Fungsi Bisnis - Bu Mery

7/31/2019 Fungsi Bisnis - Bu Mery

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- MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN- MANAJEMEN OPERASI- MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA

Mery Citra S,SE.,MSi


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Pengertian Manajemen Proses mencapai tujuan dengan menggunakan

sumber daya Proses :

planning , organizing, leading, controling Tujuan :

Efektif Efisien

Sumber daya : Manusia Finansial Informasi Bahan mentntah/baku Sumber daya pemasaran


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MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN


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In our factory, we makelipstick. In our

advertising, we sell hope.~ Charles RevsonRevlon Cosmetics


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Definisi PemasaranPemasaran adalah suatu sistem keseluruhan darikegiatan bisnis yang ditujukan untuk

merencanakan (produk), menentukan harga,mempromosikan dan mendistribusikan barang dan

jasa yang memuaskan kebutuhan, baik kepada pembeli yang ada maupun pembeli potensial.


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PASAR Pasar adalah orang orang yang

mempunyai keinginan untuk puas,mempunyai uang untuk berbelanja danmempunyai kemauan untuk membelanjakannya.


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PASAR Jadi dalam pengertian pasar tersebut

terdapat 3(tiga) factor yang menunjang : Orang dengan segala keinginannya Daya beli mereka Kemauan untuk membelanjakan uangnya


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Strategi PemasaranSegmenting

Targeting

Positioning


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SEGMENTASI PASAR Segmentasi Pasar adalah suatu tindakan

perusahaan yang membagi-bagi pasar yang

bersifat heterogen (berbagai jenis) dari suatu produk kedalam satuan-satuan pasar (segmen pasar) yang bersifat homogen (satu jenis) .


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Bases for SegmentingConsumer Markets

Occasions, Benefits,Uses, or Attitudes

Behavioral

GeographicRegion, City or MetroSize, Density, Climate Demographic

Age, Gender, Family sizeand Fife cycle, Race,Occupation, or Income ...

Lifestyle or PersonalityPsychographic


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VARIABEL VARIABLE BAURANPEMASARAN (MARKETING MIX) Marketing Mix adalah kombinasi dari variable

atau kegiatan yang merupakan inti dari sistem

pemasaran yaitu produk, harga, kegiatan promosidan sistem distribusi atau dengan kata lain,marketing mix merupakan kumpulan variable variable yang dpat digunakan perusahaan untuk mempengaruhi tanggapan konsumen.


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The Four Ps

MarketingMix

Product

Price Promotion

Place

The Four Cs

Customer Solution

Customer Cost

Communication

Conven-ience


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BAURAN PEMASARAN JASA PRODUCT PRICE PLACE PROMOTION PEOPLE PROCESS PHYSICAL EVIDENCE


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Consumer Behavior

Psychological

InfluencesPersonal InfluencesSocial Influences

Cultural Influences

Why do

consumers purchase andconsume

products?


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Postpurchase

Evaluation

Purchase

Decision

Evaluation of

Alternatives

The Consumer Buying Process

Information

Seeking

Problem

Recognition

Psychological

Personal Social Cultural

Personal & EnvironmentalFactors

Product Pricing Promotion Place

MarketingFactors


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MANAJEMEN OPERASI


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Pengertian Produksi / Operasi Suatu Proses mentransfer masukan-

masukan (inputs) dari Sumber daya

menjadi keluaran (output) yangdibutuhkan oleh konsumen. Output berupa:a. Barang

b. Jasa


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Resource Transformation Process


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Pengertian lain Produksi/Operasi :

setiap kegiatan yang menciptakan kegunaanatau utility Utility :

Kemampuan produk untuk memuaskankeinginan manusia

Form Utility Place Utility Time Utility Ownership / Posession Utility


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ManajemenOperasi

ManajerOperasi

ProsesOperasi

Proses PengarahanDan Pengendalian Yang sistematisDalam merubah

Sumberdaya

MenjadiBarang Jadi

Manajer yangBertanggungjawab

Atas ProduksiPersediaan,

Dan

Pengendalian Mutu

MenentukanMetode

Dan Teknologi Yang digunakanDalam Produksi

Barang/jasa


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Goods-Manufacturing Processes:Analytic vs. Synthetic Processes

Analytic process breaks down resourcesinto components

Synthetic process combines raw materialsto produce a finished product


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Service Processes: Extent of Customer Contact

High-contactsystem is anoperation in whichthe customer is part

of the system duringservice delivery

Low-contactsystem is anoperation in whichthe customer need

not be a part of thesystem to receivethe service


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Operations Planning and Control


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1.Forecasting

2.Capacity

Planning

3.Location Planninga. Raw Material

orientedb. Market oriented

4.Lay out Planning

a. Process layoutb. Product Layoutc. Cellular Layout

5.QualityPlanning

6

MethodsPlanning


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Layouts for Producing Goods


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Operations Control Operations control = monitoring performance by comparing results tooriginal plans and schedules

Follow-up = checking to ensure that productiondecisions are being implemented

Materials management

Process control


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MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA

MANUSIA


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PengertianSumber Daya Manusia

Seluruh potensi yang ada dalam diri

manusia yang dapat dikembangkan dandimanfaatkan untuk menghasilkan barang & jasa


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PENGADAAN Mendapatkan tenaga kerja

yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan

dan tuntutan pekerjaan Menempatkan orang yang

benar pada pekerjaan yangtepat

Memberikan pengenalan(orientasi) kepada karyawan

baru


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PENGEMBANGAN Melatih karyawan untuk jabatan yang masih baru

bagi mereka

Mengembangkan kemampuan dari setiap orang Meningkatkan kinerja jabatan dari setiap orang Mengembangkan karir sesuai kebutuhan individu

dan organisasi


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PEMELIHARAAN memastikan terpenuhinya semua

kebutuhan karyawan untuk dapat

melakukan pekerjaan dengan baik mengembangkan hubungan kerja

yang mulus

memperhatikan kesehatan dankeselamatan kerja


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Job analysis A systematic approach to collect information

about a job such as tasks, responsibilities andthe skills required to perform those tasks

Job description Job Specification


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Human Resources Planning

W.F.Cascio :Human Resource Planning is a set of activitiesundertaken to anticipate future business andenvironmental demands on the organizationand to meet the human resources requirementsdictated by those conditions

Davis :Human Resource Planning systematicallyforecasts an organizations future demand andsupply of employees.


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Recruitment Recruiting is the process of identifying and

attracting a pool of candidates, from which somewill later be selected to receive employment offers

Recruitment activities must consider not only thequality of applicants but also ensure that asufficient quantity of applicants is attracted

Recruitment is a form of business competition, andit is fiercely competitive. Just as corporationscompete to develop, manufacture and market the

best product or service, so they must also competeto identify, attract, and hire the most qualified

people.


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Recruitment Planning Estimated number of contacts needed Job specifications Affirmative action goals

Recruitment Philosophy Internal vs External job filling

Job vs career orientation Short vs Long term time orientation Special considerations

Recruitment Strategy development Choosing required applicant qualifications Choosing recruitment sources and communication channels

Choosing inducements Choosing the message: Realism vs flypaper Choosing and preparing recruiters

Recruitment Activities Job posting Advertisement of openings Campus visits Other recruitment methods Follow-up actions (letters, phone calls, etc.) Recordkeeping

Screening/Selecting employees


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Selection The process of choosing individuals who have needed

qualities to fill jobs in an organization. Organizations need qualified employees to succeed

Good training will not make up for bad selection. Hire hard, manage easy.


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Selection Process Flow

Chart


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PELATIHAN & PENGEMBANGAN(TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT)


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- Training is a short-term educational processutilizing a systematic and organized

procedure by which non-managerial personnel learn technical knowledge and

skills for a definite purpose- Development is a long-term educational process utilizing a systematic and organized procedure by which managerial personnellearn conceptual and theoretical knowledgefor general purposes


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Langkah menyusun program pelatihan danpengembangan

Evaluation

Evaluationcriteria

Training anddevelopmentobjectives

Learningprinciples

Programcontent

Actualprogram

Skills,knowledge,ability of workers

Needsassesment

Needsassessmen

t


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CAREER DEVELOPMENT (PENGEMBANGAN KARIR)


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PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT & APPRAISAL


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You cant manage what youdont understand.

You dont understand whatyou dont measure.

What gets measured gets

done.What gets measured getsrewarded.


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Definition Performance :

The record of outcomes produced on specified jobfunctions or activities during a specified time period( Bernardin,2003 ) Performance Appraisal :

The process of evaluating how well employees perform their jobs when compared to a set of standards, and then communicating the information toemployees ( Mathis & Jackson )

Performance Management System :Processes used to identify, encourage, measure,

evaluate, improve, and reward employee performance. ( Mathis & Jackson, 2004 )


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Steps in Appraising Performance

Defining the job Making sure that you and your subordinate agree on his or

her duties and job standards.

Appraising performance Comparing your subordinates actual performance to the

standards that have been set; this usually involves some

type of rating form.

Providing feedback Discussing the subordinates performance and progress,

and making plans for any development required.


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KOMPENSASI


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definition

What employees receive in exchange for their contribution to the organization.

Objectives of Compensation Management

TO ATTRACT TO MOTIVATE TO MAINTAIN

Pay the Right People the Right Amountfor the Right Reasons

Principle of INTERNAL EQUITY Principle of EXTERNAL EQUITY


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To

tal

Co

mpens

ati

on

Direct Indirect

Group

Enterprise-wide /Organizational

Security Plans Pensions

Employee Services Educational assistance Recreational programs

Individual

Wages / Salaries

Insurance Plans Medical Dental Life

Time Not Worked Vacations Breaks Holidays

Variabel

Fixed

Documents

Fungsi Bisnis - Bu Mery