Page 1 of 1 - Bigwobber · communities in Bodo, Ogoniland • John Vidal in Bodo • quardian.co.uk, Wednesday 3 August 2011 11.07 BST • Article history The impact of an oil spill

Van:

Verzonden: donderdag 21 april 2011 10:33

Aan:

Onderwerp: 'Guardian': SPDC donates e-learning centre in Niger Delta

SPDC donates e-learning centre in Niger Delta

THE Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC)-operated Joint Venture has handed over a second E-Learning centre in the Niger Delta as it intensifies efforts to promote science education. According to a statement by the oil company, Bonny National Grammar School in Rivers State has now taken over a fully-furnished centre with modern equipment consisting of 80 computers and one-year internet subscription provided by the SDPC. A similar centre, the statement added, was handed over to Nembe National Grammar school, Bayelsa State in June last year. In an address at the handover ceremony, the Rivers State Commissioner of Education, Dame Alex Nemi, said: "The government is pleased with the level of facilities provided at the centre as they will go a long way to facilitate the teaching and learning of science subjects."

SDPC's General Manager, Sustainable Development and Community Relations, Mr Tony Attah said: "Education is key to the development of any society. This is why we are making every effort to encourage learning and teaching through scholarship awards, sabbaticals and sponsorship of professorial chairs in Nigerian universities." The statement also noted that Bonny National Grammar School and Nembe National Grammar School were pilots for deployment of the Sk000lNigeria project in the Niger Delta, a web-based science programme. "In 2006, SPDC collaborated with the National Education Research and Development Council (NERDC), INTEL Corporation and the Education Trust Fund (ETF) to develop, localize and deploy the interactive educational portal covering the national curricular for teaching and learning of English, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Biology as well as Integrated Science for both Junior and Senior Secondary schools in Nigeria. Sk000lNigeria was officially launched in Abuja in 2008, and available on the website www.sk000lnioeria.com.

"SPDC hopes to embed the programme in the Niger Delta and bring the benefits to classrooms. Training of teachers and students at Bonny and Nembe has been carried out and solar power has also been installed. Chief Owen Manila Pepple, the traditional prime minister of Bonny kingdom, said 'I am happy to see that the young ones are being given the foundation to equip them for a better tomorrow, because a child that is illiterate lacks the capacity to shun evil.' "

SPDC has been supporting education since the 1960s, awarding scholarships to Nigerians to study abroad. At any one time, SPDC scholarships supported more than 17,000 secondary school and university students.

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Van: _ _

Verzonden: vrijdag 24 juni 2011 15:58

Aan:

Onderwerp: kennismakingsgesprek van DGIB met Dhr Benschop, directeur Shell Nederland

Op donderdag 23 juni jl. sprak DGIB met dhr. Benschop, directeur Shell in het kader van een functionele

kennismaking.

Aan het gesprek na het volgende worden ontleend:

2. Nigeria

Kort werd stilgestaan bij de politieke situatie in Nigeria en de verbeteringen die Shell in Nigeria introduceert. De veiligheidssituatie in de Niger Delta is in het afgelopen jaar verbeterd, waardoor nu voortgang kon worden

gemaakt met het opruimen van olievervuiling en het bestrijden van gasaffakkelen.

deputy director Trade Policy & Globalisation

-Directorate-General -for International. Relations

Bezuidenhoutseweg 20

P.O.Box 20101

2500 EC The Hague

29-6-2012

Van:

Verzonden: woensdag 3 augustus 2011 16:33

Aan:

CC:

Onderwerp: Mogelijke steen in de vijver van NCP melding Shell

Page 1 of 2

Shell accepts liability for two oil spills in

Nigeria

Oil giant faces a bill of hundreds of millions of dollars following class action suit brought on behalf of

communities in Bodo, Ogoniland

• John Vidal in Bodo

• quardian.co.uk, Wednesday 3 August 2011 11.07 BST

• Article history

The impact of an oil spill near Ikarama in the Niger delta. Photograph: Amnesty International UK

Shell faces a bill of hundreds of millions of dollars after accepting full liability for two massive oil spills that

devastated a Nigerian community of 69,000 people and may take at least 20 years to clean up.

Experts who studied video footage of the spills at Bodo in Ogoniland say they could together be as large as

the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster in Alaska, when 10m gallons of oil destroyed the remote coastline.

Until now, Shell has claimed that less than 40,000 gallons were spilt in Nigeria.

Papers seen by the Guardian show that following a class action suit in London over the past four months, the

company has accepted responsibility for the 2008 double rupture of the Bodo-Bonny trans-Niger pipeline that

pumps 120,000 barrels of oil a day though the community.

Ogoniland is a small region of the Niger delta which threw out Shell in 1994 for its pollution but then saw eight

of its leaders, including the writer Ken Saro-Wiwa, executed by the government.

The crude oil that gushed unchecked from the two Bodo spills, which occurred within months of each other, in

2008 has clearly devastated the 20 sq km network of creeks and inlets on which Bodo and as many as 30

other smaller settlements depend for food, water and fuel.

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No attempt has been made to clean up the oil, which has collected on the creek sides, washes in and out on the tides and has seeped deep into the water table and farmland.

According to the communities in Bodo, in two years the company has only offered £3,500 together with 50 bags of rice, 50 bags of beans and a few cartons of sugar, tomatoes and groundnut oil. The offers were rejected as "insulting, provocative and beggarly" by the chiefs of Bodo, but later accepted on legal advice.

Shell's acceptance of full liability for the spills follows a class action suit bought on behalf of communities by London law firm Leigh Day and Co, which represented the Ivory Coast community that suffered health damage following the dumping of toxic waste by a ship leased to multinational oil company Trafigura in 2006.

Many other impoverished communities in the delta are now expected to seek damages for oil pollution against Shell in the British courts. On average, there are three oil spills a day by Shell and other companies working in the delta. Shell consistently blames the spills on local youths who, they argue, sabotage their network of pipelines.

"The news that Shell has accepted liability in Britain will be greeted with joy in the delta. The British courts may now be inundated with legitimate complaints," said Patrick Naagbartonm, coordinator for the Centre of Environment and Human Rights in Port Harcourt.

Later this week the company will be heavily implicated by the UN for the environmental disaster in the Niger delta which has seen more than 7,000 oil spills in the low lying swamps and farmland since 1989. Shell first discovered oil in the Niger delta in 1956. According to Amnesty International, more than 13m barrels of oil have been spilt in the delta, twice as much as by BP in last year's Gulf of Mexico spill.

The UN Environment Programme (UNEP) report, funded by Shell, will be presented to president Goodluck Jonathan on Thursday and is expected to be released on Friday in London.

UNEP's report, the first peer-reviewed scientific study of more than 60 spills, is expected to say that oil pollution in Ogoniland is much worse than previously believed, having sunk deep into the water table. Many spills have not been cleared up since 1970 and the effects on the local economy, health and development have been severe. The report will not apportion blame for individual spills.

International oil spill assessment experts who have seen the Bodo spill believe that it could cost the company more than $100m to clean up properly and restore the devastated mangrove forests that used to line the creeks and rivers but which have been killed by the oil.

Proceedings against Royal Dutch Shell and Shell petroleum development company (SPDC) Nigeria began in the high court on 6 April 2011. Last week Shell Nigeria said: "SPDC accepts responsibility under the Oil Pipelines Act for the two oil spills both of which were due to equipment failure. SPDC acknowledges that it is liable to pay compensation - to those who are entitled to receive such compensation."

Clusterleider Internationaal MVO -beleid / International CSR Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation Directorate-General for Foreign Economic Relations Trade Policy & Globalisation Directorate

Bezuidenhoutseweg 20

P.O. Box 20101

2500 EC The Hague The Netherlands

www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/eleni

29-6-2012

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Van:

Verzonden: maandag 4 juli 2011 15:52

Aan:

Onderwerp: N. blad Compass: 'Shell, UKTI (United Kingdom Trade & Investment) host Nigerian and British

firms in 5th business summit'

Shell, UKTI host Nigerian and British firms in 5th business summit

More than 60 Nigerian and British companies explored opportunities for business at a three-day engagement

session in Abuja, jointly organised by Shell Nigeria and United Kingdom Trade & Investment (UKTI). The oil

and gas industry-targeted session brought together 65 companies, 30 of them British, holding detailed

discussions on partnerships in Well Engineering, Drilling, Engineering, Materials and Offshore Logistics

Support.

The networking and discussions at the summit are expected to result in 10 new partnerships in key oil and

gas growth areas including; Drilling and Wells, Engineering, Equipment and Component Manufacture,

Fabrication, Logistics, and Capacity Development. Some 17 Nigerian companies also requested assistance to

identify suitable British or other foreign partners.

"The session takes Nigerian content development a step further," said Executive Secretary of the Nigerian

Content Development and Monitoring Board, Ernest Nwapa, in a speech at the opening session. "We

commend Shell for the initiative". His remarks were echoed b the President of the Petroleum Engineering

Technology Association of Nigeria, Shawley Coker, and Laurie Schmidt, Contracting and Procurement

Manager, Shell Sub-Saharan Africa.

In a presentation on business opportunities in deepwater operations, Austin Uzoka, Head of Nigerian Content

Development in Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Company (SNEPCo), said: "Shell companies in

Nigeria have recorded significant achievements working with Nigerian service providers in land and swamp

operations. We are keen to do the same in offshore activities and encourage Nigerian companies to partner

with British counterparts to develop skills and source financing".

The Abuja business summit is the 5th in the UK/Nigeria Oil & Gas Supply Chain Engagement Programme

since 2009. Another session is planned for Aberdeen in September this year, for which 20 Nigerian

companies have already registered to attend. Malcolm Brinded, Executive Director Upstream International, of

Royal Dutch Shell said: "Shell is committed to continuing to further develop local content in its Nigerian

operations. I wish this programme every success".

Shell companies in Nigeria encourage Nigerian content development by promoting the use of locally

manufactured goods as well as community and Nigerian service companies in production operations, projects

and well engineering. Last year, Shell-run companies in the country awarded contracts worth nearly $947

million to Nigerian companies. This represented more than 96% of the overall number of contracts, and

amounted to over 94% of the total amount spent on these transactions.

Shell International B.V.

The Hague, The Netherlands - Trade Register no. 27155369

Correspondence: PO Box 162, 2501 AN The Hague - NL

Office: Carel van Bylandtlaan 16, 2596 HR The Hague - NL

Internet: http://www.shell.com

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Onderwerp: N. Guardian: 'Nigeria loses 300,000 barrels of oil daily'

`Nigeria loses 300,000 barrels of oil daily'

Department of Petroleum Resources raises concern over depleting reserves

DESPITE efforts of the Federal Government to check some cartels that are involved in oil theft, especially in the

Niger Delta, their activities are costing the nation 300,000 barrels per day (bpd). The government is losing this

amount of the natural resource at a time that the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) has expressed the

need to search for new oil deposits in order to boost depleting reserves. The former Special Adviser to the

President on Petroleum Matters, Dr. Emmanuel Egbogah, told The Guardian that government was aware of the

situation and would ensure that those who were involved in the theft were brought to book.

He stated: "Oil theft in the Niger Delta is a very serious matter. The government has been combating them

with military personnel. The amount of oil they steal is about 300,000 bpd. This is not good at all for the

economy. These people are supported by big cartels of international agencies. They sell this oil cheaply. The

government is doing all it can to put a stop to this huge lose. The government is interested in eliminating them."

In 2009, Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) Limited disclosed that Nigeria lost about $1.5

billion yearly to crude oil theft. "Criminal gangs continue to steal oil from our pipelines at an estimated rate

of 100,000 barrels a day. Theft and illegal refining cause extensive environmental damage. Sabotage and

theft together accounted for more than 80 per cent of the spill volume from SPDC facilities in 2010",

Chairman/Managing Director of SPDC, Mutiu Sunmonu said. WikiLeaks said recently that a United States

diplomatic cable quoting a Nigerian official showed that a member of a government panel on troubles in the nation's

Niger Delta implicated some top political leaders as being the biggest forces behind the theft.

It claimed that the theft also fueled arms sales to the restive region while causing environmental damage and

cutting production in a nation crucial to U.S. oil supplies. DPR Assistant Director, Operations, Emmanuel Bakee,

told The Guardian at the weekend in Lagos that the country should take searching for more oil deposit as a priority.

According to him, Nigeria's crude oil and condensate reserves would consistently be depleted if no effort was made

to discover new opportunities for oil exploration.

The DPR had said that Nigeria's crude oil and condensate reserves had dropped by 1.44 billion barrels. The drop

from 38.60 billion barrels to 37.16 billion barrels represents about 3.73 per cent. The Director, Department of

Petroleum Resources, Mr. Andrew Obaje, told journalists recently in Lagos. Obaje, who was referring to Nigeria's oil

reserves as at January 1, 2010, said: "The decrease was due to companies relenting in exploration activities and

full field studies but rather concentrating on development drilling. that the depletion in the reserves was caused

by the refusal of the oil-producing companies to make fresh investments in exploration

"As at June 2010, the oil reserves depletion rate was 2.81 per cent based on estimated annual production volume

of 894.79 million barrels and the remaining oil reserves indicate a life index of 35.55 years." According to him, no

exploratory well was drilled in the second quarter of the year while only one exploratory well proposal was received

from one company. Obaje, however, said 59 development wells were drilled during the quarter as against 40 wells

drilled in the first quarter of 2010.

He also said that 28 rigs were in operation during the quarter as against 25 during the first quarter of 2010. He

added that a total of 804 square kilometres of 3D seismic acquisition was approved for four exploration and

production companies within the quarter. He said that a total of 2,291 square kilometres of seismic data was

acquired between April and June 2010 as against 382.583 square kilometres acquired in the first quarter. Obaje

stated: "There is a serious focus now that straddled fields be unitised rather than being independently developed so

as to ensure proper reservoir development and resources management.

During the period under review, 28 companies presented their 2010 work programme and budget." He also said

that the Nigerian deep water province had five producing fields namely Abo, Bonga, Erha and Agbami with an

average daily production of about 780,000 barrels per day while others were at different stages of project

development.

shell international B.V.





29-6-2012

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"Such progress is welcome. Yet, serious problems remain. Although the number of violent attacks on our

employees and contractors fell in 2010, they still occur. Gangs kidnapped 26 SPDC employees and

contractors in 2010, and one contractor was killed in a related assault. People remain trapped in poverty in

the delta. Criminal gangs continue to steal oil from pipelines at an estimated rate of 100,000 barrels a day.

Theft and illegal refining cause extensive environmental damage. Sabotage and theft together accounted for

more than 80 percent of the spill volume from SPDC facilities in 2010.

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Van:

Verzonden: woensdag 13 april 2011 15:58

Aan:

Onderwerp: Nigeria - Guardian over local content wetgeving

To accelerate the development of local content in Nigeria, Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria

(SPDC), has urged the Federal Government to release the appropriate guidelines that would guide the full

implementation of the requirements of the Nigeria Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act. The

company said that in 2010, it awarded contracts worth nearly $693 million (about N103,950 billion) to Nigerian

companies, which represented more than 93 per cent of the overall number of contracts and amounted to

over 94 per cent of total amount spent on contracts.

Managing Director of the company, Mutiu Sunmonu, who stated this recently at the commemoration of the

first anniversary of the Local Content Act, in Abuja recently, emphasised that there were challenges with high

targets set in the industry content development act with regards to the limited in-country capacity and fiscal

regime. According to him, Shell companies in Nigeria have actively been supporting local companies and

recognised the need for local content development even before the phrase became a concept.

He said that SPDC indeed played a pioneering role in the development of both local businesses and human

capital, adding that the drive is not only motivated by the need to support the aspirations of the Federal

Government. "The simple fact is that transferring skills and technology to Nigerians is an integral part of what

Shell companies in Nigeria do. By developing a skilled Nigerian workforce, we lower costs over the long term

while contributing to a more prosperous Nigeria, which is good for the country and good for business, " he

said.

The managing director stressed that Bonga-Nigeria's first offshore deep-water project, which is operated by

SNEPCo, helped create the country's first generation of engineers with deep-water experience. Sunmonu

listed some of the contracts awarded to include a $59 million contract for engineering services and pipeline

maintenance to Nigerian company, Baywood Continental Limited. A $28 million contract to B.G Technical

Limited for integrated pipeline pigging and corrosion control and a $26.7 million contract awarded to Sonar

Limited for ocean bottom node seismic acquisition.

He also listed an operational insurance policy contract worth $7.6 million to Sovereign Trust Insurance for

Bonga deep-water production vessel and Dorman Long Engineering contract worth $41 million for brown field

maintenance of Bonga and EA FPSOs. He added that SPDC and SNEPCO collaborated with United Kingdom

Trade and Investment Group to organise a trade mission in London, during which over 20 Niger Delta vendors

met with 150 British companies in an effort to help foster partnerships.

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where a gas line coming from Obigbo to Trans-Amadi is situated. The same situation applies at the Rupkokwu Shell manifold.

The challenges of urbanization, inadequate developments, lack of access roads, refuse dumps and law enforcement all contribute to the problem. "People see the areas as places that they can inhabit. Population pressure makes the availability of such areas a lure. They are also looking for jobs. Fundamentally, it is illegal but the people have no choice", Stark noted.

He added that although it is not everybody that understands the technical business "but it is our business to explain.' The bottom-line is that vandalism is a very dangerous act, which is harmful to the wellbeing of those who engage in it. It also has consequences on others.

Afohron Sekobe of the pipeline division posited that there are several challenges giving rise to pipeline vandalism. He identified them as lack of government presence and severe unemployment, poverty, volatile political environment, organized criminalities, ineffective law enforcement, community involvement and militancy.

As in Kazakhstan and mainland Russia where sabotage also predominates as observed by Stark, in the Niger Delta the activities of the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) has continued to send ripples through the circles of multinational oil companies. The movement started its sabotage activity in 2006 by attacking and destroying SPDC facilities comprising one flow station and two military houseboats at Benisede in Bayelsa state. That attack led to the shut in of 400,000 barrels per day of oil production leading to the skyrocketing of oil prices globally. Till date it MEND has not relented.

Shell, though the worse hit is not only the company on the fire line. Every single person living on the ROW; or any person involved in pipeline vandalism is in danger of getting harmed. Rivers state government is also worried about this ugly trend. It said it has been sensitizing the people of the state on the dangers of encroachment on pipeline ROW and vandalisation. Chairman of the state Committee on Preservation and Protection of Pipelines, Charles George said the body, which was inaugurated March, 2010 has been holding dialogues with various communities prior to its moving into action very soon to stamp out this problems. It is therefore in the interest of those living or doing business on pipeline ROW to vacate such places. Heeding this call will save many lives and property. A stitch in time they saves line.

29-6-2012

Van:

Verzonden: donderdag 31 maart 2011 17:26

Aan:

Onderwerp: Nigeriaans blad 'Punch': Oil industry to celebrate one year of Nigerian Content Act

Oil industry to celebrate one year of Nigerian Content Act

Key stakeholders in the Nigerian oil and gas industry have concluded plans to mark the first year anniversary of the

enactment of the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act, 2010.

The Executive Secretary, Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board, Mr. Ernest Nwapa, announced

this on Saturday, while speaking on a phone-in radio programme monitored in Lagos.

According to him, the commemoration programme, which will be flagged off by the Minister of Petroleum Resources,

Mrs. Diezani Alison-Madueke on April 4, is being organised in collaboration with the Nigerian National Petroleum

Corporation, other government agencies operating in the oil and gas industry, as well as international and indigenous

production and servicing companies.

The event is to be attended by the minister, the Group Managing Director of NNPC,Mr. Austen Oniwon, and other top

officials of oil producing and servicing companies.

Nwapa explained that the flag-off event would feature presentations of case studies and successes recorded in the

implementation of the Act by various stakeholders, especially NNPC and its Joint Venture partners.

Indigenous producers, multinational and local service companies and trainees of NCDMB and the Petroleum Technology

Development Fund will also feature.

As part of the three-week programme, major producing and service companies are to declare a specific week within the

period as their Nigerian Content Week and create awareness on the NOGICD Act at their major operational locations by

putting up banners and notices.

The companies are also expected to organise seminars and discussions to familiarise their staff with the Nigerian

Content Act and will be visited by NCDMB staff.

Speaking further, the executive secretary explained that the objective of the one-year commemoration programme was

to demonstrate to Nigerians that the implementation of the Act was achieving the goals set by the Federal Government.

Nwapa said, "It is also to show the structures that are in place for achieving the objectives of the Act and

demonstrate that the Act is being implemented in collaboration with government agencies, producing and

service companies, and to showcase major strides achieved within one year with linkages to other sectors of

the economy."

He reiterated that the implementation of the Act was geared towards establishing facilities in Nigeria and ensuring that

they were patronised so as to create employment opportunities that would bring Nigerian jobs back home.

On the linkage with the Gas Revolution inaugurated last week by President Goodluck Jonathan, Nwapa assured that

the planned petrochemical and fertiliser plants would be accomplished with very high Nigerian content value and would

create over 50,000 direct jobs in the construction and operation of the plants.

He noted that the capacity building initiatives embarked upon by the NCDMB would create a pool of competent

Nigerian workforce and service companies that would deliver on the gas projects estimated to cost $30bn.

According to him, the emphasis of the Federal Government with the implementation of the Act is not only to

retain the bulk of the annual oil and gas industry spendings in the country, but ultimately to create employment

for millions of Nigerians on the back of oil and gas industry operations.

The executive secretary also explained that getting Nigerians to set up key facilities and own strategic assets like marine

vessels and rigs would also serve to protect the industry by guaranteeing certainty of supply.

The Nigerian Content Act was signed into law by President Goodluck Jonathan on April 22, 2010, thus creating the

NCDMB, the focal agency for implementing the Act.

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Onderwerp: Nigeriaans blad 'Punch': "Politicians, military officers responsible for oil theft -Wikileaks"

Politicians, military officers responsible for oil theft —Wikileaks

Politicians and military leaders - not militants - are responsible for the majority of oil thefts in Nigeria's

crude-rich Niger Delta region, according to a United States diplomatic cable quoting a Federal

Government official and released by the international whistleblower, Wikileaks.

A member of a government panel on troubles in the region implicated Gen. Shehu Musa Yar'Adua (retd.)

whose brother became president as being one of the biggest forces behind the thefts, the cable claimed.

Associated Press reported on Sunday that the thefts were also fuelling arms sales to the restive region, while

causing environmental damage and cutting production.

"It is in the interests of these people to make it appear that the Niger Delta problem is intractable," the January

2009 cable quoted a panel member, Mr. Tony Uranta, as saying. "As a result, they prop up the militants,

including some who have an ideological basis for their actions," he said

Yar'Adua, who served as second-in-command of the country's military government in the late 1970s, died in

prison in 1997 after being arrested for criticising military dictator, Gen. Sani Abacha. His brother, Umaru

Yar'Adua, died in office as Nigerian President in May 2010.

The diplomatic cable quoted Uranta as blaming "no more than 15 per cent" of oil thefts on militants

operating in the delta, a tropical maze of creeks and waterways about the size of South Carolina.

Instead, politicians, retired admirals and generals and others in the country's elite profit from the thefts.

Typically, thieves solder or cut into oil pipelines running through the mangrove swamps of the delta. Some

refine the crude into kerosene or diesel in crude refineries, while other oil sails out to foreign ports for sale.

"Uranta claimed that the late Shehu Musa Yar'Adua had been the 'biggest' bunkerer," the cable reads,

using the local term for oil thieves.

"When he died, his holdings were taken over by his brothers but managed on their behalf by one of his close

personal friend," Uranta alleged.

The large-scale theft, compounded by anger over unceasing poverty and pollution in the Niger Delta despite

50 years of oil production, led to an uprising of militants in the region beginning in 2006.

Military-grade weapons funnelled into the region, turning gunrunners into militant leaders, who espoused

political ideas, but kept their eyes on the profits from stolen oil.

While much of the violence calmed after a 2009 government-sponsored amnesty programme, oil thefts

have continued unabated in the region.

Wikileaks also quoted Uranta as blaming retired military leaders for taking part in both oil theft and

the arms trade. A February 2009 cable quoting Dimieri von Kemedi, a youth leader in the delta, also

blamed soldiers on the ground in the region.

The cable reads, "The military wants to remain in the Niger Delta because they profit enormously from

money charged for escorting illegally bunkered crude and from money extorted in the name of

providing security on the roads.

"The ... foot soldiers are not the only ones who profit; the commissioner of police, the director of the State

Security Service (and) the military all line up at the governor's door asking for 'favours,' Kemedi said."

The cables also suggested that militants received foreign military training and that the Israeli military equipped

and trained some government soldiers.

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Onderwerp: Nigeriaans publicatie 'Champion': Shell spends N5.6trn on Nigerian commitments

Shell spends N5.6trn on Nigerian commitments

Nigeria's biggest oil and gas producer, Shell, says it has pumped over $36.99 billion or N5.549

trillion into interventions in the Nigerian operating environment.

In its briefing notes the company said the payments by its upstream units covered taxes and

royalties, contracts to local contractors and interventions in development of education and rural

communities.

Shell's Nigerian business units include Shell Petroleum Development Company Nigeria Limited

(SPDC), Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Company (SNEPCo) and Shell Nigeria Gas

(SNG).

Whereas SPDC operates a joint venture with Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) in

the conventional offshore, swamp and onshore locations in the Niger Delta, SNEPCo operates

production sharing contracts for NNPC in deep and ultra-deep offshore waters, and SNG operates

internal downstream gas distribution pipeline concessions for Nigerian Gas Company (NGC).

Shell said it initiated, and was a leading sponsor of, the Nigerian Extractive Industry

Transparency Initiative (NEITI), which openly publishes payments made to the government

by the international oil companies and other players in the energy industry as well as the

allocation of money to states by the Federal Government and Shell companies in Nigeria.

According to the company, the joint venture operated by SPDC contributed about $31 billion

in tax and royalties to the government from 2006 to 2010.

The Federal Government receives about 95% of the revenue after costs from the SPDC

operated joint venture, Shell stated in the report. On contribution to host state governments,

Shell said that by June 2010, the four main oil-producing states of Bayelsa, Delta, Rivers and

Akwa lbom, with around 10% of the country's population, received approximately 33% or

about $1 billion of oil revenue that the Federal Government allocates to Nigeria's 36 states.

"Corruption has been one of the barriers to turning oil revenues into benefits for the people of

Nigeria." In compliance with government's Nigerian content policy, Shell said its companies in

Nigeria awarded contracts worth more than $947 million to Nigerian companies in 2010.

"This represented more than 96% of the overall number of contracts and amounted to over 94%

of the total amount we spent on contracts which is slightly higher than the $892 million

awarded in 2009.

According to the Anglo-Dutch super-major, SNEPCo and SPDC awarded contracts to Nigerian

owned Caverton Helicopters Limited to provide helicopters and associated services.

"In total, this five-year contract is worth $694 million, the company said," adding: "We also awarded

a $26.7 million contract to Sonar Limited for ocean bottom node seismic acquisition. An operational

insurance policy contract worth $7.6 million was awarded to Sovereign Trust Insurance for the

Bonga deepwater production vessel, while Dorman Long Engineering, an indigenous Nigerian

company, was awarded a contract worth $41 million for brown field maintenance of the Bonga and

EA FPSOs'

"SPDC awarded a $59 million contract for brownfield engineering services and integrated pipeline

maintenance to another Nigerian company, Baywood Continental Limited and a contract for $28

million to B.G Technical Limited for integrated pipeline pigging and corrosion control."

In addition to generating revenue, Shell said its companies in Nigeria actively promote

projects in the Niger Delta that support small businesses, agriculture, training, education,

health care and capacity building.

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Much of the interventions, the company stated, is done in partnership with the government and the Niger Delta Development Commission. "In 2010, Shell operations contributed $161.13 million (Shell share $59.8 million) to the commission, as required by law. In 2010, SPDC and the joint venture partners contributed directly a further $65.6 million (Shell share $19.7 million) to community development projects, many of which were delivered in partnership with others.

"We work together with government agencies, companies, local and international NGOs, and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Shell also pays a share of its profits into an education fund for the rehabilitation, restoration and consolidation of education in Nigeria. "In 2010 the company paid about $18 million into the fund, bringing the total investment in the past nine years to over $250 million." Shell said it also provided direct and indirect employment for significant number of Nigerians in its operations.

As of December 2010, according to the report, SPDC and SNEPCo employed around 6,000 direct employee and contractors, about 90% of them Nigerian. "Our projects help create tens of thousands more jobs for contractors and supporting industries." Shell stated in the report that its operated ventures in Nigeria produced an average of 960,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day (kboe/d), about 21% of Nigeria's estimated total oil and gas production.

About 758,000 kboe/d of the volume, it clarified, came from the SPDC operated joint venture, while SNEPCo accounted for the balance.

29-6-2012

Van:


Aan:

Shell Inks First Firm Deal in Lengthy Nigerian Sales Process

Copyright © 2011 Energy Intelligence Group, Inc. (click for details)

Monday, April 4, 2011

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UK-based Eland Oil and Gas and local partner Starcrest Nigeria disclosed Friday that their Elcrest

Exploration and Production Nigeria joint venture has inked a sale and purchase agreement (SPA) for

the 45% operating stake it is acquiring in the OML 40 block onshore Nigeria, one of four blocks in

the Niger Delta being sold by Royal Dutch Shell (IOD Mar.24,p5).

Starcrest, a subsidiary of the locally owned Chrome Group, will hold 55% of Elcrest, while privately

held Eland will have 45%. No purchase price has been disclosed, but Elcrest won the block --

thought to hold 156 million barrels of oil and 268 billion cubic feet of gas -- for around $150 million.

The bid was backed by an equity-type financing structure tapping blue-chip institutional investors,

largely from the UK and US, that was put together by London-based financial advisor Matrix Group.

The sale bundles together the 30% interest in the field held by Shell Petroleum Development Co.

with the 10% held by Total E&P Nigeria and 5% by Eni subsidiary Nigeria Agip Oil Co. It now

requires approval from the federal government. The remaining 55% of the block is owned by

Nigerian National Petroleum Corp.

This is understood to be the first firm SPA signed in the long-running sales process for the four

fields. But gas-rich OML 34 -- thought to hold 2 trillion cubic feet of gas and 282 million bbl of oil -

- is known to have been clinched weeks ago by locally owned Niger Delta Exploration and

Production (NDEP), backed by African oil and gas investment group Petrolin. Its bid is reported to

be worth around $300 million-$400 million.

Confusion still reigns over the fate of the two biggest blocks -- OML 30, holding 1 billion bbl of oil

and 2.6 Tcf of gas, and OML 42, holding 1 billion bbl of oil and 5.6 Tcf of gas. Locally owned

Conoil failed to meet a Mar. 25 deadline to present to Shell proof of the financing required to back

its combined $1.3 billion bid for the two blocks, despite having been locked in negotiations with

Standard Chartered over a $700 million bank debt package.

It is unclear whether Shell is allowing Conoil more time to come up with firm financing -- which

would be in line with the indulgent way it has managed the sales process so far -- or if fresh players

are now in pole position.

According to some sources, a group referred to as Nekunde that involves former Shell Nigeria head

Basil Omiyi is closest to clinching OML 42 if Conoil has messed up irredeemably -- but other

groups still chasing the fields include a consortium of Oando, Perenco and Oryx; the

Shoreline/Heritage Oil consortium; Pan Ocean Oil; Forte Oil (the renamed African Petroleum); and

First Hydrocarbon Nigeria.

India's Essar, which had been bidding jointly with the Nigerian EER group, has now apparently

pulled out of the race.

29-6-2012

P113 Page 1 oft

Van:

Verzonden: zaterdag 11 juni 2011 9:39

Aan:

Onderwerp: PIB

Het House of Repr. heeft bespreking van de P1B gestaakt. Dit betekent dat het volgende parlement het zal behandelen

hetgeen mogelijk duidt op serieuze vertraging. De beslissing van het HoR volgde kort na opheffing van het kabinet door

de President om de weg vrij to maken voor een nieuwe regering.






29-6-2012

Van:

Verzonden: donderdag 24 februari 2011 18:38

Aan:

Onderwerp: PIB - bericht in Nigeriaanse blad Punch (ik ken het niet)

PUNCH

Non-passage of PIB delaying fresh investments – Shell

The Regional Executive Vice-President, Sub-Saharan Africa, Shell Exploration and Production Africa Limited,

Mr. Ian Craig, has said that only little progress can be made as regards fresh investments in the

Nigerian oil industry until the Petroleum Industry Bill is passed. Craig, spoke on Tuesday at the Nigeria

Oil and Gas 2011 Conference in Abuja said, "At this conference last year, my predecessor spoke about the

need for the swift passage of the Petroleum Industry Bill that would enable substantial long-term investment in

many of the areas I have just covered.

"Today, I believe that we are closer to that moment but little progress can be made until the bill has been

passed and the industry has clarity that it needs." Craig said that the Nigerian deepwater province had

enormous potential and subject to a favorable investment climate, the international oil companies

could play a major role in helping to unlock that value and secure the critical national revenue

streams for decades to come.

He added that the Nigerian deepwater province had been producing over 600,000 barrels of crude oil per day

and had helped to sustain revenues despite the fall in offshore production. Craig said that the role of

international oil companies in Nigeria was that of an industry leader or an enabler. He said, "In the future, as

in the past, we should have a key role to play in the next phase of the country's development.

Nigeria has enjoyed a leading position in sub-Saharan Africa through onshore oil, liquefied natural gas and

deepwater development. As time goes on and the industry matures, a number of challenges must be

addressed." According to him, more needs to be done to harness the substantial gas resources, which

means much more domestic gas for power generation and for industry, more LNG and possible step-

outs such as GTL or export via pipeline being pioneered by the West Africa Gas Pipeline.

He said, "But large scale gas and power developments are more challenging and much more capital intensive

than exploiting onshore oil fields. They also require very close partnership with the government all the way

through the value chain. "And so, what is the role of the IOC, in this next phase? The answer is not going to

be, primarily, as a bringer of capital—though that will of course be a major consideration, rather, it will be as a

bringer of global expertise and leading edge technology and that, I believe, is the differentiator."

He said that what set the 10Cs apart from the independents and the technical contractors was the scale of

their research and development efforts and the depth of their experience. Craig added, "And of course our

global reach that enables, for example, remote real time monitoring of drilling or production operations by

experts anywhere in the world – so that a drilling engineer in Houston can support an operation in the Far

East--and vice versa. "Similarly, the lessons learned, or new techniques applied to, say, deepwater wells in

the Gulf of Mexico can immediately be applied to a deepwater well offshore Malaysia or Nigeria or Brazil."

29-6-2012

Van:


Aan:

Onderwerp: PIB in Guardian (ik neem aan de Nigeriaanse)

Minister raises hope on speedy passage of PIB

THE delay in the passage of the Petroleum Industry Bill (FIB), which has bred uncertainty and deterred

potential investments in the oil and gas sector, has again been allayed following fresh assurances of its quick

passage from the Minister of Petroleum Resources, Diezani Alison-Madueke.

The minister, who stated this at the weekend while fielding questions from journalists at a media parley in

Abuja, said that the National Assembly is anxious to see the bill passed into law, adding that there were some

areas that need further streamlining, which has been handled quite successfully.

According to her, "we have worked on various sectors of the bill, although the bill has few hiccups,

very importantly the fiscal terms as it concerns domestic gas. They were quite strigent in an effort to

ensure that the terms will have the support for domestic gas supply in the country."

She emphasised that the bill would be forwarded to the President in the shortest possible time,

adding that It was brought before the House of Representatives last week as the Senate has started a

second hearing on it.

"We have been in very close touch with them and we understood the reasons why the Senate has aborted it.

We are in no doubt that it would be finalise in the shortest possible time, she said.

"We will be favourable enough to engender both indigenous and international investment. We have worked

very hard with the National Assembly in terms of the bill. We are very positive that this will be the case to

ensure that we are going to supply domestic gas as required to Nigeria over the next few years."

She highlighted that the creation of sustainable gas platform for investment in gas supply growth through

revised commercial framework for gas has resulted in gas supply to power generation.

Providing details of the Federal Government's gas-driven industrialisation agenda, which is billed to be

launched on Thursday by the President, Mrs. Alison-Madueke said the petrochemical and fertiliser projects,

which will attract over $10 billion Foreign Direct Investment between 2012 and 2014, would have a huge

impact on the Nigerian economy.

However, following its bid to ensure government's speedy passage of the bill, the Civil Society Coalition on

the PIB has commended the House of Representatives for making considerable progress towards the

passage of the bill into law.

The group also urged the Senate to follow the footsteps of the House by acting urgently on the bill rather than

apportioning blames.

According to the Executive Director of the African Network for Environment and Economic Justice

(ANEEJ) and Coordinator of the Civil Society Campaign on the PIB, David Ugolor, "This is an executive

bill but while Mr. President has repeatedly reassured Nigerians that the bill will be passed before May this

year, the body language of the executive arm of government seems to suggest that there is no strong

commitment to seeing the PIB become law. "

Stating that Nigerians want to see more executive commitment to its passage rather than the present

preoccupation with politics, he added that Nigerians couldn't afford to sacrifice governance on the altar of

politics.

The House of Representatives considered the report of the Joint Committee on the bill but the Senate

stood it down on the excuse that they "are being put under unnecessary pressure" by civil society

activists who were at the National Assembly to register their support for the FIB.

Reacting to this, he said it would not yield to blackmail because citizens' engagement with legislative

29-6-2012

Page 2 of 2

processes is a fundamental right that cannot be denied.

"In an era where inclusion of civil society voices has become the norm, rather than the exception, it is sad that our legislators would attempt to discountenance the people's yearnings," Ugolor added.

According to Dr. Otive Igbuzor of the African Centre for Leadership, Strategy and Development (Centre LSD), "We commend the House of Representatives for its positive disposition and response to the yearnings of Nigerians on the PIB, which will bring proper regulation, corporate social responsibility, transparency and accountability in the oil and gas sector."

He expressed disappointment with the Senate for refusing to listen to the voice of Nigerians, calling on them to concur with the House of Representatives to ensure that the Bill would be passed before May this year.

The PIB is a comprehensive legislation that seeks to introduce changes that will make Nigeria's oil and gas sector more transparent, efficient and responsive to the needs of the nation's citizens.

The delay has bred uncertainty in the oil and gas sector, which has deterred potential investments into the sector estimated at billions of dollars.

29-6-2012

Page 1 of 1

Van:


Aan:

Onderwerp: 'Punch': SPDC recorded 144 oil spills in 2010 - Report

SPDC recorded 144 oil spills in 2010 — Report

The Shell Petroleum Development of Nigeria said it recorded 144 oil spills, which were over 100 kilogrammes,

in 2011.

According to the company, in the last five years, since 2006, SPDC has been dealing with an average of 169

oil spills per year, slightly fewer than the 175 average for the 2005 to 2009 period.

The company, in its "Shell Nigeria Briefing Notes," posted on its website, said, "One of our key concerns is to

make it harder for saboteurs to steal oil and pollute the environment."

Shell said that in 2010, it completed a programme to make it more difficult to tamper with more than 100 wells

in Ogoniland that had been shut down since 1993.

It added, "However, unless effective action is taken against the widespread sabotage, theft of oil and illegal

refining activities, SPDC's efforts to reduce operational spills will have limited effect on the overall impact of

spills in the Delta.

"Sometimes, individuals or community groups or armed gangs deny the company access to spill sites. In

some cases, this is because they are angry or worried about the impact on their land and their lives. In other

cases it is because some members of the communities want clean-up contracts and/or greater compensation.

"Whatever the reason, such delays can increase the impact of the spill significantly."

29-6-2012

Page 1 of 2

Van:


Aan:

Shell, Total and Agip Divest 45% Stake in OML 40

Oil giants, Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC) and its partners, Total E&P

Nigeria, and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Limited (NAOC) have announced the sale of their 45 percent

interest in the onshore block Oil Mining Lease (OML) 40 to Elcrest Exploration and Production Nigeria

Limited.

Elcrest, a consortium comprising Starcrest Nigeria Energy Limited and Eland Oil and Gas Limited led by

Nigerian business mogul, Emeka Offor, emerged the successful bidder for the OML 40, located at the

Western Operating Division in Niger Delta following a competitive and well publicised auction process that

was conducted by SPDC, NAOC and Total E&P.

A formal completion of the transaction was conducted by representatives of both parties at Shell's office in

Abuja Friday after all relevant documents had been signed by the legal teams involved. The transaction

papers, which is subject to the approval of the Federal Government was however handed over to Offor for

Elcrest by the Managing Director and Country Chairman of SPDC, Mr. Mutiu Sunmonu on behalf of the

Joint Venture partners.

Although, THISDAY could not ascertain the actual financial terms of the oil block deal as both parties

refused to divulge the information on the ground that it is highly commercially sensitive, sources however

disclosed that Elcrest earlier made a bid of $147 million for the oil block, but later increased it to $154

million.

Upon approval and final completion, Shell and its JV Partners will effectively cede their 45 percent stake in

the OML 40 to Elcrest, an indigenous Nigerian oil company while, the Nigerian National Petroleum

Corporation (NNPC) will retain its 55 percent stake in the oil field.

Sunmonu told reporters at the signing ceremony that Elcrest had met the technical and commercial criteria

set by Shell to emerge the preferred bidder; he explained that the sale of OML 40 to Elcrest was based on

an existing criterion that an indigenous oil firm must emerge as its preferred bidder.

He dismissed speculations that the company was disposing off its assets in the country as part of an

alleged exit strategy. "I want to clearly state here that we are not planning to quit our operations in Nigeria,

this is merely part of our strategy to divest and grow indigenous oil companies.

We are strategising for the future, I will urge you to patiently observe us and see where we will be in the

very near future," he said.

In his response, the trade leader of Elcrest, Offor, said the acquisition is a cardinal part of the strategic

growth plan of Elcrest to champion the local content cause as contained in the Local Content Act.

He stated that Elcrest would in time evolve strategies aimed at becoming a leading indigenous oil and gas

company in Sub-Saharan Africa. According to him: "I am a Nigerian and we understand the terrain very

well, we have put in place measures to foster healthy community relations with the host community where

this oil block is located and of course we have in our management team, seasoned oil and gas

professionals with years of successful operation in oil and gas projects in Nigeria, coupled with a broad

range of funding from international blue chip institutional investors."

In line with Shell's plan to reduce its onshore operations in the Niger Delta region, where it had faced

repeated attacks that drastically reduced its production the company had announced its decision to sell

onshore blocks, OML 30, 34, 40 and 42, some of which sources said contain reserves of up to 2 billion

29-6-2012

barrels.

Ilage 2 of 2

Eighteen consortia had expressed interests in the oil fields. Top on the list of interested bidders were Mike Adenuga's Consolidated Petroleum; Femi Otedola's African Petroleum (AP) Consortium; and Neconde Energy, of which Nestoil's to Ernest Azudialu, is said to be a member.

Others are Oando Group Plc backed by China's Addax Petroleum and Perenco, an Anglo-French company; United Kingdom-registered Afren; and Niger Delta Petroleum, allegedly belonging to governments of the South-south states.

However, investigation revealed that of the 18 firms that had put in bids for the blocks, several have withdrawn from the transaction or were automatically disqualified, either because their bids were considered too low, or their inability to meet the deadline given by Shell to escrow 10 per cent of their bid price with J.P. Morgan in the UK.

SPDC is the operator of the joint venture in Nigeria between the NNPC (55percent), Shell (30percent), Total E&P Nigeria Limited (10percent) and Nigeria Agip Oil Company (5percent).

29-6-2012

Van:


Aan:

Onderwerp: Shell divests 45 per cent stake in onshore oil block (info uit Nigeriaanse publicatie Guardian)

SHELL Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited and its joint venture partners-Total Exploration

and Production Nigeria Limited and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Limited. have agreed to sell a stake in its

Nigerian oil field, Oil Mining Leases (OML 40), located in the Niger Delta region, the first of four potential

disposals in the country this year.

Elcrest Exploration and Production Limited, a consortium comprising Starcrest Nigeria Limited and Eland Oil

and Gas Limited, led by a Nigerian, Emeka Offor, who won the bid, has 45 per cent stake while the Nigerian

National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) holds the rest 55 per cent interest.

However, Shell's Managing Director, Mutiu Sunmonu during the signing ceremony, in Abuja, said that the

assets, which is subject to the approval of the government does not amount to a dramatic exit from the

country.

According to him, "this is not an exit strategy for Shell. We are consolidating to strengthen our current and

future stand in Nigeria as this exercise is growing indigenous capacity in the upstream industry.

Although, the actual financial terms of the oil block deal could not be ascertain as both parties refused to

divulge the information, sources, however, disclosed that Elcrest earlier made a bid of $147 million for the oil

block, but later increased it to $154 million.

Sunmonu said: "This is a very important deal. A lot of interests were shown by a lot of companies. The

screening process and the due diligence work that we needed to do really led to the length of time it took.

"There are clear criteria set for bidders and for the particular block, they happen to be the best bidders. There

are commercial criteria, technical and mainly on the fact that you have to be a Nigerian based company.

"We have been here for long and some of these assets have more value to indigenous companies. In the next

two years, you will appreciate my statement that this is a consolidation strategy to strengthen our future in this

country," he said.

He added that the sale of other assets in Nigeria would be concluded in some matter of weeks.

Commenting on the acquisition, the Chairman of Starcrest, Emeka Offor said the acquisition is a critical part of

the strategic growth plan of Chrome Group as it is a glimpse of the group, marching towards becoming the

leading indigenous oil and gas company in sub-Sahara Africa.

He stated that as a Nigerian Company with a global perspective, the group is now more than ever before

better positioned to champion the local content cause, as time has come for indigenous oil companies and

gas companies to take positions in the oil and gas business in Nigeria.

He emphasised that the company would ensure that all stakeholders benefit from the successful re-

development of the resources.

Shell is said to be selling stakes in four fields in Nigeria as part of its plan to divest $5 billion in assets this

year. Shell also sold four blocks last year.

The sale of the onshore blocks — OML 30, 34, 40 and 42, some of which sources said contain reserves of up

to two billion barrels, is in line with the company's plan to reduce its onshore operations in the Niger Delta

region, where it had faced repeated attacks that drastically reduced its production between 2007 and 2009.

29-6-2012

Van:

Verzonden: maandag 16 april 2012 13:09

Aan:

Onderwerp: Shell Sustainability Report 2011

SHELL SUSTAINABILITY

REPORT 2011

Page 1 of 2

Each year, Shell releases a report that describes how sustainable

development helps us to deliver energy to meet the world's growing demand

in a responsible way. Inside you will learn about our approach to sustainable

development, discover examples of our work with communities and partners,

and find information on our social and environmental performance.

Read about how we are:

■ running our operations to avoid harm to people and the environment;

■ involving communities to contribute to local development and improve

how we operate;

■ continuing to produce more cleaner-burning natural gas;

■ producing low-carbon biofuel through our Raizen joint venture;

■ spending $1.1 billion on research and development in advanced

technologies;

■ helping to develop carbon capture and storage technologies;

■ working to make our own operations more energy efficient, and;

■ providing customers with advanced fuels and lubricants.

Find out more in our Sustainability Report.

Now available online.

More content on our environmental and social performance is available at

www.shell.com/sustainability

Met vriendelijke groet,

Shell International

Den Haag, Handelsregister No. 24098177

29-6-2012

Page 2 of 2

Correspondentieadres: Postbus 444, 2501 CK Den Haag

Kantoor: Carel van Bylandtlaan 16, 2596 HR Den Haag

Internet: http://wvvvv.shell.com

29-6-2012

Nned in iNigeriaT7- Update over net UNt.Y rapport

Van:

Verzonden: maandag 14 november 2011 11:31

Aan:

Onderwerp: tbv AO Shell in Nigeria - Update over het UNEP rapport

Urgentie: Hoog

Gevoeligheid: Persoonlijk

Bijlagen: Nigeria -Shell wil efficientere aanpak olievervuiling NOS Afrika dag 29102011.pdf

Page 1 of

Van:

Verzonden: maandaq 14 november 2011 11:28

Aan:-

Onderwerp: FW: Shell in Nigeria - Update over het UNEP rapport

Urgentie: Hoog

Gevoeligheid: Persoonlijk

Voor jullie informatie, hieronder vind je ons verhaal richting Tweede Kamer leden.

Geachte/Beste

Aanstaande donderdag wordt tijden het AO MVO het UNEP rapport besproken. Wij willen graag bij

deze onze visie op dat rapport en de weg vooruit geven, ook als vervolg op ons eerdere schrijven in

Augustus.

Wat doet SPDC reeds nu ?

Zoals u bekend publiceert Shell Petroleum Company of Nigeria Ltd. (SPDC) de actuele situatie over

oil-spills op haar website

http://www.shell.com.ng/home/content/nga/environment society/respecting the environment/0

met een uitleg, foto en voortgangsrapportage.

Daarnaast hebben sinds 2000, SPDC en de joint-venture partners reeds meer dan $3 mrd besteed

aan het bestrijden van flares en hebben zij zich in 2009 gecommitteerd aan een vervolg

programma om het flaren nog verder to bestrijden. Bij voltooiing van deze twee programma's zal zo

'n $6 miljard zijn besteed en zo'n 90% van SPDC 's productie voorzien zijn van gas afvang

installaties.

Reeds voordat het UNEP rapport uitkwam, waren SPDC en haar joint-venture partners het eens

geworden over de noodzaak voor het aanleggen van een vervangende pijpleiding om de olie die zij

op het vasteland produceert, naar de zogenaamde Bonny Terminal to transporteren. Deze extra

leiding omzeilt Ogoni-land en zou het makkelijker maken om herstelwerkzaamheden uit to voeren

aan de bestaande Trans-Niger Pipeline, die door Ogoniland loopt. Deze pijpleiding vormt de laatste

jaren een belangrijk doelwit voor oliediefstal en illegale raffinaderijen en is daarmee een bron van

vervuiling geworden. Ontwerp en inschrijven voor het werk zijn klaar en hopelijk wordt het project

29-6-2012

FW: Shell in Nigeria - Update overihet'UNEP rapport Page 2 of 6

in de komende maanden door de joint venture goedgekeurd.

Wat gaat SPDC doen met het UNEP Rapport?.

Op 11 Oktober heeft SPDC een reactie op het UNEP rapport op haar website geplaatst — zie

hieronder in detail en ook

http://www.shell.com.ng/home/content/nga/environment society/our response/ - en op 29 Oktober heeft Dick Benschop het issue ook aangesneden in zijn publieke debat met Eduard

Kazarski, Directeur Amnesty International, tijdens de jaarlijkse Afrika dag van de PvdA (zie bijgevoegde NOS persbericht).

<<Nigeria -Shell wil efficientere aanpak olievervuiling NOS Afrika dag 29102011.pdf>>

Shell Petroleum Company of Nigeria Ltd. (SPDC) verwelkomt het UNEP rapport en hoopt dat dit rapport een stevige stimulans vormt tot (Internationale) samenwerking om de problemen in

Ogoniland en andere delen van de Niger delta aan te pakken. Op 29 Oktober zei Dick Benschop "Het moet een wending ten goede worden, maar wij kunnen dat niet alleen". Er is een coalitie nodig van alle betrokken partijen omdat ook de veiligheid, sabotage en illegaal aftappen moet worden aangepakt. Daarom, zegt Benschop, is de aanpak van de olievervuiling alleen mogelijk in een coalitie van alle betrokken partijen: Shell, de andere oliemaatschappijen, de Nigeriaanse regering, de lokale bestuurders, de NGO 's, de dorpsgemeenschappen. "Daar moet een nieuwe autoriteit voor komen, een fonds en een langjarige onderneming waarbij iedereen is betrokken." Het geld voor het fonds is volgens hem nog het minste probleem. "Als je ziet hoeveel olie er nu verloren gaat, hoeveel productie er verloren gaat. Dat geld is zo terugverdiend. Nee, het grootste probleem is de samenwerking."

SPDC is het eens met de UNEP conclusie dat alle oorzaken van aanhoudende verontreiniging, inclusief diefstal van ruwe olie en illegale raffinage, moeten worden weggenomen voordat met doeltreffende, algehele opruimwerkzaamheden kan worden begonnen. Bij pogingen om blijvende, betekenisvolle verandering teweeg te brengen moet men ook de maatschappelijke en economische problemen in de Delta aanpakken, zodat de cyclus van militant optreden, geweld en sabotage waarvan iedereen in het gebied te lijden heeft, wordt doorbroken. SPDC kan dit niet in haar eentje voor elkaar krijgen. Het vergt een gezamenlijke inspanning van alle betrokken stakeholders, maar SPDC zal haar volledige aandeel leveren.

SPDC is vast van plan om samen met anderen de problemen in Ogoniland te helpen oplossen en daaruit lering te trekken die zij bij haar operaties in dat gebied met zijn unieke problematiek, maar ook elders in de Nigerdelta, kan toepassen.

SPDC werkt mee aan de aanbevelingen van het UNEP rapport en is betrokken in uitgebreid, delicaat overleg tussen SPDC, de andere spelers in de Nigeriaanse olie industrie en de Nigeriaanse overheid hoe te voorzien in het schoonmaakfonds van $ 1 miljard naar aanleiding van UNEP oproep.

SPDC heeft het rapport bestudeerd en de reactie op de drie aanbevelingen aan de olie-industrie is als volgt:

1 Volledige evaluatie en herziening van opruimen saneringsprocedures voor weggelekte olie, en verbetering van uitbesteding van werkzaamheden en toezicht.

SPDC heeft een voorlopige evaluatie van haar procedures uitgevoerd. De saneringsmethode RENA

29-6-2012

FW: Shell in Nigeria - Update overliet UNEP rapport Page 3 of

(Remediation by Enhanced Natural Attenuation, een methode om op moeilijke toegankelijke

locaties zoals in Nigeriaanse moerassen, door middel van biologische versnelde afbraakprocessen

vervuilde grond te reinigen door bijvoorbeeld extra beluchting — regelmatig omscheppen —en

toevoegen van kunstmest) , blijft een bewezen en internationaal erkende manier om met olie

vervuilde grond te reinigen. Het UNEP rapport stelt dat in bepaalde gevallen onze grondmonsters

niet diep genoeg waren en dat dit de effectiviteit van de sanering nadelig beInvloedde. Onderzoek

door SPDC bevestigt deze constatering voor een paar specifieke locaties, daarom gaat SPDC die

locaties opnieuw bezoeken om te bepalen of het opruimen /sanering afdoende zijn en waar nodig

maatregelen treffen. Ook zal SPDC steekproefsgewijs andere gesaneerde locaties controleren op

adequate sanering.

Daarnaast voert SPDC al enige tijd onderhandelingen met een gerenommeerde internationale

organisatie over een nieuw gezamenlijk project om de saneringstechnieken van SPDC in de Delta te

evalueren en zo nodig verder te verbeteren. Daarbij zal een beroep worden gedaan op de

wetenschappelijke kennis van onafhankelijke deskundigen.

Ook heeft SPDC begin 2011 contracten aanbesteed waarin internationaal in hoog aanzien staande

organisaties zoals het British Standards Institute (BSI) en Det Norske Veritas (DNV) worden

uitgenodigd om voor een onafhankelijke beoordeling en borging te zorgen van de respons- en

beheersmethoden van SPDC bij olielekkages.

2 Uitvoeren van een algemene evaluatie van de installaties van SPDC in Ogoniland en opstellen

van een programma voor het uitbedrijf nemen, inclusief een "Integrity Management Plan" voor

olie-installaties . SPDC blijft vastbesloten om een integriteitsbeheersplan voor haar installaties in

Ogoniland op te stellen, maar gezien de bijzondere toegangsproblemen die zij sinds 1993

ondervindt, is voor een doeltreffende uitvoering daarvan steun vanuit de samenleving en de

overheid nodig. Vanwege de beperkte toegang die SPDC in het verleden had, was het uitbedrijf

nemen van haar stilliggende installaties in Ogoniland onmogelijk. Om aan te geven wat mogelijk is

als SPDC wel haar installaties kan bereiken: tussen 2009 en 2010 heeft zij meer dan 100 niet-

producerende putten in het gebied beveiligd om die minder toegankelijk voor onbevoegden te

maken. Dit is gerealiseerd met medewerking van de lokale, de staats- en de federale overheid en

van de Ogoni - gemeenschappen zeif. Een SPDC team werkt hieraan en wil de plannen graag met de

betrokken Ogoni - gemeenschappen bespreken.

3. SPDC dient samen met de Nigeriaanse toezichthouders duidelijkheid te brengen in de

wetgeving inzake het niveau van verontreiniging waarop reiniging dient aan te vangen en het

niveau van verontreiniging na het opruimen . SPDC zet het overleg over de relevante voorschriften

met de betreffende toezichthouders voort. SPDC bevestigt dat zij haar saneringsproces uitvoert op

basis van een risicogebaseerde aanpak die strookt met de werkwijze die op internationaal niveau

de beste wordt geacht.

Wat doet SPDC verder ?

Verder heeft SPDC direct steun betuigt aan alle aanbevolen UNEP noodmaatregelen en werkt reeds

sinds Augustus nauw samen met de regering van Rivers State bij de drinkwatervoorziening aan

bepaalde gemeenschappen. Tegelijkertijd werkt zij aan gedetailleerde plannen voor het herstel van

bestaande waterinstallaties en de aanleg van nieuwe, meer permanente voorzieningen om alle

Ogoni-gemeenschappen van drinkwater te voorzien.

Wij hopen dat bovenstaande voor u van nut is, mocht u vragen hebben dan lichten wij dat gaarne

29-6-2012

t' FW: Shell in Nigeria - Update oVet het UNEP rapport 'Page 4 of 6

toe

Groeten,—

Shell in Nigeria

SPDC action on matters addressed in the UNEP report

The Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Ltd (SPDC) welcomes the United Nations

Environment Programme report Environmental Assessment of Ogoniland'

It is an important milestone in the history of Ogoniland and for the oil industry in Nigeria. The UNEP report highlights the unique challenges and complexities of Ogoniland which is not representative of conditions in the rest of the Niger Delta. SPDC withdrew from the area and halted production in 1993 following several attacks against its staff, and communities have granted the company only limited access since then.

SPDC hopes the UNEP report will be a catalyst for cooperation to address the challenges in Ogoniland and the wider Niger Delta and welcomes President Goodluck Jonathan's initiative to set up a Presidential Committee to coordinate required actions by all parties. SPDC is currently working with the industry committee which will support the Presidential Committee to define the next steps towards implementing the recommendations in the report.

SPDC has reviewed the report, including three recommendations that relate to its operations within Ogoniland and a specific finding on the current approach to in-situ remediation by enhanced natural attenuation (RENA). SPDC's reaction to each of the recommendations is as follows:

1 . To fully review and overhaul procedures for oil spill clean-up and remediation as well as improve on contracting and supervision .

SPDC has carried out a preliminary review of its procedures. RENA remains a proven and internationally recognised method to remediate spill sites which is widely used in many countries. The report noted that in a few specific cases in Ogoniland we did not go deep enough in our pre-clean up assessments and this may have impacted the overall effectiveness of remediation in those areas. A review by SPDC has confirmed this finding in relation to a few specific sites. Based on this finding, SPDC will revisit the sites in Ogoniland investigated by UNEP to determine whether clean up and remediation have been adequate, and take action as required. SPDC will also review a sample of other remediated sites more widely across the Delta to check that adequate remediation has indeed been carried out.

SPDC will continue its ongoing efforts to ensure effective supervision of contractors and their

29-6-2012

FW: Shell in Nigeria - Update over het rapport Page 5, of 6

full compliance with regulatory and contractual requirements.

SPDC has been in negotiations with a reputable international organisation for some time, to

launch a joint project to review and if necessary, further improve SPDC's remediation

techniques in the Delta, drawing upon independent expert scientific knowledge. Also, SPDC

issued contract tenders at the beginning of 2011 inviting internationally respected organisations

such as the British Standards Institute (BSI) and Det Norske Veritas (DNV) to provide

independent review and assurance of SPDC's oil spill response and management practices.

2 . To conduct a comprehensive review of SPDC assets in Ogoniland and develop a

decommissioning programme and Integrity Managemen t Plan for the assets.

SPDC remains committed to developing an asset integrity management plan for Ogoniland but

effective implementation will require support from communities and from the government,

given the unique challenges regarding access since 1993. Decommissioning of the facilities that

are not in service in Ogoniland had not been possible due to the limited access SPDC has had in

the past. As an illustration of what can be achieved when access is granted, between 2009 and

2010, SPDC secured more than 100 non-producing wells in the area to make them more

difficult to tamper with. This was achieved with the cooperation of both local, state and federal

governments and the Ogoni communities. SPDC has set up a team to review and develop a

comprehensive decommissioning programme and asset integrity plan and looks forward to

discussing these plans with the relevant Ogoni communities.

3. SPDC to work with Nigerian regulators to clarify the legisla tion governing remedial

in tervention and target values.

SPDC will continue to engage with the relevant government regulators on the Environmental

Guidelines and Standards for Petroleum Industry in Nigeria (EGASPIN). SPDC confirms however

that it currently manages its remediation process on a risk based approach consistent with

international best practice.

In addition to addressing the three SPDC specific recommendations contained in the UNEP

report, SPDC has been taking the following actions on matters related to Ogoniland:

• SPDC supports all the recommended emergency measures and is working closely with

the Rivers State Government regarding supplying potable water to some communities while

developing detailed plans to rehabilitate existing water facilities and build new, more permanent

ones to provide fresh water to all the Ogoni communities.

• Prior to the report, SPDC had agreed with its joint venture partners on the need to

construct an alternate pipeline that will evacuate production from its land fields to Bonny

Terminal. Design and tendering for the work has already taken place and it is hoped that the

project will be sanctioned by the joint venture in the coming months. This additional line would

facilitate repair work on the existing Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP) running through Ogoniland -

which in recent years, has become a major target for oil theft and illegal refineries and as a

result, has become a source of pollution.

SPDC agrees with the UNEP finding that all sources of ongoing contamination, including

activities such as crude theft and illegal refining, must be brought to an end before an effective

widespread clean-up can begin. Efforts to bring lasting and meaningful change must also

address the social and economic challenges in the Delta to break the cycle of militancy, violence

and sabotage which affects everybody in the area. This is not something that SPDC can bring

about on its own; it will require a joint effort by all relevant stakeholders, but SPDC will play its

full part.

SPDC remains committed to work with others to help resolve issues in Ogoniland and learn

29-6-2012

FW: Shell Nigeria - Update ovd het UNEP rapport Page 6 of 6'

lessons that can be applied to our operations in this uniquely challenging area and elsewhere in the Niger Delta.

Read more about oil spills in Nigeria

SPDC and Ogoniland

The UNEP report - Opens in new window covers oil spills in Ogoniland, an area covering about 1% of the Niger Delta. in 1993 SPDC shut down all production in Ogoniland due to threats and violence against our staff and facilities.

Read more about SPDC and spills in Ogoniland

UNEP press release about theft and illegal refining in Ogoniland

In June 2010, UNEP issued a press release highlighting the ongoing environmental damage caused by criminal activity including illegal refineries in the Gokhana area of Ogoniland.

See the press release - Opens in new window

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Confidentiality Warning This e-mail, any attachment and response string are confidential and may be legally privileged. If you are not the intended recipient, please telephone or email me and/or the sender and delete this message and any attachment immediately. Please do not copy or forward this message or attachment. Internet communications are not secure and therefore Shell does not accept legal responsibility for the contents of this message as it has been transmitted over a public network. If you suspect the message may have been intercepted or amended, please inform the sender. Thank you.

29-6-2012

NOS Nieuws - Shell wil efficientere aanpak olievervuiling Page 1 of 2

NOS Shell wil efficientere aanpak olievervuiling

Een schildpad zwemt door de olie

AFP

Toegevoegd: zaterdag 29 okt 2011, 21:33

Update: zaterdag 29 okt 2011, 21:35

Door redacteur Esther Bootsma

Shell hoopt dat een recent kritisch VN-rapport over

de olievervuiling in Nigeria de katalysator wordt voor

een betere aanpak van die vervuiling. "Het moet een

wending ten goede worden, maar wij kunnen dat niet

alleen", zegt Shell-directeur Dick Benschop.

Benschop wil een coalitie oprichten van alle

betrokken partijen, omdat ook de vervuiling door

sabotage en oliediefstal moet worden aangepakt. Maar tot nu toe heeft de Nigeriaanse regering nog niet

gereageerd.

Benschop kreeg complimenten, zaterdag op de jaarlijkse Afrikadag van de PvdA. De bezoekers vonden het

moedig dat de Shell-directeur voor een kritisch publiek van veelal Afrikaminnend publiek in discussie ging

met de directeur van Amnesty International, Eduard Nazarski. Na afloop hadden verschillende aanwezigen

hun negatieve mening over Shell bijgesteld.

Omvangrijker

Centraal stond een alarmerend rapport dat het milieu-agentschap van de Verenigde Naties begin augustus

uitbracht. Volgens dit rapport is de olievervuiling in een deel van de Nigerdelta, Ogoniland, veel

omvangrijker dan werd gedacht. De bevolking loopt er gevaar en het duurt zeker 30 jaar voor alle olie er is

opgeruimd. Shell krijgt in het rapport zware kritiek, omdat het medeverantwoordelijk is voor de olielekkages

en omdat het de vervuilde gebieden niet goed genoeg schoonmaakt.

Shell brengt er altijd tegen in dat ruim 90 procent van de vervuiling in Nigeria wordt veroorzaakt door

sabotage van pijpleidingen en oliediefstal. Maar Amnesty denkt dat Shell dit aandeel door sabotage

overdrijft. "De percentages die Shell noemt, komen verder alleen voor in Noord-Koreaanse verkiezingen",

zei directeur Nazarski.

Toch moest hij bekennen dat Amnesty International ook niet weet wat de werkelijke verhoudingen zijn

tussen sabotage en kapot Shell-materiaal. 80-20 procent, 50-50? "Wij weten het niet", gaf hij toe.

Volgens Shell-directeur Benschop is zijn bedrijf de laatste tijd veranderd, onder meer door kritiek van

mensenrechten- en milieuorganisaties. "Ik denk dat de druk van Amnesty ertoe heeft geleid dat we veel

transparanter zijn geworden." Op de Shellwebsite worden sinds begin dit jaar alle inspecties van

olielekkages tot in detail beschreven, met videobeelden en al, zei hij.

Voorkomen van Iekkages

Shell is wettelijk verplicht alle olie op te ruimen, ongeacht de oorzaak. Toch is het van groot belang exact te

weten of de oorzaak sabotage is of achterstallig onderhoud, zegt Benschop. "Want als het lek door ons

komt, betalen we het dorp compensatie. Het gebeurt daardoor zelfs weleens dat we worden tegengehouden

als we olie willen komen opruimen, omdat de mensen liever de compensatie willen."

Kortom, als lekkage beloond wordt, krijg je meer lekkage, zegt Benschop. "We moeten dus iets bedenken

dat juist het voorkomen van lekkages wordt beloond."

Daarnaast wordt ook de georganiseerde diefstal van olie in de Nigerdelta volgens de Shell-directeur steeds

professioneler. "Het is echt georganiseerde criminaliteit." Vooral de illegale raffinaderijen zorgen voor een

http://nos.nliartike1/308503-shell-wil-efficientere-aanpak-olievervuiling.html 8-11-2011

NOS Nieuws - Shell wil efficientere aanpak olievervuiling

gigantische vervuiling, zag hij toen hij in augustus over het gebied vloog. En daarnaast is er de illegale

export van ruwe olie, die door de kreken heen naar de kust wordt gevaren en in gekaapte olietankers wordt

gepompt.

Daarom, zegt Benschop, is de aanpak van de olievervuiling alleen mogelijk in een coalitie van alle

betrokken partijen: Shell, de andere oliemaatschappijen, de Nigeriaanse regering, de lokale bestuurders, de

ngo's, de dorpsgemeenschappen. "Daar moet een nieuwe autoriteit voor komen, een fonds en een

langjarige onderneming waarbij iedereen is betrokken."

Minste probleem

Het geld voor het fonds is volgens hem nog het minste probleem. "Als je ziet hoeveel olie er nu verloren

gaat, hoeveel productie er verloren gaat. Dat geld is zo terugverdiend. Nee, het grootste probleem is de

samenwerking."

Maar volgens Amnesty International moet Shell daar niet op gaan zitten wachten. "Er is grote haast. Shell

moet nu eens beginnen met opruimen, duidelijke stappen zetten. Die zien we niet", zei directeur Nazarski.

De Nigeriaanse regering, die in het VN-rapport ook als schuldige wordt aangewezen voor de olievervuiling,

zou voor 31 augustus reageren op het VN-rapport, maar heeft dat nog niet gedaan.

Voorwaarden en reglement I © NOS 2011

Page 2 of 2

http://nos.nllartikelJ308503-shell-wil-efficientere-aanpak-olievervuiling.html 8-11-2011

Page 1 of 4

Van:

Verzonden: dinsdag 14 juni 2011 14:01

Aan:

Onderwerp: ter info - Nigeria - bladen Next, Punch, Leadership, Guardian, ThisDay en National Mirror: Shell

invokes force majeure over multiple pipeline incidents

Shell invokes force majeure over multiple pipeline incidents

The Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC) has fallen back on the force majeure

clause in its contract on Bonny Light loadings for June and July 2011. The force majeure regime came into

effect at noon yesterday.

The declaration, according to the firm, is as a result of the production cutbacks caused by leaks and fires

which occurred last week on the Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP).

Force majeure, a French legal term which means 'superior force', is a common clause in contracts that

basically frees one or both parties from liability or obligation in the event of extraordinary circumstances which

are usually beyond the control of both parties such as war, strike, riots, or natural disasters such as flooding,

earthquake and so on.

"Joint Investigation Visits comprising government agencies, communities and SPDC found that the incidents

were caused by hacksaw cuts which indicate third party interference and activities of unknown persons," Shell

said in a statement issued yesterday.

"The leaks have been repaired leading to resumption of production on June 12. The TNP which transports

production from SPDC and third parties in its Eastern operations to Bonny Terminal, was affected by leaks

and five separate fire incidents on both the 24" and 28" lines in Bodo, Bera, Biera and Mogho all in Ogoniland,

on June 9. SPDC immediately shut the lines, mobilised its pipelines response and fire fighting teams and

extinguished the fires by June 11".

According to Shell, the production deferment over the period has affected the loading programme at the

Bonny Terminal; it would now have to advise customers of a revised schedule.

Babs Omotowa, Vice President HSE, Infrastructure & Logistics, Shell Sub-Saharan Africa, said the leaks and

fires show a worrying trend not only on the TNP but also on the firm's facilities elsewhere.

"Sadly, the trend is continuing unabated. At the end of April, we recorded more than 35 sabotage spills," Mr

Omotowa said. "SPDC is continuing to upgrade facilities, replace pipelines and improve oil spill response

systems. But no matter how much we improve our performance, until the activities of oil thieves and illegal

refiners are brought to an end, the vast majority of oil spills in the Niger Delta will continue."

Nigeria has suffered much crude oil theft, also known as bunkering, which remains widespread and out of

control in the Niger Delta region of the nation. Efforts to destroy illegal oil refineries spotted among the creeks

of the Niger Delta has proven to be almost as dangerous for the soldiers working there as for the oil thieves,

who sometimes turn the stolen crude oil into homemade petrol.

About two years ago, the federal government introduced an amnesty programme for gunmen in the region, a

move which industry watchers thought would bring the nation respite.

It is feared that bunkering, an activity which has been a part of life for years in Nigeria and has cost the nation

fortunes, may still be around for years to come.

Sabotage: Shell declares force majeure on Bonny Light oil loadings

The Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited, on Monday, declared force majeure on the

Bonny Light crude oil loadings for June and July 2011.

Force majeure is a common clause in contracts that essentially frees both parties from liability or obligation

when an extraordinary event or circumstance beyond the control of the parties, such as a war, strike, riot,

crime, or an event described by the legal term, "act of God" (such as flooding, earthquake, or volcanic

eruption), prevents one or both parties from fulfilling their obligations under the contract.

A statement by the company said that the declaration was as a result of production cutbacks caused by leaks

and fires, which occurred last week on the Trans Niger Pipeline.

Shell said that joint investigation visits by government agencies, host communities and SPDC found out that

the incidents leading to the declaration were caused by hacksaw cuts, which indicated third party interference

and activities of unknown persons.

29-6-2012

Page 2 of 4

"The leaks have been repaired, leading to resumption of production on June 12. The TNP, which transports production from SPDC and third parties in its Eastern operations to Bonny Terminal, was affected by leaks and five separate fire incidents on both the 24-inch and 28-inch lines in Bodo, Bera, Biera and Mogho, all in Ogoni land, on June 9.

"The SPDC immediately shut the lines, mobilised its pipelines response and fire fighting teams and extinguished the fires by June 11," the company said.

It added that production deferment over the period had affected the loading programme at Bonny Terminal and that the SPDC would now have to advise customers of a revised schedule.

She!! said that the force majeure came into effect at noon on Monday.

Shell declares force majeure over pipeline fires

THE Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC) has declared force majeure on Bonny Light loadings for June and July 2011.

The force majeure came into effect at noon yesterday.

The declaration was sequel to production cutbacks caused by leaks and fires, which occurred last week on the Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP).

Joint investigation visits conducted by government agencies, communities and SPDC, found that the incidents were caused by hacksaw cuts, which indicate third party interference and activities of unknown persons.

The leaks have been repaired leading to resumption of production on Sunday.

The TNP, which transports production from SPDC and third parties in its Eastern operations to Bonny Terminal, was affected by leaks and five separate fire incidents on both the 24" and 28" lines in Bodo, Bera, Biera and Mogho all in Ogoni land, on June 9.

SPDC immediately shut the lines, mobilised its pipelines response and fire fighting teams and extinguished the fires by June 11.

Production deferment over the period has affected the loading programme at Bonny Terminal, and SPDC will now have to advise customers of a revised schedule.

Vice President HSE, Infrastructure and Logistics, Shell Sub Saharan Africa, Babs Omotowa said: "The leaks and fires show a worrying trend not only on the TNP but also on our facilities elsewhere. Sadly, the trend is continuing unabated. At end April, we recorded more than 35 sabotage spills.

According to him, "SPDC is continuing to upgrade facilities, replace pipelines and improve oil spill response systems. But no matter how much we improve our performance, until the activities of oil thieves and illegal refiners are brought to an end, the vast majority of oil spills in the Niger Delta will continue."

Shell Halts Production In Niger Delta

Royal Dutch Shell Plc has issued production warning that it can't meet forecast production in Nigeria after sabotage on a main pipeline in the country's southern delta.

A Shell spokesman said in a statement yesterday that the company's Nigerian subsidiary has declared "force majeure" on its Bonny Light crude shipment for June and July, a term used when it is impossible for an oil company to cover the promised supply from the field.

An investigation found that the damage to the Trans Niger pipeline was caused by hacksaw cuts, suggesting black-market thieves tapped into the lines. The pipeline is a major conduit through Nigeria's oil-rich region of swamps, mangroves and creeks almost the size of South Carolina. Nigeria is a top supplier of crude to the U.S.

Meanwhile, two oil workers, Tom Akhidame and Solomon Enamejewa have been kidnapped in Ward, Delta State, by gun-wielding youths in two separate incidents.

Police sources disclosed that Akhidame, an official of Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC), and Enamejewan, an official of Southern Gas Company (SGC), were abducted at different locations in Ward. LEADERSHIP gathered that Akhidame was abducted at about 5:30pm on Sunday along Edjeba—Complex road, near NNPC Housing Estate, by yet to be identified gunmen.

In the case of Enamejewan, it was learnt he was kidnapped at about 3pm while on his way to Aladja in Udu local government area to visit a relation.

His abductors had established contact with his wife, Philo, demanding for a N15 million ransom.

29-6-2012

Page 3 of 4

The Warri area commander of police, Abutu Yaro, who confirmed the development, added that security

operatives were closing in on the kidnappers.

He said: "It's true that two men were kidnapped but I can assure you that we are closing in on the kidnappers;

they should know that there is no hiding place for criminals in this command."

Suspected Sabotage Cuts OH Export by 300,000bpd

Nigeria's crude oil export has suffered a major setback as Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC)

has declared force majeure on about 300,000 barrels per day Bonny Light loadings for June and July 2011.

Before the latest incident, Nigeria's crude oil export was 2.4 million barrels daily, while she was also exporting

200,000 barrels of condensate per day.

The declaration of force majeure, which frees the oil giant from all contractual obligations to its customers due

to unforeseen circumstances, followed what it called "production cutbacks" caused by leaks and fires on the

company's Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP).

The company did not disclose the volume of crude oil affected by the force majeure, but according to the

earlier loading schedules, 10 cargoes of Bonny Light of about 950,000 barrels each were shipped in May

2011, totalling over 300,000 barrels of crude per day.

However, following the operational problems Shell was said to have experienced at the 400,000 barrels per

day capacity Bonny Export Terminal, the company had planned to revise exports of Bonny Light for June and

July to eight and nine cargoes respectively, translating to over 250,000 barrels per day.

THISDAY, however, could not confirm if the loadings were eventually revised as scheduled.

But confirming the latest development in a statement yesterday, Corporate Media Relations Manager of Shell,

Mr Tony Okonedo, attributed the force majeure, which came into effect on "June 13, 2011", to last week's fire

on the company's TNP.

According to him, joint investigation visits comprising government agencies, communities and SPDC found

that the incidents were caused by hacksaw cuts which indicate third party interference and activities of

unknown persons.

"The leaks have been repaired leading to resumption of production on June 12. The TNP which transports


and five separate fire incidents on both the 24' and 28' lines in Bodo, Bera, Biera and Mogho all in Ogoni land,

on June 9. SPDC immediately shut the lines, mobilised its pipelines response and fire fighting teams and

extinguished the fires by June 11," Okonedo said.

He also confirmed that the production deferment over the period had affected the loading programme at

Bonny Export Terminal, adding that the company would advise customers of a revised schedule.

Reacting to the incident, the Vice-President HSE, Infrastructure & Logistics, Shell Sub Saharan Africa, Babs

Omotowa, said the leaks and fires were indication of a worrying trend not only on the TNP but also on the

company's facilities in other places.

"Sadly, the trend is continuing unabated. At end April, we recorded more than 35 sabotage spills. SPDC is

continuing to upgrade facilities, replace pipelines and improve oil spill response systems. But no matter how

much we improve our performance, until the activities of oil thieves and illegal refiners are brought to an end,

the vast majority of oil spills in the Niger Delta will continue," Omotowa said.

Oil exports drops by 200,000bpd as Shell shuts pipeline

The Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC) has declared Force Majeure on

Bonny Light loadings for June and July 2011. The declaration is as a result of production cutbacks caused by

leaks and fires which occurred last week on the Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP). Joint Investigation Visits

comprising government agencies, communities and SPDC found that the incidents were caused by hacksaw

cuts which indicate third party interference and activities of unknown persons.

The leaks have been repaired leading to resumption of production on June 12. The TNP which transports


and five separate fire incidents on both the 24" and 28" lines in Bodo, Bera, Biera and Mogho all in Ogoni

land, on June 9. SPDC immediately shut the lines, mobilized its pipelines response and fire fighting teams and

extinguished the fires by June 11.

29-6-2012

Page 4 of 4

Production deferment over the period has affected the loading programme at Bonny Terminal, and SPDC will now have to advise customers of a revised schedule. The Force Majeure came into effect at noon today (June 13).

Vice President HSE, Infrastructure & Logistics, Shell Sub Saharan Africa, Babs Omotowa said: "The leaks and fires show a worrying trend not only on the TNP but also on our facilities elsewhere. Sadly, the trend is continuing unabated. At end April, we recorded more than 35 sabotage spills. SPDC is continuing to upgrade facilities, replace pipelines and improve oil spill response systems. But no matter how much we improve our performance, until the activities of oil thieves and illegal refiners are brought to an end, the vast majority of oil spills in the Niger Delta will continue."

Government Relations Adviser





Internet: htto://www.shell.com

29-6-2012

Van:


Aan:

Onderwerp: ter info: Duitse pers nay bezoek Bondskanselier Merkel aan Nigeria

Bijiagen: Document.ZIP; Document.pdf

29-6-2012

Mehr Me awa fur kutschl

t. inch cl ns prof ieren t'norm Von den Gesdiftften l it N ige7ria

Das 11,11 fen

_.. .. ____.. .. oN 1.).'“,1,1,1it OPIINIFft, ABUJA • . , _...... ............_ --, in kur?es Hocken). dan n Jim haft,

Abuja im Du nkel n. Seku mien sparer , beginnt das Mohnen der Generato-ren. und die Hauptstadt Nigeria:: beginnt wieder zu leuchten. Die Stronwerso%ung gebt nicht our in Abuja Liglich mein-filth in die K.II ie. Von den mad 6000 Megawatt iastallierter 1A.istung im hevolkerungs-.re ichs ten Land Afrikassiud oath Einschiit zung des Energieexpert en EA, Onyekpere gerade mat 3200 Megawatt verftigbar. 40 Prozent der produzierte n n Strounenge g,eht beirn Tr p ansort verloren. Nigeria giht nachliCrechnungen der Wel(hankie-

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des I ah t 10,5 NI illia rden Dollar fiir Diesel-gencratoren und deren Betrieb aus. Und mehr als die Mine der nod 150 Millio-nen Nigerianer 1st his heute nicht an das Stromnetz angeschlossen.

Eze Onyekpere vom ,Centre for Social Justice beobachtet Auftrag der den Gruner) nahestehenden Hein.- richitoil-Stiftung mit dem Projekt Energy-Watch den Privatisier tingspro-

7.e,ss der Stromwirtschaft in Nigeria. Da-Olt es Bute Criinde, dem-) nach Regie-

runm-einsthiltzung rind. 80 Prozent der Ptivatisierungsprozesse hither geschCi-tett. Dennoch erwartet Jeremy Gains, Ko ordinarbr der seit rend drei jahren beste-hendeialdetuseb-nigc-rianischen Energie-partnersehaft., days diese. .Pri vat isieru rig gut gehein.k8nrite, Schlicalich sei die Pri-vatisiertinOluirnmission • *Strafft wor-den,- und bei den Rafrinerien.sei. das Et-geb.rtis nicht -schlecht.

Otis Anyaeji berHt die P.egierung b•i th-rew ehigeizigeo Plan; his 2020 die Erzeu-gUnrkapazitat Nigerias aiir40000 Mega-watt 7..0 erbahert. Ruud 6000 Megawatt seien derzeit im Ban, herichtet cr. Dar-tin-ter die linveiterung eines Gaskraftwerks im Zentnim des Landes, mit der Siemens bea.uftragt worden ist. Zumindest fiir Sie-mens hat sick sornit , die :yor drei Jahren von. Bundeskanzierin 'Angela Merkel und dem claroalig,en Priisidentep -Liman! Vat Adua unterzcichnete Energiepartuer-schaft gclob.nt. lien Siemens war nach einem Korruptionssicandai - der Konzern natte nigerianisehe Politiker mit runes zehnigiAidneri ges44.ert - in lin-giVide Walter), Poch *ittherweitert Sie-mens sein GeschAft in Nigeria wieder. Wean Angela Merkel (C1)C1) in der

korn menden 'I.Voche zum Kurzbesuch itt Nigeria eintrifft, will sic eM deutsch-nie-rianischesWirtschaftszentrurn eroffnert, urn auch Eon und EnTiW, die am Gasge-sch5.11 interessiert sired, einpaar Tilren offnen. Es ist der erste Kanzlerbesuch in dem Land seit rnehr als 30 jahren. Merkel wird. allerdings our einen Tiel. der Ni-geria nicht geraderepeisentativen Haupt -stadt. Abuja zo when t,(4.cornmen. Der Be, such dau et t our eine Narht and ben Tag. Abuja wurde in den 60er Jahren geplant, und fragt, was aus dem •v iclen Olgeld geworden 1st, das Nigeria

in den verpagenen $0 jabren izt Niger-delta verdrent hat, bekonunt tiler seine Antwort-. Auf. den sechssptirigerrlioule.. yards fahren die teuersten Autos berurn, end en tlang der Praelust ralkn _reiht side Pal ast an Palast.

Mit der Privatisietung der Stroinwirr-seliall sollen neben der epileptisaen Stromx ersorrimp :u Ii a dere Pt (Allemc

kunderi, deneit Rechnungen geschiclzt werden , babel' keine Stromylihler. und na türiich werden die Strontleitungen zu dem massenhaft illegal angezapft. [Cairn ein Niger' aner zahlt seine St romrech-ming. Dureli die Privai isieru rig i.7ollen die Preise um 100 oder sugar 200 Prffient steigen dOrfen. „Aber die. Leine milsSen erst einrnal eine Leistung sehen, hevor sic bereit sein werden, das auch u zah-len", sagt Ize Onyekpete. „Nigeria ist das t'inzige Land der Welt. in dem man eine Stromrechnung bekomnit, den Strom aber selbst erzeugt", sagt de r Generalse... kretdr der Jon rna us engewerkschaft Shuidu t fsman Leman, sarkaViSt'll. -Eye Onyckperc ph: noch ewers Schritt ter. „In Nigeria ist jeder seine cigene gicrung." Deno auch Mr die Wasserver-sorgungsei leder selbst zustlindig undd a-ffir, Polizisten mit geeigneten finanziel-ion Anreizen dazu2LIbringen, irn eigenen S tad tviert el zu pa trou illie ren. Doch abge: schen von all diesen Unzulanglichkeiten muss es die ricue Regierung auch mit den „mali6sen Strukturen- der Gent.,ratoren-wirtschaft aufneh men, die gut von der im - Inerwallrenden Energickrise lebt. Die Stromyersorgung wan- deshalb

in jedern Wahlkampfseit dein Pnde ckr Mi-liCirdiktatur 1999 ein Dauerbrenner. Die Regierung des neu.ge).va lien Prhsid en ten Goodiuck Jonathan misst dem Tbenia eine hope Priori UR zit, Jeremy G a ins ist op-timistisch, class die Vomrbeiten der ver-

g*.ngenen.drei jabre nun*.b.nell zu firgeb-Mssen 11lhr knuti Jpiuthommt

.fear dder ?..51forderregion Stir] en , abet N..%‘rsteht die erneuerbaren'Ener-gin", sae,ter. A bgese)te n von dem A usbau einiger Wasserkraftwerke soil es im .Nord-ostesi Nigeri2s in abs.ebbarer Zeit auch ei-idge grolk SrAarkraft-werke geben. 1)er-14'4 1.,.•••t 01; ,1• I r.

die fiir eine gTofue "111otovoltaik-Anlageer-qelli , did eide Kat)a7iGit von rend 30 Me-gawatt haben kiinntc. Otis A nyacji kalktt-liert das Potetriial kleiner Laufwasser-k raft werke an frund 14000 M.eg-..awa t t . Da mit -.kannte:n G-erneinciert Mit Strom ver-sorst Werden:dle. \Af.'itab von nationaleil Netz liep,ren, sagt er. Anyieji spricht zu-dem von rteuen Kohlekraftwerken, die

cheat-ails auf dem Wunr117;ettel der Re-gierialig, sleben. Doehprivateinvesto-ren,Urnsiezu banen,

sit/d deTzeit 110Cii Sicht.

.DaSS die deutieh-nigtrianische .Ener-gigliartntirschaft seThst Enetgicexper-ten vor Oct bisber v011ig unbekannt ist,

fuhit"-bilins nu( die I.Virren, der vergange-neniiwei Jahre zuriick. De.r Prisident Var

erkrankte schwer, monatelang wurdc Nigeria üherhaupt nicht regiert, 14 SeTin. Siellvertreter Goodluck Jona-tlian die AmtSgesehafte ilbermalun ttiid drum \var schon wieder Wahl-kampf,j)erzeit wird die neuc. Regiecurig .kon.stauka i. p'.rtt d gad). 1A,sst sick ab-

urn I wird; Denn in Nigerla,,kreist das gAnzt.L.4I}cl urn die Regierunr. sagt Gewerkse-haftet

Die

Kanzlerin

will in Abuja

Tareffner

painr Eon

Und EnBW

1)11.Z IAGFSSPI.F614, 21

v RT S

SONNTAG, TO, l .1 2011 1 NR, 3 030

GesundheitsgefOrrionder Ofeit. Fra

u' ,

roc

. krzen T

crp

iokusr a

r kc

Nohrungsrn

irt e

lz.u

.bere

irung an v

iner R

irders

tdio

n d

es u

lkonzer n

s

Sei t

Jah

r zehra

Cn

ini tgeford

- TG-, Gas ohne R

Licks

ioht ctuf

die U

ulw

,41. ah feck

el t in

Zukunf

i• sn

it n

icht nur m

i t d

euts

cher H

ilfe d

ie Gw

cwirt

sch

afr a

todern

isiv

t, .so

ndern

auch

ui e

Sa

lark

ra gcuu

Fetus Ratters

CS)

Anders, ja. Aber besser?

Der male Mann an der Spitze von Shell Nigeria "..11 t f i •11,

In -ibrer Analyse, was der Olreichtutrt in Nigeria angerichtet hat, sind sich der

alternative Nobelpreist r:iger and

Shell-Kritiker Nnimmo Bassey Lind der

Ilene Chef von Shell Nigeria, Mutiu Sun-

nicinu, nalier als sie denken Nnimmo

liassey leitet die Schwesterorg-anisation

des 11UN1) (Friends of the earth) in

Nigeria. Er beschreibt eine akologische

mist c un Nigerdelta. Olschlamm

schwappt (lurch okoiogisch sensible

Surnplphicte. r:Iundertc Leeks in. Olpi-

pelines eroeuern diese Katastrophe ste-

tig. the Lull ist vergiftei von den Lromer-

Akalirenden Feuern. seit 50 Jahren wird

das mitgeforderte

Gas an den Forder-

stellen abgefackelt.

Unt! Nlli::nschen

sind

140,:erti , arm.

r Nnimpao

Basey n

secitieit idar.. ",.,Das

61 muss irrt Poden

hlcihen. mid die

We I tge meins.chaft

solite tins ftir die-

sen Dienst am

Klinta ent schUi-

:gen."

Mutiu Stith-norm

sieht das .naturge-

m5g anders. • Aber

seine Einschatzung

der Ergebni!.-se von

50 Jahren Olforde-

rung in Nigeria ist

nicht weniger, vernich tend. Sein Land

erreicht in dem Eatwicklungsindex der

Vereinten Nationen gerade mat Platz

[42 von 169, 64 Prozent der rund 150

Millionentgetianr leben von weniger

als 1,25 Millar i'ro Tag Wad damit unter

der. LIrkd das bei einer

:42 ; 5 nen 7(159 .fLiter') Tro Tag nod

einem leis, der" jahren nahe it rl

100 Dollar pro Barrel 'hem. 1)as Wirt-

schaftswachsturn licg-t. konstant he

rnebr als Cunf Prozent. Die StaatseMnah-

men beruhen zu Prozem nut` den

Ole iniiahin -5t0-eta- YAM r- It Nigeria

fast niemand. Lind dank Wikileaks weig

seit. E.nde des verganwnen Jahres ;web

noch leder. dass-S1414 d.rfA62..te inter_ ionale Olkonzern::inaljuad, jahrzehn -

telzag his in die ...Regierttog hinein

Spione eingeschleust Mutiu

Snort:lora! Ifedetrtet das: Er muss einen. Netianfangftir Shell sehaffen.

„Me firnien

schieben

dT Verant-

), urtunt€;. auf

the Opfer ab"

Nnirruno

Urmveitsc tz.er

Sunmonu fiihrt Shell Nigeria seit Ja-

nuar 2010. Er ist der erste Nigcrianer an

der Spit 7.c und arbeitet seit 32 fahre.n bei

Shell. Und er niacin tatsiichlich e.iniges

antlers. Sunmonu isi abereetigt, rlaaa -die

01- und Gasforderung erst datin-wieder

nngestOrt Iti iglich sein -wenn sich.

the Sicherbeitslage im • Nigerdelta dent-

bessert. ,Das geht nur durch Entwick-

lung'', saw es. Die Aiinestic des Jahres

2009, tits der damalige PrAsident Umaru

Var Adua den bewaffbeteri.Milizen ange-

boten hat, ihnen einen Einstieg in ern zivi

les Leber( zu ertnoglichen,.wenti sic .ihre

Waffen abgeben, babe eine deudi-

che Verbesserung gebraclit.' Und class. in-

zwischen 31 Prozertt.det OleinnaltmCn in

den Delta-Staaten ankomtnen, finder er

ebenfulls richtig. Aber das niche nicht

taus. ,,Das ist in erster Linie die Verantwor-

twig der J3undesregierung kind der: Gou-

verneuren. stellt er Mar. Dennoch hat

Shell angefangen, nach neuen Welch. zu

suchcn. wie der •Konzernseiner sozialen

Veraniwortung in der Forderregion ge-

re_.cht wercien kann. Sunmonu berichtct

von SchulWissern, die Shell gebaut hat,

doch vom Buncleslapd. I.;_arnen -keine Mit-

tel. urn Lehrer zu bezahlen. war.

besonders .sinraNial;'" -Stattde's'sen

legs. Shell nun Fonds =far Qemeinden

auf, die ihnen.gerneinSam.,zur Ntrftigiing

stehen. Dann milssen sieh 46:-.Ktuzimu-.

nen our auf ein Projekt, verrAndigeri

niic Gemeinden, berichtet'Sunmani.Vha-

ben ihr Geld aunt F3eispiel in Boole inves-

tiert, um den Olorbeitern Wassertaxis auf

den Wegen durch das Delta anbieten zu

konnt-,n,

Augerdern versucht Suntormit, mit ei-

ner 'Thinsparenzollensive wieder Vcr-

trauen in win Ijnternehmen zu schaf-

Fen. Seit einigen Wochen veraffentlicht

Shell selbst s5mtliche gemeldetcn

leeks irn Nigerdelta and berichtet iihet

die Sanierung und Freigabe durch die

Behorden. Shell behauptet seit Jahren,

dass etwa drei Viertel der Leeks 'auf

Sabotage oder Oldiebstahl zurtielczufah-

ren seien. Diese These weist NI-Limn-Jo

BLISS ey zuruck. sind Manche

Pipelines m.ehr als 40 Jahn: alt. Aus

seiner Sicht ilbertvachen die OLkon-

acme ihre 'Pipelines nicht ausreichend

and seien ,,so verantwortungslos wine .h

nod je- Und wean er hart, die (.51-

sclalannulticher warden sa.niert, lacht

Bassey our. Die Sanierung bestehe Warn-

116 einfaCh darin, dass Einheirnisehe iii

Gunarnistiefeln und mit Eimern losge-

I

27 ovp. TA( H'.61:

•

^

AC., Id_ it.IJ Zell

„Zuerst

muss die

Regierung

ihren MOH

aufbringeu”

Nfutiti Surtnionu,

CM Shell Niger ia

schiekt werden. Oft

'nw 4;1.)1

melt vergebco, ”die

niclus libcr 61-Le-

ck.agen wissen". Die

Olfirinen würdeu

die verantwortung

schlicht auf die Op-

fer abschiebeti,

whimpft E3assey.

Dasselbe

• las Abfackeln von

01. Mutiu Stinrnoritt

• rgumentiert, dais

Shell nor so schnell

Gassarnuielaniagen

ballet; konne, wie

die Regierung ihren

Investitionsanteil da-

tbr au fb tinge. Shell

hat zWar die Be-

triebs fiThrung 1iIr

die Olforderu_ng irn Niger-Delta nod Off-

shore voider Kiiste des Golfs von Gui-

nea, die Oiforderge.sellschaft ist jedoch

ein Cetneinschaftsunternehruen von

Slaen and dein nigerianischen Staat.

Nut hat dieser Staat das Abfackeln

schon 1928 verboten. Die Strafzahlun-

gen fur die Beibehaltung der Praxis tellen

sicb Shell und der Stan seit Jahrzehnten.

Nnintrno Bassey hat daftir Itch; VerAand-

nis. Zurnal Shell das Gas ja auch vermark-

ten korinte. Augesichts der Energi<.,krise

irn Land wird das Gas dringend zur

Strainproduktion gebrancht. Ilitsi.icldieh be-

treibt Shell here.iti ein grofks Gaskraft-

werk. Doch die Gasfbrdening irn grogen

Stil hat in Nigeria noch gar nicht began-

ne:n, obwohl das Land Ober die siebt grog

ten Gasreserven der Welt verftigt.

DAG ari vit PR

N. 21030 SONNTAG Id itni 1 20.1i

Page 1 of 1

Van:

Verzonden: dinsdag 8 maart 2011 19:33

Aan:

Onderwerp: Ter informatie: persbericht over arrestatie van Sunny 0. ivm verdenking van mensensmokkel

NIEUWSSERVICE VAN RADIO NEDERLAND WERELDOMROEP

Editie: Nederlands Nieuws

Dit nieuwsoverzicht is samengesteld op basis van nieuws dat in de afgelopen 24 uur

is geselecteerd voor de radio-uitzendingen en de WereldKrant van Radio Nederland

Wereldomroep in Hilversum.

Deze editie is gepubliceerd op:

maandag 07 maart 2011 21:20 UTC

** Marechaussee pakt Nigeriaanse activist op

(-..)

* Nigeriaanse activist aangehouden wegens mensensmokkel

De Koninklijke Marechaussee heeft twee weken geleden de in Nederland wonende

Nigeriaanse activist Sunny O. aangehouden. Hij wordt verdacht van betrokkenheid bij

mensensmokkel en valsheid in geschrifte. Het Openbaar Ministerie heeft dat tegenover

de Wereldomroep bevestigd na berichten hierover in de Nigeriaanse media.

Volgens het Openbaar Ministerie ontstond de verdenking tegen O. al in 2009, toen hij

op Schiphol een man en een vrouw uit Nigeria opwachtte. Deze man werd bij de

paspoortcontrole aangehouden, omdat de vrouw op een paspoort reisde dat niet op haar

naam stond. De vrouw deed later aangifte van mensenhandel. De mensenhandelaren

zouden haar onder bedreiging van voodoopraktijken in de prostitutie in Italie willen

dwingen.

0. is de oprichter en voorzitter van de Hope for Niger-Delta Campaign, HNDC. Die

organisatie komt op voor de belangen van bewoners van de Niger-delta in Nigeria,

waar onder meer Shell olie wint. O. woont zestien jaar in Nederland en heeft ook de

Nederlandse nationaliteit, nadat hij als asielzoeker het land was binnengekomen.

Eind januari trad O. nog als getuige op in een hoorzitting van een Kamercommissie

over de rol van Shell in de Niger-delta. In december begeleidde hij SP-Kamerlid

Sharon Gesthuizen op een onderzoeksmissie in de regio. O's advocaat Valerie

Vallenduuk-Bobeck kan inhoudelijk niets zeggen over de zaak, omdat O. in beperking'

zit. Ze heeft gevraagd om opheffing van deze maatregel.

29-6-2012

Van:

Verzonden: maandag 18 april 2011 12:57

Aan:

Onderwerp: Nigeria's Daily Independent van 18/4 over de PIB

PIB still awaiting NASS passage

The outgoing National Assembly (NASS), third session of the Fourth Republic, may have failed to pass the

Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB) into law despite intensive lobbying by the Executive. Senior

Correspondent, Adeola Yusuf, reports that the country loses over $120 billion investment in one year to

the non-passage.

On Monday, February 21, President Goodluck Jonathan repeated his usual announcement that the all-

important Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB) would be passed into law before the end of his administration. Before

this day, the President, who was willing to make the passage a part of his election campaign points, had for

the umpteenth time declared through the Minister of Petroleum Resources, Diezani Alison-Madueke, that the

bill would become a law before December, 2010.

"I have directed continuous collaboration between government and the legislature to drive the passage of the

PIB before the end of this administration," Jonathan, who spoke through the Presidential Adviser on

Petroleum, Emmanuel Egbogah, said.

But the Senate dashed the hope of the Executive on the passage when it shelved the passage of the Bill to

Tuesday, March 15, after failing to form a quorum. Deputy Senate President, Senator Ike Ekweremadu,

who presided over the debate in the absence of Senate President, David Mark, said the Senate would not

be blackmailed into passing the bill by protesting charlatans.

Senator Ekweremadu, remarking after the submission of the report of the Senate Joint Committee on PIB by

Senator Lee Maeba, however, gave the assurance that the bill would be passed before the end of the sixth

Senate.

Page 1 of 3

He said: "We are responding to our sense of responsibility and not to any text messages. I hear that some

charlatans were here yesterday to protest the delay in passage of the bill. I know the amount of work we have

put in the PIB in the life of this Senate. We are determined to pass it."

The non-passage of the PIB appears to have stalled investments totalling $120 billion, according to

the international oil companies (I0Cs). Speaking at the 9th Nigeria Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition

in Abuja, the erstwhile Regional Executive Vice President of Shell Exploration and Production, Africa, Ann

Pickard, disclosed that passage of the PIB with provisions contained therein would make further

investments in Nigeria 's deepwater uneconomic and result in loss of $50 billion in investment.

Meanwhile, investigation by Sunday Independent revealed that the totality of potential investments in the

country's oil and gas sub-sector that have been put on hold may be in excess of $120 billion. Some

outstanding oil and gas projects have since been either deferred till 2014 or indefinitely owing to

uncertainty over the prevailing fiscal terms as contained in the bill. Some of the projects affected by the

non-passage of the PIB include Shell's Bonga SNV, which has been cancelled.

Another is Total's Egina, which its Invitation to Tender (ITT) was scheduled for 2010. Others include

Chevron's Nsiko, where there is still no information on what is going on and Mobil's Bosi, the ITT of which was

also scheduled for 2010.

Moreover, it was gathered that due to the seeming impasse over the PIB, discussions to expand the

production capacity of the NLNG through construction of trains seven and eight may have also been put on

hold by the 10Cs pending determination of issues surrounding the fiscal regime.

If collectively executed, the expectation is that these projects have the capacity to ramp up Nigeria 's crude oil

production capacity to over four million barrels per day and Liquefied Natural Gas to about 70 million metric

standard cubic feet (mmscf) per annum.

Two years ago, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporations (NNPC) alluded to mounting loss of revenue to

the country in a statement. It noted that the country was losing additional revenue of $287 million in accruals

to government from the three Production-Sharing Contracts (PSCs) monthly that goes by without the non-

passage of PIB.

Production Sharing Contract (PSC) is a policy designed to transfer exploration risks and funding of exploration

and development efforts on new acreage to the interested oil companies.

The essence of PSC is that NNPC engages a competent contractor to carry out petroleum operations on

NNPC's wholly held acreage. The contractor undertakes the initial exploration risks and recovers his costs if

and when oil is discovered and extracted.

Under the PSC, the contractor has a right to only that fraction of the crude oil allocated to him under the cost

oil (oil to recoup production cost) and equity oil (oil to guarantee return on investment).

Even though the Senate was able to pass three other bills without forming quorum, the senators refused to

consider the PIB on the excuse of poor attendance and lack of time to consider the report.

29-6-2012

Page 2 of 3

Senator Anyim Ude, PDP, Ebonyi, urged the Senate to expedite action on the PIB before the expiration of the sixth Senate in order to ward off harassment from Nigerians.

He said: "I agree that the bill should be passed before the end of live of the Senate because of the sheer blackmail we are receiving. We should fix a day to pass it, I feel some people are doing something funny with the bill."

Senator Abubakar Sodangi, PDP, Nasarawa, argued that a full day be devoted to the bill to get all the senators to participate in passing the bill.

While Senator Satty Gogwim, PDP, Plateau, in his contribution, argued that the bill was shelved due to the absence of the signature of the chairman of Senate Committee on Gas on the report. He said: "In the signature column, the signature of that of gas is not here. As far as this bill is concerned, the committee is not complete."

Following the deferment of the passage of the Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB) by senators in Nigeria's upper legislative chamber, a civil society group operating under the aegis of African Network for Environment and Economic Justice (ANEEJ) has called for early passage of the bill.

Their concern and subsequent clarion call for its early passage is not unconnected with the decision of the Senate which ordered that the bill be re-presented for consideration on Tuesday, March 15 on the ground that the bill does not have the signature of the chairman, Senate Committee on Gas, Senator Osita lzunnaso. The Executive Director of the African Network for Environment and Economic Justice (ANEEJ) and Coordinator of the Civil Society Campaign on the PIB, Rev. David Ugolor, said the passage of the bill is critical to the development of the sector.

In a statement he signed made available to newsmen he lamented that, "by deferring the consideration of the PIB for the umpteenth time, the Senate has again delayed the process of breathing fresh air into Nigeria's oil and gas sector.

Meanwhile, prior to the ongoing elections, major stakeholders have called on the NASS to harmonise various versions of the PIB before it and perhaps pass the bill before election primaries. The reason for this was not far-fetched as Nigerian politics was so primitive and time-consuming that there was no way the top actors in government could concentrate on governance at the heat of the pre-primary elections.

It is interesting to state that some very senior members of the Senate Committee on Petroleum (Upstream), including its chairman, Senator Lee Maeba, among others, have lost at their party primaries and may not return to the Senate. As it stands, if not passed before May, it is evident that the new legislative session will be characterised by lobby and intrigues which may kill the bill eventually unless the President trades its adoption for other juicy packages. The Chief Executive Officer of Tilone Subsea Limited, Stanford Tassie, believed that the legislative time remaining was too short. He, however, noted that if the present administration could use the limited time to pass the PIB and also put structures in place to implement the Nigerian Content Law, then it would have made a remarkable achievement in the oil sector.

Delays have put billions of dollars of potential investment on hold, and while many stakeholders are concerned that it could increase the cost of operating in the oil industry, there is growing appetite for closure on the reform process.

The Head of London-based PM Consulting, Anthony Goldman, said, "there is no certainty as to how a new system might improve transparency." "But more and more people seem to be saying that any law would be better than no law at all. The many stakeholders may not like all elements of new legislation in whatever final form it emerges, but they like the current uncertainty even less," he said. Another stakeholder who preferred not to be mentioned said only PIB could activate Nigeria 's oil and gas industry. "I don't know why they are delaying the bill. It can be passed within two months because it had gone far before the Christmas. So, what they need is the political will to pass it and damn the International Oil Companies (I0Cs)," he said.

He pointed out that the NASS members who have lost out may not attend future legislative sessions. He said this development may affect the formation of quorum and also hinder the passage of the bill during the life of this present administration.

He noted that survival of the power sector would greatly depend on oil and gas sector. "The power sector depends on gas. So, once the oil and gas sector is activated and gas becomes available, the power sector will be stimulated," he said.

The confusion surrounding the signing of the PIB into law and the pervasive pessimistic outlook on the April general elections have triggered the latest crisis of confidence among suppliers and investors in the $12 billion gas supply contract for the Brass Liquefied Natural Gas project. The promoters of the project, which was conceived more than five years ago, will not seal the deal because they are not certain if the fiscal terms that the PIB will eventually recommend will favour an investment of such magnitude.

The importance of PIB to the Nigeria 's multi-billion dollars oil and gas industry makes it imperative for the NASS to pass it. All stakeholders, however, have the responsibility to make easy, the efforts of lawmakers on the smooth passage of the bill.

29-6-2012

_um,-

yam

Page 3 of 3

29-6-2012

Van:


Aan:

Onderwerp: Thisday: National Union of Petroleum and Natural Gas workers demands Federal Govt.

intervention in oil blocks sale

NUPENG Demands FG Intervention in Oil Blocks Sale

National Union of Petroleum and Natural Gas workers (NUPENG) has handed down a 14-day ultimatum to

government to halt the sales and transfer of oil blocks by Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC);

failing which it threatened to shut down the entire oil and gas industry. The union alleged that the sale and

transfer of oil blocks by Shell to Nest Oil, Conoil etc was done without following due process, noting that the

union was not carried along in the transaction.

General Secretary of the union, Comrade Elijah Okougbo, who made the union's position known in a petition

to the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Labour and Productivity, Engr. Anthony Ozodinobi, alleged that the

union was deliberately sidetracked and kept in the dark in order to prevent members of the public from

knowing anything about the deals and transactions, which lack transparency. Consequently, the union is

demanding among others that President Goodluck Jonathan compel the new Minister of Petroleum

Resources to look deep into the transactions for the transfer and sale of oil blocks by SPDC and other

companies.

The union also want government to set up a stakeholders committee involving NUPENG and its senior staff

counterpart - the Petroleum and Natural Gas Senior Staff Association of Nigeria (PENGASSAN) - to review

the transfers and sales of oil blocks as a drive towards ensuring transparency in the extractive industry. The

letter reads in part: "Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) arising from the conflict in the Niger

Delta which culminated in the attack of its personnel and the vandalisation of its facilities onshore and the

general upbraid of its activities by Niger Delta oil producing communities, has sold its oil blocs, flowstations,

well head locations, and other assets onshore in the Niger Delta to the highest bidders viz, Nest Oil, Conoil,

etc without following the due process.

"At the moment controversy is trailing SPDC's oil bloc's sales, as the NNPC is claiming that as a joint venture

partner it would take over as the new operator. Nigerians were told that four oil blocks earmarked for sale by

SPDC attract over one billion dollars each. "The problem now is that any transaction for such oil blocks needs

the intervention of our Union and the consequent negotiation and approval of the majority shareholder — the

Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation.

"If our prayers are not considered in line with the seriousness of the issues raised within fourteen (14) days

the oil and gas industry will be visited with a nation-wide industrial action to drive home our demands," the

union declared.

-Shell International B.V.



Office: Carel van Bvlandtlaan 16, 2596 HR The Hague - NL

Internet: htto://www.shell.com

29-6-2012

Van:


Aan:

Onderwerp: 'Thisday': NPDC Moves to Acquire More Oil Blocks

NPDC Moves to Acquire More Oil Blocks

The Nigerian Petroleum Development Company Limited (NPDC), an upstream subsidiary of the Nigerian

National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) may acquire two additional oil blocks relinquished by International Oil

Companies (I0Cs).

Page 1 of 1

Oil giants, Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC), Total E&P Nigeria, and

Nigerian Agip Oil Company Limited (NAOC) had recently announced the sale of their 45 percent interest in

the onshore block Oil Mining Lease (OML) 40 to an indigenous Nigerian oil firm, Elcrest Exploration and

Production Nigeria Limited.

Group Executive Director, Exploration and Production, NNPC, Mr. Andy Yakubu confirmed the development

last week at the Annual General Meeting (AGM) of NPDC in Abuja, but did not give details.

He said: "We have been working on acquisition and it is public knowledge that some of our IOCs have been

relinquishing their oil mills which we are interested in to develop their capacities and boost operations of

NPDC but we cannot do that without the approval of the Federal Government."

Yakubu stated that arrangements to that effect were in progress, even as he said the deal was subject to the

approval of the Minister of Petroleum Resources, Mrs. Diezani Alison-Madueke.

"We will review details of the acquisition including the number of oil blocks to consolidate our portfolio, of

course, NPDC participates in international oil trade just like any other oil company and we have to continue to

evolve measures to sustain our self financing stance," Yakubu added.

Meanwhile, NPDC has reported a pre-tax profit of N15.5 billion for the 2009 financial year. The profit was part

of the company's increased total revenue of N200.38bn in 2009 against N118.4bn that was garnered in 2008,

representing a 69 per cent rise in revenue from previous financial year.

Yakubu who disclosed that NPDC's current crude production stood at about 2.5 billion barrel as a result of the

relative peace in the oil rich Niger Delta region, said its crude oil lifting from the Okono Terminal during the

period under review was 21,051,604 barrels, while lifting from the Forcados Terminal was 938,934 barrels,

putting total lifting at 21,990,538 barrels or 86 per cent increase over the total oil lifting of 11,812,625 barrels

in 2008.

"Total revenue increased by 65 per cent from N118.4bn in 2008 to N200.38bn in 2009. Also, profit after tax

increased by 89 per cent from N8.2bn in 2008 to N15.58bn in 2009. These results clearly showed a marked

improvement on the performance of 2008," he said.

According to him, NPDC recorded increase in crude oil production in the 2009 financial year despite the

security situation in the Niger Delta. "Notwithstanding the security situation in the Niger Delta region, NPDC

produced an average of 60,855bpd, representing 54 per cent increase compared to an average of 39,639 bpd

in 2008. Total equity production was 22,212,062 barrels, an increase of 70 per cent when compared to13,

080,092 barrels produced in 2008," Yakubu added.

While explaining the content of NPDC's financial records for 2009, Yakubu said: "In the NNPC/Shell Joint

Venture fields, an average of 5,732 bpd was produced compared to 5,788bpd in 2008. Similarly, gas

production in 2009 was 26,989 million standard cubic feet per day (scfd) compared to 16,396 million scfd in

2008, of which 24,758 million scfd was flared mostly in Oil Mining License (OML) 119 offshore. However, the

project to commercialise OML 119 gas is ongoing and concept selection concluded."

29-6-2012

Van:

Verzonden: dinsdag 19 april 2011 15:48

Aan:

Onderwerp: 'Vanguard': Shell restates commitment to Nigerian Content development

Shell restates commitment to Nigerian Content development

Page 1 of I

Multinational oil and gas company, Shell Petroleum Development Company, SPDC, Nigeria Limited, has

stated that it is committed to the full realization of the Nigerian Content Act, adding that the company and its

subsidiaries had invested over $693 million over the past year alone to drive the process. The Country Chair,

Shell Companies in Nigeria and Managing Director of SPDC, Mr. Mutiu Sunmonu, who disclosed this in an

address at the commemoration of the first anniversary of the Nigerian Oil and Gas Content Development Act,

in Abuja, however, noted that the company was facing a challenge with the high targets set by the

Nigerian Oil and Gas Content Development Act due to limited in-country capacity and fiscal regimes.

Sunmonu noted that Shell companies in Nigeria have actively been supporting local companies and

recognized the need for local content development "even before the phrase became a concept."

According to him, "SPDC indeed played a pioneering role in the development of both local businesses and

human capital. Our drive is not only motivated by the need to support the aspirations of the Federal

government.

"The simple fact is that transferring skills and technology to Nigerians is an integral part of what Shell

companies in Nigeria do. Why? Because it makes good business sense for us. By developing a skilled

Nigerian workforce, we lower costs over the long term while contributing to a more prosperous Nigeria, which

is good for the country and good for business."

He noted that Bonga, Nigeria's first offshore deep-water operated by one of Shell's subsidiaries, SNEPCo,

was an example, adding that the operation helped create the country's first generation of engineers with

deep-water experience.

"It is important to note that there are only a handful of locations around the world with expertise in this

technically challenging environment," Sunmonu observed.

He added that, "In 2010 alone, we awarded contracts worth nearly $693 million dollars to Nigerian

companies. This represented more than 93 percent of the overall number of contracts and amounted

to over 94 percent of the total amount we spent on contracts." He noted that even more important than

awarding contracts, Shell companies believe that wholeheartedly that training is fundamental to sustaining

Nigerian content development, adding that by December, 2010, the companies had trained about 1900

service providers in general contracting processes as well as developing eight local dredging

companies.

The group, he stressed, has awarded ten post-graduate scholarships to three top universities in the United

Kingdom and has sponsored research programmes in five Nigerian universities for core technical skills in

geosciences including offering sabbaticals and students internships at their offices in Port Harcourt to

introduce new concepts in underground evaluation techniques and in use of latest technologies.

Sunmonu pointed out that SPDC and SNEPCo also collaborated with the United Kingdom Trade and

Investment group to organize a trade mission in London during which over 20 Niger Delta vendors met with

150 British companies in an effort to help foster partnerships, adding that to date, ten partnerships have

emerged from the effort.

He said the group was willing to do more, but noted that there were challenges with high targets set in the

Nigerian Content Development Act with regards to the limited in-country capacity and fiscal

regimes."It is our hope that the Federal government will release the appropriate regulations that

would guide the full implementation of the requirements of the Nigerian Oil and Gas Content

Development Act," he said.

29-6-2012

Van:

Verzonden:

Aan:

CC:

Onderwerp:

Gevoeligheid:

Bijlagen:

donderdag 19 mei 2011 13:23

Nigeria/versiag Shell/SHY.; oil spill management stakeholders workshop dd 12 mei 2011

; evt afspraken voor lunchlezing Shell/SPDC over CSR in Nigerdelta.

Vertrouwelijk

Speech MD Shell, 12 mei 20110001.pdf; Shell in Nigeria briefing note oil spills, mei

20110001.pdf; Verslag oil spill management stakeholders workshop, 12 mei 2011, Port

Harcourt.doc

Speech MD Shell, Shell in Nigeria Verslag oil spill

12 mei 201100... briefing note... management s...

Collega's,

1) Bijlagen ter vertrouwelijke informatie. Daaronder goed verslag van die

amens ambassade aan hogergenoemde workshop deelnam.

I.v.m. installatie pygmalion volgt wellicht later nog een samenvatting en aanvullend

commentaar per blaw.

Als het verslag en/of overige documentatie van deze zeer nuttige bijeenkomst jullie

aanleiding geeft tot behoefte aan nadere info of analyse, laat dat dan even weten.

Deelnemerslijst is beschikbaar. VK en VS-amb waren eveneens uitgenodigd, maar lieten

dit (helaas)aan hun voorbijgaan.

Wij zullen bij voorbereiding van onze ronde tafels dankbaar van verkregen inzichten en

opgebouwde contacten gebruik maken.

2) Geef jullie in overweging om van Shell/SPDC uit te nodigen voor een

gesprek en zo mogelijk ook een iunchiezing op BZ over milieuproblematiek in de

Nigerdelta en het door . geleide Shell/SPDC's Corporate Social Responsibility

beleid in Nigeria. is in de dagen na Pinksteren in Nederland, hil neemt o.a. op

woensdag 15 juni van 12.00 tot 14.00 uur deel aan de door DDE

georganiseerde lunchlezing over het Cassave+ PPP-programma van DADTCO/IFDC, waar

Shell/SPDC inmiddels fors aan bijdraagt in Rivers State.

Shell/SPDC werkt bij die participatie nauw samen met de Rivers State Sustainable

Development Agency o.l.v. -(daartoe door Shell/SPDC voor een paar jaar

uitgeleeend aan Gouverneur Amaechi van

Rivers) en -zal ook van de partij zijn. is ook als milieueconoom van

Shell/SPDC interessante gesprekspartner voor jullie; hij was hiervoor als rechterhand

van MD Shell/SPDC bijv nauw betrokken bij milieu- en PR-kwesties in o.a. Ogoniland en

aanloop naar UNEP-onderzoek,

Mede in verband met andere nog te maken afspraken in week 24 voor,

en mezelf hoor ik graag uiterlijk volgende week jullie reactie.

Groet,

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1

kind resulting from the risks inherent in the electronic transmission of messages.

2

Welcome Remarks by_the Managing Director of SPDC/Countr/Chair Mr. Mutiu Sunmonu at

the Oil Spill Management Stakeholders' Workshop_ Held in Port Harcourt on May 12, 2010

r

Let me begin by thanking you for finding time to attend this workshop on oil spill

management,

I'd like to begin by sharing a little bit about our footprint. SPDC's operations take place in the

Niger Delta. We hove a network of over 6,000 kilometres of {towlines and pipelines, 90 oil

fields, 73 flowstations and two major oil export terminals at Bonny and Forcados, \Ailhile the

scale of these operations is extensive, they only actuolly utilise about 30,000 square

kilometers of the total area of the Niger Delta ,

The demand for energy is going to continue to increase. According to the International

Energy Agency, global demand for energy could double in the first half of the century. This

will be driven by a rising global population 9 billion compared to today's 6.5 billion or so -

and especially by economic growth in the developing economies. Meeting the world's

growing demand for energy will require investment in all energy sources, from oil and natural

gas, to biofuels, nuclear power, solar and wind. At the some 'time, we must urgently tackle

environmental issues, which are growing as the world's need for energy increases. Today's

workshop will focus on addressing oils spills, a challenge that is of great concern to our

operations in the Niger Delta.

The tragic events in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 are a reminder of the huge exposure oil

companies face in their daily operations and why we invest so much time and effort in

planning and executing our activities responsibly. This includes preventing incidents that harm

people and the environment, and preparing to deal effectively with any that may occur.

Unfortunately, following the Gulf of Mexico incident, the international media put SPDC in the

spotlight by comparing spills in the Niger Delta to the Gulf of Mexico disaster. There is

absolutely no basis for such comparison.

The truth is that the great majority of spills in the Niger Delta are the result of third party

interference, mainly theft of equipment, deliberate sabotage or leaks caused when thieves

drill into pipelines or open up wellheads to steal oil. On average, such third party interference

has accounted for more than 70% of all oil spilled from SPDC facilities in the delta over the

last five years. When you combine this with the effects of illegal refining, the results are

significant.

Regrettably, the rest of the volume has been caused by operational failures such as

equipment failure and human error. This figure is heavily skewed by one major spill in 2008

at Inarna -which had its root cause in sabotage. I am sure you will have a chance to discuss

that further later. No operational spill is acceptable. SPDC recognises that we must improve

our performance in this area and we are working very hard to do so. We will be sharing

some of our efforts with you during this workshop. We also recognise the importance of

restoring the environment, no matter who or what caused a spill. In the course of today's

sessions and discussions, we will share our oil spill statistics, our response processes, our

clean up and remediation efforts and the compensation process. All efforts not withstanding,

prevention of oi.,:.trational spills is key to our operations. I would like to first share some of our

endeavours.

„

iin,;>tre Nernbe Creek Trunkline, We made more than 100 temporarily abandoned wells in Ocioniland more tamper-proof and replaced 132 kilometres of pipelines and flowlines in addition to the 318 kilomeiies we replaced in 2009.

We have also firmed up projects to clear the backlog of preventive and corrective maintenance octi,..ities that had built up during the period of militancy along our entire pipeline neiwoil,, The programme is scheao.Hri for completion by December 2011. We am committed to being more transparent in our reporting of oil spills, In January 2011„ we launched a public'. website which tracks our response to, and investigation and ck..ah-up of every spill from SPDC '.vhetner caused by operational failure cr sabotaac find the URI. for the site in the There are also photographs and icyht

reports, including a summary of each spill and the actions we are taking. 1 cm sure you will visit the website after this workshop..

I will leave my colle.jues to talk in more detail about the various areas I have just mentioned, But 1 before I conclude I'd like to leave you with one important rriesdar.., No matter how much we improve our performance, until the activities of the oil thieve,, and the illegal refiners are brought to an end, the vast majority of oil spills will continue. We will continue to do our best to mitigcrte the impact of these spills from our facilities and sometimes from those of third parties but there has to be a rea change in the efforts to stop thes.i (R.tri,}ties once and for all

I sincerely hope that by the end of this workshop, we will be able to generate ideas that will promote partnership and enhance our overall environmental performance. I strongly believe that successful cooperation between SPDC and all its stakeholders is vital to fulfilling Nigeria's energy potential responsibly and we look forward to listening to your ideas and

comments on how we can improve this situation together.

Thank you

Mutiu Sunmonu

Managing Director, Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Ltd and Chairman, Shell Companies in Nigeria

SHELL IN NIGERIA

ENVIRONMENTAL

PERFORMANCE

- OIL SPILLS

The Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria limited

(SPDC) is committed to cleaning up all spills when they occur

as fast as possible, no matter what their cause. The great

majority of spills in the Niger Delta are the result of sabotage

or due to leaks caused when thieves drill into pipelines or

open up wellheads to steal oil and natural gas liquids. On

overage these two causes accounted for more than 70% of

all oil spilled from Shell facilities in the delta over the last five

years (2005.20091 We regret that the rest of the volume

comes from operational failures, sometimes when repairs in

sabotaged lines fail.

Sometimes individuals or groups in communities or armed

gangs deny us access to spill sites. For some, this is because

they are angry or worried about the impact on their land

and lives, Others want clean-up contracts and greater

compensation. Whatever the reason, such delays increase

the impact of the spill significantly, SPDC is working in these

very difficult circumstances to improve its performance,

reduce the number of spills under its control and to maintain

the oil production on which the Nigerian economy depends.

Spill performance in 2009

The total number of spills in 2009 was 132„ against the

average between 2005 and 2009 of 175 per year Thieves

or saboteurs spilled about 103,000 barrels from SPDC

facilities in 95 incidents an average of one spill every four

days. This accounted for almost 98% of the voilurne of oil

spilled during the year..

Most of the oil was spilled in two incidents. At the (Midi field

in Delta State, thieves trying to steal the oil from a wellhead

caused a blowout that spilled an estimated 78,000 barrels

before a specialist well control company was able to briny it

under control aher 98 days The thieves had vandalised safety

valves that would normally allow the emergency response

team to shut off the flow of oil very quickly.-The specialist

contraur)rs hod to creole and maintain a safe zone to work

white contending with changing conditions such as wind

direction, tidal movements and security concerns from

militants. Initial quick action by SPDC limited the spill to the

immediate surroundings of time well and almost all of the oil

was recovered

A further estimated 18„500 barrels was spilled in the se,:„-and

major incident on the Trans Escravos Pipeline which was

attacked by saboteurs who set off five explosive devices along

the line

Elsewhere, the Saku gas plant in Rivers State remained closed

for most of the year following repeated damage to

a pipeline carrying condensate a natural gas liquid.

The plant was shut in November 2008 to repair the line,

and reroute the condensate to reduce opportunities for theft.

SPDC found more than 300 illegal taps in the pipeline,

some right up to the perimeter fence where thieves can take

advantage of higher pipeline pressure to steal more The

environmental damage has been extensive and the affected

areas are being restored.

During the year about 2,300 barrels pi incidents) were

spilled due to operational failures such as corroded pipelines,

equipment failure and human error More than 72,000

barrels of spilled oil was recovered in clean up operations.

Community activities delayed SPDC access to more than a

quarter of the spills holding up work for over 300 days

Revised 2008 data

We update our published spill data each year to take into

account incidents for which spill volumes cannot be certified

by the independent joint inspection team in time for the onnua.!

reporting exercise. We have revised the 2008 oil spill data to

include the results of investigations concluded in.2009 ills

lei:lodes only one significant incident in November 2008 at

Iriama in Delta State in which (about 44 000 barrel-, were

spilled. This has its origins in 2006 when SPDC carried out

repairs on a pipeline at lriomo that hod been damaged by

thieves attaching taps and valves. in November 2008. those

repairs failed and triggered a small leak of 30 barrels

The team returned to repair the line again but, during th5-,

work, a mistake was made causing on expbsic):1 Tragically

seven workers died in the resulting fire and more oil was

spilled. This single incident almost doubled the amount omf

spilled during the year These updated figures are imsluded

in the graphs in this publication

ENV1RONMiNTAi PERFORMAtiCt

Investigating spills

When an oil spill occurs, a joint investigation team KO -

including representatives from Impacted communities. the

cause. and volume of the spill as fast cis possible. Where

investigations show that spills were within SPDC's control

to prevent; SPDC then negotiates compensation with the

affected landowners. In 2009, SPDC pad more than $4

million in compensation, as well as providing dean water

and food to affected communities where needed. Nigerian

low does not require payment of compensation in cases

of sabotage

Cleaning up spills

Whatever the cause, SPDC i5 committed to stopping and

containing all spills, recovering and cleaning up as much oil

as it can and restoring sites in compliance with regulations

We have researched and adopted a technique for restoring

land sites impacted by oil spills that we believe to be effective

for the soil and climate conditions in the equatorial heat of the

Niger Delta. For heavy spills, we add nutrients that stimulate

the natural microbes in the sail. These feed on the remaining

oil and break it down. Once clean-up is complete, the work is

inspected, approved and certified jointly by the government,

communities and SPDC inspectors

Since 2005 SPDC has been dealing with an average of 175

spills a year, stretching its remediation teams. In 2009; we

remediated and certified 143 spill site A further 439 sites

remain in various stages of completion. We could not

complete the remerhation of six remaining pre.2005 spills

sites because of access difficulties and community issues.

We are constantly looking at ways of improving our ability

to cope with this rising incidence of spills, driven by theft

Number of ail spills/year

and sabotage. We have created a new integrated fulitirne

oil spill response team bringing together staff working in

environment, !eclat engineering proctor-tr.:n community

a new approach and more people assigned to the task

will help us to respond more quickly and help deal with

the backlog.

To prevent operational spills we operate a programme

designed to ensure that equipment and infrastructure are

kept in good condition. In 2009 we replaced 318 kilometres

of pipelines and flowlines the pipes that curry oil from the

wells to processing facilities. All of SPDC's major facilities

have been independently certified to international (ISO

14001) standards, and are verified through regular

independent assessments and audits

We also have pipeline and asset surveillance contiocis

with communities to ensure we discover and react to spills

as quickly as possible More than 9,080 people ore

employed at this,

Reporting

SPDC publicly reports its environmental performance and

spills that have taken place in publications and on the web

However, the security dangers in the delta mean we can't

always access spill sites safely and this sometimes delays

investigations

More information on the operations of Shell companies in

Nigeria can be found at shellnigeria.com

Volume of oil spills lbarrels)/year

Van:

Verzonden: vrijdag 11 februari 2011 15:42

Aan:

Onderwerp: Zembla tv uitzending over Shell Nigeria op 12 febr., aangevuld met het laatste nieuws

Bijlagen: 12-02-2011 Vuile Olie van Shell.pdf

29-6-2012

WALE OM VAN SHELL- ZATERDAG 12 FEBRUARI 2011

Hoorzitting

De Tweede Kamer,hield kort geleden een hoorzitting over de activiteiten van Shell in Nigeria, mede naar

aapleiding van de ZEMBLA ultzending write Olio van. Snell Uit funl 2010. ZEMBLA-verslaggever Thomas Blom

werd door KamerLeder' .gevraagd paar zip ervaringen in Nigeria. Ram vijftig jaar haalt Shell daar olie uit de grond .

Door olielekkages zijn akkergronden en Viswateren erpstig-VerViiitd. De hevolking is het zat. Shell schept volgens

de .beWOners van de Nigerdelta geed njkdoni, maar arrneede en draagt bij aan.do.cerifiicten in de regio. ZEMBLA

filrnde de praktijken van Shell en sprak rriet de lokale beOlking.

po. z.EMi3tA-aftevering 'De vuile olie van 'Shell', a.anttaande zaterdag 12 febniar1 orn 22.•35 uur bij de VARA op

Nederland 7: over Olie, geld en onm.acht.,

De oge.n.yan de Weteld.Waren wekentang gerkht op de Golf van Mexico, waar BP een oUetek prObeerdete stoppen,

:•diep cinder het zeeoppenitak. Ondertussen voltrekt zich • in de Niger Delta, het zoidelijke deel van Nigeria, at Vijftig

•jaar een -olieramp.Sinds de olierriaatschappijen- daar hun jatht op olie.begonnenOs er naar Scliatting 1,5 miljoen

on obe over de landbouvigronden en in de moerassen gestrOpind. Die VerVidling geat'onverminoped deor, De

bevolking wit dat het eindelijk stopt en richt zijn woede op Shell De Leiden& Nederlands/Britte 011egigant maakt

miljardep whist, maar Wordt ervan beschuldigd milieu en mensenrechten op te.offeteri..2EMBLA trok naar de Niger

Delta en zag de praktijken van Shell.

Twintig Iekkages in een jaar

Kingtleythinda, commissaris milieuraken van de Nigeriaanse provincie Rivers State, is dpidelijk: 'De WOO van de

bevotking komt voort uit de manier waarop de olieinaatschappljen te werk voorbeelden hiervan treffen we

in de 'bele 'Niger Petta.aan ip het dorpje Jk4 toont dorpshoofd B. Mole de tWiritigste lekkage in een pat tljd,

veroorzaakt door oude en gebrekkige pijpleidingen van Shell. In poi, .een dorpje midden in•het kwetsbare

beitagebled, ligt de 'tqWe olie nog op de oevers van de kreken, terwijl Shell het volgens inWener Eric B.arizaa. als

opgerdimd beschouvit, De Iris is verdwerien, samen met bet mingrOvebos. Het drinkWater is aangetast, de kinderen

van het dorp tpelen in hetipet olle bedekte Water.

GemeentCtiap VerSCbieurd

Nqnderd kilometer verderop stuiten we op een verlateri dOrp. De 15.000 inwoners zijn weggetrokken, op een

handvol na. 7ij,vertellen hoe Corifticten uitbraken doordat Shell haar betalingen Wok over de Verartride

gerneerisChap:i.terdeelde, maar aan enkete individuen gaf. Een gevaarlijke handelswijzei oirtdat het daarmee de

gemeensChap..intoex) .%;foltCh.ei.irt; Dat weet oak Shell zelf, Yager* oud-Shell adviseur S. Braide:..'le zijn er bij

VersChillende btjeeniointteri op gerVezen. 'Oak een intern rapport uit .20p3 bevestigt het. De ttrild escaleerde met

tientallen doden tot geVolg. Het plaatsje ligt. er ultgestorven blj, terwijl Shell pal naast het dorp6rwerrninderd

doorgaat rriet bet OPPOMPen van de kostbare olie. Kingsleythinda: 'Last ze op een humane manier Whist tnaken.

Levens 'zijn.belangrijker dariWinits

Het geweten van de.pelisicierifonciteri

Ondertussen presenteert Shell prachtige winstcijfers in Den Haag en Wept bet bestuur de aandeelbOyders,

waaronder grote pensioenfondsen, ervap te oVerttrigen dat e Op. een nette, duurzame manier werken in Nigeria.

Rick van der Ploeg, hoogleraar econornie can de oxford University, vraagt zich af of de penSioenfondSen de ellende

die de otiewinning met zich nieehreitt, Wet np.htingeweten witten.hehben: 'ids de aandeelhouderS echt eens door

de Niger Delta gaan topen, cons. zien water met de lokate bevciiking gebeurt, dan vraag ik me af of je je nog zo

comfortabel voett met het hebbep van die aandeettles StielW •

Research: Sanne Baer.

S•amenttelling en regle: Thomas Blom.

Eindreciactie: Kees Driehuis.

ZEMBLA: 'De voile olie van Shell', a.s. zaterdag 12 februarl om 22.35 our 14 de VARA op Nederland 2 (deze

aftevering was eerder te zien op 13 juni 2010, maar is aangevuld met de laatste ontWlickelingen).

6

31 december:2011.RUwe olle uit de Atlantlsche Oceaan vlakbij het dorp Oroblrl, afkomgig van een Shell:platform

Vertrouwelijke Arnerikaarise arnbtsberichten

verhelderen veel over loyal Dutch Shell. Uit '

dui zenden cables blijkt, dat de olie-.en gaswinning zich

vaak afspeelt in een context vol corruptie en sores geweld.

DOOR MARCELNIETZE

10 OKTOBER 2003, Abuja, hooffistacl van Nige-

ria. Rick Roberts, tweede man van de Ameri-

katuise ambassade, schrijft een ambtsbericht

over de mu-ust rond de oliestad Want aan de

westrand van de Niger. Delta. Hij kwalificeert

het als fvertrouwelijk' en deels als `geheirn'. Zijn

rapporteurs zijn near Warri gereisd en hebben

dear onder weer gesproken met Tony Obuaya,

het regionale hoofd beveiliging van Royal

Dutch Shell. Deze heeft hue uitgebreid verteld

over de rnilitaire acties die sinds aupistus 2003

in de streek gaande zijn, met bet doel.militante

groepen (die hier heer en meester zijn) terug te

dringen, orde en rust te herstellen en de stil-

14 DE GROENE AMSTERDAMMER 19.01.12

gevallen oliepmductie weer op gang te krijgen.

Veel re-sultaat hebben die acties nog niet opge-

leverd, aldus Obuaya en andere informanten.

Het leger heefLhonclerden soldaten gestatio-

neerd-bij vier of vijf pompinstallaties van Shell,

dat is alles. 'Dew noteert Roberts, Is

grotendeels door Shell betaald: En hij voegt

als eigen commentaar toe: 'We weten met of

Shellt hoofdkantoor zou instemmen met Obua-

-ya's Openhartigheid maar diens voortdurende

gbbria van het woord "wij", de details the hij

gaf over de nulitaire planning, en a.ndeie obser;-

vetie.§iran'onze ripporteurs laten overtifigeti-el

zien da:t'deze beveiligingsmanager :van 'Shell/

Nigeria in .Warn in nauwe verbinding staat met

hogere officieren van de Joint Task Force (het

leger - mm) als het gaat om oliezaken en de

inzet van militairen

Het hogere Shell-management in Nigeria is

vast en zeker nietblij geweest met Obuaya's los-

lippigheid. Het concern ziet het beveiligen van

zijn installaties officieel als teak van de natio-

nale en regionale autoriteiten. Shell-personeel

mag geett wapens dragen, ingehuurde veilig-

heidsclienstentnogen in geval van nood hooguit

een beperkte aanval van rebellen afslaan. In de

praktijk is dit niet houdbaar; blijkt uit systema-

tisch onderzoek van de Ameriltun.se diploma-

tieke ambtsberichten die via WiltiLealts sinds

november integraal op bet internet zijn in te

zien. Als Shell wil dat het Nigeriaanse leger

zijn beveiligingstaak waarmaakt, moet het geld

op tafel leggen. Niet een keer, meat- volgens de

diplomatieke cables regelmatig.

In 2006, na een reeks ontvoeringen en snel-

bootaanvallen op olie-installaties in de. Niger

Delta en in de Golf van Guinee nemen de frus-

tratie.s van 4 plaatselijke Shell-managers toe.

Het leger doet veel te weinig, vinden ze. Met

name de Bonga en de Sea Eagle, die tachtig zee-

mijlen uit de kust, ten zuidwesten van Wart,

olie uit het diepzeeveld Bonga pompen, zijn

uiterst kwetsbaar. Deze Floating Production,

Storage & Offioading-schepen - tankers met

installaties-ybor het scheiden van olie, water en

gas - Zijn bij een eventuele aanval van rebellen

zo goad als onhoudbaar.2 In juni 2000 schrijft

de .Amerikaanse consul-gerieraal • in Lagos:

'Shell-contacten laten ons weten dat bet bedrijf

van plan is om voor enkele miljoenen dollars

aan bitten en uitrusting aan -het regeringsleger

te verschaffen om de' beveiliging van de instal-

laties te versterken:Viermaanden later spreekt

de ambassade in Abuja een adviseur van con-

current Chevron: -.Shell-mensen- hebben deze

man toevertrouwd dot hun concern het Nigeri-

aanse leger ook direct geld geeft.3.

Een twee- jaar, - later, in juni 2008,

krijgt de 'bernaiming van de Ppso Bonga een

waarschuwing: er zijn zes snelboten met rebel-

len onderweg: De stalenveiligheidsdeuren gaan

dicht. De aanval Mishkt,:- de rebellen weten de

laatste deur niet -open te, branders. Een week

later (lost Shells. yice4piesident voor Afrika,

Ann -Pickard,' verslag aan de Amerikaanse

ambassadeur;RobinRenee Sanders (een zwar-

te vrouw). De Nigeriaanse marine had maar een

boot gestuurd, vertelt ze. Die was riazeventieh

uur gearriveerd, lang na afloop van de aanval;

en moest door het personeel van de Bonga van

brandstof en voedsel worden voorzien om terug

te kunnen varen. Kart daarop ontrnoet Pickard

een paar Nigeriaanse 'parlementariers. Shell

moet zelf maar zorgen voor 'de beyeiliging van

zijn installaties, vinden zij.' •

Andere oliemaatschappijen betalen het leger

om militaken op hun platforms te stationeren.

Shell heeft dit tot nu toe geweigerd, uit angst

om geassocieerd te worden met eventuele men-:

senrechtenschendingen door die militairen (die

inderdaad nog wel eens slordig willen -zijn);

Maar na deze aanval, laat Pickard de Ame-

rikaanse ambassadeur weten, zal -Shell deze

terughoudendheid magelijk laten varen.4 • •

DE AMERIKAANSE diplomatieke berichten

waarin Shell figureert, komen van ambassades

en consulaten in Irak, Iran, Nederland, Nigeria,

Rusland, Syria, Turkije, Venezuela en vele ande-

re landen. Ze vormen een actualisering van het

historische beeld van de olie-industrie, zoals dat

eerder is beschreven door de Britse historicus

Anthony Sampson (1975) en de Amerikaanse

auteur Daniel Yergin (1991). De winning van

aardolie en -gas speelt zich nogal eens of in een

conflictueuze context, vol maditsstrijd, machi-

naties, corruptie en soms ook wapengeweld.

Royal Dutch Shell, de meest muhinationale van

de oliegiganten, heeft alle 122 van zijn levens-

jaren in dit soort contexten geopereerd. Het

concern heeft de wereldoorlogen meegemaakt,

de Koude Oorlog, tal van regionale conflicten,

revoluties, opstanden, militaire coups, burger-

oorlogen, oliecrises, noem maar op. Het heeft

geleerd hoe het deze uiterst turbulente omstan-

digheden kan overleven en er (soms veel) geld

in kan verdienen. Het heeft veel ervaring opge-

dun met het manoeuvreren in het vage grens-

gebied tussen beschaafd en onbeschaafd zaken-

doen, informatie en desinformatie, constructie

en destructie, pblitiek en geweld.

Dat ging met schade en schande, Shell heeft

smetten op zijn reputatie niet altijd weten ts

vermijden. Het gaat nog altijd met schade en

schande. Het aantal landen met een redelijke

rechtsstaat is in de afgelopen eeuw toegetio

men, maar er blijven er oak aardig War vv*

zakkenvullerij, onrecht en onderdraiddng

boventoon voeren. Shell presenteert zichzelf

tegenover zijn westerse klanten en aandeellicr-

ders graag als een verlicht bedrijf met Meat-

schappelijk verantwoorde standpunten. Deie

fraaie bovenwereld rust op een keiharde ender-

grand, laten ook deze cables weer zien. In som-

mige landen kan het concern alleen opereren

onder bescherming van geweren en door bet

begrip 'steekpenningen' .op te rekken naar de

plaatselijke maat. En altijd en overal blijft olie

big business, waarin men onderhandelingen op

het scherp van de snede [met voeren, en gepokt

en.gemazekl moet zijn in het bespelen van emb,

teciaren en politici. •

kdit sttikkozneil rond de dertig Shell-Cables

in detail aan de orde. In totaal zijn er in het

Shell is machtiger dan de NigeriaanseTegerin.g,

suggereerden. enk.ele

krantenkoppen.

WikiLeaks-bestand rand de tweeduizend. Ze

laten zien dat de Amerikaanse ambassades en

consulaten voor Shell en andere olieconcerns

(en vermoedelijk ook voor andere multinatio-

nals) fungeren als draaischijwn in de uitwis-

seling van allerlei vertrouwelijke, soms zeer

gevoelige en persoonlijke informatie. Door de

aard van de contacten heeft die informatie veel-

al betrekking op weten regelgeving, concessie-

verlening, politieke verhoudingen, velligheid,

samenwerking met overheden, enzovoort. Shell

ziet zichzelf als een apolitiek bedrijf, maar uit

de cables blijkt dat de omgang met en beinvloe-

ding van politici en bestuurders tot het dage-

lijkse werkbehoort. Olie is politiek.

Zeker ook in Nigeria. Dit land werd in 1960

onafhankelijk en in 1963 een federate republiek.

Meteen kwamen onderliggende regionale span-

ningen tot uitbarsting. In ruim de helft van de

daaropvolgende halve eeuw heerste een militair

regime. Sinds mei 1999 kent het democratisch

gekozen presidenten, maar het blijft em van

de meest conflictueuze en corrupte landen ter

wereld. Shell exporteerde zijn eerste olie van-

uit Nigeria in 1958. Zijn belangrijkste dochter

Shell Petroleum Development Company (sane)

draagt een misleidende naam, want 55 procent

is in bezit van NNPC, de Nigeriaanse staatsolie-

maatschappij, die door KPMG in een rapport

van 2010 wordt geschetst als uiterst inefficient,

ondoorzichtig en frauduleus.5

Shell doet de bedrijfsvoming van SPDC maar

houdt slechts dertig procent (de overige vijf-

tien zijn van Total en het Italiaanse Em). Het

diepzeeveld Bonga, sinds eind 2005 in produc-

tie, wordt geexploiteerd door een consortium

waarin Shell wel een meerderheid heeft. De

staat profiteert via'een production sharing con-

tract mee. Daamaast produceert Shell in Nige-

ria vloeibaar gas (ism). Shell Nigeria komt voor

in een vijfde van de hick onderzoclite cables (zie

leader). Deze bestrijken de periode van 2001 tot

2010 en zijn won] gebaseerd op gesprekken

met managers van Shell en andere oliemaat-

schappijen, politici en vertegenwoordigers van

MOSOP (Movement for the Smvival of the Ogo-

ni People) en MIND (Movement for the Eman-

cipation ofthe Niger Delta), regionale bewegin-

gen waarvan vooral de tweede ontvoeringen en

geweldcladige acties Met scluiwt. {

Wat blijkt eruit? Om te beginnen dat er wel

wat reden is voor nuancering. Toen de cables

eind 2010 bij de mainstream media beland-

den (in Nederland bij het NOS Journal, IITL

Nieuws en NRC Handelsblad) maiden die nog-

al opgewonden van een uitspraak van Shells

Afrika-coordinator Ann Pickard. Deze had in

oktober 2009 tegen VS-ambassadeur Renee

Sanders gezegd dat Shell bij alle relevante Nige-

riaanse ministeries eigen mensen had gedeta-

cheerd een term die de media gretig opbliezen

tot `geinfiltreerd' - en dus prima wist wat daar

speelde. Shell is machtiger dan de Nigeriaanse

regering, suggereerden enkele krantenkoppen'.6

Dat ligt toch lets complexer. De decennia

oude contacten hebben ongetwijfeld tot uit-

wisseling geleid van Shell-medewerkers die bij

de overheid zijn pan werken en omgekeerd.

Maar Shell, valt uit de cables op te maken, heeft

die lijnen jarenlang onderbenut en zich sterk

gericht op oud-generaal Olegosun Obasanjo,

een gematigde democraat die in mei 1999 na

een lange periode van dietatuur tot president

werd gekozen. Shell is bij uitstek een gouverne-

mentele lobbyist (zo weet ik uit de geschiedenis

van het concern, die ik thans onderzoek). Het

concern had een directe lijn naar de president

en kon via hem de olieambtenaren en de mana-

gers van staatsoliemaatschappij NNPC gemak-

kelijk passeren - wat trouwens een prijs had: de

president wierp wel eens oliebrokken toe ann

zijn getrouwen, ten koste van Shell.

Toen Obasanjo in mei 2007 plaatsmaakte

voor de islamiet Umaru Yar'Adua, was Shell zijn

shortcut naar de top kwijt. Begin 2008 bezocht

Afrika-coordinator Pickard de (toen kersverse)

Amerikaanse ambassadeur Sanders. Ze klaagde

dat Shell nu moest 'worstelen om invloed op de

nieuwe regering te houden' en zijn wag moest

zien te vinden in deondoorzichtige Nigeriaanse

bureaucratie. Dus hoezo infiltratie? Tussen

deze klacht van Pickard en hair stoere bewe-

ring 'onze mensen zitten overal' liggen ander-

half jaar. Moeten we geloven dat Shell in die

korte tijd tot diep in de Nigeriaanse bureau-

cratie heeft weten door te dringen? Natuurlijk

19.01.12 DE GROENE AMSTERDAMMER 15

niet. Waarschijnlijk is het concern zijn slapende

contacten in de ambtenarij na het vertrek van

Obasanjo gewoon wat actiever gaan benaderen.

In hoeverre dat is gelukt, valt niet te beoorde-

len. Het contrast tussen Pickards beide uit-

latingen doet in ieder geval vermoeden dat zij

de positie van Shell tegenover de VS-diploma-

ten soms wat zwakker schilderde, dan weer wat

sterker, al naar gelang haar doelstellingen. De

Amerikanen hadden dat wel door. In een corn-

mentaar omschreef hun consul in Lagos haar

eens els 'an experienced political operator in oil

and gas,' een ervaren politieke speler.7

ER ZIJN MEER redenen om het beeld van de

oppermachtige manipulator te nuanceren.

Shell probeert politici te b_ einvloeden, is uiterst

opportunistisch, aarzelt niet om boven- en

ondergronds inlichtingen te verzamelen (in de.

Nigeriaanse cables spreekt Ann Pickard over

een transcript van een door de Russen afgeluis-

terd gesprek en contacten met Israelische veir

ligheidsagenten)s. Maar het is zelf ook onder-

hevig aan politiek spel.

Neem de kwestie-Sachalin II. Medio 2005

meldde het concern dat dit grote olie- en gas-

winningproject, op het gelijknamige eiland aan

de oostkust van Siberie, Met tien maar twintig

miljard dollar aan initiele investeringen zou

vergen. Volgens het production sharing agree-

ment zou Shell die kosten eerst mogen terug-

verdienen, dan pas zou Rusland mee gaan delen

in de opbrengsten. Indertijd verldaarden Shell-

managers de kostenverdubbeling pit over-

optimistische planningen en het g-ebruik van

verouderde geologische gegevens (op zich een

rare fout voor een concern dat zich juist in geo-

logie specialiseert)9. In een cable van septem-

ber 2006 uitte de Amerikaanse ambassadeur

William J. Burns het vermoeden dat er meer

aan de hand was. Zijn medewerkers hadden

tijdens een bezoek aan Sachalin gehoord van

veiligheidsproblemen (een achttiental dodelijke

ongevallen). Volgens een insider, schreef

Het onderzoek

Eind 2010 citeerden enkele kranten en

media in Europa en de Verenigde Staten uit

vertrouwelijke Amerikaanse diplomatieke

ambtsberichten, waar de organisatieWilti-

Leaks de hand op had gelegd. Ze visten

enkele trenten' uit de meer dan 250.000

cables. Daarna ebde hunbelangstelling

weg. In september 2011 belandde het hele

bestand op Internet. Onderzoeksjournalist

Marcel Metze, die werkt aan een boek over

Royal Dutch Shell, haalde hier met hulp

van researchers alle tweeduizend cables

uit die naar deze multinational verwijzen.

In ruim vierhonderd daarvan speelt Shell

een hoofdrol. Dit artikel vormt de weerslag

van het onderzoek naar de inhoud.

De noten verwijzen naar de betreffende

cables, en zijn te vinden op www.groene.n1

16 DE GROENE AMSTERDAMMER 19.01.12

Burns, 'is dit een onmiskenbaar teken van ande-

re, dieper liggende problemen. (...) Mogelijk is

het management van Sachalin II vanwege de

tijdsdruk en de schaalgrootte van het project

(er waren op dat moment zo'n zeventienduizend

waiters bezig - mm) niet goed in staat she

onderaannemers in de gaten te houden:

En er speelde nog een management-

probleem. Shell moest de kostenstijging

zomer 2005 openbaar maken op grond van

de publicatieplicht jegens de aandeelhouders.

Maar een paar dagen eerder had het staatsbe-

drijf. Gazprom een belang van 25 procent in

Sachalin II genomen. Door de kostenverho-

ging werd dat belang ineens een stuk minder

waard. Deze knullige timing blijkt een gevolg

van slechte interne conununicatie. De groep

die de onderhandelingen voerde met Gazprom

en de groep die verantwoordelijk was voor de

publicatie van de kostenoverschrijding hadden

elkaar met tijdig geinformeerd, zo gaf een hoge

Shell-ftmctionaris later tegenover Amerikaanse

diplomaten toe'°

Het gevolg was een e.norrne, wijd gepubli-

ceerde rel. De Russen waxen woedend en al

snel bemoeiden president Vladimir Poetin en

vice-premier Aleksander Medyedev, die tevens

Shells soms wat al te grote

zakelijke egoceritrisme

duke ook op in de cables

over Irak

vice-voorzitter van Gazprom was, zich met de

zaak. Toen Poetin op 1 en 2 november 2005 op

staatsbezoek in Nederland was, opperde Shell-

cEo Jeroen van der Veer een herziening van het

production sharing agreement. Maar de Russen

waren nooit enthousiast geweest over dit type

contracten, dat dateerde uit de jaren negentig,

toen Rusland nog armlastig was en buiten-

landse investeerders nodig had. Poetin vond ze

`koloniaar en ging niet op het herzieningsvoor-

stel in. De onderhandelingen met Gazprom

sleepten nog altijd voort toen Medvedev in de

zomer van 2006 een bezoek aan Sachalin II

bracht en zag dat de start van de ra•ro-productie

naderde. Kort daarop greep de Russische rege-

ring een negatieve milieu-inspectie over een

deel van het project, aan om de algemene pro-

ductievergunning in te trekken en legde een eis

van tien miljard dollar wegens milieusthade op

tafel niet toevallig het bedrag van de kosten-

overschrijcling.n

Vermoedelijk heeft Japan - als toekornstige

grootafnemer van het gas uit. Sachalin - de

doorslaggevende rol bij de afwikkeling van het

conflict gespeeld. De Japanse minderheids-

partners van Shell in het project (Mitsui en

Mitsubishi, sarnen 45 procent) waren compleet

verrast door de publicatie van de enorme kos-

tenstijging, zo vertelde een topambtenaar van

Buitenlandse Zaken later aan de Amerikaanse

zaalcgelaStigde te Tokio. Toen Rusland de ver-

gunning introk, liet de Japanse regering Mos-

kou weten dat het stilleggen van Sachalin II een

diplomatiek probleem zou geven.

Maar de Japanners wilden geen al te hoog

spel spelen. Op 15 december 2006 kwamen de

CEO'S van Shell, Mitsui en Mitsubishi, topman

Alexei Miller van Gazprom en energieminister

Viktor Khristenko in Moskou bijeen voor de

slotonderhandelingen. Shell accepteerde intus-

sen dat Gazprom een belang van vijftig procent

plus een in Sachalin II zou krijgen. Twee dagen

voor de topconferentie zette Gazprom ineens

extra druk,cip de ketel door haar bod te verlagen

naar 2,6 miljard dollar, een voor Shell onaccep-

tabel niveau. De Japanners avildeia dit accepte-

ren, uit yrees de toegang tot toekomstige olie-

en gasprojecten op SaChalin te verspelen. Ook

Shell zou dus overstag -rnoeten. Toch had het

concern nog een kaart in de moues Topman

Chris Finlayson van Shell Rusland vertelde

VS-ambassadecir Burns dat men interventie

door derden op hoog niveau' had gezocht. Wie

dit was/waren, bleef ook voor de Amerikanen

oiabekend, mogelijk de, Japanse premier Abe,

die een direct telefoongesprek met president

Poetin voerde. Het geVolg was in ieder geval

een forse verhoging van het bod naar 7,5 mil-

jard dollar, zodat Shell tegenover zijn aandeel-

houders geen gezichtsverlies leed.12

SHELL SPEELT snel in op veranderende politieke

oinstandigheden, zo blijkt uit de cables rond

Sachalin II. Toen Vladimir Poetin na zijn her-

verkiezing in 2004 de greep van de staat op de

geprivitiSeerde energiesector wilde heroveren,

nam het concern zelf het initiatief om Gazprom

bij het project te halen en rich zo te voorzien

van politieke delcidng. Maar achter deze stap

lijkt **al opportunisme schuil te zijn gegaan.

Op Neel inzicht in de Russische gevoeligheden

Ran men Shell niet betrappen. Zo noteerde de

Amerikaanse ambassadeur tijdens het conflict

dat het concern de steun van de regionale over-

heid op Sachalin, aan het verliezen was, maar

dat niet in de gOten had.

Welbeschouwd was de oorspronkelijke

fmancide constructie rond Sachalin II al niet

bijster ,',handig, Concurrent Exxon had een

soortgelijk production sharing agreement met

de Russet': voor het project Sachalin I. Dit con-

cern hield zijn it-Adele kosten in de hand en liet

de. Russen bij de start van de productie meteen

een stukjeaneeproflteren. Shell deed het tegen-

Overgestelde: nadat het Gazprom binnenboord

had gehaald, moesten de Russen meebetalen

voor kostenstitingen die deels door het zwakke

projecticianageMent van Shell waren veroor-

zaakt. Zoiets moet wel kwaad bloed zetten.19

SHELLS SOMS WAT al te grote zakelijke egocen-

iris me duild ook op in de cables over Irak. Na de

Amerikaans-Britse bezetting in 2003 stortte de

olieproductie daar in. Pas tegen 2009 was het

land stabiel genoegAroor het nitgeven van nieu-

we coneessies (veelal voor bekende, stilgevallen

velden). Shell zat op het vinkentouw, net als veel

andere oliebedrijven trouwens.14 In 2008 sloot

het bedrijf met de Iraakse regering een voor-

lopige overeenkomst voor een project bij Basra.

Een joint venture van de staat en Shell zou fak-

kelgas bij een olieveld aldaar gaan opvangen, de

helft in Irak zelf verkopen en de helft in vloei-

bare vorm naar Europa transporteren. Via deze

deal zou Shell zich een (tijdelijk) monopolie

op gasgebied verwerven en hij leidde dan ook

tot scherpe kritiek van andere olieniaatschap-

pijen kritiek die binnenskamers ongetwijfeld

vergezeld is gegaan van bet verhaal dat ook in

een cable van de Amerikaanse ambassade in

Damascus, Syria, belandde, namelijk dat twee

zonen van de Iraakse olieminister Hussein al-

Shahristani een bean bij Shell hadden (niet

door trtij nader geverifieerd - wren).''

Bij de (r)entree in Irak kon Shell overigens

leunen op Nederlandse politieke ruggensteun,

die in dit geval ook wat voorstelde. Die' steun

bleek vooral uit het fait dat het concern - terwijl

het wachtte op toegang tot Irak - zijn activi-

teiten in Iran kon voortzetten, ondanks toene-

mende Amerikaanse druk om zich uit dat land

terug te trekken. De VS boycotten Iran zoals

bekend wegens het nucleaire programme, maar

de Nederlandse regering sprak zich nadruk-

kelijk uit tegen sancties die de activiteiten van

Shell zouden beperken. Aangezien de VS belting

hechtten aan de Nederlandse deelname aan de

oorlogen in Irak (tot 2005) en Afghanistan wil-

den ze kennelijk de druk op Shell niet alto hoog

opvoeren.

Daartegenover stond natuurlijk dat ze

invloed hadden op Shells kansen in Irak. Hoe-

wel ik die invloed niet concreet in de cables heb

aangetroffen, yak op dat de activiteiten van

Port Hoipoiirt Nigeria

Shell in Iran en Irak zich verhonden als com-municerende viten. In mei 2008 zag het conr

cern of van een (nog te ontwaltkelen) gasproject

in Iran.' Kart &lamp sloot het de al genoemde

gasdeal in Iralt.• Pas nadat het eind 2009, begin

2010 toegang had gekregeii tot twee Iraakse

olieyelden maakte het eind september 2010 bekend zich helemaal uit Iran terug to trek-

ken. Het is vast geen toeval dat Nederland iijn

militaire missie in Afghanis:tin kort tevoren

had beeincligd (augustua 2010) en daardoor als

014i-eke steunpilaar wegviel.'6

TERUO NAA11.410ERIA,waar de nationale rege-

ring -ondanks vela miljaiden aan. olie- en gas inkoinsten almaar niet in staat blijkt bet land tot eVenwichtigewelvaart te brengen. De cables

latenZien dat Shell door zijn verwevenheid met

clit'abOMinabele regithe in.het afgelopen decen-

Muni steeds dichter naar de grensgebieden van

geweld en corruptiewerd getrokken. Waar slant

fmaricile steun voor de eigen militaire bevei-

liging om in steun aan onderdrukking van de

Oevolking? Shell lijkt dit vraagstuk vooral to

.zien als een reputatierisico, niet als een Raider

menteel (bedrijfs)ethisch-themes Starker, toen

Shell-medewerkers in 2008 in Irak werden

gewaarschuwd voor de enorme corruptie in dat

land antwoordden ze dat ze `de rijke ervaring

van het bedtijf in andere cOrrtipte cultureir,

zoals Nigeria als een voordeel beaehouwden.'7

Na bestudering van de cables is niet in to

zien waar dit zelfvertrouwen op rust, want Shell

heeft in Nigeria enorme problemen. De boven

beschreven ontvoeririgen en andbobtaanvallen

van begin 2006 richt-ten riCh direettegen deze

oliemaatschappij en niet tegen andere. Hoogte-

punt was een Ontvoering van negen medewer-kers (een van Shell iel4 de rest van contractors)

. ... _ . . . op 18 febinari .2006 en het in brand •schieten,

diezelfde dag, van het belangrijke Forcados

laadstation aan de }rust van de Niger Delta, dat

veivolgeti vele rilaariden gesloten bled. , .,. ... .„.... „.

..- De ArrierikainSe --diPlarnatieke cables over

Shells optreden in de Niger Delta in de jaren

20032009 - torten ';1374t het concern het spoor

volledig bijster .Wai.'_,tiet wilde zijn verstand-

hOuding met de leefgenieensClaappen van Ijaw

en Ogoni verbeteren door allerlei maatschap-

pelijke irryesteringen; dQotbegdddeling f 'en door directe.- gesprekken.,1gaar intussen. weir

geide het een dOOk het parlernent opgelegde en door het federaje heoggerechishof'beVestigde

vergoeding wegens milieuschade aan de Ijaw-

gemeenschap te betalen, en handhaafde het

zijn nauwe verbinding met het leger en met

de. .nationale staat. Door deie tWeeslatlitighei

bleef de regioitale beti011cing Shell viantrouwen.

Dirt bleekbijVOOrbeeld toen president ObasanjO

in het voorjaar van 2006 met veel fanfare een

plan voor • inaistsehappelijke • investeringen en.

nieuwe barren • in &Niger Delta • aankotidigde.

De presentatie weal bijgeWoond door talrijke

regeringsfunctionarinsen en ook door Shell; dat

het plan- fmancieel Steunde.• Maar .devertegenr

woordigers van de lokale gerrieenschappen; van

hulpverleningsorganiSaties en ook van andere

oliemaatschappijen -bleven goeddeels weg. De

meeste-wegbliiVers vonden het, plan ongeloof-

waardig, aldus een Arnerikaanse cable met een

uitgebieid verslag van deze gebeurtenis.18

Shells verbinding met de NigeriaanSe staat

is met name in de jaren 2007,2009 alleen maar

nauwer geworden; De- cables' inelden dat het

concern toen onderhandelde over een lening

van liefst twee kikiljani dollar aan zijn partner, staatolietheatsakippij NNPC; die door-de comr •

binatie van-. region-eel geweld,- productie-uitval

en wanbeleid:jn. financiele problemen was

c gekomertlyeigeren:was in de ogen van ShelE geen optie, Want de .Chinezen zouden . dire '

bereid zijn de2elkrink'Overte nemen, iritereard

in ruff voor oliedonCeSties.19. : • -Eind 2006. cireuleerden — zoals wel yak& ..

gernchten dat Shell Nigeria zou *Men verlaten.

De omstandigheden Warenzo knoeilijk dat er

maar weinig ,te verdienen vial. In 'e'en- gesPrek

te Lagos, medio . december, wees een topniana.- ger van een ander oliebedrijf de Amerlaanse

consul-generaal erop • dat zo'n vertrek zeer

onwaarsehijnlijk was. • Staatsoliemaatschappij

urrc was niet in staat de Shell-activiteiten over

te nemen. En Welke buitenlandse olieniaat-

schappij wilde nu in de gevaarlijke Niger Delta

werken? In oktober 2009 ging Shell-czo Peter

Vo-ser op bezoekbij presidentYar'Adua, die hem

veriekerde dat hij niet nit was op nationalisatie

van de olierindustrieof het binnenhalen van de

Chinezen. Of het van deze ontmoeting aihing, is

that bekend, maar Shell bleef inderdaad. Ken-

nelijk zijn de bates voor het concern in Nigeria

nog altijd groter dan de lasten.a0 •

Research: Reiner Bijnzan en Martyn Deibel

19.01.12 DE GROENE AMSTERDAMMER 17

Documents

Page 1 of 1 - Bigwobber · communities in Bodo, Ogoniland • John Vidal in Bodo • quardian.co.uk, Wednesday 3 August 2011 11.07 BST • Article history The impact of an oil spill