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Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
General Anatomi
ETLS-2006
dr. Thontowi Djauhari NS M.KesLaboratorium AnatomiFakultas KedokteranUniv. Muhammadiyah Malang
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• Organization• Responsiveness• Growth and differentiation• Reproduction• Movement• Metabolism and excretion
The basic functions of organisms
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• Gross Anatomy• Surface anatomy• Regional anatomy• Systemic anatomy• Developmental anatomy
• Microscopic anatomy• Cytology• Histology
The Specialties of Anatomy
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• All vertebrates share a basic pattern of organization, most noticeable during embryology.
Figure 1.1 Comparative Anatomy
Figure 1.1
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SECTION 1-2 Levels of Organization
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1.3: Levels of OrganizationChemical
• Atoms• made up of
subatomic particles
• Molecules• 2 or more atoms
• Macromolecules• small molecules
joined together
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1.3: Levels of OrganizationCellular
• Macromolecules combine to form cells
• Basic structural and functional unit of the body
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1.3: Levels of OrganizationTissue
• Group of cells working together to perform a function
• 4 basic types• epithelial (epi)• connective tissue
(CT)• muscle (mm)• nerve (n)
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1.3: Levels of OrganizationOrgan
• 2 or more tissues joined together with a specific function and shape
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1.3: Levels of OrganizationSystems
• Related organs with a common function
• 11 systems
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Figure 1.2 Levels of Organization
Figure 1.2.1
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Figure 1.2 Levels of Organization
Figure 1.2.2
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Body Cavities and Membranes• Dorsal body cavity
• Cranial cavity• Vertebral cavity
Ventral body cavity Thoracic cavity – 2 parts
2 lateral parts each containing a lung surrounded by a pleural cavity
Mediastinum – contains the heart surrounded by the pericardial sac
Abdominopelvic cavity – divided into two parts Abdominal cavity –
contains the liver, stomach, kidneys, and other organs
Pelvic cavity – contains the bladder, some reproductive organs, and rectum
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Body Cavities and Membranes
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QUADRANTS 9 Abdominopelvic REGIONS
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• Integumentary system• Nervous system• Skeletal system• Endocrine system• Muscular system• Cardiovascular system
Figure 1.3 An Introduction to the Organ Systems
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SELAMAT BELAJAR SEMOGA SUKSES
