Design, Production and Placement of Self-ConsolidatingConcrete

RILEM BOOKSERIESVolume 1

For other titles published in this series, go towww.springer.com/series/8781

Kamal Henri Khayat • Dimitri Feys

Editors

Design, Production and Placementof Self-Consolidating Concrete

Proceedings of SCC2010, Montreal, Canada,September 26–29, 2010

Kamal Henri Khayat Dimitri FeysUniversité de Sherbrooke Université de Sherbrooke

Editors

Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9664-7

© RILEM 2010No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any formor by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise,without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material suppliedspecifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive useby the purchaser of the work.

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ISBN 978-90-481-9663-0 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9664-7

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Québec, Canada Québec, Canada

Library of Congress Control Number: 2010932809

Table of Contents

Theme 1: Mix Design for SCC Design and Flow of Powder-type SCC with Crushed Aggregates 3 A. Huss and H.W. Reinhardt ‘Structural Design with Flowable Concrete’ – A fib-Recommendation for Tailor-Made Concrete 13 S. Grünewald, L. Ferrara and F. Dehn Effect of Material Constituents and Mix Design on Performance of SCC for Precast, Prestressed Girders 25 G. Lemieux, S.-D. Hwang and K.H. Khayat Robustness by Mix Design – A New Approach for Mixture Proportioning of SCC 37 P. Ramge and L. Lohaus Theme 2: Chemical Admixtures Smart Polycarboxylate Design for SCC in Precast Applications 53 L. Frunz, D. Lootens, R.J. Flatt, F. Wombacher and U. Velten Effects of Superplasticizer and Viscosity-Modifying Agent on Fresh Concrete Performance of SCC at Varied Ambient Temperatures 65 W. Schmidt, J. Brouwers, H.-C. Kühne and B. Meng Selecting Admixtures to Achieve Application-Required Rheology 79 E.Koehler, A. Jeknavorian and S. Klaus

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Preface ix Conference Committees xi

Table of Contents vi

Theme 3: Rheology and Workability of SCC Effect of Cement on Superplasticizer Adsorption, Yield Stress, Thixotropy and Segregation Resistance 91 D. Lowke, T. Kränkel, C. Gehlen and P. Schießl Effect of Metakaolin on the Rheology of Self-Consolidating Concrete 103 A.A.A. Hassan, M. Lachemi and K.M.A. Hossain Segregation of Coarse Aggregates in Self-Compacting Concrete 113 P. Ramge, T. Proske and H.-C. Kühne Estimating Measurement Artifacts in Concrete Rheometers from MRI Measurement on Model Materials 127 H. Hafid, G. Ovarlez, F. Toussaint, P.H. Jezequel and N. Roussel Evaluation of Fresh Properties of Self-Consolidating Concrete under Long Transportation Time and Extreme Temperature 139 N. Ghafoori and H. Diawara Theme 4: Production and Placement of SCC Similarities and Differences of Pumping Conventional and Self-Compacting Concrete 153 D. Feys, G. De Schutter, R. Verhoeven and K.H. Khayat Flow of SCC along Surfaces 163 S. Jacobsen, H. Vikan and L. Haugan Optimisation of the Mixing Process for Producing Self-Compacting High-Performance Concrete 175 H. Beitzel Theme 5: Flow Modeling of SCC Computational Modeling of SCC Flow through Reinforced Sections 187 K. Vasilic, N. Roussel, B. Meng and H.-C. Kühne Simulation and Testing of the Grout Backfill Process in a Case-Study Related to a Nuclear Waste Disposal Gallery 197

P. Bakker, V. Ramohalli Gopala, J.A. Lycklama à Nijeholt, E. Koenders, S. Grünewald and J. Walraven

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Prediction of the Impact of Flow-Induced Inhomogeneities in Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) 209

J. Spangenberg, N. Roussel, J.H. Hattel, J. Thorborg, M.R. Geiker, H. Stang and J. Skocek

Theme 6: Formwork Pressure of SCC Influence of Rheological Properties of Pourable Concrete on Formwork Pressure 219 C. Bohnemann and W. Brameshuber Prediction of SCC Formwork Pressure in Full-Scale Elements 231 K.H. Khayat, A.F. Omran and M. D’Ambrosia Modeling Fresh Concrete Pressure of Normal and Self-Compacting Concrete 243 M. Beitzel Formwork Pressure of Highly Workable Concrete – Experiments Focused on Setting, Vibration and Design Approach 255 T. Proske and C.-A. Graubner Theme 7: Properties of Hardened SCC Drying Shrinkage of SCC – Influence of the Composition of Ternary Composite Cements 271 H. Vikan, T.A. Hammer and K.O. Kjellsen Properties of Low-Shrinkage, High-Strength SCC using Shrinkage- Reducing Admixture, Blast Furnace Slag and Limestone Aggregates 283 K. Saito, M. Kinoshita, H. Umehara and R. Yoshida Plastic Shrinkage Evaluation of Self-Consolidating Concrete as Repair Materials Based on Restrained and Free Strain Measurements 295 P. Ghoddousi and A.A.S. Javid Acceleration of Hardening Kinetics of SCC 307 F. Jacquemot, P. Rougeau and N. Flahault Time Evolution of Properties of SCC Mixtures Produced Using Crushed Limestone Aggregate and High Content of Limestone Filler 317 V. Bokan Bosiljkov, D. Duh, V. Bosiljkov and R. Zarnic

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Effect of Freezing-Thawing Cycles on the Resistance of Self-Consolidating Concrete to Sulfate Attack 329

M.T. Bassuoni and M. Soneb

Theme 8: Bond Strength of SCC Bond Behaviour and Shear Capacity of Self-Compacting Concrete 343 V. Boel, P. Helincks, P. Desnerck and G. De Schutter Top-Bar Effect in Self-Compacting Concrete Elements 355 K.G. Trezos, I.P. Sfikas, M.S. Palmos and E.K. Sotiropoulou Effect of Rheology of SCC on Bond Strength of Ribbed Reinforcement Bars 367 L.N. Thrane, C. Pade, C. Idzerda, and M. Kaasgaard Development Length of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars in Self-Consolidating Concrete 379 S. Krem and K. Soudki Theme 9: Design and Performance of Fiber-Reinforced SCC Design with Highly Flowable Fiber-Reinforced Concrete: Overview of the Activity of fib TG 8.8 395 L. Ferrara, S. Grünewald and F. Dehn Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Materials: From Intrinsic Isotropic Behavior to Fiber Alignment 407 L. Martinie and N. Roussel Flow-Induced Fiber Orientation in SCSFRC: Monitoring and Prediction 417 L. Ferrara, N. Tregger and S.P. Shah Shear Behavior of Self-Compacting Concrete and Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Push-Off Specimens 429 E. Cuenca and P. Serna Long-Term Behaviour of Fiber-Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Beams 439 N. Buratti, C. Mazzotti and M. Savoia Author Index 451 RILEM Publications 453

Preface Dear Colleagues, We are pleased to organize the Sixth International RILEM Symposium on SCC and the Fourth North-American Conference on the Design and Use of SCC, held on Sept 26-29, 2010 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The RILEM series of symposia started in 1999 in Stockholm, followed by Tokyo in 2001, Reykjavik in 2003, Chicago in 2005, and Ghent in 2007 with a steadily increasing number of papers, participants, and interest from across the globe. Due to the growing success of SCC, regional conferences have been organized, such as the North-American Conference on the Design and Use of SCC held in Chicago in 2002, 2005, and 2008; the International Symposium on Design, Performance and Use of SCC held in Changsa, China in 2005 and in Beijing, China in 2009; as well as the 2nd International Conference on Advances in Concrete Technology in the Middle East: SCC held in Abu Dhabi in 2009. It can be concluded that these regional Conferences and Symposia were highly successful and reached a far more international audience than anticipated. Nearly 100 papers were submitted for these proceedings from which the International Scientific Committee selected 37 contributions covering a wide range of timely and original subjects from around the world. We would like to acknowledge the input of the International Scientific Committee for providing critical input to guarantee high quality of these peer-reviewed proceedings. We invite you to explore a wealth of information in the electronic proceedings. Topics covered in this conference include SCC Mix Design, Chemical Admixtures, Rheology and Workabilty, Production and Placement, Flow Modeling, Formwork Pressure, Hardened Properties, Bond Strength, Fiber-Reinforced SCC, Economics, Worker's Health, Environmental Benefits, and Case Studies. These papers reflect significant advances made in research, design, and implementation of SCC worldwide during the last years. Nearly 130 papers will be presented during the three parallel sessions in addition to other papers discussed during the poster session at the conference. We would like to greatly acknowledge all the Authors for sharing their expertise and knowledge as well as our Sponsors for their generous support that is critical for the success of the conference. Special thanks go to the Honorary Advisory Committee and the International Technical Committee for their advice and help in promoting the conference.

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We would like to thank the Organizers of this conference: l’Université de Sherbrooke, RILEM, la fédération internationale du béton (fib), the Center for Advanced Cement Based Materials (ACBM), and le Centre de Recherche sur les Infrastructures en Béton (CRIB) as well as the Local Organizing Committee for their diligent work and commitment to bring this conference to great success! The Editors, Kamal Henri Khayat Dimitri Feys Université de Sherbrooke, Canada September, 2010

Conference Committees Conference Chair K.H. Khayat, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada Honorary Advisory Committee A. Skarendahl, Sweden, chair of SCC 1999, Stockholm H. Okamura, Japan, chair of SCC 2001, Tokyo O. Wallevik, Iceland, chair of SCC 2003, Reykjavik S. Shah, USA, chair of SCC 2005 and SCC 2008, Chicago G. De Schutter, chair of SCC 2007, Ghent International Technical Committee O. Wallevik, IBRI, Iceland (chair) A. Bentur, Technion, Israel M. Geiker, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark T.A. Hammer, SINTEF, Norway J. Kim, Fosroc, South Korea R. Munn, University of New South Wales, Australia S. Nagataki, Aichi Institute of Technology, Japan M. Ouchi, Kochi University, Japan J. Walraven, Delft University, The Netherlands P. Yan, Tsinghua University, China International Scientific Committee G. De Schutter, Ghent University, Belgium (co-chair) N. Roussel, LCPC, France (co-chair) H. Abdelgader, Al-fateh University, Lybia G. Agranati, Politécnica de Madrid, Spain S. Amziane, Université Blaise-Pascal, France E. Attiogbe, BASF Construction Chemicals, USA C. Bédard, The Euclid Chemical Company, Canada

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Conference Committees xii

H. Beitzel, FH Trier, Germany P. Billberg, CBI, Sweden B. Blair, Lafarge North America, USA W. Brameshuber, University Aachen, Germany F. Cussigh, Vinci Construction, France J. Daczko, BASF Construction Chemicals, USA Y. Deshpande, Michigan Technological University, USA P. Domone, University College London, UK L. Ferrara, Politecnico di Milano, Italy C. Ferraris, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA R. Ferron, University of Texas at Austin, USA R. Flatt, Sika, Switzerland J.V. Gruber, Bechtel Power Corporation, USA S. Grünewald, Hurks Beton / TU Delft, the Netherlands A. Kanellopoulos, University of Cyprus, Cyprus M. Khrapko, CBE Consultancy, New Zealand E. Koehler, W.R. Grace & Co., USA M. Lachemi, Ryerson University, Canada D. Lange, University of Illinois, USA C. Lanos, Université de Rennes 1, France A. Leemann, EMPA, Switzerland D. Ludirdja, Vulcan Materials Company, USA P. Lura, EMPA, Switzerland C. Mazzotti, University of Bologna, Italy C.V. Nielsen, Danish Technological Institute, Denmark C. Ozyildirim, Virginia Transportation Research Council, USA M. Pagé, Handy Chemicals, Canada A. Perrot, Université de Bretagne Sud, France B. Persson, Lund Institute of Technology, Sweden A.K. Schindler, Auburn University, USA W. Schmidt, BAM Berlin, Germany C. Shi, Hunan University, China K. Sideris, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece K.R. Sompura, Sika Corporation, USA M. Sonebi, Queen's University, Belfast, UK A. Tagnit-Hamou, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada C. Talbot, Omya Inc,, USA L.N. Thrane, Danish Technological Institute, Denmark F. Toussaint, Pôle technologique Lafarge, France M. Vachon, ESSROC, USA K. van Breugel, TUDelft, The Netherlands S. Vanikar, Federal Highway Administration, USA G. Ye, TUDelft, The Netherlands W. Zhu, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK

Conference Committees xiii

Local Organizing Committee K.H. Khayat, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada (chair) O. Bonneau, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada G. Breton, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada C. Couture, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada Y. Denommé, Handy Chemicals, Canada D. Feys, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada R. Gagné, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada G. Lemieux, The Euclid Chemical Company, Canada B. Tighiouart, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada A. Yahia, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada