Jat Punye.writersBiography

23rd July, 2013.

1. The list of the writers.

Novel:

Frankenstein by Mary Shelley

Short stories:

The Nightingale and the Rose- Oscar Wilde

The Eyes Have It- Ruskin Bond

Lamb to the Slaughter-Roald Dahl

Poems:

The Fog-W.H. Davies

Wandering Singers-Sarojini Naidu

Macavity, The Mystery Cat- T.S Elliot

I Sit and Look Out –W.H. Whitman

Drama:

The Proposal- Anton Chekhov

Mary Shelley (Frankenstein)

Mary Shelley

Background of the Writer

Mary Shelley was born on 30 August 1797. She passed away on 1 February 1851. She was an English novelist, short story writer, dramatist, essayist, biographer, and travel writer, best known for her Gothic novel Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus (1818). She also edited and promoted the works of her husband, the Romantic poet and philosopher Percy Bysshe Shelley. Her father was the political philosopher William Godwin, and her mother was the philosopher and feminist Mary Wollstonecraft.

5 Works of the Writer

1. Mathilda (1819)

2. Valperga; or, The Life and Adventures of Castruccio, Prince of Lucca (1823)

3. Posthumous Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1824)

4. The Last Man (1826)

5. The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck (1830)

Common GenreIn her works, Mary Shelley often used the Gothic genre.

Oscar Wilde (The Nightingale and the Rose)


Oscar Wilde's is a rich and dramatic depiction of the human during Victorian Era of the late 19th century. He was born on October 16, 1854 and died on November 30, 1900.He worked as playwright, novelist, poet, and editor. He wrote many short stories, plays and poems. Although he is a talented and versatile writer, Wilde only wrote one novel during his lifetime which is “The Picture of Dorian Gray,” (1891). After writing in various genres throughout the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early 1890s.


1. A woman of no importance (play)2. An ideal husband (play)3. The teacher of wisdom (poem)4. The selfish Giant (short story)5. The devoted friend (short story)

Common Genre

Oscar Wilde’s major contribution is in plays. He is stared as one of the greatest playwrights of the Victorian Era. He wrote and produced nine plays during his lifetime.

Ruskin Bond (The Eyes Have It)


Ruskin Bond was born on 19 May 1934. He is an Indian author of British descent. He has many short stories collection and Sahitya Academy has given him award for his work, Our Trees Still Grow in Dehra. After that, he was awarded the Padma Shri in 1999 for his contributions in children’s literature. He still alive and continuing his literature works.


1. Funny side up2. Dust on the Mountain3. Garland of Memories4. A Season of Ghosts5. The Death of Trees

Common Genre

The genre Ruskin Bond used in his literature works are narrative genre and a slightly paranormal kind. His writing has given the chill and fear for the readers. Besides that, Ruskin also manifests a deep love about the nature and people. He does mesmerizing the beauty of Himalayas.

Roald Dahl (Lamb to the Slaughter)


Roald Dahl was a British novelist, short story writer, poet, fighter pilot and screenwriter. He was born in Wales in 13 September 1916. He served in the Royal Air Force during World War II and one of flying ace and intelligence officer, rising to the rank of wing commander. He made his autobiography about his time at St. Peters in Boy: Tales of Childhood. Besides that, he also made his real experience into his third book for children, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in 1964. He actually began writing in 1942, after he was transferred to Washington, D.C. as Assistant Air Attaché. His very first published work , in 1 August 1942 issue of The Saturday Evening Post, was “Shot Down Over Libya” which described the crash of Closter Gladiator. In this event, he experienced the exact incident and decided to make it into writing. He also inspired by his own family such as The BFG that he dedicated to his daughter; Olivia Dahl who died of measles encephalitis. Furthermore, he has been referred to as “One of The Greatest Storytellers for Children of the 20th century”. He was also mentioned in the The Times as The 50 greatest British writers since 1945 and was in 16th position in the list.


1. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (1964)2. Matilda (1988)3. The BFG (1982)4. The Witches (1983)5. Fantastic Mr. Fox (1970)

Common Genre

Children’s /Adult’s literature (Fiction), Horror, Mystery, Fantasy

W.H Davies (The Fog)


William Henry Davies or W. H. Davies was born on 3 July 1871. He passed away on 26

September 1940. He was a Welsh poet and writer. Davies spent a significant part of his life as

a tramp or hobo, in the United Kingdom and United States, but became one of the most

popular poets of his time. The principal themes in his work are observations about life's

hardships, the ways in which the human condition is reflected in nature, his own tramping

adventures and the various characters he met. Davies is usually considered one of the Georgian

poets, although much of his work is atypical of the style and themes adopted by others of the

genre.


1. The Bird of Paradise (1914)2. Child Lovers (1916)3. A Poet's Pilgrimage (or A Pilgrimage In Wales) (1918) 4. Raptures (1918)5. Jewels Of Song (1930)

Common Genre

In his works, W.H Davies usually used "a genuine innocent" genre. It was like he tried to use the

styles of childlike realism, directness and simplicity.

Sarojini Naidu (Wandering Singers)


Sarojini Naidu was an India political leader. She was born on February 13, 1879 in Hyderabad, India. She is also known by the nickname as The Nightingale of India. She was an, Indian independence activist and poet. At a young age she wrote poetry and plays. She later studied in England, and in 1916 she met Mahatma Gandhi which sparked her interest to the fight for India’s freedom. In 192 , this talented poet was elected as the first female President of the India National Congress. She is also the first woman Governor of Uttar Pradesh. Naidu died on March 02, 1949 at Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.


1. The Poet's Love-Song (Poem)2. The Poet To Death (poem)3. Life (poem)4. Indian Weavers (poem)5. In The Forest (poem)

Common Genre

Her major contribution is in the field of poetry. Her poetry had beautiful words that could also be sung. Soon she got recognition as the "Bul Bule Hind" when her collection of poems was published in 1905 under the title Golden Threshold. After that, she published two other collections of poems--The Bird of Time and The Broken Wings. In 1918, Feast of Youth was published. Later, The Magic Tree, The Wizard Mask and A Treasury of Poems were published. Mahashree Arvind, Rabindranath Tagore and Jawaharlal Nehru were among the thousands of admirers of her work. Her poems had English words, but an Indian soul.

T.S. Elliot (Macavity, the Mystery Cat)


Thomas Stearns Eliot was born on September 26, 1888. He lived in St. Louis for eighteen years. He attended Harvard University. He left United States in 1910 and settled in Sorbonne. He returned to Harvard for his doctorate in philosophy. In 1914, he returned and settled in England. A year later, he married Vivienne-Haigh-Wood and began working in London. He first works as a teacher then as a bank clerk for Lloyd’s Bank. He then became a literary editor for a publishing house, Faber & Faber, which he later become the director. In year 1922, he published ‘The Waste Land’ that was considered the most influential poetic work of the twentieth century. Eliot receives the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1948. He died in London, 1965.


1. Prufrock and Other Observations, 1917

2. The Waste Land, 1922

3. Old Possum’s Book of Practical Cats, 1939

4. Murder in Cathedral, 1935

5. The Family Reunion, 1939

Common Genre

He usually writes poems and plays.

W. H. Whitman (I Sit and Look Out)


Walt Whitman who writes ‘I sit and look out’ is born on 31 May 1819. The

poet was born at West Hills of Huntington, Long Island. His father is Walter

Whitman, a carpenter and farmer. His ancestry was English and Dutch,

mixed with Quaker stock. He is second of eight children, Whitman grew up in

Huntington and Brooklyn, where his family moved when he was four years

old and where his father was an unsuccessful house builder. Whitman

received only an elementary school education. At the age of eleven, he was

apprenticed first to a lawyer as a clerk and then to a printer whom he

learned that trade and was introduced to journalism. Between ages sixteen

and twenty-one, he returned to the country hamlets of Long Island and

taught school. His first important post was as an editor of the New York

Aurora in 1842.

1. Leaves of Grass (1855)



4. Franklin Evans; or, The Inebriate (1842)

5. Democratic Vistas (1871)

His favourite genre is democracy.

Anton Chekhov (The Proposal).


Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was born on 29 January 1860, in a small seaport of Taganrog, Ukraine .His father is Pavel Chekhov; was a grocer and a religious fanaticism of Orthodox Christian. His mother is Yevgeniya, was an excellent storyteller who entertained the children with tales of her travels all over Russia. He actually began writing short stories while he was doing medicine in the University of Moscow. After graduating in 1884, he worked as a freelance writer and journalist related to comics. At the same, he also practiced as a medical doctor throughout most of his literary career. He made money through his writing to support himself and his family. In 1886, he had gained wide fame as a writer. There are some examples of his works such as Peterburskaia Gazeta in 1885 and Novoe Vremia in 1886. Unfortunately, he was terminally ill with tuberculosis which was the cause of his death in 15 July 1904.


1. The Cherry Orchard2. The Shooting Party (1926)3. The Bear (1888)4. The Wedding (1889)

5. The Wood Demon (1889)

Common Genre

Plays; Fiction

Literary Devices

Literary device is a literary or linguistic technique that produces a specific effect. Besides that it also known as the class of the language style used in writing.

Importance of Literary Devices

It especially used as to express the artistic meaning through language. We are learning the cultures of us or other. Moreover, it helps us to understand the message and the style of language that the writer used in their own works.

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Jat Punye.writersBiography