2015-2016

Aim:-

To investigate the variation in output(voltage) after changing diodes in a

full wave rectifier.

Prepared by:-

Roshan kumar BASTIA

12th 'A'

Roll no.:- 1210

submitted to:-

Mr Arun Tumsare

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that investigation work entitled:

Investigation in variation in output(voltage) after

changing diodes in full wave rectifier

Has been carried out by

Students of class XII A

Roshan Kumar BASTIA

Kendriya Vidyalaya, SECL, Baikunthpur (C.G)

He had submitted this project during the

Academic year 2015-2016,

Towards partial fulfilment of requirement

Of CBSE Board.

Mr Arun tumsare Signature

(Physics Teacher) [External]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am extremely grateful to Mr Arun tumsare

Teacher of physics for his able guidance and useful

suggestions, which helped me in completing the

investigation work, in time.

I would also like to thank all the teaching and

non-teaching staff of physics department who

helped me directly or indirectly in the completion

of this investigation .

Finally, yet importantly, I would like to express my

heartfelt thanks to my beloved parents for their

blessings, my friends/classmates for their help and

wishes for the successful completion of this

investigatory project.

Roshan kumar BASTIA

Kendriyavidyalaya SECL,

Baikunthpur(C.G)

1. Introduction

2. Materials req.

3. Circuit diagram

4. Working

5. Procedure

6. Observation

7. Conclusion

8. Precautions

9. Uses

10. Bibliography

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction. The process is known as rectification.

Rectification produces a type of DC that encompasses active voltages and currents, which are then adjusted into a type of constant voltage DC, although this varies depending on the current's end-use.

The current is allowed to flow uninterrupted in one direction, and no current is allowed to flow in the opposite direction.

Physically, rectifiers take a number of forms, including vacuum tube diodes, mercury-arc valves, copper and selenium oxide rectifiers, semiconductor diodes, silicon-controlled rectifiers and other silicon-based semiconductor switches.

Rectifier circuits may be single-phase or multi-phase. Most low power rectifiers for domestic equipment are single-phase, but three-phase rectification is very important for industrial applications and for the transmission of energy as DC.

1. Connecting Wires

2. A plug

3. Single Lead Wire- 2m

4. Three Nuts & Bolts 2-3cm length

5. Circuit Board

6. A Transformer (12V)

7. A Resistor

8. P-N Junction Diodes

9. A LED

10. Insulation Tape, Blades, Soldering

Wax, Soldering Lead, Soldering Iron &

Sand Paper

As shown in the figure, an ac input is applied to the primary coils of the transformer. This input makes the secondary ends P1 and P2 become positive and negative alternately. For the positive half of the ac signal, the secondary point D1 is positive, GND point will have zero volt and P2 will be negative. At this instant diode D1 will be forward biased and diode D2 will be reverse biased. As explained in the Theory Behind P-N Junction and Characteristics of P-N Junction Diode, the diode D1 will conduct and D2 will not conduct during the positive half cycle. Thus the current flow will be in the direction P1-D1-C-A-B-GND. Thus, the positive half cycle appears across the load resistance RLOAD.

During the negative half cycle, the secondary ends P1 becomes negative and P2 becomes positive. At this instant, the diode D1 will be negative and D2 will be positive with the zero reference point being the ground, GND. Thus, the diode D2 will be forward biased and D1 will be reverse biased. The diode D2 will conduct and D1 will not conduct during the negative half cycle. The current flow will be in the direction P2-D2-C-A-B-GND.

When comparing the current flow in the positive and negative half cycles, we can conclude that the direction of the current flow is the same (through load resistance RLOAD). When compared to the Half-Wave Rectifier, both the half cycles are used to produce the corresponding output. The frequency of the rectified output voltage is twice the input frequency. The output that is rectified, consists of a dc component and a lot of ac components of minute amplitudes.

Connect the circuit as shown in diagram. The outputs of transforms are connected to cathode of diodes D1 and D2.The centred tap of transformer is connected to resistance and a bulb is connected in series with it. The anode of D1 and D2 and one end of bulb is connected with a wire & another wire connected to the terminal where centre tap and resistance connected..these two wires provides output.

Diodes Output voltage(v)

IN4007 10.58

IN5408 10.47

IN5399 10.36

159C 9.94

From this investigation we conclude that ,there is very small change appear in voltage as we change the diodes..

.. From this investigation we conclude that ,there is very small change appear in voltage as we change the diodes

1.keep safe yourself from high voltage.

2.solder the wire safely.

3.while soldering don't touch the soldering tip.

4.solder under adult supervision.

safe yourself from high voltage.

2.solder the wire safely.

3.while soldering don't touch the soldering tip.

4.solder under adult supervision.

3.while soldering don't touch the soldering tip.

Most electronic device cannot withstand very high voltage or alternating current due to its intense high power.

The use of batteries in all devices is not practical as their replacement and durability is a huge problem as the devise has to be dismantled each time for such replacement.

So these rectifiers are used in most of the electronic devices like TVs, Radios, Chargers and Lightings etc.

The common uses of rectifiers are to supply polarized voltage for welding, detection of amplitude modulated radio signals.

1.from Mr Arun Tumsare (physics teacher)

2.from other teachers.

3.from ncert textbook.

4.from internet.

Investigation in variation in output(voltage) after changing diodes in full wave rectifierStudents of class XII A Roshan Kumar BASTIAKendriya Vidyalaya, SECL, Baikunthpur (C.G) He had submitted this project during the Mr Arun tumsare Signature