INVESTIGATORY PROJECTTheEFFECTS OF SMOKING IN OUR HEALTHPrepared by:

Ryan Guevarra (leader) Randy PonterasMembers: Balbino SamsonAngela Gail Ababa Glen SinfuegoJohn joshue Adoptante

CEIT-02-101a

SUBMMITED BY:

Prof. Buraga

A. smoking

Smoking is a practice in which a substance, most commonly tobacco or cannabis, is burned and the smoke tasted or inhaled. This is primarily practised as a route of administration for recreational drug use, as combustion releases the active substances in drugs such as nicotine and makes them available for absorption through the lungs. It can also be done as a part of rituals, to induce trances and spiritual enlightenment. The most common method of smoking today is through cigarettes, primarily industrially manufactured but also hand-rolled from loose tobacco and rolling paper. Other smoking tools include pipes, cigars, bidis, hookahs and bongs. It has been suggested that smoking related disease kills one half of all long term smokers but these diseases may also be contracted by non-smokers. A 2007 report states that about 4.9 million people worldwide each year die as a result of smoking.[1]I. Smoking is one of the most common forms of recreational drug use. Tobacco smoking is today by far the most popular form of smoking and is practiced by over one billion people in the majority of all human societies. Less common drugs for smoking include cannabis and opium. Some of the substances are classified as hard narcotics, like heroin, but the use of these is very limited as they are often not commercially available.

II. The history of smoking can be dated to as early as 5000 BC, and has been recorded in many different cultures across the world. Early smoking evolved in association with religious ceremonies; as offerings to deities, in cleansing rituals or to allow shamans and priests to alter their minds for purposes of divination or spiritual enlightenment. After the European exploration and conquest of the Americas, the practice of smoking tobacco quickly spread to the rest of the world. In regions like India and Subsaharan Africa, it merged with existing practices of smoking (mostly of cannabis). In Europe, it introduced a new type of social activity and a form of drug intake which previously had been unknown.

III. Perception surrounding smoking has varied over time and from one place to another; holy and sinful, sophisticated and vulgar, a panacea and deadly health hazard. Only relatively recently, and primarily in industrialized Western countries, has smoking come to be viewed in a decidedly negative light. Today medical studies have proven that smoking tobacco is among the leading causes of many diseases such as lung cancer, heart attacks, erectile dysfunction and can also lead to birth defects. The inherent health hazards of smoking have caused many countries to institute high taxes on tobacco products and anti-smoking campaigns are launched every year in an attempt to curb tobacco smoking.

B. ProblemThe differences between subjective feelings of those who smoke and those who dont are shown in behavioral changes that are more apparent in teens than adults. Teens seem to be more abrasive when smoking or they feel like they are older and wiser when they smoke. Why do they smoke when we have seen billions of dollars spent on antismoking campaigns? The American Lung Association estimates that every minute four thousand eight hundred teens will take their first drag off a cigarette. Of those four thousand eight hundred, about two thousand will go on to be chain smokers. The fact that teen smoking rates are steadily increasing is disturbing. We are finding out that about 80% of adult smokers started smoking as teenagers.

We now see a lot of smokers giving each other rewards in social aspects such as conversations, companionships, and other common social contacts. Research has proven the fact that nicotine has the ability to suppress feelings, suppress appetite for food, is used as stimulation after sex, and is a good way to relax from troubles and feelings of insecurities. People that smoke go to designated areas and congregate around the one that has the light, even when the weather is sub-zero. There they are huddled up against each other in an area, taking in the last drag before the break is over, or they find some kind of shelter to smoke their cigarettes.

Teens like to act as if they are someone special or dangerous. By smoking they can act on those feelings. Because it is so forbidden it becomes more alluring to teens. The problem is that when they take that first puff, they can become addicted. The idea that they are breaking the law or going against their parents and schools is an addiction within itself. Kids like to get attention; it does not matter if its good attention or bad attention. They crave attention and by smoking they get big attention. The other teens look at them in all kinds of ways and the adults get upset and dont know what to do.

Nicotine is considered the number one entrance drug into other substance abuse problems. Research shows that teens between 13 and 17 years of age who smoke daily are more likely to use other drug substances. The use of other drugs is part of the peer pressure that our children have to face. The earlier that our youth begin using tobacco, the more likely they will continue using into adulthood.

Why is tobacco so addicting? It is because nicotine acts as a stimulant, which is stimulating the mind, body, and spirit. When the body tolerance levels high then one ends up needing to use larger doses of nicotine to maintain a certain level of the physiological effect. When the body becomes accustomed to the presence of nicotine, it then requires the use of the chemical to help the body to function normally. This level of dependence is referred to as an addiction.

Here are some common experiences from teens who smoke.

They tried their first cigarette in sixth or seventh grade They often do not perform well in school They feel like they are not a part of the school They become isolated from other students They cant perform as well at sports events They feel like they have little hope of going to college They feel like they need a job to support their smoking habit They are reported to school officials for skipping classes They start using other illegal substances They begin experimenting with alcohol and other drugs They experience pressure from home and school and use tobacco as a form of relief Teen smokers enjoy trying to hide their smoking

This has made school more fun for some tobacco users. These types of behaviors get attention because the initiation of smoking is influenced by having a friend, particularly a best friend, who smokes. The risk factors do not apply because those who are young think that they are indispensable. The peers who use or have favorable attitudes toward tobacco use are more likely to use other illegal substances. On the other hand, if the teen becomes a member of a pro-social group, such as those participating in sports, cheerleading, or any club that promotes healthy living, the likelihood that the teen will attempt to stop smoking improves.

The amount of teens smoking cigarettes dropped about 28% in 2001. The following are some reasons why: a) The increase of cost in the retail price of cigarettes has gone up 70% b) The schools have implemented efforts to fight the use of tobacco (teen smoking). c) There is an increase in youth exposure to both state and national mass media campaigns. d) The truth on the effects of nicotine that are in tobacco products.

When tobacco companies lost the lawsuit that made them pay for anti-smoking ads, they raised the cost of cigarettes. Young people are having a harder time finding ways to smoke because smokers are paying top dollar for their cigarettes. We are also seeing teens speak out in the media and in person and they have been capturing the attention of their peers and changing attitudes about how un-cool and unhealthy teen smoking is.

The times are changing; what the public and science did not know twenty years ago is now coming to the surface. The fact is that smoking cigarettes can cause many health problems including emphysema, high blood pressure, and various forms of cancer. We are seeing people live longer and healthier lives and the old idea that smoking makes you cool and attractive is gone. This is the truth about cigarettes; they are loaded with harmful chemicals and the end result is that they are a dangerous drug that can seriously harm people.

C. objectivesIn accordance with Article 152 of the EC Treaty, the Community strives to ensure a high level of public health protection by complementing national policies. Smoking remains the biggest cause of avoidable death in Europe. The advertising, marketing and promotion strategies of the tobacco industry foster tobacco consumption and help to increase the mortality and morbidity associated with tobacco products. Some of these strategies are aimed more particularly at young people of school age. Studies have shown that 60% of smokers have their first cigarette before the age of 13, and 90% start smoking before the age of 18. The Recommendation accordingly focuses more closely on the prevention of smoking among children and adolescents.

The measures advocated are additional to the provisions of the Directive on tobacco products adopted in 2001, and those of the Directive on advertising and sponsorship of tobacco products adopted in May 2003. Europe's legislators have, moreover, ensured that these measures are consistent with the World Health Organisation's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO), which, at the time of adoption of the Recommendation, was still being negotiated.

D. methods and procedure

About one-fourth of all high school students smoke cigarettes or use other tobacco products, according to the National Institutes of Health. Preventing teens from starting smoking is the best way to encourage a smoke-free life. Yet, teens sometimes fail to understand the long-term effects of tobacco use, as the future feels far off. Sharing the facts about smoking with teens is essential to helping them make the right decisions.

Talk About the Immediate Effects

Because teens may not wrap their heads around the cancerous effects of tobacco products, focus on the short-term effects of smoking. The bad breath caused by smoking can be a major turn-off to friends and romances, as can yellowing teeth. Smoke gets into clothes, creating an unattractive stench. Plus, smokers are more prone to catch colds and coughs as a result of their weakened respiratory system. If you have kids who have their own jobs, add up the amount of money that goes to buying both tobacco products and other products like gum and mints to hide the effects of smoking. The price climbs fast, illustrating how they are throwing their hard-earned money away.

Share Visuals for Long-Term Effects

Confronting teens with the long-term effects of tobacco use is best done with visual aids. Take a trip to the local hospital to see if it is possible to compare the lungs of a smoker to a non-smoker. Or find pictures to compare these organs. Share pictures of smokers' gums versus healthy gums. Take it a step further and dig up personal testimonies from smokers who have been afflicted with terminal illness because of smoking. Their personal stories will help to illuminate the reality of smoking.

Start a Dialogue

Ask questions and listen to how teens feel about the peer pressure aspects of smoking. Listen to their stories and allow space for discussion. Treating teens like adults is the best way to encourage them to approach the dangers of smoking like an adult. Have other teens, who have already committed to not smoking, lead the discussion. Hearing information from peers is the best way to counteract peer pressure in the future.

E. experiments (see at the class) F. methodology

Materials and equipments used:

1500ml plastic bottle balloon Cotton tissue

Plastic straw cigarettes

Procedures: (see at the class) G. results

By this following programs in preventions of smoking, many teens save, they stop using cigarettes and instead they focus on their studies.

H. conclusions and recommendations

When your parents were young, people could buy cigarettes and smoke pretty much anywhere even in hospitals! Ads for cigarettes were all over the place. Today we're more aware about how bad smoking is for our health. Smoking is restricted or banned in almost all public places and cigarette companies are no longer allowed to advertise on TV, radio, and in many magazines.

Almost everyone knows that smoking causes cancer, emphysema, and heart disease; that it can shorten your life by 10 years or more; and that the habit can cost a smoker thousands of dollars a year. So how come people are still lighting up? The answer, in a word, is addiction.

Once You Start, It's Hard to Stop

Smoking is a hard habit to break because tobacco contains nicotine, which is highly addictive. Like heroin or other addictive drugs, the body and mind quickly become so used to the nicotine in cigarettes that a person needs to have it just to feel normal.

People start smoking for a variety of different reasons. Some think it looks cool. Others start because their family members or friends smoke. Statistics show that about 9 out of 10 tobacco users start before they're 18 years old. Most adults who started smoking in their teens never expected to become addicted. That's why people say it's just so much easier to not start smoking at all.I. Summary

We learn and are taught about the dangers of smoking as young children. We hear about it on television, radio and in print. Its all around us and completely unavoidable. Just about everyone knows someone who has died from a smoking related disease. And not only are smokers putting their own lives at risk, but they are also placing the lives of those around them in serious danger. The majority of smokers are cognizant of the dangers of inhaling the poisons and toxins that deteriorate their health and those around them, and they either dont care or are so addicted to tobacco, that they are at an impasse to do anything about it. There are many different reasons why people choose to smoke cigarettes. Many people start smoking during their teenage years, due to peer pressure and acceptance. Some people begin smoking due to the stress in their lives and are under the misconceived notion that it relaxes them. Others smoke due to the assumption that because their parents smoke, it must be okay. A little common sense would indicate that inhaling smoke cannot be good or healthy for the human body. Cigarettes are highly addictive, both physically and psychologically. Once you try its hard to stop it.

So please dont smoke! CONTENTSa. SMOKING

b. PROBLEMS

c. OBJECTIVES

d. METHODS AND PROCEDURE

e. EXPERIMENTS (in the class)f. METHODOLOGY

g. RESULTS

h. CONCLUSIONS AN RECOMMENDATIONSi. SUMMARY