upstream c1 engl 11 9.pdf

7/27/2019 upstream c1 engl 11 9.pdf

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:) Communication: Sharing Opinions13 a. Readthe speechbubblesbelowwhich containvariouspeople'sopinionsaboutadvancesbeingmadein technology.In pairs,decide

which of the opinionsyou agreewith. WhylWhynot?Q) ohy should peoplespend all that money buying books when theycan read them online? I'm quite certain that

eventually, traditional books will become obsoleteand libraries as we know them will be a thing... of the past. ..~~----

When you think of all thepollution that i scaused by people driving to

and from work everyday and the amount of stressthat commuting causes them, I'm personally of themind that in a very few years time most people will

'~kfrom h'=-_o Did you knowthat it's now possible togo online and get a personal medical diagnosis?Are you aware that telemedicine allowsa doctor to 'see'a patient anywhere in the country bywayof video links?'- I'm posit ive we're about to witness a drastic changein doctor-patient relationships. .--~

A: I agreewith thefirstopinionbecauseI think that soonpeople will stop buyingtraditional books and willreadbooksonlineinstead.

B: Ohno, I disagree. believethat....----b. Ifyou were talking to these people in person, how would you respondto their opinions? Usethe language inthe box to helpyou.

AgreeingandGivingReasons That'sverytrue.because.. Right.especiallyf .... Positively,ecause.. You'reabsolutelyight.Forexample.when...PartiallyAgreeing I'mnot sureItotallyagree.because.. Iseewhat youmean,butontheotherhand... There'sa lotin whatyou'resaying.However.. I seewhatyou'regettingat.but ... Ina wayyou'reright,but Ithink it alldependson ...AskingSomeoneo Justifytheir Opinion.Whydoyouthinkthat? Whatmakesyousaythat? Doyoureallyhinkso? Areyoucertainaboutthat?

A: That'sverytruebecausenowadaysalmosteveryone asaccessoa computer.B: In a waythey'reright,but...

c. Lookat the speech bubbles again and underline the three ways inwhich the speakers introduced their opinions.

14 Inpairs, using language from Ex.13a and b, discuss how you feel aboutthe following:a) cloninganimalsb) genetically-modifiedoodsc) computer-taught classes 105


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(Listening-Part31 a. Youwillhear a radio discussionabout the prosand cons of opening a new fast food restaurant

in a smalltown called Manley.Inpairs discusswhat points you think might be made for andagainst the new restaurant.

b. Quicklyread through the questions below toget a better idea of what the discussionwill beabout.

([) Now listen to the recording. For questions 1-6,choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) accordingto what you hear.Whydoes Mr Brownlea think the new BurgerWorld isunnecessary?A becausemostpeoplewould prefera properrestaurantB becauseBurgerWorldis not environmentally friendly( because the town has too many fast food outlets

alreadyD because the people of the town do not like fast food

2 What does Mr Brownlea'say about the food at BurgerWorld?A It is unhealthy and fattening.B It iso f high quality.( It is inferior to that of the other fast food outlets.D It isof an acceptable standard.

3 What is Mr Brownlea's objection to fast food chains?A They have a negative effect on regional cuisine.B They represent foreign interests.( Theydo not serve localspecialities.D Theyput other restaurants out of business.

4 Accordingto MrBrownlea, how do fast foodrestaurants affect people?A Theylead to the break-downof familylife.B Theycontributeo the developmentofbadhabits.( The discouragepeoplefromsittingdown.D Theyencourageyoung peopleto consume unhealthy

foods.5 What isMrsMasters' opinion of Mr Brownlea's

concerns?A She partlyagreeswiththem.B Shethinks he isexaggerating.( Shedoesn't understandthem.D Shethinks he isirresponsible.

6 What do the two speakers agree on?A that young people needsomewhereto meetB that the new restaurant will be a focal point for

youngpeople( that young peopleoften engage inhooliganism~ %\~\ ~~~~'\ \I~(J~~ \~~ t\\~Q\~\\~~ '\}\~'\\~ '1(J\\\\"1~~\'>"

(Listening-Part 42 a. Youwill hearfivepeopletalkingabouttechnological devicesthat they use in their we'

Beforeyou listen, go through the list of jobs a-in pairs,try and think of the kinds of devicesthese professionalsmight use in the course0'their work.

@ Now listen to the recording and completetasks below.Task1For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-I-personwho isspeaking.A a pilotB(DEFGH

a nursea flying instructora pol ice off icera secreta rya doctora businessmana research student

Task2For questions6-10,choosefrom the list (;-comment eachspeakermakesabout usingtP.=:in the courseof their work.A I useit asan organisationaltool.B Iteffectively replaces myvision.( I can recreate conditions which exist in a

real life situation.D It allows me to retain contact with friends

and family.E It performs complicated surgical

operations.F Itcanconductadvancedstatistical

calculations.G Icanuse myexpertiseto offerpractical help

at a distance.H It removes the need for administrative star

c. Isthere a device which you use dail} -:work/study?What is it?Whatdoes:~ .:.what difference does it make to YOlo"your partner.

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~ - Dart2:Compare&Assessir.obs3ices

--:-nology-. -e 'oJlowingtasks._'- at the threephotographsbelow.Compare":Ofthem,andsayhow thesetechnologies


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Reading- Part41 a. Youwill readanarticleaboutAmericanastronautsof the 1960s.Beforeyou read,

lookat the followingwords,saidbyastronautNeilArmstrongthe momenthe

.~et foot on the Moon.'That's onesma11tepfor man ... onegiant leapfor mankind:What isthe messageArmstrongwantedto send?Discussn groups.III b. Dothe quiz,then quicklyreadthe articleto checkyouranswers.Howmanymenhavewalkedonthe Moon?One D Two D TwelveD

2 HasNASA evertried to send astronautsto theWOO~~t.b,QIJ.t.."1J.c.~


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-s extraordinarily detailed and evocative book-:c;. () miSSions, M"anan The 1Vf00n."For 48:- each orbit, from Loss of Signal to Acquisition: .-newa lonelinessunprecedentedin human20~ akme in the Columbia spacecraft for 22- :' 'ent, he did not even get to hear the most~ed inthe 20th century. As NeilArmstrong

-e .mar surface - 'That's one small step for 25-a;: Shakespearian pause, '... one giant leap

- -e Columbiahad just slipped behindthe far::'"a.ndhe had lost the moon-earth-moon link-: """lSSionontrol for his benefit. Bythe time

_ -""1strong and Aldrin were planting the 30_- :.-:eSea ofTranquillity, but a technical fault

h;le an estimated 600 million people on~ed and listened, transfixed, the man.; -OOlentous events could only imagine 35.:.. '" s book brought home to me the full= "'S-ofthe Apolloadventures. Ifdisaster had

-' say, if the Eagle, the landing craft, had_-~ 15take-off from the moon, or if it had later- -02Columbia craft- Collinswould have had 40:=;:;e .eave his partners behind and journeyto !:y the rest of his fife,he would have had=.::::."'eavyburden: the loss ofhisfriends and~ and the death of the greatest of all-:. ~ would have been a disaster with 45.: -::zetyimagine.-=- :.0meet Collins, who declined to be:"SOnalreasons - he had just lost his,: ; whonowfiercelyprotects his privacy= a 'emote home inruralOhio,but he did 50.:. -::;; 'e otherApollo11astronaut,Aldrin,.,. --e" who had been in outer space. He=r what space meant to them and,~~.e interestinganswers..;: .'ashingtonDC in 1959 to listen to 55...; nto space ina capsule on top of a_ Schirra,whose career spanned both_ : ~ lSSions.Iwasnot.interested,and I=-e 'v'1en itI/'{asadded that they would

= ::"mpanzees first. Later, I realised 60:: .: wanted to go higher, faster and.,. z left earth three times and found

=' ease take care of Spaceship Earth.'

- . ~ , S',s:-:the following phrases from the passage. Inyour~s, explaintheirmeaning.~ ,vnat must haveseemedlikean eternity... (I.9)carryan impossiblyheavyburden ... (I.43)"': .\~I\ \1) I)\ )~,\ \\ )'~' :. 'O\)I)\ )\ 91)\1\9 \1\ \1) 'S?'o '-~ ... \ \\ . SS-S'6)rneet-and-greettineraries..(II.68-69)'ivedntheshadowof thatmomenteversince.II.102-103)

To Pyke'ssurprise,he foundthatmanyof theAmericansf78ce f7((1r7eerS78d, lIke rr(G8g'8r((j'aetO(e (aem, aee(j' 85treatedshabbilybythegovernmenthatwas,simultaneously,holdingthemup as the ultimateexemplarsof theAmericandream.'Armstrongwassentout on extraordinarymeet-and-greetitineraries,doingmaybe15interviewsa dayaswellasspeeches,butnobodyreallylookedafterhim.Hewasbooked 70intocheaphotels,oftenhedidn't havetimeto eatall day.'If Armstrongtook his destiny in hand and retreatedvoluntarilyfrom the glare of celebrity,BuzzAldrin had analtogethermore difficult time: he struggled with manicdepressionbeforefindinganewroleasaone-manhinktank, 75designingeverythingromnew launchvehiclesto scenariosfor returningo theMoon.CharlieDuke,thetenthmantowalkontheMoon,wenttheotherwayandsetuphisownchurchinTexas.In airtherehavebeensix successfulmissionsto theMoon(andone unsuccessfulone,Apollo 13),and 12men 80havewalkedon it, twoduringeachmission.RustySchweickart,nownto hiscompatriotsas 'thehippyastronaut'becausehepreferredo listento the-GratefulDeadin space rather than the regulationcountry-and-westernrecordings,broughta collectionof quotationsby John and 85RobertKennedy,heDalaiLama,WaltWhitmanandElizabethBarrettBrowning.Hesecretlyattachedhemtothe insideofhisspacesuit,andtheyweretherewithhimwhenhewalkedoutofApollo9 intospace.Schweickartalso experiencedsomethingthat no other 90astronaut,beforeor since,has:becauseof a technicalhitchthatoccurredustas hesteppedoutsidethecraft,hehadtowaitforfiveminuteswhileit wascorrected.nsteadofworkingat histasksquicklyandintensely,ashe hadbeentrainedto,he suddenlyhad breathingspace,time to try and take in 95wherehewas,whathewasdoing.Heheldon to the railofApollo9 and - for five longminutes- glidedthroughthevastnessand silenceof space.Belowhim he could seeAmericadriftby, andeven,aftera while,makeout southernCalifornia,wherehelived.Itwasa life-changingmoment,and, 100like the rest of them, Schweickarthas, tosomedegree,ivedintheshadowofthatmomenteversince.The last word goes to FrankBorman,whojourneyedintospaceon -.,~' 105Apollo8: 'My experienceon Apollo8helpedme to see how isolatedandfragile our earth reallyis. It was alsobeautiful.It wasthe onlyobjectin theentire universethat was neitherblack ".~. 110.. I _nor white.'

Discussion5 _nwhatwayswaseachastronaut'sexperience positive? In what wayswas it

negative? Discuss in pairs. Support youranswers with examples from the text.\NOt~ \T\'9o.\t'!t.CO\\l:tt o.'!troutn \T\iOtroat\OT\about spaceraveltodayandinthenext30yearsasyoucan,andpreparea presentationto begiveninclass. 109


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110

TheFutureGrammarReference-

1 Lookat the sentences1-11.Whichtalksabout:anoffer?anon-the-spotdecision?anintention?a planforwhicharrangementsavebeenmade?a predictionbasedon evidence?

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, =- word transformations...:c. at the answerswhichonestudentwrote~ correcthermistakes.- "='2f't isresistanto drought.

~ ec:ed: Gr'~saffectedydrought.

- .::oe~eofficerlet himleavehebuilding.:;)--2 policeofficerallowedhimleavehebuilding.\...e conductingthe research,Sheiladiscoveredwo"'-e'estinghings.-.ode.. Ieconductingthe research,Sheilawasmakingwo:?estingdiscoveries.

-Q "'1uchwill the governmentscandalnfluencevoters?=-&ent

"at extentwill the voterstheybe influencedby the~ ~ment scandal?- atthoserainclouds; expectit will rainlater.~. a~those rainclouds; I think it israining later.':; . I actasMr Buckley'seplacementhilehe'saway.

~.'1gbestandingupforMr Buckleywhilehe'saway.

; =..a"'1Sarescheduledto start on 15thMay.~ =..=""Sdueto start on 15th May.

~atch the questions in Ex.4a above to the...; :' mistakes listed below.-: ~dudekeyword inanswer-a~ six words used..:X'"'tencedoesnotmean

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Useof English- Part55 Forquestions 1-8,complete the second sentence sothat it has a similarmeaning to the first sentence,

using the word given. Donot change the wordgiven.Youmust use between three and sixwords.o Idon't likethe ideaof becominganair stewardess.

appealTheideaof becomingnairstewardessoesn'tppealome.Thecourtorderedhimto payfor thedamage.madeHe thedamagebythecourt.

2 I oftenforgetpeople'snames.troubleI people'snames.

3 I'llgetthereandthenI'll phoneyou.soonI'll phoneyou there.

4 Hesaidhewassorrythat hehadbehavedsorudely.apologisedHe sorudely.

5 Thefurthesthehaseverwalkedisto thebusstop!walkedHe thebusstop!

6 Iwill lendyouthemoneyif youpromiseo paymeback.conditionIwill lendyouthe money meback.

7 WeshouldpostponehemeetinguntilnextMonday.putLet's until nextMonday.

8 Thetrainservicesessentialo herasshehasnocar.dependentShe as she has no car. --

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UseofEnglish Part26 Forquestions-15, readhetextbelowandthinkof thewordwhichbestfitseachgap.Useonlyoneword ineachgap.

ExpensiveGiftsThisChristmas,parentsin Britainare expectedto spendnearly1bn 0) oncomputersand

computergames1) theirchildren.With thisyear'ssalesbreakingallrecordsevenbeforethe gift-buyingseason,he EuropeanLeisureSoftwarePublishersssociationpredictssales2) 370minthe UKof gamesaloneinthe finalquarterof theyear,andmanyfamilieswill iTwestmore3) 800in acomputeror theirchildren.Someoftheseparentswill bebuyingasecondcomputerbecausehey4) fedup

with sharing their own: accordingto researchust publishedby Microsoft,one in four5) hada PCcrashedbythe childrenoverloadinghe harddrivewith games.ButmanyotnersWI\\navebeens\m?\-ymo\)\~6) withstandthe onslaughtof pesterpower.'It's educational:a childwill insist.'My teachersaysI'll get bettermarks7) ........................myhomeworks8) onacomputer.'This9) well be a bluff, of course.Onthe other 10) , it couldbetrue. At one

primaryschoolin Wandsworth,south London,a fourth-yearclassof eight and nine-year-oldswas told precisely11) byateacher,12) saidtheuseof computersbypupils13) it easierorherto readtheirprojects.Theclassrepresentativeromptlybookedanappointment14) the Headandputanend15) ~ that.

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:) Gapped sentences UseofEnglish- Part47 Lookat the pairs of sentences below. Complete

each pairof sentences with the same word.The long queueof peoplemovedslowly ...........I'mreallyooking to thesummerholidays.

8 Thinkof one word which can be used appropin all three sentences.

2 I wouldliketo youto myhusband,Peter.Thisdiscussionsveryboring; let's a newtopicof conversation.

STRATEGYPOINTYou do not haveto tacklethe three sentencesquestionn anyparticularorder.Skimthroughall threesentencesandthen beginsentenceyoufeelto beeasiest/themostobviousO'Thenmoveonto theothersentences.3 Duringthewarallable-bodiedoungmenwere...........up.

I himonhismobilebut therewasnoanswer.4 Thescientistsarestudyinghechemical's onthe

environment.Thenewlawwil lcomeinto earlynextyear.o Unfortunately,Kellydidn'tpassherfinalexal""'~

If youpassa chemist'swhileyou'reout,wisomemoreeyedrops?Couldyoupassmethesalt,please?Thechildren riotwhiletheteacher. 2ctheclassroom.Shewasveryhonestandtellinglies :~principles.Fortwo yearsJanetand her husbandsuccessfulusiness.

5 Why is he allowed to go and I am not? That'snot -. . . . . . . . . .. !We'vestillgota amountofwork left to do.

G We'llhaveashort for lunchandwewillcontinueafteroneo'clock.Givethekida ... ! It'shisfirstdayatwork.

2 'He'sa 'ta'\'\ffian -w,'ffi~~I;j .. :~i\\.Itwasso in thewoodthat sheCOl.-Heneverspeaksabouthimself;'m sure ~

secretn hispast.

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:.JOert out of hiswayto be friendlyand welcoming': :he new neighbours."er he saw the damage she had done to the car..5:e's dad through the roof._~:CYlunately.hisearlysuccess and fame ..to his head.'= :JOLighthim a set of clothes after his old clothese:: ruined in the fire.- '" ..,olesituationwasa, mess."'~ :erboughtmethe worksof Shakespeareor: ~"day.: -a:herhas set his on going to. the finals of::"d Cup.

sankwhen Isaw the policeofficerapproaching:C'~s ;:.;dyingto be a doctor but his isn't really in i t.

:: :ormation;: gaps with words formed from the words:cd.

on a victoryoverEnglandn- :u '1d of the European ~up.E:; -~e Enigmacode was a..............................~-E":

'-,ese modern gadgets and labour-saving'::C:, lYecan take lifeat a more ......................

: E :; '1dthe idea of cloning .

- ~:-omic situation soon.: Ia offsomeworkers.

your explanations for the-= ;x)r't seemto understandyou.

.:: :; ot of to get the-=:- : ;"1e.

::C-:'''Jes . we'llfind-~-e of chaos.

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Writing: Contributions to Longer PiecesSomewrit ing tasksaskyou to write an entry or a

contributionto a documentthat is to be published,forexample,aguidebook,a referencebook,apieceof research,or other. Dependingon the exact task, what you writeshouldbe similarto an article (with or without sectionheadings).Itsp)Jrp05es'tosupplyusefulandrelevantnformationabouta certaintopic.Don'tforget!hat yourpieceof writingispartof a largerwnole.Forexample,youmightbeaskedo writea

'-j short biog~aphyof- a famousfigure to be includedin adictionaryof biography,or a descriptionof a placeto beincludedna guidebook.Youwill haveto useacombinationof the followingtypesofwriting:Descriptivewriting e.g.to describeperson,place,situation,event,rocess.Discursivewriting e.g.to giveandsupportyouropinion,toanalysesituation,ogiveexplanationsndexamples.Narrativewriting e.g.onarrateanevent, discoveryYoumayhaveto.includepracticalnformation(suchashowto getto a placeorwhereto findout moreabouta person).It is importantthat what you write shouldlook like anauthentictextandbeasrealisticaspo;sible.

:) Understanding the Rubric(1)1 Readthe rubricbelow,underlinethe keywordsandphrases,anddiscusshequestionsthat follow.

Aguidebooksgoingto bepublishedeaturingplacesovisit for peoplewho are interestedin scienceand

. technology.Youhavebeenaskedto write anentryfor.: the bookrecommendingsuitableplacen theareayou~ livein.Youshouldinclude: A descriptionof theplace Whypeopleshouldgothere Practicalnformations\,Jchstraveldetails,opening

times,etcWriteyourentryfor theguidebookn220-260words.

1 Whatexactlydoyouhaveto write?2 Whichtype(s)of writing(discursive,arrativerdescriptive)

willyouuse?Justify.3 Willyouusesectionheadings?f so,whichheadingsare

appropriate?4 Whoarethetargetreaders?Howformaldoesyourwritingneedto be?5 Whichof thefollowingtitlescouldyouuse?Givereasons.D TheBestPlaceso VisitinCambridgeD What'son inTown?D TheScienceandTechnologyMuseumD HaveFuninCambridge!114

:) Analysing the Model (1)2 Readhe modelandfill in the gapswith theprepositionsgiven.Then,in pairsdiscussthe

questionsthat follow.. of (x4) throughout on in to (x2) from(x2) amongThe Imperial War Museum, Duxford

Of the many attractions Cambridge has to offer.Imperial War Museum, located at Duxford Aerodr"iswellworth a visit.This museum houses, 1) ...........thousands of items, a huge collection 2) ..................aeroplanes from the twentieth century. Air shO'o'"special events are held frequently 3) ....................year.Why go there?The IWMwillbe 4) parricular='to thosekeen5) technology.Visit;,~

are interested6) the historyof rup-be able to trace the technologicaldevelopmenl:>.have led 7) the sophisticated cwhich we have today. Although the emphasi.; ~military aircraft, there ismuchmore to see 8) ......a technological nature, includingmidget submari:l::communications equipment.GettingThereThemuseumis locatedclose9) Camand afreebusserviceruns10) Cam~.city centre. Journey time is 35 minutes. If )'0_planning to take the train to Cambridge, the free be...picks up at the railway station and takes 20 minute


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-~ olacesofscientificor technologicalnterest_~ IOUrecommendnyourtown?Thinkabout~ .:;: :: :owing,thenanswerthe questionsbelow.T~ amuseum anairportobservationalleryersity other...

. :pen to the public?

. :;place that visitors would travel to see? Why?:'_ c it appeal to people interested in science or

2.:.-~ology? Give reasons.

...................................................................................

Ib .f~:. Now,usingyour notes fromabove, fillintherelevant information and write supportingsentences for the four topic sentences below. (nameofp}ace)s a..................

(kindofplace)which/wherevisitors~n...............................................................................(typeofactivities).

.........................................................................................................................................................................

(supportingentences). (nameofplace)willbe of interestto(what kind of people)

because (firstreason).Inaddition,...................................................................

(other reasons). (nameofplace)is located(location). ~...................

(detailsofhow to get there). (nameofplace)isopen .....................

(opening times).Admission is .................................................................

(details about price of admission).Further information can be obtained ............................

(sayhow).:) Sentence Variety5 Toavoidrepetitionin yourwriting, youshouldvarythe structuresyouusein yoursentences.Rewritethe sentencesbelowbeginningwith the phrases

given.Thefirst onehasbeendonefor you.Themuseumis in the centreof Londonand is wellworthvisiting.Located in thecentreofLondon.thismuseumiswellworthvisiting ...

2 The museum offers a choice of tours so there will besomething to suit everybody.Offering a choice ...............................................................................................................................................

3 Themuseumhasover 9000 exhibitsand coversthe mainscientific developmentsoverthe last four hundred years.With over .....................................................................

4 The museum offers visitors the chance to see theexhibits and also to operate working models.Visitorscannot only......................................................

5 The museum is designed with children in mind, butthere are plenty of things for adults to do as well.Althoughthe museum ..................................................

6 If you havea validstudent ID,you do not haveto pay.Admissionisfree for .....................................................

7 Jfyouwant to fjnd out more,caJJhe freeJnformaVonHotlineon2319834629.Furtherinformationcan be obtained by........................

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Writinq: Contributions to Longer Pieces8 Thismuseum,whichwasfoundedn 1890,

hassomethingof interestor everyone.Foundedn 1890,...................................

9 Thecoffeeshopcontainsphotographsfthe various stages in the project'sdevelopmentand is the perfectplacetor~laxandsoakupsomeof theatmosphere.Containingphotographsof ....................

10 Thecentreisopento thepubliceverydayapartfromDecember5thand26th.Withtheexceptionof .............................

~ Analysingthe Model (2)7 Readthe model below and choosethe correct word or phrase -bold. Then, answer the questions that follow.

JOHN VON NEUMANNThe Father of the modern computer

John von Neumann, \\1>was born in Budapest in I!) :was one of Hungary's mefamous mathematicians, 1)....well as/not only being a higt.accomplished physicist a=.logician.2)AIthougb/Evene-child, it was clear that ~. .Neumann was a genius. Ai ,very youngage, he could di\'..:eight-digit numbers in his he_.

and memorise pages from a telephone directory.3) On moving/While living to the USA, he worked alongs :

Einstein as a mathematics professor at the Institute for AdvanC"....Study in Princeton. Von Neumann was deeply involved in a numbersubjects, soon becoming distinguished in the field of quantum phys.He was appointed a strategic adviser on defence policy and Directo:the Atomic Energy Commission. It is clear that, from a pur:..scientific 4) impact/perspective, he was a phenomenon.S)HoweverJln addition, it is the technologicalsignificanceof .

work that helps us best appreciate his contribution to society. 6) It '91'....Thanks to von Neumann who realised that a computer's program CC'..be kept in the memoryinstead ofbeing fed ineverytime the comp\..was switched on. This development became known as 'von Neum..-architecture' or the 'stored-program' concept, and it 7) resulted/ledcomputers thousands of times more powerful than those which exis- .at the time. Nearly all the computers we have in the world today _'based on the work that von Neumann did in the 1940s.

It is worth 8) remembering/to remember that, without the won.this extraordinary Hungarian, there would probably be no hlo-.computers, no mobile phones, and no Internet. For that reason ~-.he deserves great recognition.

1 Whatsectionheadingsifany)couldyougiyethismodel?2 Are we givena clearpictureof his contributionto science!

technology?3 Findexamplesf narrativewriting.Whyhasthisbeenused?4 -Underlinehewordsandphraseswhichhelpdescribe:

a) theperson;b) hisachievements.5 Numberhe followingparagraphsn theorderinwhichtheya~DDDD

HismainachievementHislegacyBriefbiographicaldetailsAchievements

6 If youwerean editorworkingon this book,wouldyou incentry?Why(not)?

.

....,

Understandingthe Rubric(2)6 a. Readhe rubricbelowandsayhowit differsfromtheoneonp.114.

Youhaveeenhefollowingnnouncementinanationalewspaper:.. Wearepresentlyompilinga bookon. greatpeoplenthe fieldsof sciencendtechnology.Wewantto includeasmanycountriesn the worldas possibleandthis iswhereyoucomen.VVtiteandtellus(about): onefamouspersonromyourcountry.hisor herachievements anyotherrelevantnformationthatwouldinterestour readersThebestcontributionswill be includedinthebook.

Write your entry for the book in220-260 words.

b. Write T(for True)or F(for False)next to the statements below.Thepersonyouwriteaboutmuststillbealive.

2 Youshouldsuggestwo or threealternativepeople.3 It shouldbeclearfromyourwritingwhyyouthinkheor sheshouldbeinthe book.4 Thepersonyouchoosemusthavebeeninvolvedn bothscienceandtechnology.5 Youneedto givebriefbiographicaldetails.

6 Hisor herachievementshouldbeimportantin someway.7 Youcouldendbywritingabouttheeffectof hisorherachievementsnlifetoday.8 Youshouldincludea requesthatthe personsincludednthe book.

9 Discursive,escriptiveandnarrative116 writingwill benecessary.


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,..; ofapersonromyourcountryhatyoucouldwriteaboutinanswero therubric- -::. 6.Intheplanbelow,makenotesabouttheinformationyoucouldinclude.

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!t"o~raphical details.................................................................................................................................................. \!ICOLAUSCOPERNICUS

~e -ements I Earlycareer...................................................................................................................................................

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-a- 'Tlainachievement.................................................................................................................................................

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~ -er legacy.................................................................................................................................................

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";:'1g about People"'endescribingpeoplefor this kindof writing task,their appearancesusuallynot-oortant. However,t iscommonto usewordsandphraseswhichreferto their::-Ci.-"actern orderto talk abouttheir achievements.ffich the beginningsandendingsof thesentencesbelow,asin the example.

~ - a'1dpatriotismmeantthat, on-G~ O'1e occasion,s :: :alented man who not only::;'eat contribution to physics-i;TJnconventional approach to

_. :;. and her shyness inthe face of=-r"tion was the result of'; 255:Ie approach to scientificeo::-'1abled him to~ - ::>eenor hisdetermination to- -er logicaland persistent

"- s:J~ painstaking research carried-0=-::Jersonal expense,

her upbringing inthe quiet country town ofSt Luke.but was also behind a number of significantinventions in the field of communications.he finallymade the breakthrough for whichhe isbest remembered today.the waywe listen to musictoday would beradicallydifferent.we now have safe and efficient operatingtheatres.led to her being rejected by severalprestigious universities.he turned down highlylucrativeoffers to goand work inthe USA.pioneer a completely new approach to theproblem.

_ __ e;:;~dle words and phrasesabove to write sentences describingther' evements of the person you wrote about in Ex.8.

,......-

L ~OUI:P~~TEUR.,' .i;?~~".~

L

LLEONARDODAVINCI

I

I l,IJI

I

SAMUELMORSE

L ROBERTFULTON"">w.;~ ".. 117


14/16

:) ErrorCorrection10 Theextractbelowhasten mistakes.Findthemandcorrectthem.What kindof bookis this entryfor?

Recent developmentsIn the last twentyyears, this country has made great

technologicalprogress,culminatingn our enteringthe spaceage earlier that year with the launch of our firsttelecommunicationssatellite. From a health perspective,

5 thereha~~een a majormodernisationprogrammein publichospitals.This had involved the purchase of the latestscanning and diagnostic equipment, as well the refurbishmentof major operating theatres with state-of-the-art surgicalequipment. As long as the infrastructure of the country is

10 concerned, several major projects are on progress, including

:) DiscussionClockInordero help.youbrainstormor ideas,youcanusethediscussionlockbelowto thinkof differentapproaches.

Scientificl'Technological-0/

~Social ~Ideological~Economic11 Fill inthe gaps below with words from thediscussionclock.Somewords may fit in more thanonegap.

The Development ofNuclear PowerRegarding the 1) social/ideologicalperspective, some people

might say that there are serious moral issues to consider withthe development of the atom bomb and, as for the2) aspect, there can be little doubt thatnuclear science is extraordinarily dangerous. Looked at purelyfrom an 3) point of view, however, althoughthe initial costswere high, the financial rewards were enormous.In terms of its 4) significance, the splitting ofthe atom was one of the most important 5) ..............................breakthroughs of the 20th century and few would deny thatcheap, clean nuclear energy is one of the most important6) developments ever made by mankind.

118

the construct of three major motorways,a hydroelectrilpower station and a new internationalairport.All of th~publicworksarebeencarriedout usingthe latesttechnolo~Thefuture

With the increasinguse of computer technology,th..future of our country it looks very bright indeed. :anticipated that, in the very near future, all governme!!offices will be computerised and networked to centr...mainframecomputersin the capital.In terms of econom.development, it seems probably that ...

Discuss ,1jfi]g12 Look at the writing tasks below and, for eaci' :: -answer the questions that follow.

A Aninternationalpublishersplanninga bookor -of computersworldwide. You have been a:;submit an entry for the book describing,,---computersareusedin yourcountry.Youcouldinclude: Theimportanceofcomputersneducation. Theuseof computersn theworkplace Thepopularityof homecomputersWriteyourcontributionfor the bookin 220-25

B Youhaveseenhefollowingannouncementf' =newspaper.VF Publicationsis planninga book on thisinvolvementn the technologicalageandweyouto contribute.Thisiswhatwewantyou'LC writeaboutonemajorachievementnu-.-::scienceor technology telluswhythisachievementsimportar:. includeyourviewsonwhat islikelyto ha~futureThebestcontributionswill be includednthe

Writeyourcontributionfor the bookin 220-2

1 Whatcouldyouwriteabout?2 Willyouusesectionheadings?3 Howmanyparagraphs/sectionsill youneec-youput in eachone?

4 Which types of writing (discursive/descript"willouuse?

5 Howcouldyoubeginandendyourwriting;13 Portfolio:Usingthe informationyouhave !sthis unit,writeoneof the tasksabove.

..iii!!8

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se

theIttral

or-~

tr~aske-:the

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is cowe;to 'J.the

ppee b:::

elea

Lead-in.ook at the picturesabove.Whichprofession(s)~'Ouldyo.uassociatewith the following?In:oat way?Tellyourpartner.

3 Iwould liketo earn as much as possibleinthe shortestpossibletime, then retire.4 Iwouldlikemyworkto makea differenceto the world.

OTHER ...............................................

3 (1) Listento partof a radioreportabouta surveyconductedin the UK,askingpeoplewhat theiridealjob would be,andmarkthe followingstatementsT(true)or F(false)."ichof the fourjobsshowndo youthinko..lldappealthe mostto ...

, ?;'" .,dventurous person .a caring person. : : : .'rson who likes children an ambitious person. :: '"am player a person who likes to keep fitMost people are attracted to the idea of an exoticjob, likebeing a journalist in New York.

2 Nursing and teaching were professions oftenregarded as dream jobs.

3 Men's replies were very similar to those of women. ......4 People in Ireland had more realist ic dreams

about jobs.

: .sa..ssn pairs.-';; the followingaccordingto how important":"... dlinktheyareforahappyworkinglife=""lostimportant,6 = leastimportant).Then:.~re your rankingwith that of another-~t. b. If a similarsurveywerecarriedout in yourcountry,what kindof 'dreamjobs' doyouthink

peoplewould choose?Discussn groups..::sa'lt working environment"-C::~":ionof achievement_0::emuneration::c':J'1ity for creativity

-:,:: ro.;;others""':~ ...nity for personal development

4 _ Paraphrasehe following quotations.Whichdoyouagreewith?Why?Discussnpairs.::- Ofthe following statementsbestapplies:: ~ Selectone(orwriteyourowninthe~ ~vided), thenuseit to beginta1kingto::ertneraboutyour idealjob.

'Work is an essentialpart of beingalive.Yourworkis your identitY:

KayStepkin(USbaker)

:: '2" clearideaof what Iwant to do..,.~- :;ecded yet, but Iwant to find a job that I love.

'The only place where success comes before work isa dictionary.'

Vidal SassoonBritishhair stylist)

119


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r ~. Reading Part11 You are going to read three short extracts whichare all l inked to the theme of 'night working'.

a. Before you read, look at the titles of the threeextracts. What aspectof 'night working' do youthink eachextract will deal with?

b. The following words and phrasesappear in theextracts. How do you think they will be relatedto the theme? Discusswith a partner, then scanthe three extracts to see if you were right.. jet lag shift lag night shift clock off. on duty round-the-clock staffing. natural circadianrhythm

2 Readthe extracts. For questions 1-6, choose theanswer (A, B,C or D)which you think fits bestaccording to the text.

B FROMDUSKTILLDAWN- THERESCUER

I havebeenon the nightshiftas an ambulancedriverandattendantfor elevenyearsnow.Beinganambulancedriver is somewhatlike being a policeofficer:95% boredom,5% terror.When youwork5 thenightshift,you sleepin a hospitalroomwaitingfor thephoneto ring, thenlistento franticdirectionsand bolt to the ambu)ance,hoping you got theaddressright.Youalmostknowwhena call isa bad

one by the timeof night,day of theweek,and the10 addressof the incident.

A SHIFT LAG

I get intoworkat 11o'clockeverynightand I doc -at 7 in the morning,unlessa lastminutecall mak~ -late.Oneof thebestthingsaboutthejob isthatI'ma -on dutywithoneof theotherguys.Nastyincider: ~-mucheasierostomachwhenyou'rewithsomeone.It t()()~me ~e\(e(Ql'{ear~ to getusedtoworking- :--butnow Iwouldn'tgo backto theday shift.I thinkhavea lot of problemsre-structuringmy life after ::time.

3 The writer prefers it Yt~A he workshissr~colleague.B hefinisheshisshi":~

( his shift does ":-unpleasantncide~~D heisgivencorrec _to the sceneofa" '"

4 Welearnthat thewn'.::A wantedto workc:B finds it diffin. .

structureo his '::( would be reluct.c.-

inthedaytime.D quicklyadjustec

at night.

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