Cadastre and Land registry in NorwayCadastre and Land registry in Norway

International Land Registry Conference The Rosersberg Palace, Stockholm

26.-27. August 2005

Magnar Danielsen

Director

Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre Authority

State enterprise under the Ministry

of the Environment

A national resource center for geodata and property information

Responsible for the Land Book

14 offices nation-wide

Annual turnover will increase to approx 800 mill $ in 2007

600 staff

Founded 1773

Covers Norwegian land, coastal and territorial waters and the economical sone (2.300.000 km2)

Geodetic

Institute

Geodetic

Institute

Internal services Internal services

Dir. General

Knut O. Flåthen

Dir. General

Knut O. Flåthen

Fylkeskart-

kontorene

Fylkeskart-

kontorene Fylkeskart-

kontorene

Fylkeskart-

kontorene Fylkeskart-

kontorene

Fylkeskart-

kontorene

12

district

offices

12

district

offices

Topographic

Institute

Topographic

Institute

Hydrographic

Service

Hydrographic

Service

Cadastre and

Land Registry

Cadastre and

Land Registry

Statens kartverkStatens kartverk

NGIS NGIS

Int. centre for

Property rights

and development

Int. centre for

Property rights

and development

Primar

Stavanger

Primar

Stavanger

Norway digital

Assemble

the entire public geodata-Norway

to one empire

Give a little and get a lot !

Public

users

outside ND

The model of Norway digital

Extranet between partners

Free of charge internet solutions

Municipalities VAR

Commersial

users

Norway digital

Counties

Norway Land

Information Ltd (Government owned

company)

Distributers

Geodata portal- geonorge.no

The Integrated National Property Information System

(INPIS)

as part of Norway Digital

Cadastre Authority

INPIS

Land Register Authority

Plan

information

Land

register Cadastre

Municipalities

Plan and

preservation

approvals

Entries in the PAB and DPM

Entries in the Land book

NMCA as the authority and driving force

Cadastre and Land Registration in NorwayCadastre and Land Registration in Norway

Background information Total area of mainland 324.000 sqkm

4,6 million inhabitants

2,7 million properties, all with geographic co-ordinates

3,7 million buildings, all with geographic co-ordinates

1,3 million addresses, all with geographic co-ordinates

2,2 million households

95 % of properties in private ownership

80 % of families own their house

99 % of farms owned by private, single farmers - 20 hectares on average

Only high mountains in general state ownership

Almost all building constructions financed by mortgaging

Two basic registersTwo basic registers

Two basic property registers

the Land Register, maintained (until 2004) by the local courts reporting to a state database

data about ownership and private land rights

The state guarantee the correctness

the Cadastre, maintained by the municipalities, reporting to the state database

data about parcels, buildings, apartments and addresses

The state does not guarantee the correctness

both registers are in digital form, but

cadastral maps are currently in partly analogue form, digitising will be completed by 2008

A government owned company operates an integrated on-line service to users (Norsk Eiendomsinformasjon Ltd) - 30.000 terminal users

Data producersData producers

Cadastral surveys are undertaken by the municipalities as a monopoly - currently no private licensed surveyors

Documents to the Land Register are prepared by real estate brokers, lawyers, banks or the private persons themselves No notaries

A special land court handles disputes over boundaries and other land rights The judge must be a special surveyor with a 5 years degree

StatisticsStatistics

25.000 new parcels to the Cadastre per year

900.000 new documents to the Land Register per year

140.000 land sales per year (5 % of the stock)

450.000 new mortgage documents registered per year

Cadastral surveys are executed within 1 - 3 months

Registration in the Land Register takes 2-3 days

The Cadastre - 80 % of use in public sector

The Land Register - 90 % of use in private sector

FeesFees

Cadastral surveying; 1000 - 3000 USD per parcel (1000 sqm), set by municipalities

Registration of a transfer deed in the land register: 230 USD + 2,5 % of the land value

Registration of a mortgage: 290 USD The land register fees cover 10 times the costs of operating

the land register

Financing the Cadastre 65 % from state budget

20 % from municipal fees

15 % from sale of data

Reforming the Land registerReforming the Land register

The Land Register is moved from 87 local courts to one single registration office at the National Mapping and Cadastre Authority HQ from 2004-2007 Making ”clean” courts concentrating on rule of law

Implemented in tandem with reducing the number of courts

Recognising that the administration can ensure legal security in land registration as well as courts

Recognising the benefit of better co-ordination between cadastre and land registration, particularly in development issues

Lowering costs. Staff reduction by 25 % from 200 to 150

Getting uniform services throughout the country

Facilitating electronic documents

Already 90 % of documents coming by post

Implementation of the reformImplementation of the reform

Land registration services and archives transferred to The Mapping and Cadastre Authority HQ court by court over a period of 4 years Parallel to reducing the number of courts

Parallel to implementing a new IT-system at central level

Maintaining uninterrupted services

Changing from fees paid in advance to invoice sent after registration

Scanning of documents to start in 2006?

The Cadastre and Land Register will be kept as separate databases, with an integrated one-stop access for users

Cooperated housing apartmentsCooperated housing apartments

Common arrangement in Norway – 280.000 apartments

You must be a member of the corporate

Individual use rights to a certain apartment

Today a lot of private registers “spread around”

Mortgage in principle only by handling over the mortgage-document to the financial institution

New register under development – being a part of the Land register under The Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre Authority

1-2 years to establish

Located in Ullensvang, at the west coast of Norway

30-40 employees

Electronic documents from day one

Combined with a call-center for the Land registry

Cadastral surveying and mappingCadastral surveying and mapping

Flexible geometric accuracies for surveying boundaries: Cities 5 - 20 cm

Rural areas 1-2 meters

Optionally leased land can referred to one reference point only, without defining the boundaries exactly

Most cadastral surveys are done by GPS.

The Mapping and Cadastre Authority operates a differential real time GPS service on centimetre and decimetre accuracy

Map scales Cities 1:1000

Rural 1: 5000 - 1:10000 (mountains 1:50.000)

New Law on the CadastreNew Law on the Cadastre

Adopted by the Parliament this spring

To provide: Better services to users

Better quality in registers

Meeting demand of the changing land market

By: Adding a digital cadastral map to the national register

Registering public restrictions in the Cadastre

Adding two new types of property objects:

volumes under or above the surface, 3 D properties

land in common ownership

Introducing private licensed surveyors

Weaknesses in the Norwegian systemWeaknesses in the Norwegian system

Too low data quality in the Cadastre

No on-line access to cadastral maps

No data accessible “on-the-fly”, one day delay for external users

No registration of public restrictions on land

No provision for making properties in strata (3-D property)

Long waiting times for surveys in some municipalities

Large variations in prices for surveys (1000-2000 USD)

Limited service from the municipalities to clients; focus on surveying boundaries only

No on-line access to metadata

No central one-stop access to municipal area plans/land use plans

Positive lessons learnedPositive lessons learned

The Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre Authority can ensure uninterrupted and good land registration services

Land market works efficiently without notaries

Successful use of private sector in establishing and operating databases

Successful one-stop access to the Cadastre and Land Register operated outside the basic registers

Flexible geodetic accuracies in surveying boundaries

The new Cadastre from 2007 The new Cadastre from 2007 -- parcel map integrated in the systemparcel map integrated in the system

Structure of the new cadastreStructure of the new cadastre

Basic cadastral

attributes

Adjudication

prosess

information

Cadastral map

Public

imposition

Building Address

Owner

Polluted area

Cultural heritage

protected by law

Cadastral

unit

The new Cadastre The new Cadastre -- Architecture overviewArchitecture overview

Cadastre database

Cadastre application server

Cadastre API

Municipal read

access

Reporting client

Cadastre client Municipal

process system

Ch

an

ge

log

AP

I

Public read

access

Other public registers

The Land Register

The National Population Register

The Central Coordinating

Register for Legal Entities

The Postal code register

The Cultural Heritage Register

The Ground Pollution Register

The Integrated Land

Information System

External Cadastre

clients

Norwegian property Information SystemNorwegian property Information System

Land Register

Cadastre

Property Register (EDR)

Interface

”Data integrator”

WWW-portal (infoLAND)

Other databases

Big differences

WB Doing Business 2004

WB Doing Business 2004