upstream c1 engl 11 16.pdf

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The Image Business--.. v---

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...ead-ina. What impression do you get of the people in the pictures? How

important is their image to them? Who do you think hastowork hardest to maintain their image? Discussin pairs.

b. Towhat extent do these things contribute to a person'simage?Which ones are easiest to change? Discussin groups. hairstyle clothes money intelligence behaviour beauty home personality friends hobbies accent car diet

2 All the following people are connected with the image business.What doestheir work involve?What effect do the imagestheycreate have on us? Discussin pairs.actorarchitectartistbeautician

fashion-designerfilm-directorillustratorimage-consultant

modelphotographersculptorstuntman

3 a. What is meant by the following sayings? Doyou agreewiththem? Why/Why not? Discussin pairs.-( Appearancescan be deceptive. )

( Beautyisonly skin deep. )( Beautyisin the eyeof the beholder. -Thecamerane;r lies.--- - '--

(A picture isworth a thousand words. )

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WListen to someone talking aboutan incident.Whichoneof theabovesayingsdoesthe storyillustrate?

(j) Listen again and find the wordsthe speaker uses to describe:the advert ....................................................................................................

PiersSmythe-Tomkinson his appearance................................ his manner ......................................the brochure ................................................................................................the bank's premises ...........................

d. Do you think you would ever beasgullible asthe speaker? Why/Why not? Discussin pairs.

4 _ Paraphrasethe followingquotations. Which do you agreewith? Discussin pairs.'Beauty isn't worth thinking about; what'simportant isyour mind: ....

GarrisonKeillor (USwriter)

'55% of our influence upon others is basedon our image:

LoriJohnson(British businesswoman)

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Reading- Part21 a. Youwill readanarticleaboutBettyJackson,afashiondesigner.Beforeyou read,discusshe

following questionsin pairs.What fashiondesignersdo you knowof?Whatsortofclothesdotheydesign?

2 Whichof theseadjectivesit your imageof a fashiondesigner?Canyouaddanymore?.artistic' -eccen..!ficl juvenile' attractive:generous ~ ~ ~!d__ 19famorousrebellio;!s:caring~orous J:.!estrained

b. Lookat the title of the article.Whatdoesitmean?Howmight it applyto a fashiondesigner?Nowscanthe text to find out inwhatwaysBettyJacksons 'somethingof anoddity'.

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1..---Somethingof anOddity?FashiondesignerBettyJacksononherlife,herworkand theLondonfashionworld.

Fashion in this country is regarded as something ofa juvenile pursuit, dominated by shock tactics andflights of fancy, clothes by and for the very youngand very bold. Even older British designers inhabita Peter Pan dream world of eternal pink hair..1There is no display of deliberate eccentricity:Jackson is a model of restraint. She wears nothingbut her own designs - 'Why would I wear anybodyelse's?' - and, in winter, nothing but black,sometimes adding touches of white in summer. Sheclaims she does wear colour, because she sometimeswears denim, although I'm not sure that counts..2But as a regime, 'it works for me. And I don't thinkfashion is working unless it's in the context ofsomeone living in it! For her, it is imperative thatdesigns 'work': 'When you see someone wearingyour clothes, and they've picked them out of all thechoice that's out there, and they're wearing them,that's when you've really done it!3 IBetty Jackson was born in Bacup, Lancashire, in 1949.Her mother 'was on committees, ran the home, lookedglamorous'; her father owned a shoe factory. But itwas a mild yen for teenage rebellion, rather than adaughterly desire to follow her father into the ragtrade, that led her to study fashion.

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4Her father, clearly skilled at outmanoeuvring tIk:wayward young Jackson, said that art college W'3..fIne, but insisted on Rochdale, which was just dow::the road.5After graduating in 1971,Jackson moved to London.working as a fashion illustrator. 9ne day, at a friendhouse, she met the designer Wendy Dagworthy (no-'professor of fashion at the Royal College of Art) an..became a design assistant. A few years later shemoved on to the fashion collective Quorum, and iJ:1981, Betty Jackson Ltd was born..6If Jackson seems a great deal more down to er'"than most designers, there is one event in her -that see1;Ilsto have shaped this. Aged 21, during alast year as a student, she had a horrillc car crash. -a result of her injuries she had one leg amputata.She spent a year at her parents' home, confInedbed, passing a great deal of time drawing, wh......influenced her decision to begin her ~areer as -illustrator rather than a designer. The accident a ,-influenced her attitude to the fashion world. ~you have a physical disability,fashion is hardly ;;..obvious career because everyone is so gorgeous ;;;::glantQrous. It would be lovely if everyone was ;fand slender and perfect; she says - but she knc-that they're not.

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Jacksonhas, by any measure,reallydone it. Her )business has survivedmore than 20 years in an Iindustry where few see their 30th birthday before

Ibankruptcy. What's more, Jackson has enjoyed arenewed cult following over the past few years,

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attractinga newgeneration of celebrityclients, such as 3ex-AllSaint Melanie Blatt,who have brought a newlbuzz around the Betty Jackson label.Ihe early years were 'the most incredibly exciting time.

Everyone loved British fashion. We were turning awayorders because we couldn't cope.' After the high came arecession which saw many ofJackson's contemporariesgo under. That Jackson survivedhas earned herenormous respect. To stay at the top of British fashionfor any length of time is a huge challenge.

- So it is no surprise that Britain's obsession with tackycelebrity is not to her taste. 'Fashion reporting hasbecome so tri te. Fashion has always been involved incelebrity culture; we've always dressed film stars andmusicians, but now it seems to have taken over. Andthe quality of celebrity seems to have gone downhill.

Which makes Betty Jackson, who is a British fashiondesigner but also most definitely a grown-up,something of an oddity. She designs a range for Marks& Spencer, the ultimate grown-up store. Her hair isnot fuchsia but snowy white.

~ '1didn't reallyknow what I wanted to do. AllI knewwas that I didn't want to go to university,which waswhat Iwas supposed to do. Iwas vaguelygood at art,and there was a sit-in at HomseyCollegeofArtat thetime, and I rather fancied the sound of that, so Iannounced Iwanted to go to art college.'

'; It's not that she doesn't likecolour - thereisplentyofit in her collections- 'it's something to do withwanting to be anonymous. Bywhich I don't mean tosuggest I don't like to be in control. I realise I musthave an ego the size of a house to do what I do, solet's not pretend otherwise.'

.,..... None the less, Jack.son loved art college from the start.'As soon as I got there I realised I'd fortuitously cometo the right place. There were all these exciting,interesting people, and the textiles department had afantastic library of old Chinese and Mongolian textiles.That's where I started to enjoy messing about with

Icloth.' After a year's foundation course, she went on tostudy fashion and textiles at Birmingham. )- --- - - - ---.............

2 Read the article more carefully. Six paragraphs havebeen removed. Choose from the paragraphs A-Gthe one which fits each gap (1-6). There is oneextra paragraph you do not need to use.

Highlightthe parts of the text that helped youdecide where the missing paragraphs fit, andcompare with a partner.

Vocabulary Practice4 a. Match the highlighted words inthe article withthe definitions below.

rebellious cliched bychance vital regulatedsystem obtainingan advantage overtheopposite desireb. Explainthe words in bold.

Text Analysis5 Explainthe meaning of the followingphrases fromthe article.

1 flightsof fancy(para 1)2 inhabit a Peter Pandreamworld(para 1)3 confinedto bed (after gap 6)4 cult following (para A)5 go under (para B)6 an ego the size of a house (para F)

Discussion6 Which of these elements do you consider mostimportant when choosing clothes? Why?Discussinpairs.

comfort durabii~y fabric~fashion- I !abel pricepracticality s!}'le other

7 Imagine you work as a journalist for a fashionmagazine. You have been asked to interview BettyJackson. In pairs, use the information frorv.the textto act out the interview.

8 _ Workingroups.Imagineyouare fashiondesigners. Decideon your winter collection formen, women and children. Drawpictures, thenpresent yourcollectionto the class.

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Language Focus ~~i~:~~'-~ . . ~ ~

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Clothes Beauty Tools !1 a. Matchthe clothingto the photographs,then chooseanytwo 2 Which of the following are most/:,peopleand describethem to yourpartner. -. used bywomen (W),which bymer(M)and which are unisex (U)?Whatheir use? Tellyour partner.

I .- 1shavingoam.....;2hairtrimmer..I' 3nailscissors....;4 comb....;5stylingmousse....;6nailfile.....;7 blusher....;8moisturiser....;9 polishemover....;10eyeiner.....;11lipgloss....;12tweezers....;a.stripytank-top,blackjeans Qdd-one-outb.charcoalsuit,whiteshirt 3 In pairs, find the odd-one-out in ea::::c. bomberjacket, white shirt group, then brieflyexplain why itd. white blouse,blackscarf doesn't belong in the group.e. darksuit, stripy tie

f. denim dungarees,cowboy hat 1 sideburns moustache tattoo - bea,,:g.stripyredand Tattoos theodd-one-outecausello.white top, dungarees arekindsoffacialhair.

h. leatherjacket,jeans, leatherbelt 2 dinnerjacket- denimshirt - bowLP-ballgown

3 after-shaveotion- nailpolisheyeshadow- lipstick4 hairdresser director- beauticiarmake-upartist

5 waistcoat sandals stilettos welling:o6 collar- cuff- sleeve shoelace7 eyeliner-lip gloss- razor- foundatiO'"8 stockings sweater- woollyjumper-blouse

This person is wearing ... 9 necklace earring' bracelet kilt10 cotton- hanger- wool- silkb. Which of the outfits in the pictures would you wear fora job interview? .a first date? . a wedding? a walk inthe park? Body language doingchoresroundhehouse? goingoschooVcoliege?c. Whichof the adjectives are positive (P),which are negative (N) 4 a. MatchitemsfromAandBtoform phrases which describeand which can be either, depending on the context (E)?Decide

variouskindsof bodylanguageinpairs.I .outgoing charismatic indecisive irresponsible .sociable dependable untrustworthy ill-disciplined . lick your breathknowledgeable confident introverted distant hold your nosesophisticated approachable unpredictable impish drum yourneadintellectual unassuming respectable coarse shrug your fingersassertive unpretentious aggressive stuffy wrinkle your lips

purse your haird. Use the adjectives in Ex. 1c to talk about the people in the clench your headraise your lipsphotographs (1-8). shake your fists

A: Theyoungmanin thedarksuitlooksquiteunassuming. twist your shouldersB: Iagree.Healsocomesacrossasindecisive. I nod youreyebrows194


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--~._---

:: in the following sentenceswith some of the~rases from Ex.4a in their correct form. Use:'' ''E remaining phrases in sentences of your own.:~e and scratchedher head-~oughtfully before she answered the interviewer's:..;estion.e suspect nervously and fidgeted in

~ 15chair while he waited for his sol icitor to arrive.-"e director in surprisewhen the"1eXperienteo octCTS\.\99~S\~1!, \;\~?\o'J t l\~ l~od (ole..r,e football fan angrilyasthe opposing~eam scored the winning goal.

_ .;s mum was talking on the phone, she simply...............in assent when I asked if I could borrow

,hecar.

:. In pairs, usethe phrases in Ex.4a to discusshowpeople convey the feelings listed in the box in anon-verbal way, as in the example.

bored angry nervous anxious disgusted indecisive shocked-. Howcanyou tellif somebodyou'retalkingtois bored?:' Well, canusuallyelltheyareboredf theydrumtheir

fingersor twisttheirhair.

*''" Collocations..- a. Match A to Bto makecollocations then usethem to write sentences.- ,..

changingdresseveningsleevelesscosmeticskintailoredwell-defined

surgerytopcarecodewearroomfeaturessuit

She looked quite aristocrat ic because of her handsomefacewith its .

2 Why don't you try the sweater on? The .........................isat the backof the boutique.

3 She thought her nose was far too big, so she hadto reduceits size.

4 Beauticiansgreehat isveryimportant and recommend that you use a moisturiser atleast twice a day.

5 For items like gowns and dinner jackets, you need to goto onthe sixthfloor.6 Although it was late November, it was still warm enoughto goout inshortsanda .7 Thenew meanshat allmaleemployees have to wear a t ie.

S Crispandcool,the wastoo hardfor Sarah to resist , even at 600.

b. Complete the cartoon caption below with anitem from Ex.Sa.

~_Films6 a. Which of the following kinds of films haveyouseen?Whichdoyou like/dislike?Tellyour

partner. roadmovie costumedrama slapstickcomedy spoof epic romanticcomedy psychologicalhriller murdermystery film noir actionadventure western adaptation

)Useful language: likes and Dislikes I don't mind... but' much prefer ... Idon't usual ly go for ... . Instead, I'd rather watch ... Ican't stand ... .1 f ind them really predictable/corny/uninteresting!tedious/depressing.

I just love agood .... I-> Some... are alright, but generally I prefer ... . I find them muchmore moving!entertaining!enjoyable/powerfuVcharminglinsightfuVamusinglthought-provoking.

/ don'tmindromanticcomedies,ut/ muchprefermurdermysteries./indthemmuchmoreenjoyable.

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Language Focus. b. Consulting a dictionary if necessary,saywhat

the following people do. screenwriter director . lighting technician editor costumedesigner . f ilm critic specialeffectsengineer make-up artist soundengineer . stuntman . double

Thescreenwritersthepersonwhowritesthescriptfora film.

c. Complete asmuch of the followingquestionnaire aspossible about your favouritefilm, then tell the classabout it.

Title ..............................................................................Kind of film .............................................................Director .....................................................................Year :.........................................Starring ......................................................................Reasonsfor choice ...................................................................................................................................

My favouritefilm isTitanic,a 1997romancestarringKateWinsletand LeonardoOi Caprio.It is directedbyJamesCameron.I likethisfilmbecause..:) Words often Confused

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7 Underlinethe correctword in eachsentence.Beinghealthycanhavevery(confident/positive/gainful/progressive)effectsonthewayyoulook.

2 Buyingcomputersmeantthat the dozensof employeeswhoseobhadbeento filedocumentswere(truly/validly/correctly/effectively)maderedundant

3 Hewaitedinthecarwith theengine(turnedout/turnedaway/turnedover/turnedoff).

4 Visitingthe castlegivesyoua real(sens.e/significance/meaning/comprehension)f thecity'spastS Exerciseasmanybeneficialeffectsonyourhealth.but itisalsoenjoyablen its (particular/proper/own/individual)

right6 Wedecidedo (fit/apply/set/position)newwindowsallaroundthehouse.7 A strongdownwardcurrentcausedheballoonto start

(dropping/missing/declining/losing)eightrapidly.8 Dataconcerninghe factory'semissionof pollutantsis

not readily(known/available/suitable/convenient).9 Justfollowtherules.submitallworkontimeandyou'lihave

no problems.t's just (common/general/clear/practical)sense.eally.

10 Whenyou'replanningyourexercise.eepin mindyour(balance/grade/level/stage)f fitnessandsetgoalsthatarerealistic.

:) Idioms -8 Fillinthe gapswith itemsfromthe list,thenexplain the idioms in your own words. Are there

similar idioms in your language? appearances face eye ears lips teeth tongue ear

The insurancendustryis smackingits ,,-the prospectof moreand more peoplewanting :=insureheirpossessions.

2 Despitethe fact that he was in veryseriousmoretrouble. he was stil l concernedwith keeping l,;p

~

.3 Hewantedosaysomething.uthebithis.................

anddecidedonogetinvolvedntheargument4 SteveandI donotalwaysseeeyeto but '=doourbestogetalong.

S Her colleagueshought that she had the manager'ssotheywouldoftengoto herwithreques::

or complaints.6 Twoessaysanda presentationdue nextweekshou:

giveyouplentyto sinkyour into.7 Shepretendso bepoor,but the truth isshe'sg="

moneycomingout of her .8 Whenthe boysawhismotherservinghevegetables.~

pulleda(n) indisgust

:) Fixed Phra~es (phrases with down)9 a. Matchthe fixedphraseswith theirmeanings..'[[] down-and-outm down in the mouth bm upsand downsm down the drainm down-to-earth~ hand-me-downsIZD down paymentIKJ down-at-heel

.E"poorsensiblec shabbyd wastede depressedf good and bad times9 usedclothesh deposit

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b. Usefixedphrasesfromaboveto fill in the ga~in thesentences. ~Don't worry about him; he's just a bit ...........

about hisforthcoming fortieth birthday.2 For a film idol. I find him incredibly ..............

andmodest about hissuccess.3 _Sincehis redundancylast year he's been looking rat~

.4 Don'twasteyour time buyinganyof thoseanti-agir;

creams.t'ssimplymoney .


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.' PhrasalVerbs ~Appendix1.- 'Jlatchtheverbswith the particlesto form phrasal"erbsandusethem, in the correcttense,tocompletethe sentencesbelow.

~Eversincethe priceof cinematickets.........................

(increase)'vestoppedgoingto seefilms.2 He's got a problemwith his self-imageright nowbecausehis~usinessecently (fail).3 I heardthat that politicianhasan image-consultant

(select)allhisclothesfor him.4 It is well known that those who .............................(bully)peoplesmallerhanthemselves

arelackingnself-confidence.5 Really,Martha!Youspenda fortuneongettingyourhair

doneeverymonthandit justcannot............................ ... (continue).

Why don't you come down to my office and we'll(examine)the reasons

whyyouthinkyou'rea failure.Onyourway homecanyoustop at the cleaner'sand(collect)mydinnerjacket?

Shethinksshe'sgainedweightandasa resultshebarely(nibble)her food.

~ Communication:ExpressingSurprise11 a. Fillinthe gaps with the words 9iven to formphrases used to express surprise.

shock serious come quite abackI'm rathertaken byallof this.

2 Thisissomethingof a .3 off it!4 Thisis ....................................

astonishing.5 Areyou ?

. .

---- --under--at GO --- PIa ..---up(2)over --'------"

6

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Listening & Speaking,

(Listening-Part 21 a. Youwill hear an image-consultant givingadviceto students looking for jobs. Beforeyou listen,discuss these questions in pairs.

(Listening -Part42 a. Youwill hear some people talking about speaaeffects in films.Beforeyou listen, discuss the

following in pairs. Thespeakerwill referto 'a grungystudentimage'and

a 'stylishready-for-the-world-of-workook'?What isthedifference? Howmight yourimageaffectyourchancesat a jobinterview? Howcanyoumakea goodimpressionwhengoingforaninterview?

Haveyou seenany films in which specialef,.-playedanimportantrole?Whatsort of specialef~-werethey?Howsuccessfulerethey?

Thefollowingwordsareusedby the speakers..do they mean?How might they be connectedspecialeffectsin films? hideous cumbersome reluctantauthentic . implausible

..c..

b. Lookat the notes below and suggest what kindof information might be needed to fillthe gaps. W Now listen to the recordingand do thefollowing tasks.o Now listen to the recording. Forquestions 1-8,complete the sentences.

Importance of imageTask1For questions 1-5, choose from the listA-Hthe per5lrwho isspeaking.

~Thefirst[D Iof aninterviewarevitalforcreating favourablempression.Menshouldweara darkgreysuitanda~ Ishirt.

A a specialeffectsartistB afilmdirector( anactorina horrorfilmD a costumedesignerE a stuntman/womanF a make-upartistG a comedyactorH a cameraman/woman

mmmmIT] ~

.Womenshouldweara suit that complementsheir~ I.~ Ishoescancreatea badimpression.

. ... .....................WomeF1 shouldmakesurethat their make-upsnot~ I.

Task2For questions 6-10, choose from the list A-Htt>:difficultiesthe speakers have to cope with.

Menshouldexerciseautionwith @]It isimportantto maintain~the interviewer.

I. 11 with

It isa goodideato practiseyour~ Iinadvance... . ..........

d. What do you think of the advice given? Discussinpairs.c. Wouldyouliketo do any of these jobs?Why~not? Tellthe class.

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A fear @I]B vanity

IT]costD inconsistency @DE timeF boredom IT]textureH discomfort .


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".. .......

Speaking- Part3:Discuss,Evaluate&Select:: TheVisual Image (~~dents A & B-~3 Work in pairs. look at these pictures of people at work. Talkto each

other about the importance of the visualimage inthese jobs. Thendecidewhich job you think isthe most difficult to do well.--"

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"Whats the importance of the visualimage in these jobs?Which job do you think is the mostdifficult to do well?"-t.~"

] Useful language: Evaluating It isd ifficult to judge ... everyonehashislher own style. What one personseesasart, another seesas... I f i t doesn't lookgood ... peoplewon't like it/ try i t . .. It must appeal to the eye. .. Different peoplehavedifferent priorities ...

I Useful language: Selecting It is hard to say... they all have their challenges ... Some people have a natural talent ... There has to be a personal connection ... I have to admit ... is the most challenging. lney a\\nave 't'oe\{ dW,ku\\\es ... \\o'Ne"e~. ~ EverydayEnglishResponding tocompliments

6 Inpairs,decidewhat the otherspeaker has said and use theexpressions below in response.a You'retoo kind.b Doyou reallythink so?c That'sn iceof you to say.d Gladyouiike it.e It is, isn't it?A: Youlook fabulous in that suit.B: You'retoo kind.


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Reading Part11 You are going to readthree short extracts whichare all linked to one theme.

a. Quickly read through the tit les of the extractsand look at the accompanying photographs andsaywhat theme links the three texts. supernatural beings faked photographs photography as art

b. The following phrasesappear in the threeextracts. Try to guess in which extract each.phrase will appear. Then read the extractsquickly to check your answers. a virtual world ethereal face winged fairies ghostly spectres

2 Readthe extracts again. For questions 1-6, choosethe answer (A, B,Cor D) which you think fits bestaccording to the text.

AWilliam Mumler was a 19thcenturyBostonengraverwhodabbled in the then recenttechnologicaladvance called5 photography. In 1861, lessthan forty years after theworld's first photograph,;Mumler noticed a strange,~ethereal face next to his in a

10 self-portrait..he had taken. He~ '.~discoveredthat an accidental ~double exposurecaused the ~ .':jeffect,andhefiguredouthowto duplicate it. Mumler began a new career as a spirit

15 medium. Sitterswere willing to pay exorbitantfees tohavehimtake their picture,which Mumlerwould doctorwith surroundingghostly images.Theadded faceswereofteninterpretedas deceasedlovedonesor celebrities.Mumler's trickery inspired a long line of successors.

20 Photographers used similar techniques through theearly 20th century to great fanfare. However, thingsbegan to crumble whenword got out that manyof theghostly spectres in his photoswere recognisablylivingBostontownsfolk.This ledhimtomovehisoperationsto

25 New York, but he was brought to trial in 1869 andchargedwith fraud.

B TheCottingleyFairiesIn 1917 two innocent-seeming English schoog16-year-oldElsieWright and her 10-year-oldCO-Frances Griffiths, launched a deception -:_somehowmanagedto fool many peopleover -

5 following years, including the creator of She-'::Holmes,SirArthurConanDoyle.While playing in Cottingley Glen, just behil 'c --Wright home,the girls took what they claimed '='-close-up photographs of winged fairies da[,G~

10 amid the foliage. A certain EdwardGardner gC'hearabout the photos and he proceededto see..::a photographerwho had the ability to examine"':-photographsfully. So it was that HaroldSne ...cameto his notice.Gardnerwas informedthat, '\', '"15 Snellingdoesn't knowabout faked photographs s-worth knowing.' Snelling's consideredjudgemer:..his letter to EdwardGardner of 31 July 1920,~a..'These two negatives are entirely genuine, unfa:a:photographs of single exposure, open-air we'"20 show movement in all the fairy figures, and thereno trace whatsoeverof studiowork involvingcarc :paper models, dark backgrounds, painted figu~etc. In my opinion, they are both straight untoucra:pictures.'

According to the writer, William MumlerA set out to createa fake image.B accidentallydiscoveredthe meansof faking images.( copiedawell-knowntechniqueor fakingimages.D photographedhespiritsof thedead. ~

2 Mumler's fraud was discovered whenA the photo phantomsturned out to be realpeople.B the peopleof Bostonrecognisedthe photosasfake.( hisphotographic equipment was damaged.D hemovedto NewYork.

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3 EdwardGardnerwastold thatA HaroldSnellingidn'tknowagreatdealaboutfakedphotos.B HaroldSnellingknewagreatdealaboutfairies.e HaroldSnelling'sudgementwasnotworthhaving.o HaroldSnellingwasanexpertonfakedphotos.

4 Inthe writer'sopinionA thefairiesnthe photographswerefake.B thephotographswerecreatedna studio.e ElsieandFrancesweretoo innocento inventsucha hoax.o thefairiesnthe photographswerereal.

c SeeingsNotAlwaysBelieving-,5regular viewers of the weird and wonderful on TV, we are-jzens of a virtual world in which nothing surprises us, very-;Je shocks us and what we see is not always what we:e,'jeve.The line betweenthe real and the fake hasbecome so- '1 that a little airbrush, a quick run through photoshop or 5~'T1e subtle CGI is enough to blur that line beyondecognition. We easily accept the impossible, and to the::1ent that it is for our entertainment and with our full."',()wledge,the situation is perhaps acceptable. What is_')8cceptableis when the illusion of reality is presentedto an 10_~itting public without its understanding or consent.This is-'en illusionbecomesdeception."e practice of altering photographs to revise history and:erpetuate a lie has been around since the invention of the:a.mera and the developments that have taken place have 15:'11yincreased the possibilities of misuse. The advertisingorld creates impossibly perfect worlds to sell its products,:..It probably the most dangerous abuse is altering the

:..Jblic's perception of the truth in the quest for power or:x>sition.The most advancedtechnology, however,has yet to 20Y"oducea fool-proof methodof determining the authenticityof:'Jerymage. .

5 What doesthe writer implyabout fake images?A It isusuallyeasyo detectthem.B Wedo notcarewhethertheyarerealor not.e It isnotalwayspossibleo identifythem.o Wearebecomingessemotional.

6 Whatdoes thewriter considero beunethicalabout fakingimages?A The lack of research into separating fact from fiction.B The way it is used to deceive people for political ends.e The inability of consumers to buy products seen on TV.o Theattitudeof thepublictowardsbeingmisinformed.

~

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Vocabulary Practice3 a. Match the highlighted wordsand phrasesin the extracts with

their synonyms below.1 recreatenthe sameway2 greenery3 whichiscertainto besuccessful4 experimentedwith5 whodoesn'tknowor realise

something6 real7 to makesomethingcontinuefora

longtimeb. Findat leastthree words in the

extracts which haveto do with'cheating'. Checkwith yourpartner.

Discussion4 Doyou think that every photographof 'ghosts' or 'fairies' is faked? Isit

possiblethat someof them mightbe real? How can they beexplained?

Classcompetition5 _ Where can we seeexamplesof computer-generated

images?What isyour opinion ofthem? How do they affect the waywe seeourselvesand the worldaround us?Discussin pairs.


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Use of English

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I" :Iord formation:ornpletehe tablewith the correctformof the words.

sculpt 3) .......................photograph 5) .......................paint 8) .......................10) colouract 12).......................14) 15).......................

e :;f English- Part3

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art 1) .......................sculptor/4) .......................6) ~........9) .......................

2) .......................sculpted7) .......................

11) /.......................13) 1. ...........performer

: ~r questions1-10,usethewords in boldto formwordsthat fit in the numberedspacesn the text.

~~~m~ P;c.a$$OMatisseandPicassoaretwo of the twentiethcentury'smost0) influentialartists,who gainedmutual1) from eachother'swork.Their work was 2) becausethey believedthat artwasaboutmorethanjust imitatingwhattheeyeseesintheworldat anygivenmoment.Theirart uses forms of 3) that aremoreabstractandpersonal,suchas memory,emotionandexperience.Theyovertumed4) traditionsthat had heldsway inthe West for five hundredyears.Yet neitherMatissenor Picassoeverabandonedsubject matter 5) . No matter howdistortedor 6) their work appearsto be, it neverrepresentsobjectswhichare7) to us.During their long and prolific careers,which encompassedpainting,8) , drawing,printmaking,ceramics,glassandtheatredesign,they drew inspirationfrom artistsof the past and from art ofdifferentcultures.TheMatisse-Picassoxhibitions a truly9) .............................oneandeveryoneof theworkson showis fascinating.Butthe pointofthe exhibitions notsomuchthe individualmasterpiecesas the echoingandmirroringhatshowthetwoartists'10).M witheachother'sart.

INFLUENCEINSPIREINNOVATEPERCEIVE

ARTENTIRECONFUSEFAMILIARSCULPTMOMENTENGAGE

~.

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UseofEnglish- Part2 Us6_ Forquestions 1-15, think of the word which best fits eachgap. Useonly one word in eachgap.- - --- - ---

([)(o11.00&@)~ 1,'pJ) Dolls and plenty of toys were once 0) th~ sole requirement for a hap;:;, childhood. Not any 1) . These days, style matters even in the playgrouf1d~2) means that an_image obsession can strike 3) children are

~ barely out of nappies. Eavesdrop on a conversation at a primary school and it is jus4) likely to revolve around the latest fashions as favourite cartoon characters. Bt.,

5) is the darker side to this preoccupation with appearance that is causing concernamong some experts. Research carried 6) over the past two years has highlighted ;:.dangerous body-image trend in children as young as three and four. 7) dissatisfied are some wit:-how they look that they are prepared to diet and restrict 8) food intake in 9) tachange their appearance. A degree of weight awareness is evident 10) ~. the age of two upwards, aN:11) the time they start school, many children have developed definite insecurities about how the"12) perceived. Significantly, the children who are most concerned 13) weight arealmost consistently those 14) parents are most controlling about 15) is eaten a-home. . -- -- -- --- . -------

.,ders-to-be.,

UseofEnglish- Part 77 For questions 1-12, decide which answer (A, B,C or D)best fits eachgap.

In a competition for 0) ..A... models,four thousandgirls betweentheagesof 16and24were auditionedbya 1) of three judges from top model agencyPremier Model Management. Twenty-two were askedto return for amore 2) vetting process.This involvedcatwalktraining,being3) without make-up anda personalinterview.A further workshopweekfollowed, involvingmake-overs,hair-stylingandmore catwalktraining, afterwhich thegirlswere finally whittled downto five.The finalists will now 4) three months of intensive training. Cameraswill 5) themaround constantly, capturing the daily 6) of castings, shoots and lessons from industryprofessionals. Also in 7) for them are exhausting workouts at the gym, plus appointments withhairdressers, nutritionists, beauticians and specialist skin clinics.

Despite its 8) image, the modelling world is 9) and the finalists will certainly be10) through their paces. But though their lives may be all keep fit and carrot juice, the prizeat the end is glittering - a year'smodelling 11) with Premier Model Management, anoverseas photo shoot for the 12) of Cosmopolitan magazine, and the chance to model on the catwalk atLondon Fashion Week.

0 A aspiring B hopeful C wishful D expectant1 A council B panel C meeting D range2 A solid B exact C rigorous D stable3 A assessed B charged C investigated D noted4 A overcome B outlast C undergo D uphold5 A pursue B take C hunt D follow6 A grind B attempt C duty D labour7 A stock B store C view D supply8 A shining B gorgeous C glamorous D picturesque9 A firm B stiff C tough D sticky10 A put B shown C pushed D thrown11 A promotion B contract C treaty D settlement12 A lid B jacket C cover D sleeve1 ,....- -- ...,

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