid counten an ce and throbbing of the temporal arteries usually precede the efi

'

usion for awhile, but immediately before it a fuln ess o f the face anditching at the n ose take place : besidesthese, frequen tly, more gen eral“ symptomsare observable

,as cos tiv en es, pale urin e,

'

1841 ExPERIENCED B 'OTAN IST

coldneSS'

of th e feet, and Thisis a ‘description which Suits the most perfect state of the complain t .MANAGEMENT .

- A t the t ime '

th e bleed

ing'

cOmeS on, the patien t Should be pla

ccd in a stream O f cold air,and be sup

ported erect ; he Should avoid talking orblowing his n ose . In th e in tervals h eshould avoid heat, stooping his head orwalking fast, more especially after eating : h is exercise Should be gen tle and

con stan t . The cold bath may be useddaily . He should live upon a vegetabledie t chiefly, an d use cold water for h iscon stan t drink .

CURE .- When the bleeding comes on ,

it may be s uffered tO'

con t inue till fouroun ces have be en disch arged, providedth e patien t be full of blood but if otherWIse, it should be stopped immediately,by pouring cold water on his head and

the back Of his n eck, and by drinkingcold water, at the same time using doss ils Of lin t, ,

dipped in a strong solution Of



gut t ill you have drawn the dossil of lin tagain st the orifice of the passage that leadsin to the throat ; then you n eed only stopup the n ostril with an other dossil of lin t,which will shut up the passage altoge

ther an d preven t any more blood fromcoming out . The lin t should be kept infor

‘

th ree or four days . The cat - gut isonly for the purpose of getting th e silkthrough, which is too limber of itself. In

pushing the cat - gut through, you are n otto push it upwards, as the n ostril s apparen tly lead, but directly backward, aim

ing at th e upper part of the throat, wherei t comes out z

i

th e n ostrils turn at abouthalf an inch after you have pushed it upwards . By the s tated return s of this complain t and th e habit of the patien t, aswell as by the quan tity, you may easilydistinguish it from what is termed a passive flowing of blood from the n ose . In

this complain t the usual topical applications for the other kind are sufiicien t, but


with this the cold bath may be used,

which is an effectuall remedy .

S p i t t i n g of B lood .

CAU SEs .~ Besides the predisposition

men tion ed in the preceding chapter, Wemay con sider, as exciting causes, sup

pressed evacuation s, sudden changes of

the air from heavy to lighter, violen t efforts

,compres smn In differen t parts

, &c.

SYMPTO MS .—After some gen eral dis

order, asflatulency, chills, &c. ,a fuln ess

is often felt about the chest . From th e

blood being poured out,an irritation '

is

made, to relieve which the patien t hawksor coughs

,by which mean s he discharges

a little frothy,reddish an d somewhat salt .

ish spittle : this sen sation often return sagain , an d the spittleis thrown out, of a

deeper red . In this mann er th e patien tusually discharges th e blood for somehours or days

,when it ceases for that pea

r iod . But it sometimes happen s that th erupture is more con siderable, and th e

EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

pure blood is discharged in such quantities as to excite vomiting : in such a casethe patien t’s life is in immediate danger .A cough usually follows the bleeding

,

which return s sometime s every week, andso on at every period between that and a

year .MANAGEMENT .

—This should be exactly as described for the preceding disorder, only that the cold bath should n ot

be used, as We have n ot suflicien t experience to recommend it ; and the coldshould be here very moderate, as, wheni t is severe, i t determin es the blood tothe lungs, which is to be avoided .

Guam—The patien t should use a teamade of yarrow : glauber salts should beused to preven t costivenes s .

( Pf B lood y Ur in e .

CAUSEs .—The passage of a ston e, hard

riding,blows on t he small of the back,

suppression of the piles, acrid medicin es,as cantharides taken in tern ally or absorb



from the n ose . When the affection isany Worse, the patien t is subject to chillsan d feverishn ess, which are con siderabletowards even ing ; a hoarsen ess

,sore

throat,flying or fixed pain s in differen t

parts, an d not unfrequen tly some diffi culty of respiring . The cough, in the begin n ing

,is usually dry, but, as the other

symptoms giveway, it becomesmoist,moreeasy and attended with a discharge ofwh itish or yellow mucus, which is most frequen t : this goes off at differen t periods,according to the patien t’s age, state, &c.

MANAGEMENT . The patien t shconfin e himself to the house

,in a temper

a te room, an d live upon vegetable diet .CURE . The patien t Should take

Sweat of lemon balm or hemlock leavean d a physick of pill s No . 1 he shoalso take expectoran t powders, to remove the cough .

I nfluen z a .

The CAUSE of this is a specific con t

OR INDIAN PHYSICIAN . 1 91

Egion , proceeding from som e very gen eralalteration in the air . There is n o doubtof its being commun Icated from on e person to an other .SYMPTOMS .

—Th emost ordinary symptoms are those Of the common cold described above

,attacking a Whole room or

n eighborhood at on ce ; but that is n ot itscon stan t form

,for sometimes it puts ou

'

the appearan ce of a pleurisy, with a stron g

pulse ; at other t imes'

a paln In the side,

h a weak pulse ; whilst, in a thirdcase, it has produced all the symptomsof a low n ervous fever.

MANAGEMENT . See man agemen t for

CURE . Th e patien t should take auke Of N O . 1 , and the Sweat recommen dfor Cold .

s The syrup N O . 2 shouldused three times in the day, in dose sa tablespoonful .

F lux .

SYMPTOMS .- Sometimes a fever makes

t other t imes the bowels are


primarily affected—firs t with costiven es s"an dflatulen cy, then with gripe s and frequen t painful efforts to st ool, when n o

thingof a n atural sort is discharged, butslime of a whitish, bloody, or blackishcolour, in con siderable quan tities . In

some few in stan ces a lax has preceded ..

Whatever is voided in the n atural way,i s generally in small hard balls . Thstomach in gen eral is disordered, an

that from the begin n ing, but i t goes 0

as the complain t - proceeds downwarwhich i t gen erally does, till all isin the lower end of the last gut, whereproduces that troublesome effort of

called ten esmus . The feverish symptcontinue a con siderable time, remitan d then acceding again . W hen ever tdisease takes a putrid turn, which itapt to do, I t may be kn own by the blacn ess of the discharges

, a' lown ess of th

pulse, and gen eral debility .

MANAGEMENT .- Great atten tion shoul

be paid to cleanlin ess, by remov ing



the disease leaves a loosen ess,a tea of

crow - foot, or boiled in sweet milk, Shouldbe used .

A p op lexy .

This disorder most commonly attacks

th e aged, such as have large heads, cor

pulen t habits an d indolen t disposition s,who have fed high and used much strongdrink . If

,in addition to this, they have

had a suppression of any evacuation , as

th e piles,they can scarcely expect to eS - r

cape an apoplexy .

SYMPTOMS .—Sometimes a head - ache

an d swimming of the eyes,with other af

fection s of the head, precede ; at othertimes it sudden ly attacks the patien t ash e reclines his head or makes some ef

fort, with a loss of in tern al or extern alsen se, and almost total deprivation of v o

lun tary motion . The patien t’s face oftenbecomes flushed and swollen , his eyesred

,his pulse full and slow, his breath

ing somewhat diffi cult, with snoring .

The time that this state lasts is un certain


s ometimes the patien t comes to his sen sesin a few hours

,with a vomiting and

sweat ; at other times he lies for days,an d frequen tly n ever recovers .MANAGEMENT—The patien t should be

laid on a bed,with his head raised as

high as it conv en len tly can be ; his n eckcloth Should be stripped Off

, and he shouldbe placed in a cool room . If the fi t cont inn e long, a little water may be pouredd own h is throat

, if possible, two or threet imes a day : when he Is on the recov ery his diet Should be as light as possible .

There are some cases that may be terme d apoplexy, which deman d treatmen ton ly fromthe surgeon , as when it depen ds upon the fracture of th e Skull .CURE . The patien t should be bled

as freely as his con stitution will allow .

This may be don e at differen t times, ra

ther than at on ce . After bleeding, a clyster of Castile soap dissolved in water,should be given— on e dra

‘

chm rof soap toa pin t of water . T h lS may be

'

used ev e


ry six hours, for several times . If thesedo not bring h im to himself, a large blister Should be applied to the back of h is

n eck, and mustard draughts to the solesof his feet . Castor oil may be given , topreven t costiven ess . Gen tle exerciseshould soon be used an d in creased tillthe patien t is perfectly well . Proper exercise and abstin en ce are th e on ly secur it ies again st a return . When the disorder en ds in a palsy, which it sometimesdoes, the cure directed for Palsy is to befollowed .

P a lsy .

CAUSES. Compression of a n erve ini ts origin or course : certain narcotics taken in ternally ; exhalation s from lead andarsen ic in their preparation s ; excessivevenery, old age, &c.

SYMPTOMS . A los s Of sen sation orability of motion in the part affected ,which is sometimes on e half of the patien t , as the right Side, or from the hipsdownwards ; at other times only a Small



or any warm watery drinks ; of tobacco,arden t spirits, opium, spices and acids ;putrescen t food, overeating, frequen t unn ecessary vom iting or purging ; some disorders, as agucs,fluxes, &c. ; an indolen tlife, much application of mind, excessiveven ery

,long exposure, without exercise,

to cold, moist air

SYMPTOMS .—The great variety of symp

toms ia this affection , together with thecauses, is the reason that n o two personsare iden tically alike affected but

, n everth eless, the gen eral or fundamen tal symptoms are always alike . These I Shalls et down : a loss of appetite ; disten sionof the stomach with win d ; eructation s,after eating especially ; heart - burn s, sometimes a vomiting, and often a dej ectedmind .

MANAGEMENT .—Avoid all the causes ;

use the most diges table meat, in small

quan tities at a time ; avoid allflatulen trvegetables ; use gen tle, con stan t and v a


ried exercise, taking care to avoid exposure in cold or damp weather .CURE .

— The patien t should use th e

strengthen ing bitters three times in theday, before eating—from a half to on e

win eglassful at a time . - For the costiven ess the patien t should use the pills No .

1 ; on e pill every n ight,or ev ery other

n ight .L ock ed J aw .

CAUSES .—Sudden application of cold

to the body, when warm and much relaxed ; laceration s of the tendon s or n ervesof the foot and of some other parts ; exposare of the muscles to the air

,after the

skin has been taken Off by a gangren e orotherwise .S YMPTOMs .

—A stiffn ess of the lowerj aw,

‘

an d pain s about the breast and back,

g en erally precede, and in crease till thej aw becomes firmly closed

, and the muscles of th e back, or of the sore parts, arev iolen tly “con stricted, so as to ben d thepatien t in to a bow. After this state h as

200 EXPERIENCED BOTANI ST

con tinued for some time, he is seized withconvulsions .

MANAGEMENT . If any substan ce islodged in th e parts primarily afl'ected, i tshould be removed immediately . T h e

patien t should be kept warm and fed up

on such food as he can get down . In

some cases it would be advisable to drawa lower tooth

,to make a passage for th e

food : win e and water is the most properd rink .

OURE.- The patien t should be bathed

in ley and warm water, and take one tablespoonful of the tin cture of lobelia inflata : if the fi t goes off, the tin cture maybe given , in doses of a half teaspoonful,three times in t h e day .

Ep i lep sy , or Com m on F i t s .

CAUSES . Wounds and bony protuberances of the skull ; ossification Of th e

membran es of the brain ; acrimony of th e

fluids , from con tagion , degeneracy,passion s, as anger and fear streng ima


2 02 EXPERi ENCED BOTAN IST

ing : th e patien t falls down and is variously agitated—sometimes one Side

'mOrethan the other : his tongue is often thrustout of his mouth, an d by that mean s isbit almost or quite through . After con

t inn ing some minutes ‘

in this state, hisconvulsion s cease, and he lies for sometime in a sleepy state, an d then return sto himself, n ot knowing what has passed .

MANAGEMENT .—I t will be proper to

hold the patien t, so as to keep h im fromhurting himself, and to put a piece of thickleather between his teeth

,to keep h im

from injuring his tongue . It is s eldomor n ever n ecessary to prescribe any dietfor the patien t

,except in the intervals,

when it is to be sui ted to his state . Ifuln es s is the cause of the fi ts , or he isa full habit, a low vegetable diet, withh ard exercise, should be used ; but, fora con trary state, a n ourishing diet

,and

con stan t, gen tle exerci se are to be used .

CURE .—The patien t should take as

much of the powder of meadow - cabbage

OR I ND IAN PHYSICIAN . 203

as will lie on a Sixpen ce, n ight an d morn - i

ing, and one tablespoon ful of the tinctureof lobelia inflata, every time the fi t is onthe patien t . Whe n you have used themead ow - cabbage for two weeks, take of

In dian turn ip as much as will lie on atwelve an d a half cen t p i ece, n ight andmorn ing, for two weeks more—changing,every two weeks

,to preven t the power

of habit .S t . V i t u s’s D an ce .

This is a con vulsive affection , partlyun der the influen ce of the will . It affect sthe patien t’s leg or arm, or both . It makesh im limp along ; an d in taking a cup Of

water,or applying it to his mouth, he

usually performs some un common ges

tures, carrying it quickly one way an don another, before h e gets it to his

mouth . I t is apt to termin ate in palsy .

Children from eight to twelv e are the sub

j ects of it .MANAGEMENT . Th e patien t sh ould

diet .

204: EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

CURE . The patien t should use pillsNo . 1 ,

‘ to remove costiveness : besidesthis

,cold bathing, and a vomit of N O .

1,taken two or three times, will be of

service . Take as much of the powderof meadow - cabbage as will lie on half anin ch Of a n arrow bladed kn ife, n ight andmorn ing . S ometimes electricity is of .

service .

P a lp i t a t ion of t h e Hea r t .

It Is n ot when this is a symptom, but:only when it is a primary afl'ection

,that

i t belongs to _ th is head .

CAUSES. Obstruction s in the largebloodv essels, excessive irritation or mobility of the heart

,affection s of the mind,

and excessive evacuation s .MANAGEMENT. The patien t Sh oultfl

live on a n ourishing diet,if he is w eak

habitually, or has been weaken ed by disorder: much motion, sudden starts, strain~ing and all exposure, should be av oided .

CURE. When it is certain - that ' an



patien t’s diet . Gen tle riding is of serv i cein good weather .CURE—Gen tle pukes OfNo . 1 should

be given every two or three days, forseveral times ; after which, small doses of Pil l s No . 1 every morn ing, to keepthe bOvVels open . After the patien t hasdon e taking the pukes, he Should takesyrup N O . 1 three times in the day, before eating . When the cough has continn ed for some time, an d the patien tgrows weak

,he should take an tispasmo

dick powders three times in the day .

Colick .

CAUSES. Costiven ess , cold applied tothe belly or feet

,indigestible food, acrids ,

&c.

SYMPTOMs .- Pain in the belly, usually

about the n ave", with costiven ess,flatulen ey, and often vomiting .

0

CURE . Take of colick root, madefine, one teaspoonful, and O f burdockseeds, made fine, half a tablespoonful ;

O R" IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 207

mix them together, and take them in h alfa gill of fresh water . After the pain hasleft the patien t, he should take pills No .

1 to keep th e bowels open, to preven t a

relapse . He should avoid all food thath as a ten den cy toflatulency, or

' to produce costiven ess .

Ch oler a Mor bu s .

This V IOlen t disorder happen s at theend of summer, usually after loading thes tomach with acid fruits .SYMPTOMS . Nature is compelled to

make an effort to free herself from sucha burthen ; a violen t puking an d purgingare the con sequen ce, which are gen erallycon tinued by the irritation of bile that isbrought in to the stomach by vomiting

,

after the food appears to be removed .

Th e patien t Should take large doses ofchamomile, or balm, or min t tea, to washout the Stomach . If this does n ot havethe desired effect, a blister should be laidon the breast, and a large brind le ofmin t,


s tewed in Wi ne or spi rits, laid ov er andabout itNIANAGEMENT . The patien t should be

kept as warm as he can be, so as n ot to

be‘

disagreeable . Great care sh ould betaken to avoid the n igh t air and acidfruits, which rather promote the secretionof bile, than correct it when secreted .

L ax,or L oo sen e s s .

CAUSES. Over - eating, bad food or

\

w ater, large quan tities of Sweets or acids,poison s, ov erpurging, bile in th e summertime, matter discharged in to the in testines , cold applied to the belly or feet,teething, passion s of th e mind, &c.

MANAGEMENT . The causes,as far

a s possible, should be removed the pat ien t Should avoid damp or cold air, bydressing warm, as with flann el n ext theskin all food that has a laxative qualityshould be avoided .

CURE . Take two or three small dose s of pills No . 1 ; the first dose in th e



It appears under such v arious shapes,

imi tates so many other diseases, and i sattended with such a variety of symptomsthat it is . diffi cult to give a just characteror defin ition of i t ; an d it is only by taking the aggregate of its appearan ces,thata proper idea of it can be con veyed t oothers .Sometimes the hysteric fit resembles a

swoon , or fain ting fi t, during which thepatien t lies as in a sleep, on ly the breathing i s so low as scarcely to be perceivedat other times , the patien t is affected withcatéh ings and strong convulsion s . Thesymptoms which precede hysteric fi ts arelikewise various in differen t person s .Sometimes the fit s come on with coldn essof the extremities

,yawn ing and stretch

ing, lown ess of spirits, oppression , and

anxiety : at other times, the approach of

the fi t IS foretold by a feeling, as if therewere a ball at the lower part of the belly,which gradually rises towards the stoniach ‘, where it occasion s inflation , s ickn ess,

’

O R IND IAN PHYS ICIAN . 2 1 1

and somet imesJ vomiting ; afterwards, it

rises in to the throat, and occasion s a degree of suffocation , to which quick breathing, palpitation of the heart, giddin ess ofthe head

,dimn ess of the sight, loss of

hearing, with convulsive motion s of theextremities and other parts of the body,succeed . The hysteric paroxysm is oftenin troduced by an immoderate fi t Oflaught er, and sometimes it goes Off by crying .

In deed, there is n ot much differen ce between the laughing an d crying of an hysteric lady .

CURE . Apply mustard draughts tot h e s oles of the feet an d to the wrists"The patien t should take on e tablespoonful Of the tin cture Of lobelia inflata ; thisShould be taken when the fi t i s on ; givenby first opening the teeth . A teaspoonful will stop the fi t

, if taken before thefi t comes on . An tispasmodic powdersShould be taken

, morn ing and even ing,to preven t a relapse ; hysteric tin cture


is also good to - assist the powder in preven ting a relapse .

B it e of a Ma d D og .

SYMPTOMS . The woun d festers , an dafter some time ( seldom un der a week ortwo,) the patien t becomes languid and

dejected . He then begin s to dread wa

ter, an d can not swallow it without greatagon ies an d convulsion s of the face : aftersome time, he can n ot bear the sight of it .He dozes, an d every n ow and then startsfrom his slumber ; an d sometimes rav esso as to n eed confin emen t .CURE. The wound should be cut out,

if it is on a part that admits of it ; if not,let i t be filled with gunpowder, an d thatburned : after which, it should be keptopen for a mon th . by sprinkling it withred p recipitate

, and dressing it with asalve made ofwax

,oil

, and rosin . The

patien t should drink plen tifully of balmand sarsaparilla tea, to keep the fluidsactive, so that the Sharp humours may


2 14 E XPERIENCED BOTANIST

e xpectoran t powders three times in thday, and make use of a tea made of amony, iron - weed and ‘

grav el- roct, for

stan t drink . Mus tard draughts Sh

be kept '

to the fee t as much as possElectricity is very ben eficial, an d wh

- i t can be,it should always be employed

R ick e t s .

SYMPTOMS .—I t makes its appearan

gen erally between the n in th and twen t

fourth mon th, in the followingthe child becomes sedate and grows leawhilst the head grows somewhat outform . The teeth come out slowly, tblack and fall out : in a little timechild becomes altogether misshapen , Sparts growing Whilst others pin e awThe stools are liquid ; an d, after a cSiderable time a fever comes on , wcon tinues till it puts an en d to th eble obj ect ; but, when it i s not so

'

bthe child recovers as he grows, till h ecovers all but his Shape .

on . INDIAN . PHYSICIAN . 2 1 5“

MANAGEMENT; child Should n ot bekept - longer than usual at the breas t : h e ’

should have a portion ofmeat for h is dietn ilch tea Should be avoided . He Should ‘

)e carried out every day for ex erclse,

When the weath er permits, and great at tenion should be paid toikeeplng h im clean .

CURE—If th e weather i s n ot very cold,et the child be dipped every morn lng m

ater immediately from the well : givem a teaspoonful of the tin cture of Pe

an bark, three times a day, if he can

p rev ailed upon to take it .

J aun d ice .

CAUSE.—Con cretion s of the bile stop

ng up the duct, tumours, spasms of th e .

in towhich the bile is emptied, as in

k an d obstruction s of?the liver .Sv MP '

rOMS .—A h um v erSal yellown ess,

hich begin s in the white of the eyes,ish s tools, palus about the righ t side,sometimes a swelling at the,

s ame

2 16 . EXP ERIENCED BOTAN IST

CURE.v Ague weed, one part, v er

vain, two parts, lemon balm, two parts,bayberry, on e part, and a small quan tityofgsafi

'

ronflowers ; one or two tablespoon sful of this compound should be made in toa tea daily, «for con stan t drink . Aftel

using these four or fiv e,

days,a phys ic 01

pills No 2 should be taken : a puke 01

No . 2 sh oult be taken in the first place .

S or e B r ea s t .

This complain t, if properly atten dedto at first, is gen erally of but little csequen ce ; but, if n eglected, may be vdistressing . Cloths, moisten ed in a S tdecoc tio ‘

n of bi tter Sweet or smartapplied and properly con tinued,willmouly afl’ord imme diate relief. T

breast Should'

be well anointed with toin tmen t N o t a.

B i les .

These are caused by a 'diseased stcf

‘ the blood, and are v ery painful .blood Should be clean sed by a tea 0



Ca n cer .

This disease is at first a small swelling in the gland, or affected part, unaccompan ied by pain . The tumour increases gradually in size and hardn ess, be

comes knotty and irregular,and, when

“

t h e powers of the sy stem begin to fail,i t is attended with an excruciating pain ,as if pierced with a sharp in strumen t .The tumour in creases un til

,at length, th e

skin changes to a purple, an d so con tinues to change, un til it becomes verydark an d the part is attended with muchpain an d a burn ing heat, when it breaksand d ischarges a thin acrimon ious matter,w h ich some times cuts oil blood vessels .I n this case blood will be di s charged witth e matter . If i t be s till n eglected, t hwhole system becomes diseased, wi tsymptoms that atten d other diseases .CURE.

-Th e system Should be clean sed by a tea of p ips issiway : then applythe can cer salve N o . 1 , and con tinue itun til it performs a cure .

03 IND IAN PHYSICIAN . 2 19

Ca t a r r h .

This complain t’

i s caused by a cold,that rests on th e glands about the headand throat, and con s ISt s in a discharge ofsharp serum therefrom.

CURE—iwake use of a snufl‘, severaltimes in a day, made of Indian physickand wild ginger, equal parts .

Ch ap p ed Han d s .

Apply a little tin cture of lobelia to th eafi

'

ected part, a t bed - time, and con tinue itun til a cure is performed .

Cor n s .

These are caused by wearing sh oeswh ich are too tigh t . In the first place a calus is formed, which, by con stan t pressure,frequen tly exten ds to the bon e : they are

then diffi cul t to cure . Rattle - snake ormud - turtle oil will, if applied a few n ightsat bed - time

,gen erally eradicate them .

The occasional use of th e oil, however,Sh ould not be dispen sed with un t il th e

n t irely remov ed .

2 20 EXPER IENCED BOTAN I ST

Cost i v en es s .

This complain t is caused by obstruet ion s that prev en t the flow of tho se juiceswh ich assist the excremen tous part of ourfood to pass through the in test in es . Forthe wan t of this assis tan ce the h eavy partof our food forms in to hard bodies, and

i s n ot discharged every day,as it Shd’uld

be,but varies from two to three or four

days,

an d sometimes longer . In orderto effect a cure in this case, such medicin e Should be made use of as w ill caus ea gen eral action through the whole system, in as mild a way as possible ; for,if a powerful cath ar tick be given , it willcause a powerful action for a short timein those obstructed glands, an d then leavethem more debilitated than they were before . This is often the caus e of the complain t .CURE. Take a pill of No . 1 every

other morn ing, un til the bowels are regular . The diet Should be ligh t and easyto digest .


2 20 EXPERIENCED BOTAN I ST

Cos t i v en e s s .

This complain t is caused by obstruet ion s that prev en t the flow of tho se juiceswh ich assist the excremen tous part of ourfood to pass through the in test in es . Forthe wan t of this assis tan ce the heavy partof our food forms in to hard bodies, and

i s n ot discharged every day,as it shduld

be,but varies from two to three or four

days,

an d sometimes longer . In orderto effect a cure in this case, such medicin e should be made use of as w ill causea gen eral action through the whole system, in as m ild a way as possible ; for,if a powerful cath ar t ick be given , i t w illcause a powerful action for a short timein those obstructed glands, and then leavethem more debilitated than they were before . This is often the cause of the complain t .CURE. Take a pill of No . 1 every

other morn ing, un til the bowels are regular . The diet Should be light and easyto digest .

O R IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 2 2 1

Coug h .

This is a sudden con traction or conv ulsion of the lungs, by which the air inthem is suddenly forced out, and causesa n oise

,which

, lIke all other soun ds of

the human voice, i s occasion ed by th e

motion of the glottis . Is is commonlycaused by a cold

,wh ich, if n eglected or

improperly treated at first,may soon en d

in a con sumption,especially if the blood

be out of order .CURE—Ant ispasmod ick and expecto

ran t powders sh ould be taken , morn ingand even ing : an t ispasmodick powdersshould be used for on e week, then theexpectorant powders, chan ging a weekabout . Thepat ien t should wear flann eln ext to the Skin .

Cr am p .

This distressing complain t is caused byan involuntary con traction of the muscle s .t c an gen erally be relieved in a Short

the feet and using an ti'

r 2

2 2 2 EXPERIENCED BOTANIST

spasmodick powders . Apply draughtsalso

,keep the feet warm, an d at the same

time hold a lump of brimston e in eachhan d . External friction to the part affected, is also very ben eficial .

D ea fn es s .

This complain t is occasion ed by a defeet in the formation of the organ s of hearing, in which case the patien t remain sdeaf for life, an d many times dumb also

,

owing to a similar defect in the organ s 0speech ; It is sometimes caused by thein spissation of the fluids of the head

, in

con sequen ce of disease, in which caseelectricity would be very proper : sometimes by an ulcer in the ear in thiskeep both ears filled with cotton wowet with the tin cture of lobelia inflata .

If deafness proceeds from debility of

n ervous system, make use of an tispadick powders twi ce in the day, andon e drop of rattle - sn ake oil in th e

on ce in th e day .


2 24: EXPERIENCED BOTAN IST

licate con stitution are most liable to suchan attack . The patien t should be laidin a horizon tal position in the open air

,

with th e h ead a little elevated, an d th e

arms spread out . The clothes, if tight,

should be loosened, so th at th e circulat ion can be as free as possible . The faceand breast should be sprinkled with coldwater, and the extremities rubbed with aflesh brush or flan n el, to in crease the cmculation there . After recovering from theattack

, use a tea made of some of thearticles that would be stimulating—saymotherwort .

F ev er S or e, I nflamm a t i on a n d Ul

cer a t i on of a B on e .

3‘F IRST STAGE - A peculiar, obtuse,deep - seated, aching pain , extremely distressing to the patien t, which soon affectsthe health to a remarkable degree . Atlength the parts swell and a tumor forms,possessing great hardn ess ; the Skin becomes red and extremely tender ; there

OR IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 2 2 5

i s an increase of heat ‘

apd other symptomsof inflammation .

” This is often causedby a severe bruise, which affects both th eflesh and the bon e, an d is sometimes caused by a gen eral disease becomlng a local

on e In bad bases of this kind, I thinkthe blood should be prepared by a tea ofbitter - sweet and sarsaparilla : a poulticeof sorrel should be applied for a fewtimes ; then make use of oin tmen t No . 1

till a cure is performed .

Gid d i n es s of t h e Hea d,or V er t ig o .

This complain t frequen tly or igi n ates ina foul stomach

,which should be clean sed

by an emet ick No . 1 ; after this a doseof pills No . 1 ,

followed by an t isp asmo

dick powders,taken morn ing an d even

ing .

F r os t b i t t en .

CURE .—Boil white oak leaves as strong

as you possibly can ; then bathe thepartaffected in“ it for one hour, as warm as

you can bear it .


Gr a v el a n d S t on e .

These disorders are the consequenceof a peculiar disposition of the fluids

(and more par ticularly t h e secretion of thekidneys) to form a calculous matter, and

have been supposed to be owing to thepresen ce of an acid prin ciple in them,called t h e uric acid— ah opin ion whichseems to be confirmed by the ben efi t deriv ed from a course ofalkalin e medicin es .When small ston es are lodged in the

kidneys,or discharged with the urin e

,

the patien t is said to be afflicted w ith thegravel . If one of these stones happen tomake a lodgmen t in the bladder for sometime

,i t accumulates fresh matter, and at

length becomes too large to pass off withthe urin e . In this case the patien t issaid to have the ston e .

CURE .—Make use of a tea made of

agrimony an d gravel - root, a week about,for a length of t ime, which will performa cure .



Hiccough .

This un easy and often distressing complain t con sists in a convulsive or spasmodick afl'ection of the muscles subservien t .to deglutition , and th e mIdrifl’ or diaph ragm, which many times severely af

feets the whole system . It arises fromany cause which irri tates those parts, suchas swallowing dry substan ces or powerful stimulan ts

,poison s

,&c.

,or from a

wan t of n ourishmen t in the stomach ._

Itis in n owise alarming in a state of health,as it can be removed by a full draught ocold water

,or by applying sn ow or ice

to the lips . If these application s do n otafford relief, make use of bathing and atea of pen nyroyal .

I n con t in en ce of Ur i n e .

“ In this disease there is an in v olun tary evacuation of urin e

,from an in abili

to retain it, owing to various causes, wgive rise to a weakn ess or paralyticdition of the Sphin cter muscle of th e blad

CR IND IAN PHYSIC IAN . 2 29

der . Sometimes it arises from ealculous

con cretion s irritating the n eck of the bladder

,or from injury don e to the parts in

the operation of cutting for the ston e ;from the pressure of the womb during apregn an t s tate, and

,n ow and then , from

injury don e to the bladder during labour .Too frequen t a use of spirituous liquors

,

excess in ven ery, an d the practice of onan ism, are frequen tly the exciting causesof an in con tin en ce of urin e .

”

If the complain t should be caus ed bycon cretion s in the bladder

,observe the

direction s given for Gravel an d S ton e .If i t proceed from debility, take a doseof pills No . 1 , and use a tea of wh itepin e buds, taken wh en « full grown

, for

con stan t drink, with the occasion al useof tan sy tea .

N i gh tm a r e .

T his occurs during sleep, and is disti nguish ed from dreams by a sen se of

weight upon the Chest, from which th eafflicted appreh en d great danger , but have

U


n ot power to move in the least degree .

They gradually wake up, but still remainincapable of motion, un til at length

,by

repeated efforts, motion is effected an d thesystem is at once restored to all its won tcd en ergies . At other times they remainmo t ionless, are sen sible of all they bear,but cann ot move without assIs tan ce .

—Ah .

stain ing from a hearty supper, and lyingon the righ t Side, will many times be sufficien t ; if n ot, make use of an t ispasmo

d ick powders, n ight and morn ing .

I n san i t y , or D er a n gem en t of Mi n d .

This is a disease of the mind,common

ly occasion ed by disappoin tmen t, grea tin tellectual exertion s, n ervous debili ty,long con tinued habits of in temperance

,

St e . Its effects are as various as t hemind of man . A minute description 0

them would be alike tedious and unpro

fi table to the reader. In all cases of thisdisease, strict atten tion shoulddiet . Pure

,cold water should


2 3 2 EXPERIENCED BOTANIS'

I‘

R up t u r e .

This gen erally results from acciden talinjuries . If a part of the intestin es passthrough the open ing, and do n ot read ilyreturn

,it is sometimes atten ded with great

distress . When this is the case, the patien t should be placed on th e back, an d

warm application s made to the part. Af

ter it return s,it should be kept up by a

bandage or truss . If it should n ot returnwithout, give an inj ection , which willcause action in the bowels ; keep themas regular as possible . It is gen erallycaused by violen t exertion s, as jumping,wrestling, lifting heavy weights, &c.

,

which must be carefully guarded again st .Should a rupture appear in young children , in con sequen ce of much crying,coughing, sn eezing, &c.

, the same mean sshould be persevered in as above directed, both to preven t it from coming downagain an d to return it . The patien t shouldbe kept as quiet as possible

,so that th e

rupture may heal again .

or. IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 2 3 3

Sa lt R h eum .

This“ is a local d i sease, confin ed chieflyto the han ds

,an d sometimes forms cracks

,

which discharge a wateryfluid . It isatten ded with a burn ing itching

,very

troublesome in cold weather . If thehealth be good, a tea of wild l et tuceshould be used for con stan t drink .

W ash the hands sev eral times a day withthe tin ctur e of lobelia inflata, and thenoIn t them over with the oin tmen t No . 1 .

Sca ld Head .

T his is a disease in which the h ead iscovered with a scab . It is con tagious,an d gen erally affects whole families, es

pecially the children . Observe the samet reatmen t for this as for Salt Rheum .

S ecure the affe cted part from the air, as

much as possible, by a silk cap . Physick occasionally with pills No . 1 .

Sc'

r ofin a , or K in g’s E v il.

The characteristic s ign s of this dis easeU 2


are swellings of the lymphatic glands,

chiefly in the n eck, a thick upper lip,

smooth skin ,florid complexion , en largemen t of the belly , and obstin ate ulcers .It gen erally arises b etween the third an d

seven th year, yet sometimes later, and

even at the age of puberty, particularlyin person s of a relaxed habit

, of an irritable fibre

,an d fine skin .

When it makes its appearan ce, i t i s

attended with hard, un equal,or knotty

tumours in the glands about the n eck,

and under th e j aw .

”

CURE—Make use of bitter Sweet andburdock for con stan t drink . Apply apoul tice of white or yellow lily to thetumour ; then anoin t the tumour twice inthe day with oin tmen tNo . 1 . A lengthyapplication might

,however

,be n ecessary .

Sor e Mou t h .

This is caused by canker and is calledThrush . Golden seal or gold thread isgood for it, either as a wash, or chewed



give a potion of the pills No . 2 , and acommon inj ection occasionally, un til thephysick operates . The most Commonvegetable poison s are cicuta, or poisonhemlock, ivy, n ight - shade, henban e,muskrat root, laurel, poison sumach,poppy

,hellebore, (called also itch weed

an d poke . ) If any of these should beapplied to the external surface, i t wouldcause swelling and a violen t itching .

Some person s - are n ot easily affected bythem . In cases of swelling, &c. fromextern al poison , keep the stomach wellguarded by a tea made of spikenard

,and

bathe the affected part with tin cture of

lobelia inflata . Min eral poison shouldbe treated in a similar mann er . Mustardseed, fi nely pulverized, is highly recom .

men ded for poison .

I/‘en er ea l D i sea se .

This disease is caused by in tercoursewith common prostitutes

, and gen erallyaffects the parts of gen eration

,but some

O R IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 2 3 7

t imes appears on differen t parts of t h e

body . Children are afflicted with it, ift heir paren ts

,especially the mother, h ave

been , previous to their birth ; an d thus iti s h an ded down from gen eration to gen er ation . This d isease ‘

appears In differen tforms . Clap, or mildes t s tate of thed isease

, man ifests itself in from four toten days, gen erally, but sometimes n ot

under two or three weeks from the timeof rece mg the infection . ItCommen ceswith an Itching in the most ten der part of

g en eration , and a scalding sen sation whenmaking water, which in creases, an d iss oon followed by a discharge of whitemucus matter from th e “ pen is, in men .

T his soon changes to a yellow or greencolour, an d in creases much in quan tity .

The discharge is from the vagin a in wo

men , and is generally discoloured . Theyare also afflicted with a scalding sensation in making water

,but the discharge

is performed with more freedom than inmen

,as th e organ s of generation are dif


feren tly formed in the differen t sexes, sothat th e urine does not pass through th eaffe cted part in women , as it must in men .

The more advan ced or ulcerated stageof the disease is called Chan cres . Theulcers appear first in small red pimples,which con tain a tran sparen tfluid . Thesebreak and form n ew one s, which are verys ore an d painful, an d spread con siderably .

It is sometimes commun icated to the n ipple, by a child who is thus compelled tobear the s in of the paren t . Swellings,called Bubos, frequen tly form in the groin ;and if matter h e suffered to get in to a soreon the hand, bubos will be likely to formin the arm - pit . They are very painful

,and

seriously affect the motion of the j oin ts .A S the disease p rogresses

,brown or cop

per coloured spots appear on differen tparts of the system ; t h e throat becomesulcerated, the voice hoarse, and swallowing difficult ; inflammation takes place inthe eyes ; the nose is affected , and fi nallycon sumed . Pain and ulceration con tinue


240 EXPERIENCED BOTAN I ST

an d despicable of all diseases, it is necessary to wash the whole extern al surfacew ith a tea of tag alder, on ce in twen tyfour hours . Change the under clothes .

often , and use every mean s of cleanlin ess .to preven t the matter that has on ce been ;thrown out of the system from get tingback ;

W h i t e Sw elli n g s .

The large j oin ts,such as the kn ee,

ankle, an d elbow, are most liable to th e

attacks of this malady . In th e first Stagesof this disease

,the Skin is not a t all altered

in colour . In most cases, the tumour istrivial

,although the pain is s evere, and .

felt common ly at on e poin t of the ar ticu

lation . The swelling at first occupies thelittle hollows of the j oin ts, but soon becomes gen eral . The patien t soon only;touches the groun d with the tip of h is :

toes, and the limb becomes stiff an dicrooked . These are the appearan ces imthe first sta

ge . At length the diseasech

j oin t appears of an enormous Size th e:

CR IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 24 1

Skin not much altered, but smooth and

shin ing, with a few red vein s runn ingover it . Some open ings appear, and

dis charges from them : sometimes theseheal, but soon

' break out again . Thehealth fails, an d h ectick fever comes on .

When this complain t first makes i tsappearance

,bathe the part frequen tly

with the tincture of hemlock, an d use atea of bitter Sweet an d burdock rootanoIn t the parts affected with oin tmen tNo . 4 , twice in the day .

W h i t low , or F elon .

~Th esc seat on the bon e, at or n ear th ej oin t, and, if n eglected, gen erally con

sume a part of the bon e . The following salve is th e best remedy I kn ow of

I have n ever kn own of its failing to perform a cure in a short time . (See In

dex, Salve for Felon . ) This should beapplied to the tumour when it

l

firs t makesit s appearance, and repeated, if n ecessary .

w


Th e worms found in the human stomach and bowels are of three kinds

,viz

the ascarides, the teres, and the tapewormf The ascarides somewhat resemble short pieces of white thread : thesemost aflli 'ct the stomach and fundamen t.The teres is a roun d worm,

gen erally a

number of in ches in length these occupythe stomach and in tes tin es . The tape .

worm isflat like tape, full of join ts, and,if n ot removed, i t sometimes grows to an umber of yards in length : these alsooccupy the s tomach an d in tes tin es . T h ecause of worms Is chiefly, if n ot always,owing to a foul s tomach and indigestion ,which also cause all the variety of symp

toms upon which so much dependen ce isplaced, as indicating their presence . Su

symptoms Should be regarded as indiing a disordered stomach and bowelsand medicin e given to remove slime, &cfrom them, and regulate the health .

patien t Should take a puke ofNo . 2


24-4 EXPERIENCED BoTAN Isr‘

car . It is often so violen t as to occasiongreat restlessn ess, anxiety, and even delirium .

CURE . Wet cotton with the tin ctureof lobelia inflata, an d put it in t he earsrepeat it often , if n ecessary .

F r et t ed or Ch a p p ed N ip p les .

When the n ipples are fretted or chapped

,they may be bathed several times in

the day with a mixture'

of tincture of

hemlock and tincture of lobelia inflata,

equal parts .

This disease often seizes people sud

denly, is very dangerous, and requiresimmediate assistan ce . If the patien t h asany in clin ation to vom i t, h e ought to takesome draughts of warm water, or weakchamomile tea, to clean se his stomach .

After this, if he has been costive, a clyster may be given . The juice of tan seyshould be taken freely, un til the crampsubsides .

CR IND IAN PHYS I C IAN .

B i t e of a S n a ke .

CURES . Take the plan t called lion’sheart ; pound it, mix i t with milk,

“applya poultice to the wound

,an d drink some

of th e s ame ; or drink half an ounce ofsweet oil, and apply some of the n ameto the wound .

S train s are often atten ded with moreserious con sequen ces than broken bon es .

Th e reason i s obvious : they are gen erally n eglected . W hen a bon e is broken

,

the patien t is obliged to keep the membereasy, because he cann ot make use of it ;but when a join t is on ly strain ed

,the

person , finding he can still make a shiftto move it, is sorry to lose his time for sotrifling an ailmen t . In this way h e deceiv es himself. Country people generally immerse a s train ed limb in coldwater . This is v ery proper, provided ithe done immediat ely, and not kept intoo long ; but th e custom of keeping th e

W 2


part immersed in cold water for a longtime, is certainly dangerous . It relaxesin stead of bracing the part

,and is more

likely to produce an evil than removeone . Bathing the strain ed part with thetincture of hemlock, and wrapping a garter

,or some other bandage, pretty tight

about it, is a great assistan ce in performing th e cure . It helps to restore the proper ton e of the vessels, and preven ts theaction of the parts from in creasing thedisease . It Should not

,however, be ap

plied too tight .

CURE . An oint the part afl'ected withoin tmen t No . 3 , and con tinue un til it i scured . Som

‘

etimes blood - root, sliced and

put in strong vinegar, i s good . Th e

blood should be clean sed by a tea of bit

ter Sweet and burdock root .

Cm v uls i on F i t s .

CURE.“ Take a dose of the tincture of

lobelia inflate, and repeat it, ifnecessary.

’



sphacelus . The blood coagulates in thelarge vessels leading to the mortified part,for some distan ce from the slough ; and

this is th e reason why the separation of

a mortified limb is seldom followed byhemorrhage .

W hen any part of the body mor tifies,th e con stitution suffers immediately a

con siderable dej ection : t he patien t’scoun tenan ce suddenly assumes a wild,cadaverous look ; the pulse becomessmall

,rapid

,and sometimes irregular ;

cold perspiration s, diarrh e a, and ev en

delirium,occur .

CURE. If the mor tificat ion is in tern al, make use of a tea of slippery elm

and smart - weed . If i t should be extern al, bathe the part with the tin cture of

hemlock, and apply a poultice of slipperyelm and smart - weed : the tincture Shouldbe applied always before the poultice

This fever takes i ts n ame from the

CR IND IAN PHYS ICIAN . 2499

small pustules or bladders which appearon the skin , res embling, in shape and

Si z e, the seeds of millet . The pustulesare either red or white, an d sometimesboth are mixed together .The whole body is sometimes covered

with pustules ; but they are gen erallymore numerous where the sweat is mostabundan t, as on th e breast, the back, 8m.A gen tle sweat or moisture on the Skin

,

greatly promotes the eruption ; but whenthe skin i s dry

,the eruption is both more

paIn ful an d dangerous . Sometimes thisi s a primary disease ; but it i s much of

ten er only a symptom of s ome other malady

,as the small pox

, measles, arden t,ut rid, or n ervous fever &c.

In all these cases, i t is gen erally th eeffect of too h ot a regimen or med icines .The milIary fever chiefly attacks the idlean d the phlegmatic

,

‘or person s of a re

lax ed h abit . The young and the agedare more liable to i t than those in thev igour and prime of life . It is likewise

2 5 0 EXPER IENCED BOTANIST

more in ciden t to women than men , especially th e delicate and the indolen t, whon eglecting exercise, keep con tinualwithin doors, and live upon weak, wadiet . Such females are extremely lto be seized with this disease in chilbed

,and often lose their lives by it .

CAUSE. The miliary fever is somt imes occasion ed by violen t passion saffection s of the mind, as excessive grianxiety, thoughtfuln es s, &c. It may likewise be occasion ed by excessive watching, great evacuation s, a weak, watediet, rainy seasons , eating too freelycold, crude, un ripe fruit . as plums, ch eries, cucumbers, melon s, &c.

waters, or provision s which havespoiled by rainy season s, long kee&c.

, may likewise cause miliaryThey may also be occasion ed bys toppage of any customary ev acuat

as issues, seton s, ulcers,the bleedi

piles in men, or the men strualflux

women, &c. This disease in ch


2 5 2 nxr nn i nNcnn BOTAN IST

tien t feels an itch ing or pricking punder th e skin ; after which, innumerasmall pustules, of a red or white colobegin to appear : upon th is

,the symptom

generally abate, the pulse becomes morfull and soft, the skin grows moister,t h e sweat, as the disease advan ces,gin s to have a peculiar foetid smell ;great load on the breast

, an d oppres s io

of the spirits, generally go off, and th

customary evacuat ion s gradually retAbout the sixth or seven th day fromeruption , the pustules begin to dryfall off

,which occasion s a very disagree

able itching in the skin .

It IS impossible to ascertain the ex ac

t ime when the pustules will either appcor go off. They gen erally come out

th e third or fourth day, when the eru

tion is critical ; but, when symptomaticalthey appear at any time of the diseaseS ometimes the pustules appear and v anby turn s . When that is the case, th18 always danger ; but when they go in

on'

1ND IAN PHYS I C IAN . 25 3

sudden ly, and do not appear again, thedanger is v ery great . In child - be d wo

men , th e pustule s are common ly at firstfilled with clear water ; afterwards, theygrow yellowish . Some times they are

in terspersed with pustules of a red co

lour when these on ly appear, the diseasegoes by the n ame of a Rash .

MANAGEMENT. I n all eruptive fevers,

of whatever kin d, the ch ief poin t i s topreven t the sudden disappearing of th e

pustule s, an d to promote their maturation .

F or this purpose, the patien t’

mus t bekept in such a temperature as neither to '

push out the eruption too fast, nor to

cause i t to retreat “ prematurely . Th e

diet an d drink ought therefore to be in a

moderate degree n ourishin g and cordial,but n either s trong n or heating . The pa

tien t’e chamber ought n either to - be kepttoo h ot nor too cold and he s hould n ot

be too much covered wi th clothe s . Aboveall, the mind is to be kept easy an d

cheerful . Nothing so certainly makesx

2 5 4: EXPERIENCED BOTANIST

an eruption go in , as fear, or th e appre

h en s ion of danger . Th e food must beWeak chicken broth

, with bread, pan ada,sago, or groat - gruel, &c. ; to a gill of

which may be added a spoonful or twoofwin e, as the patien t’s strength requires,w ith a few grain s of salt an d a little sugar . Good apples, roas ted or boiled,w i th other ripe fruits of an open ing and

cooling nature, may be eaten . The drinkmay be suited to the state of the patien t

’ss trength an d spirits . If thes e be prettygood

,the drink ought to be weak

,as wa

t er - gruel, balm - tea, or the tea of sarsapa

r illa . Sometimes the miliary fever appreaches towards a putrid n ature ; inwhich case

,th e patien t’s strength mus t.

be supported with gen erous cordials,j oined with acids ; and, if the degree ofputrescen ce be great, the Peruvian barkmust be admin is tered . If the head bemuch affected, the body must be keptOpen by clysters .CURE. If the food and drink be pro


2 5 6 EXPERIENCED BO TAN IST

when in Child - bed, they ought s trictly toobs erve acool diet .There is , not any fever in which the

symptoms ought to be more carefullywatched than in thi s ; changes are frequen tand rapid, and the fever itself often assumes a qui te differen t character . It is

,

therefore, of the utmost importance , uponsuch occasion s, to change the diet an d

medicin es, and adapt them to t h e n ew

symptoms.

P uerp er a l F ev er .

The most fatal d isorder con sequen tupon delivery is the puerperal or ch ildbed fever.

i

n gen erally makes its attackupon the secon d or third day after delivery . Sometimes, indeed, it comes on

soon er, and at other times, though rarely,it does not appear before the fifth or sixthday . It begin s, like most other fevers,with a cold or shivering fi t, which is succeeded by restlessn ess, pain of the head,

on IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 2 5 7

great sickn ess at the stomach, and bilious vomiting . The puls e is gen erally

quick,'

th e tongue dry, and there is a remarkable depres sion of spirits and lossof strength . A great pain is usually feltIn the back

,hips

, an d region of the womb ;a sudden change in the quan tity or quality of t h e lochia also takes place, an d

the patien t is frequen tly troubled with aten esmus

,or con stan t in clin ation to go

to stool .The urin e

,which is very highly co

loured,is discharged in small quan tities,

and gen erally with pain . The bellysometimes swells to a con siderable bulk,and becomes susceptible of pain from th eslightest touch . When th e fever hascon tinued for a few days, the symptomsof inflammation usually subside, and thedisease acquires a more putrid form . Atthis period, if n ot soon er, a bilious orputrid loosen ess, of an obstin ate an d dan

gerous n ature, comes on , and accompan iesthe disease tllrough

’allfits future progress .x 2

2 5 8 EXPER IENCED BOTANIST

There is not any disease that requires tobe treated with more skill an d atten tionthan this ; con sequen tly, the bes t assistan ce ought always to be obtained assoon as possible . In women ofpleth or ia

con stitution s,bleeding will gen erally be

proper at the begin n ing : it ought, however

,to be used with caution , an d n ot to

be repeated,unless where the sign s of

inflammation rise high ; in which case, i twill also be n eccessary to apply a blistering plast er to the region of the womb .

During the rigour,or cold fi t, proper

m ean s should be used to abate its violen ce

,an d shorten its duration . Eor this

purpose,the patien t may drink freely of

warm diluted liquors, an d, if low, musttake now and then a cup of win e - wheywarm application s to the extremities

,as

heated bricks, bottles or bladders filledwith warm water

,and such like, may

also be taken with advan tage .

Clysters of milk and water,or of

chicken water, ought to be frequen tly ad



nourish ing diet and gen erous cordials .When th e stomach will n ot bear any

kin d of n ourishmen t, the patien t may besupported for some time by clysters of

beef- tea or chicken - broth .

To avoid this fever, every woman inch ild - bed ought to be kept perfectly easy :her food should be light an d simple, andher bed - chamber cool an d properly v en

t ilated . There is n ot any thing morehurtful to a woman in this situation , thanbeing kept too warm . Sh e ought n ot tohave her body too tight

,n or to rise too

soon from bed after delivery : catchingcold is also to be avoided ; and a properatten tion should be paid to clean lin ess .

Mi lk F ev e r .

To preven t the milk fever, the breastsought to be frequen tly drawn ; and, if

they are filled previous to th e on set of afever, they should, upon its first appearan ce, be drawn , to preven t the milk frombecoming acrid, and bein g absorbed inthis state . Costiv en ess is likewis e to be

on IND IAN PHYS IC IAN . 2 61

av oided : this will be best effected bythe use ofmild clv s ters and a laxat iv e diet .We shall con clude our observation s

on child - bed women , by recommen dingto them, above all thin gs, to beware of

cold Poor women , whose circumstan

ces oblige them to quit their bed toosoon

,often con tract diseases from cold

,

of which they n ever recover . I t is apity tha t the poor are n ot taken care ofin this situation . But the richer sort ofwomen run th e greatest hazard from too

much heat . Th ey are gen erally kept ina sort of bagn io for the firs t eight or tendays, and then dressed out to s ee com

pany . The dan ger of this conduct mustbe obvious t o every one .

~ T h e supers ti

tious custom of obliging women t o keepthe house un til they go to church

,i s like

w ise a very common cause of catchin gcold . All churches are damp, an d mostof them cold con sequen tly, they are thevery worst places to which a woman can

go to make h er first visit,after havin g been

a warm room for a mon th .


oN THE PERN ICIOUS

EF FECS‘IFQ (DE MEECQ'

LU’

EYQ

JAM ES HA M I L TON,M . D .

Fellow of th e Royal Colleg e of Physicians,Pr ofessor of Midwifery in the Un i

v er s i ty of Edinburg .

AMI

ONG the numerous poison s whichhave been used for the cure or alleviation of diseases , there are few which possess more active and of course more dan

gerous powers than Mer cur y . Even th esimplest an d mildest forms of that min eral exert a most exten sive influen ce overth e human frame

,and many of its ch emi

cal preparation s are so deleterious, tha tin the smallest doses they speedily des troy life .

The late Dr . Parr, in his Medical Dic

t ionary, (vol . 1 , page 177 ) thus expat i

ates on th e virtues an d uses of that min

2 66 EFFECT S or MERCURY .

eral : As a medicin e, there is scarcelyan in dication that mercury cann ot supply .

There is n o more certain an d active emetic than the mercurius v itriolatus ; a morepowerful laxative than the calomel ; amore efl'ectual an d steady diaphoretic ands timulan t than the mercurius mur iatus ; amore certain emmen agogue th an calomel ;a more effective errhin e than the turpethm ineral ; a more perfect sialagogue thaneither of its preparation s .”

Practition ers of t he first respectabilityprescribe on every trifling occasion calome", or the blue pill . Thus, calomel isn ow almost the un iversal open ing medicin e recommen ded for infan ts an d children , an d a course of the blue pill (whichis on e of the mildest preparation s of mer

cury) is advised, without any discr lmln ation , for the cure of trifling irregularitiesof digestion in grown person s .D r . Falcon er of Bath ( in a paper In

s erted in the firs t volume of the Tran saction s of the Medical Society of L on


2 68 EFFECT S or MERCURY .

als on whom such medicin es, though cont inued for a con siderable length of time

,

have little or n o perceptible influen ce,

unless the activity of their form, or themagn itude of them dose, be calculated toexcite immediate effects . For example,whatever the con stitution of the personmay be, - a very few grain s of the muriateof mercury, given in substan ce, prove ra .

p idly fatal, and large doses of the sub

muriate are quickly followed by vomitingand purging. O n the other hand, in stances of con stitution s which are un suscep

t ible of the influen ce of the ordin ary dosesan d preparation s ofmercury, are very fewin comparison with those which are affected by the smallest quan tity of th at mineral .Preparation s of mercury

,exhibited ci

ther in ternally or externally for any lengthof t ime

, increase, in gen eral, the action of

the heart and arteries, an d produce sali

vation , followed by emaciation and debility , with an extremely irritable state ofthe whole system .

EFFECT S or MERCURY. 2 69

These effects of mercury are expresslymen tion ed, or virtually admitted, by every author, an clen t and modern , who hasdirected its use ; and it mus t appear v ery extraordin ary that their full influen ces hould have been misun derstood, or a t

least n ot sufli elen tly regarded .

Th e firs t effect enumerated, i s an in

creased action of th e heart an d arteries,

that is,a more than usually rapid circu

lation of blood t hrough every part of thebody . This also occurs in feverish an d

inflammatory disorders,an d in all is ac

compan ied with an augmen tation of thean imal heat , But in feverish disordersthere is n either any apparen t change upon th e sen sible qualities of the blood, n ora ny unusual flow of the ordin ary secret ion s ; while in inflamma tory affection st h e sen sible qualitie s of the blood are materially altered, and either some of thes ecretions are furn ished in greater abundan ce, or topical congestion s, that 15 ,

' Y 2

2 70 EFFECTS or MERCURY .

obstruction s in the vessels of particularparts, take place .

Accelerated circulation of the blood,

in con sequen ce of the use of mercury,i s

attended with the most obvious of th e circums tan ces which arise from inflamma

tion . Blood drawn from th e arm of themost delicate an d debilitated individual,subj ected to a course of mercurial medicin es, exhibits the same bufl'y crus t withblood drawn from a person labouring under pleurisy

,an d the secretion s from th e

skin or from the kidn eys are greatly increased .

In inflammatory complain ts, topical congestion s occur more frequen tly than ln

crease of secretion s, while the reverse ofthis happen s where the in ordin ate actionof the heart and arteries i s occasion ed byth e use of mercury .

There is an other remarkable differen ce .

In inflammatory diseases, the muscularstrength, in many in stan ces

,con tinues


272 EFFECTS or MERCURY .

n ate action of the heart and arteries, at

ten ded with an altered state of the bloodan d with debility, while the in creased secre tion s accompanyin g this inordin ate action have n o tenden cy to allay it

,the

health mus t be rapidly undermin ed ; andif there be ulceration s in any part of th ebody, they must as certainly degen eratein to malign an t SereS

,as blistered surfaces

or scar ificat ion s mortify i n cases wherethe living powers are much exhausted .

Experien ce has proved the reality of

such con clusion s,but prejudice and in

accurate observ ation l ed many practi t ioners of deserved reputation to at tributeth ese effects of mercury to other causes,till Mr . Mathias published his valuableremarks on what he terms the mercurialdisease . Thus

,before Mr . Math ias’s

publication,the injurious effects of mer

cury in some syphilitic cases were att ri

buted to the origin al virus operating on

s crofulous,or can cerous, or scorbutic con

s titution s,or to some complication or

an omaly which was in exp licable .

EFFECT S OF MERCURY . 27 3

Mr . Mathias has un equivocally Shewn,that certain dan gerous changes upon ul

cer ation s origin ally syph ilitic, and certain derangemen ts Of health, occur whenever mercury has been admin istered intoo acrid a form,

or in too large a quantity ; and his remarks are confirmed bythe experien ce Of every practition er whohas, with exten sive Opportun ities Of observ ation , been atten t ive to the phen omsn a . He imagin es that t h e action Of themercury in such cases is O f a specific orpeculiar n ature ; it m ore probably, however, i s merely in an in ordinat e or excess iv e degree, an d in n o other respectdifl‘eren t from what it is in every case .

It is a well known fact, that exposure tocold

,bodily fatigue, and f irregulari ties of

d iet, particularly indulgen ce in in tox icating liquors, have aggravated the s everityan d malign an cy Of syphilitic ulceration s,whether primary or secondary . But asall those differen t causes concur only inon e respect

, v ii . in exciting Inflammation ,

274 EFFECTS OF MERCURY .

it is eviden t that mercury, when it affectst h e sys tem, must be productive of equally injurious changes upon the ulceration sin question and upon the gen eral health ,because it probably induces a more v io

len t degree of inflammation than exposure to cold or irregularities O f diet .Upon the same prin ciple may be ex

plained the fact n oticed by all prac ticalwriters, that scrofulous sores, and scirr

bous tumours,and can cerous affection s,

in certain s tages of their progress , aremuch aggravated by preparation s of mercury .

Dr . Blackall has shewn that, from thesame cause , thicken ing of various mem

bran es,particularly the pericardium and

pleura costalis has en sued ; and it i smore than probable

,that the aching pain s

wh ich‘so Often follow courses of mercury,

are owing to partial adhesion and thicken ing of the cellular membran e in con tactwith the fascia an d extremities of the muscles . From D r . Blackall’s cases, too,


2 74: EFFECTS OF MERCURY .

i t is eviden t that mercury, when it affectst h e system,

must be productive Of equally injurious changes upon the ulceration sin question an d upon the gen eral health ,because it probably induces a more violen t degree Of inflammation than exposure to cold or irregularities of diet .Upon the same prin ciple may be ex

plain ed the fact n oticed by all prac ticalwriters, that scrofulous sores, an d scirr

h ous tumours,an d can cerous affection s,

in certain stages of their progress, aremuch aggravated by preparation s of mer

cury .

Dr . Blackall has shewn that, from thesame cause

,thicken ing of various mem

bran es,particularly the pericardium an d

pleura costalis has en sued ; and it i smore than probable

,that the aching pain s

wh ich'

fso Often follow courses Of mercury,are owing to partial adhesion and thicken ing Of the cellular membran e in con tactwith the fascia an d extremities Of the mus - l

cles . From D r . Blackall’s cases, t oo,

EFFECT S OF MERCURY . 27 5

there is reason t o believe t h at the inflammatory diathesis induced by mercury,may con tinue fOr a con siderable time af

ter the m ercury h as been laid aside, an d

w ithout any man ifest sign s . W hen ind iv iduals in this State are subj ected toacciden tal exposure to cold, or indulgein irregularity of living, a violen t an d anomalon s in disposition takes place, whichis apt to termin ate fatally, or to occas iona broken state of health .

S econ dly— Salivation , or an» exces s ivean d un usualflow Of saliva

,in gen eral fol

lows the “ in creased action of the heart andarteries

,an d i s preceded by a certain me

t allie taste in the mouth, and is atten dedw ith a peculiar Odour of the breath

,dif

feren t from wh at is ever perceived in any

n atural disease .

W hen an in crease of any of the ordin ary secretion s takes place during thecourse of inflammatory affection s, th e local complain ts may be relieved . But theexcessive flow of saliva, in con sequence

2 76 EFFECT S OF MERCURY .

of mercury, i s accompan ied wi th more orles s local inflammation of all the partswithin the mouth . In some cases

,besides

the ordin ary ulceration of the gums, and

loosen ing an d fi nal separation of the teeth,

the tongue, moveable palate, St e . Swelland ulcerate to a frightful degree .

Th irdly—Emaciation so commonly fol

lows a course of mercury,that several

emin en t physician s , about the beginn ingof the last cen tury, imagined that mercury had a n atural ten den cy to destroy thefatty particles . The celebrated V an

Swieten ( t 147) says, “ All the pinguidhumours are dissolved by the action Of

mercury, all the viscid are attenuated,an d discharged out of the body, throughvarious outlets, togeth er with the virusadhering to them ; therefore, when th e .

patien t’s body is totally emaciated,

”

This emaciation has generally beerssupposed to proceed, partly from the dimin ished appetite for food, and chieflyfrom the increased secretion s and exere


278 EFFECTS OF MERCURY.

takes place—in others, palsy or epilepsysuperven es

, and in many the memoryan d judgmen t are more or less permauen tly impaired . In stan ces

,too . have

occurred, where sudden death has eu

perv en ed, apparen tly In con sequen ce Ofa very trifling exertion or agitation .

Mr . Pearson has well described such ca a

ses un der the title of Erethismus . H e

says, this s tate “ i s characterised by greatdepress ion Of strength, a sen s e of anxietyabout the precordia, irregula r action Of

th e heart,frequen t Sighing, trembling,

partial or un iversal, a small, quick, and

sometimes in termitting pulse, occasion alvomiting, a pale con tracted coun ten an ce,a sen se of coldn ess ; but the tongue isseldom furred

, nor are the vital or n atural fun ction s much disordered .

”

It may be alleged, that these are extreme cases

,and it must be admit ted t

in many in stances, those very violen tfeets do not follow D elicate indrv ials

,howev er, particularly those who h

EFFECT S OF MERCURY . 279

b een accustomed to a seden tary life, andtherefore

, in an especial degree, females ,generally experien ce, after a cours e Of

mercury,various modification s Of disor

dered f eelings,commun icatin g the idea

of imagin ary diseases, which unfit themfor the duties Of life, an d render existen ce a burden .

Among the an omalous complain ts arisng from this cause, may be enumerated,aired or caprlclous appetite for food,all the ordinary symptom s of in

gestion , particularly r etch ings in th eorn ing, an dflatulen cy—disturbed Sleep,ith frightful dreams— impaired

fl

or deed vision frequen t aches an d pain sifferen t parts Of the body—occasionsuch sudden failure of strength, asst dying, and at other times violen titation s at the heart

,accompan ied

h diffi culty of breathing . Along withthese complain ts

,there Is such a

etch edn ess of - look, with such a probrood over their mi serable feel ,

280 EFFECTS OF MERCURY .

ings, that it is extremely diffi cult to per.suade the relation s or the attendan ts of

the patien t that there is no serious indisposition — Indeed, medical practition ers,wh o are n ot accustomed to weigh withmature deliberation all the complication sof symptoms, are gen erally deceived insuch cases

,and involun tarily add to the

alarm both Of the unhappy sufl’erer and

of the atten dan ts .“ I might cite all writers on th e Mate

ria Medica”, D r . F alconar, in the paper

alluded to, (page says, “ for auth ori .tie s that the long con tinued an d frequen tuse Of mercury is n ot free from danger ;that

,among other ill effects, it tends to

produce tremors an d paralysis, and not

un frequen tly incurable man ia . I havemyself seen repeatedly, from this cause,a kin d of approximation to these maladies

,that embittered life to such a degree,

with a shocking depression of spirits, andother n ervous agitation s wi th which itwas acchmpan ied, as to make it more


282 EFFECT S OF MERCURY .

t ive ph ysician s upon patien ts labouringunder scrofulous affection s have proved

,

that in some cases ulceration s of the softparts

,an d caries Of th e bon es, origin ally

arising from ill - conditioned states of thesystem,

are much accelerated in theirprogres s by mercurial medicin e . Of thismany melan choly examples might becited . A boy about 1 1 years Old had asore on one cheek, with an affection of

the j aw, wh ich were attributed to themi sman agement of a dentist in extractinga carious tooth . A physician was consulted, (after the patien t had suffered fors ome mon ths,)wh o immediately prescrib .

ed a regular and full cours e ofmercury .

In a short time ulceration s in the throatappeared

,the n ose sunk, and on e Of the

eyes was n early destroyed, while thegen eral health became so seriously injur .

ed, that death followed in a few mon ths .Can it be for a momen t doubted, that allthose morbid changes proceeded from th einflamma tory action of the mercury ?

EFFECT S O F MERCURY . 283

Men tal derangemen t, with even tualfatuity, has sometimes followed a courseofmercury and th e probable reason whyit does n ot do SO more frequen tly is, thatthe irritable state Of min d which usuallyprecedes actual derangemen t, common lyalarms the attendan ts, an d leads to activeprecaution ary measures .

An other con sequen ce of the use of

mercury is a ” very violen t affection Of ‘ th eskin , originally hin ted at by Mr . Benj amin Bell, an d

,more lately, particularly

described by Dr . Alley of Dublin , Dr .

Spen s Of Edinburgh,and Mr . P earson

Of Lon don . It h as been styled hydrargyr ia by Dr . Alley, erythema mercurialeby Dr . Spen s, an d aozema mercurialeby Mr . Pearson .

This eruption is usually preceded byheat an d itching of the skin , a frequen tpulse, an d a white tongue . Most commonly it begin s on e In side of thethighs; or about theflex tures

l

of the arms ;and Mr . Pearson as sert s, that it gen er

284l EFFECTS . O F MERCURY .

ally attacks the a n terior parts of th e bodybefore the posterior . The parts affectedare first of a fain t red colour, and gradually the shade becomes deeper . Theeruption proceeds by slow degrees overthe whole surface, accompanied with an

eviden t tumefaction Of the Skin , withgreat ten dern ess and heat

,an d mos t

troublesome itchings .Examin ed by a magn ifying glass, the

eruption appears d istin ctly vesicular,though the vesicles are SO m inute, thatth ey can not be distinguished by the n akedeye . These minute vesicles con tain atfirs t

'

a pellucid fluid, and are each Sur

rounded by a circular redn ess . Fromth e great itching they are soon and ine

v i tably ruptur ed, and discharge a th inacrid fluid, which irritates an d excoriatesthe surface, and aggravates greatly thepatien t’s suflbrings . In this way thedisease proceeds from one part to an other,till the whole person becomes affected .

W hen the v esicles are first ruptured,


286 EFFECTS O F MERCURY .

within ten years,eight patien ts died .

For a more particular accoun t Of thisloathsome and dis tressing affection , t h er eader is referred to Dr . Spen s’Observat ion s, already quoted, Dr . Alley on By

dl’argyria, Mr . Pearson, ( secon d edi

tion , page and Dr . Bateman ,page 2 5 4 .

These morbid effects of mercury don ot seem to depen d en tirely

~upon th e

quan tity or mode of preparation of thatmedicine which may be admin istered toth e individual ; for while it i s an estab .

lish ed fact,that the mildest preparation s

employed extern ally, if exhibited in tou rlarge doses

,or con tinued for too great a

length oft ime, are followed by some of

the bad effects above enumerated , it ialso notorious, that very small quan t i tieofmercury have suddenly provedinjurious . Thus

, in a lady (whomauthor attended some years ago, ai

with his in telligen t frien d, Dr . Farson) wh o had h ad such small

EFFECT S OF MERCURY. 287

the blue pill, combin ed with opium,for

three n ights successively, that the wholequan tity amoun ted to n o more than fiv egrain s of the mass, salivation began on

t he fifth day, and n otwithstanding everyatten tion

,the tongue an d gums be came

swelled to “

an en ormous degree, bleedingulcers of th e mouth an d fauces took place,an d such exces sive debility followed,that for n early a whole mon th her lifewas in the utmost jeopardy . Everypractitioner must have met with similarcases .An other common con sequen ce of a v ery

small dose of mer cury, is an excessiv ebowel complain t . In many individuals,a perman en t irritability of the stomachand in testin al can al has followed t h e ac

ciden tal exhibition of a few grains of

calomel .Various other an omalous affection s

h ave been known to succeed the use of

ury . Thus , Dr . F alcon er men tion s,

‘ of th e Medical Society of

288 EFFECTS or MERCURY .

London , Vol . III . page that heonce saw a dropsy of the breast producedby the use of a mercurial remedy for aredn ess in the face, which it efi

'

ectually

r emoved, but in stan tly produced a dropsyof the chest, terminating in death ‘ Dr .Blackall h as recorded similar in stan ces .In his observation s on the hydrargyria,

page 40, Dr . Alley asserts, that he hads een “ that eruption appear over the en tirebody of a boy about s even years old, forwhom but three grain s of calomel hadbeen prescribed inefi ‘

ectually as a pur

gativ e .

”

Many other in stan ces of v iolen t effectsfrom a small dose of' mercury might becited . Besides, the following seems toaprove that mercury may remain inerta cons iderable time in the habit, and

t erwards, by some in explicable circums tan ce, may become active .

A. lady, the mother of four children , ithe twen ty - eighth year of her age, hadbad miscarriage at the end of the


2 90 EFFECTS or MERCURY.

have been mixed with them but it turn edout that they con tain ed n o mercury . Themost anxious an d unremitting atten tion

,

an d the careful exhib i t ion of all the ordin ary remedies which have been employedin similar cases, proved un availing . Thesaliv ation , with the usual con sequen ce ofexcess ive emaciation

,debility, an fi rrita

bility, con tinued for above twelve mon ths .Occasion ally for a day or two it waschecked

,but alarming vomiting, with

threaten ing sinking of the living powers,superven ed .

It i s un iv ersally ackn owledged, thatalthough the morbid effects of mercurymay be induced very suddenly, and byv ery small quan tities of the medicin e, incertain con stitution s, there are no mark sby which such peculiarities of habit canbe distinguished

,an d there is no method

of arresting their progress .

IN DEX TO THE P L A NTS,ac.

A e nm on v ,

Ague Weed,Angelica,An t ispasmodick PowdersAven s Root,BALM or GI L EAD ,Balsam of Fir,Barberry

,

BayberryBitt er Sweet

,

Black Alder,

Black Cherry,

Black Maple,Blood Root

,

Blue Vervain ,Burdock

,

2 92 INDEX To THE PLANTS .

CALAMUS,Cancer S alve,Castor O il,Catn ip,Cen taury,Chamomile,Charcoal,Clove Root,Colick Root,Columbo,Compoun d Ague Pills,Crow Foot,Cucumber Tree,Cumfrey,DANDELION,Defin ition of Terms,Dog W ood,Dwarf Elder,ELECAMPANE,Emet ick Nos . 1 an d 2 ,

Expectoran t Powders,F EATHERFEW,GARDEN PARSN IP,Garlick,


f¢9 éh INDEX ‘

To THE PLANTS .

May Apple Root,Meadow Cabbage,Mother Wort,Moun tain ~Min t,Mullen

,

Mustard,

01 1 . or FISH W ORMS,O in tmen t No . 1 ,

No . 2 ,

No . 3 ,

No . 44,

On ion s,

PEACH TREE,Pearlash

,

Pennyroyal,

Pills Nos . 1 and

Pips iss iway,

Pitch Pin e,Pleurisy Root,QUASSIA,Rattle Weed

,

Red Cedar,Red Raspberry

,

Rue,

,INDEx To THE PLANTS . 9 5

Rules for collecting Plan t s,

Rush,

SAFr RoN

Sage,

Salve for Felon,

‘

Sallv es N os . 1 and 2 ,

Sarsaparilla,

Sass afras,

Savin,

Scoke,

Shaking Asp,

S lippery Elm,

Smart W eed,

S n ake HeadS orrel

,

Span ish Needles,S pearmin t

,

Splce Bush ,Spikenard

,

Spotted Plan tain,

S tinking Chamomile,

Strengthening Bitters,

Strengthen ing Plaster,

Sumach,

0

0

0

INDEX ‘

To THE PLANTS .

May Apple Root,Meadow Cabbage,Mother Wort,Moun tainM in t,Mullen

,

Mustard,

O I L or FISH W ORMS,O in tmen t No . 1 ,

No . 2 ,

No . 3 ,

On ion s,

PEACH TREE,

Pearlash,

Pennyroyal,

Pills Nos . 1 and

Pipsissiway,

Pitch Pin e,Pleurisy Root,QUASSIA,Rattle WeedRed Cedar

,

Red Raspberry,

Rue,


296 1NDEx To THE PLANTS.

Summer Savory,Swamp Alleber,Swamp Sassafras,Swamp Sn ake Root,Sweet Birch

,

Sweet Fern,Syrup Nos . 1 and 2 ,

TAG ALDER,

Tan sey,Tamarack

,

Thyme,Tincture for Rheumatism,

for Sore Breast,of Hemlock,of Lobelia Inflata .

Tooth Powders,

V ERMlPUGE,

Vin e Maple,

WAL L INK,

W alnut,White A sh ,W hite Cohush ,W hite Elder

,

White Lily,

INDEX To THE PLANTS . 2 97

White Pin eWhite PoplarWhite Vervain

,

W ild Ginger,

W ild Lettuce,

W ild Min t,

W ild W illow,

W in ter Brake,

W in tergreen,

W itch Hazel,

Wormwood,

YARRow,

Yellow Dock,

Yellow Lily,

A a 5

INDEX TO THE DISEA SES,&0

PAGE .

ACUTE INFLAMMATION THE

L IV ER,Acute Rheumatism,

Apoplexy,

Asthma,

BILES,

Bilious Fever,Bite of a Mad Dog,Bite of a Sn ake,Bleeding at the Nose,Bloody Urin e,Bruis es and Falls,Burn s an d Scalds,CANCER,Catarrh,Chapped Hands,


3 00 INDEx To THE D ISEASES .

Flux,Fretted or chapped Nipples,Frost - bittenGIDD INESS or THE HEAD, OR

VERTIGO,Gout

,

Gout of the Stomach,Gravel an d S ton e,HEAD - ACHE

,

Heartburn,

Hiccough,

Hys terlcs,

IMMODERATE FLOW ING or THE

MENSES,In con tinen ce of Urin e

,

Inflammation of the Braincc cc Eye,

In testin es,

Kidn eys,Inflammatory Fever,Influen za

,

In san ity, or Derangemen t ofMind,In termitting Fevers

,or Agues,

Itch,

INDEx To THE D ISEASES .

JAUNDICE,

L Ax , on LOOSENESS,L ocked Jaw,MEASLES,Miliary Fever,Milk Fever,lVIor tification ,

Mumps,MERVOUS FEVER,

Nettle Rash,Nightmare

,

O ESTRUCTED MENSES,Obstruction of the l er

,

PA L PITAT IoN or THE HEART,Palsy

,

Piles,

Pleurisy,

(Bastard)Puerperal Fever

,

Putrid Fever,Sore Throat,

QUINSY,REMITTENT FEVER,Rickets,

3 02 INDEX To THE DISEASES.

Ruptures,SALT RHEUM,S cald Head,Scarlet Fever,S crofula or K ing’s Evil ,Small Pox,Sore Breast,

Mouth,Spasmodic S titch of the SideSpitting of Blood,S t . An thony’s Fire,S train s,S t . Vi tus’s Dan ce,TEETHING

,

Tetter,Tooth Ache

,

ULCERS,V EGETABL E PO ISON,Ven ereal D isease

,

Vomi t ing of BloodWARTS

,

W hites,

W hite Swellings,W hitlow, or Felon ,


Documents

Experienced Botanist - Forgotten Books