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Plasmodium Falciparum & Plasmodium Vivax

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Common Names

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

Malignant Tertian Malaria Benign Tertian Malaria

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Habitat

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

The Plamodium falciparum lives in it'shost's body and stays in the blood

stream

Plamodium vivax is a unicellulareukaryote. It is a heterotrophic

organism that attacks red blood cells.This organism is asexual. ThePlamodium vivax lives in it's host'sbody and stays in the blood stream

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Host

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

two types of hosts are required, aninvertebrate, in which the parasite

reaches sexual maturity and avertebrate where asexualmultiplication takes place.. In turn, theinvertebrate is deemed the definitivehost and the vertebrate, theintermediate host.

Two different types of hosts .A definitive host provides nutrition to

the parasite. Humans act as definitivehosts where the asexual cycle occurs.An intermediate host helps intransference from one definitive hostto the other. Mosquitoes (only femaleAnopheles) are the intermediate hosts

where the sexual cycle occurs.

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Infective Stage

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

Sporozoite stage Sporozoite stage

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Mode of Trasmission

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

Biological through arthropods Biological through arthropods

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Diagnosis

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

Ring & gametocyte stages only Ring, trophozoite, schizont &gametocyte stages

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Clinical Manifestations

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

cerebral malaria, anemia,hemoglobinuria, acute respiratory

distress, low blood pressure, acutekidney failure, metabolic acidosis, andhypoglycemia.

rare uncomplicated infection, flu-like.6-10 hrs fever, chills, sweats,

headache, nausea, vomiting, bodyached, and malaise.

Flu-lik symptomsFatigue

DiarrheaChillsNauseaEdemaBouts of Fever

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/flu_like_symptoms.htmhttp://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/flu_like_symptoms.htm

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Treatment

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

AntimalarialArtemisinin-based combination

therapy (ACT)

Non-ACTs -sulfadoxine-pyrimethamin withchloroquine

chloroquineprimaquine

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Prevention and Control

Plasmodium Falciparum Plasmodium Vivax

protection against the biteschemoprophylaxisImmediate medical attention

Asking

protection against the biteschemoprophylaxisImmediate medical attention

Asking

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Epidemiology

P. Falciparum and P. Vivax

geographically most widely distributed cause of malaria.Gametocytes are the sexual-stage parasites thatinfectAnophelesmosquitoes and mediate the onward

transmission of the disease. Gametocytes are poorlystudied despite this crucial role, but with a recentresurgence of interest in malaria elimination, the study ofgametocytes is in vogue. Human host immune responses,antimalarial drugs, and drug resistance influencinginfectiousness to mosquitoes is reviewed. control measures

reduce malaria transmission, such as mass drugadministration and a transmission-blocking vaccine, shouldbe better deployed.

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