Crim Pro Review

8/12/2019 Crim Pro Review

1/67

Remedial Law Review Notes under Atty Ferdinand TanCRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Notes by Paul Lemuel E! C"ave#

Criminal Procedure Notes

Criminal Procedure

$ Pro%eedin& in w"i%" t"e state

'rose%utes a 'erson (or an a%t or

omission in violation o( 'enal laws) andin %ase o( %onvi%tion) t"e %ourt im'oses

t"e 'ro'er 'unis"ment 'rovided (or by

'enal laws

Criminal jurisdiction

$ Aut"ority o( t"e %ourt to "ear and try

%riminal o((enses and to im'ose 'ro'er

'unis"ment as 'rovided (or by 'enal

laws

SpecialProceedings

CriminalProcedure OrdinaryCivil Action

A remedy byw"i%" a'arty see*sto establis"a status) ari&"t) or a'arti%ular(a%t

T"e +tate'rose%utes a'erson (oran a%t oromission'unis"ableby law

A'ro%eedin&

w"erein a'erson is'rose%utedby t"e +tate(or a%ts oromissions%ommitted inviolation o('enal laws)and toim'ose t"e%orres'ondin& 'enalty'rovided (or

by 'enallaws

A 'arty suesanot"er (ort"een(or%ementor 'rote%tiono( a ri&"t) ort"e'revention orredress o( a

wron&

,overned bys'e%ial rules)and in t"eabsen%e o(s'e%ial'rovisions)t"e rules

,overned byt"e RevisedRules o(CriminalPro%edure

,overned byt"e rules (orordinary %ivila%tions

'rovided (orin ordinarya%tions s"allbe) as (ar as'ra%ti%able)a''ly

su''letoryMay involveonly one'arty

Involves t"e+tate a&ainstt"e a%%used

Involves - ormore 'arties

Initiated by'etition

Initiated by%om'laint.but (iled in%ourt byIn(ormation/

Initiated by%om'laint

E0%e't"abeas%or'us) notbased on a%ause o(a%tion

1ased on ana%t oromission'unis"ableby law

1ased on a%ause o(a%tion

Sources of criminal procedure

2! A3 o( Constitution

-! 224$2-5) Rules o( Court

3! Administrative %ir%ulars

6! 1'2-7

8! RA5972

9! RA5294

5! RA7-9-

:! DO; Cir%ular 54 and 92 .on in


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Constitutional Provisions of Criminal

Procedure:

A3 +2

No 'erson s"all be de'rived o( li(e) liberty or

'ro'erty wit"out due 'ro%ess o( law) nor s"allany 'erson be denied e


3/67



-! In all %riminal 'ro%eedin&s) a%%used

s"all be 'resumed inno%ent unless t"e

%ontrary is 'roved .on t"e 'rose%ution to

'rove/) and s"all en>oy t"e ri&"t to

a! be "eard by "imsel( or "is

%ounsel)

b! be in(ormed o( t"e nature and

%ause o( t"e a%%usation a&ainst

"im

%! "ave s'eedy) im'artial) 'ubli%

trial

d! meet wit" witnesses (a%e to (a%e

e! "ave %om'ulsory 'ro%ess to

se%ure attendan%e o( witness

and 'rodu%tion o( eviden%e in

"is be"al(

?owever) a(ter arrai&nment) trial may 'ro%eed

notwit"standin& t"e absen%e o( t"e a%%used)

'rovided "e "as been duly noti(ied and "is

(ailure to a''ear is un>usti(iable!

A3 +29

All 'ersons s"all "ave t"e ri&"t to s'eedy

dis'osition o( %ases be(ore all >udi%ial) udi%ial) administrative bodies

A3 +25

No 'erson s"all be %om'elled to be a witness

a&ainst "imsel( .NOTE a''lies only to

testimonial eviden%e/

A3 +2:

2! no 'erson s"all be detained solely

be%ause o( "is 'oliti%al belie(s and

as'irations

-! no involuntary servitude in any (orms"all e0ist e0%e't as 'unis"ment (or t"e

%rime w"ereo() t"e 'arty s"all "ave

been duly served

A3 +-4

No 'erson s"all be im'risoned (or non 'ayment

o( debt or (or 'oll ta0

A3 +-2

No 'erson s"all be twi%e 'ut in >eo'ardy (or

'unis"ment (or t"e same o((ense! I( an a%t is

'enali#ed by law and an ordinan%e) %onvi%tion or

a%


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E0%usive a''ellate .:$8$-/$ on a''eal .R68/ or

on %ertiorari .R98/ w"en >urisdi%tion o( lower

%ourt is in issue

2! all %ases in w"i%" >urisdi%tion o( lower

%ourt is at issue

-! all %riminal %ases w"ere 'enalty

im'osed is RP or "i&"er

3! all %ases w"ere only error or


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3! M) M) +an&&unian& 'an&lun&sod)

treasurer) assessors) en&ineers) ot"er

%ity de'artment "eads

6! O((i%ers o( di'lomati% servi%e) %onsul

&eneral or "i&"er

8! P"il Army and Air For%e Cols) Naval

Ca't) O((i%ers o( ?i&"er Ran*

9! O((i%ers o( PNP w"ile o%%u'yin& 'osition

o( 'rovin%ial dire%tor) senior

su'erintendent) or "i&"er

5! City or 'rovin%ial 'rose%utors and t"eir

assistants) o((i%ers and 'rose%utors in

O((i%e o( t"e Ombudsman and +'e%ial

Prose%utors

:! President) Dire%tor) Trustee) Mana&er o(

,OCCs) +tate Universities) Edu%ational

Institutions and Foundations

7! Members o( ;udi%iary wit"out 're>udi%e

to Constitutional Provisions

24! Members o( Con&ress) O((i%ials +alary

,rade -5 or ?i&"er

22! C"airmen and Members o(

Constitutional Commissions wit"out

're>udi%e to %onstitutional 'rovisions

+o) i( lower t"an salary &r -5) %onsider t"e

'enalty

Penalty 9 y$ RTC

Penalty 9 y$ MTC

Provision o( Rule 62$6-) i( %ase involves +, -5

or "i&"er) a''eal'etition (or review to

+andi&anbayan

Can the Sandiganbayan try civil cases

GE+) in %ase o( ill &otten wealt") re%overy o(

w"i%" would be %ivil liability arisin& (rom t"e

%riminal a%t

Con%urrent Ori&inal

Certiorari) Mandamus) Pro"ibition wit" +C) RTC)

CA

A''ellate ;urisdi%tion

2! 1y ordinary a''eal$ de%isions o( RTC in

e0er%ise o( ori&inal >urisdi%tion) w"en

+, -9 or lower) 'enalty 9y

-! 1y 'etition (or review$ de%isions o( RTC

in e0er%ise o( a''ellate >urisdi%tion)

w"en +, -9 or lower) 'enalty 9y

!"C

E0%lusive Ori&inal

2! All %rimes) 'enalty o( w"i%" is "i&"er

t"an 9 years im'risonment

-! All %ases not wit"in e0%lusive >urisdi%tion

o( any %ourt) tribunal) body

3! ;urisdi%tion over %om'le0 %rime) over

t"e w"ole) lod&ed wit" RTC "avin&

>urisdi%tion to im'ose ma0imum and

most severe 'enalty im'osable on an

o((ense (ormin& %om'le0 %rime

6! Libel %ases

8! iolation o( CDDA -44-

9! O((enses under +andi&anbayan

>urisdi%tion but %ommitted by 'ubli%

o((i%er) +, -9 and lower) 'rivate

individuals as %o 'rin%i'als)

a%%om'li%es) a%%essories) im'risonment

is "i&"er t"an 9 years

Family Court ;urisdi%tion

2! A%%used lower t"an 2: not under 28

.;uvenile ;usti%e A%t/ or w"ere one or

more o( t"e vi%tims is a minor at t"e time

o( %ommission o( t"e %rime

8


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-! Minor is a%%used in violation o( CDDA

-44-

3! iolation o( Anti C"ild Abuse Law

6! Cases o( violation o( RA7-9-

A''ellate >urisdi%tion

2! All %ases de%ided by lower %ourts in

e0er%ise o( res'e%tive territorial

>urisdi%tion

#"C

E0%lusive Ori&inal ;urisdi%tion) Ordinary Criminal

Cases

2! O((enses 'unis"able by im'risonment o(

not more t"an 9 years) irres'e%tive o(

amount o( (ine) re&ardless o( ot"er

im'osable a%%essory or ot"er 'enalties

in%ludin& %ivil liability arisin& (rom su%"

o((enses or 'redi%ated t"ereon

-! O((enses involvin& dama&e to 'ro'erty

t"rou&" %riminal ne&li&en%e) value

e0%eedin& 24*

3! All o((enses under +andi&anbayan;urisdi%tion %ommitted by 'ubli% o((i%er

and em'loyees) and by 'rivate indivs

%"ar&ed as %o 'rin%i'als) a%%om'li%es)

a%%essories) im'risonment 9y) +, -9

and lower

6! Crimes 'unis"able by destierro

+ummary Pro%edure

2! Tra((i% violations

-! iolations o( rental law

3! iolation o( %ity or muni%i'al ordinan%es

6! All ot"er o((enses 'unis"able by

im'risonment not e0%eedin& 9 mont"s

and or (ine not e0%eedin& 2* irres'e%tive

o( ot"er 'enalties or %ivil liabilities

arisin& t"ere(rom

8! O((enses involvin& dama&e to 'ro'erty

t"rou&" %riminal ne&li&en%e) not

e0%eedin& 24*

9! Cases o( 1P--

Note in summary 'ro%eedin&s) su%" as in %aseo( 1P--) no warrant o( arrest s"all be issued

EHCEPT in %ase t"e a%%used was duly noti(ied)

but (ailed to a''ear in t"e summary 'ro%eedin&s

1P--$ usually 'unis"ed by FINE .0- t"e amount

in t"e %"e%*) or t"e >ud&e may im'ose t"e

'ro'er 'enalty

$atarungang Pambarangay

,eneral rule No %om'laint) 'etition) a%tion

involvin& any matter wit"in aut"ority o( Lu'on

s"all be (iled or instituted dire%tly in any %ourt or

in ot"er &overnment o((i%e (or ad>udi%ation

unless t"ere is %on(rontation between t"e 'arties

be(ore t"e Lu'on C"airman or Pan&*at) and t"at

no %on%iliation or settlement "as been rea%"ed

as %erti(ied by Lu'on or Pan&*at C"air

E0%e'tions

2! O((enses 'unis"able by im'risonment"i&"er t"an 2 year) (ine "i&"er t"an 8*

-! O((enses w"ere t"ere is no 'rivate

o((ended 'arty

3! Dis'ute involves real 'ro'erties lo%ated

in di((erent %ities or muni%i'alities unless

'arties t"ereto a&ree to submit t"eir

di((eren%es be(ore a''ro'riate Lu'on

6! Dis'ute involvin& 'arties w"o a%tually

reside in baran&ays o( di((erent %ities ormuni%i'alities e0%e't w"ere su%"

baran&ay units ad>oin ea%" ot"er and

'arties a&ree to submit di((eren%es to

ami%able settlement be(ore a''ro'riate

Lu'on

8! Ot"er %lasses o( dis'utes w"i%"

President may determine in t"e interest

9


7/67



o( >usti%e or u'on re%ommendation o(

DO; +e%

9! "en a%%used is under detention

5! Person de'rived o( liberty %allin& (or ?C

'ro%eedin&s

:! "en a%tion already 'res%ribed

7! Dis'utes involvin& traditions o(

indi&enous %ultural %ommunities

%#PO!"ANC& O' $NO(%N) J*!%S+%C"%ON:

"en %om'laint or in(ormation is (iled wit" t"e

wron& %ourt) remedy

File MOTION TO @UA+? .Rule 225/ on t"e

&round t"at T?E COURT TRGIN, T?E CA+E

?A+ NO ;URI+DICTION OER T?E OFFEN+E

C?AR,ED .+3/

,ranted) remedy

$ File new %om'laint or in(ormation)

be%ause an order sustainin& a motion to

e%t to e0istin& laws) t"e %riminal

a%tion s"all be instituted and tried in t"e

%ourt o( t"e muni%i'ality or territory

a! w"ere t"e o((ense was%ommitted or w"ere any o( its

essential in&redients o%%urred

-! "ere an o((ense is %ommitted in a

train) air%ra(t) or ot"er 'ubli% or 'rivate

ve"i%le in t"e %ourse o( its tri') t"e

%riminal a%tion s"all be instituted and

tried in

a! t"e %ourt o( t"e muni%i'ality or

territory w"ere said train)

air%ra(t) or ot"er ve"i%le 'assed

durin& its tri' in%ludin& t"e 'la%e

o( de'arture and arrival

5


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3! "ere an o((ense is %ommitted on

board a vessel in t"e %ourse o( its

voya&e) t"e %riminal a%tion s"all be

instituted and tried in

a! t"e %ourt o( t"e (irst 'ort o( entry

or

b! at any muni%i'ality or territory

w"ere t"e vessel 'assed durin&

su%" voya&e) sub>e%t to

&enerally a%%e'ted 'rin%i'les o(

international law

6! Crimes %ommitted outside o( t"e P"ils

but 'unis"able under A- o( RPC s"all

be %o&ni#able by t"e %ourt

a! w"ere t"e %riminal a%tion is (irst

(iled

+tate t"ose 'unis"able under A- o( RPC

2! %ommission o( o((ense w"ile on

P"ili''ine s"i' or airs"i'

-! (or&in& or %ounter(eitin& any %oin or

%urren%y note o( t"e P"ili''ines or

obli&ations and se%urities issued by

,overnment o( t"e P"ils

3! w"ile bein& 'ubli% o((i%ers or em'loyees)

s"all %ommit an o((ense in t"e e0er%ise

o( t"eir (un%tions

6! %ommit any o( t"e %rimes a&ainst

national se%urity and t"e law o( nations

Crime %ommitted in t"e "i&" seas) w"ere t"e

vessel is re&istered

8! In %ase o( %ontinuin& %rimes) su%" as

Ille&al Re%ruitment

$ "ere t"e ille&al re%ruitment was

%ommitted

$ "ere t"e 'rivate o((ended 'arty is

residin& at t"e time o( t"e ille&al

re%ruitment

o At ele%tion o(

%om'lainant'rivate o((ended

'arty

Libel

$ "ere t"e arti%le was (irst 'ublis"ed

$ In %ase o( 'ubli% o((i%ers) w"ere "oldin&

o((i%e

$ In %ase o( 'rivate individual) w"ere

'rivate o((ended 'arty resides

PRELIMINARG MATTER+ TO REMEM1ER

(ho may institute-commence criminal

action

R224 +8

All %riminal a%tions %ommen%ed by %om'laint or

in(ormation s"all be 'rose%uted

$ under t"e dire%tion and %ontrol o( t"e

'ubli% 'rose%utor

2! In %ase o( "eavy wor* s%"edule o( t"e

'ubli% 'rose%utor or

-! in t"e event o( la%* o( 'ubli%

'rose%utors)

t"e 'rivate 'rose%utor may be aut"ori#ed in

writin& by t"e C"ie( o( t"e Prose%ution O((i%e or

t"e Re&ional +tate Prose%utor to 'rose%ute t"e

%ase sub>e%t to t"e a''roval o( t"e %ourt

On%e so aut"ori#ed to 'rose%ute t"e %riminal

a%tion) t"e 'rivate 'rose%utor s"all %ontinue to

'rose%ute t"e %ase u' to t"e end o( t"e trial

even in t"e absen%e o( a 'ubli% 'rose%utor)

$ unless t"e aut"ority is revo*ed or

ot"erwise wit"drawn

:


9/67



P*./%C C!%#& P!%,A"& C!%#&

In>ured 'arty wit"out%ontrol over %riminalliability) res'onsibilityo( o((endin& 'erson

In>ured 'arty wit"%ontrol over %riminalliability) res'onsibility o(o((endin& 'erson

Crimes %overed

2! sedu%tion-! abdu%tion3! a%ts o(

las%iviousness6! adultery8! %on%ubina&e

PRO+ECUTION OF PRIATE CRIME+ .R224

+8/

Prosecution of crimes of adultery orconcubinage:

T"e %rimes o( adultery or %on%ubina&e s"all not

be 'rose%uted e0%e't

$ u'on a %om'laint (iled by the offended

spouse

T"e o((ender 'arty %annot institute %riminal

'rose%ution wit"out including the guilty

parties) i( bot" are alive) nor in any %ase) i( t"e

o((ended 'arty "as %onsented to t"e o((ense or

"as 'ardoned t"e o((enders!

Prosecution of seduction0 abduction0 acts of

lasciviousness:

T"e o((enses o( sedu%tion) abdu%tion) a%ts o(

las%iviousness s"all not be 'rose%uted e0%e't

u'on a %om'laint (iled by t"e

12 offended party

-! her parents) grandparents) or

guardian

nor in any %ase) i( t"e o((ender "as been

e0'ressly 'ardoned by any o( t"em!

I( o((ended 'arty dies or be%omes in%a'a%itated

be(ore s"e %an (ile t"e %om'laint) and s"e "as

no *nown 'arents)

3! t"e states"all initiate t"e %riminal a%tion

in "er be"al(

T"e offended party) even i( a minor) "as t"e

ri&"t to institute t"e 'rose%ution o( t"e o((enses

o( abdu%tion) sedu%tion) a%ts o( las%iviousness

inde'endently o( "er 'arents) &rand'arents or

&uardian unless s"e is in%a'able o( doin& so!

"ere t"e offended partyw"o is a minor (ails

to (ile t"e %om'laint) "er parents)

grandparents) guardian may (ile t"e same!

T"e ri&"t to (ile t"e a%tion &ranted to 'arents)

&rand'arents) or &uardian s"all be e3clusive of

all other persons and s"all be e3ercisedsuccessively in the order herein provided)

e3cept as stated in the preceding paragraph2

No %riminal a%tion (or de(amation w"i%" %onsists

in t"e im'utation o( any o( t"e o((enses

mentioned above s"all be brou&"t e0%e't at t"e

instan%e o( and u'on %om'laint (iled by t"e

o((ended 'arty!

Complaint .Criminal Complaint) NOT a((idavito( %om'laint/

R224 +3

A sworn written statement

$ %"ar&in& a 'erson wit" an o((ense)

$ subs%ribed by

o o((ended 'arty

o any 'ea%e o((i%er

o ot"er 'ubli% o((i%er %"ar&ed wit"

en(or%ement o( t"e law violated

Criminal %nformation

R224 +6

7


10/67



An a%%usation in writin& %"ar&in& a 'erson wit"

an o((ense) subs%ribed by t"e 'rose%utor) and

(iled wit" t"e %ourt!

P!O.A./& CA*S&

$ (a%ts and %ir%umstan%es w"i%" would

lead a reasonably dis%reet and 'rudent

man to believe t"at an o((ense "as been

%ommitted and t"at t"e ob>e%ts sou&"t in

%onne%tion wit" t"e o((ense are in t"e

'la%e sou&"t to be sear%"ed

CO##&NC&N" O' C!%#%NA/ AC"%ON

%2 (%"4 "4& .A!AN)A5

Penalty is 2 year) (ine is 2J .i( e0%eedin&) t"en

not sub>e%t to 1aran&ay Con%iliation/

$ I( no ami%able settlement) (ile

AFFIDAIT OF COMPLAINT

.sinum'aan& salaysay/ wit" t"e

1aran&ay) alle&in& a%ts or omissions

'unis"able under 'enal laws

$ T"e baran&ay will dismiss i( t"ere is no

'robable %ause)

$ 1UT i( wit" 'robable %ause) 1aran&ay

will issue sub'oena

$ it"in 24 days a(ter issuan%e o(

sub'oena) res'ondent will be re


11/67



%%2 (%"4 "4& C%"5 P!OS&C*"O!

O! O#.*+S#AN

RULE+

!! For o((enses w"ere a 'reliminary investi&ation

is re


12/67



$ COMELEC .in %ase o( ele%tion$related

%rimes/

$ PC,,

NOTE t"at AM 8$:$-9 Removed t"e 'rovision

>ud&es o( MTCs) "en%e) >ud&es o( MTCs %an no

lon&er %ondu%t 'reliminary investi&ation!

Procedure before the City Prosecutor same

process if before the Ombudsman; -

Preliminary %nvestigation Proper:

.R22- in relation to R224/

+3 R22-

2! A''%+A,%" O' CO#P/A%N"$

Com'lainant s"all state address o(

res'ondent and s"all be a%%om'anied

by a((idavits o( %om'lainant and "is

witnesses as well as ot"er su''ortin&

do%uments to establis" 'robable %ause

-! it"in 24 days a(ter (ilin& o( t"e

%om'laint) t"e investi&atin& o((i%er s"all

EIT?ER

$ Dismiss it i( "e (inds no &round to

%ontinue wit" t"e investi&ation OR

$ Issue S*.PO&NA to t"e res'ondent

atta%"in& to it a %o'y o( t"e %om'laintand its su''ortin& a((idavits

3! it"in 24 days (rom re%ei't o( sub'oena

wit" t"e %om'laint) su''ortin& a((idavits

and do%uments) res'ondent s"all submit

"is CO*N"&! A''%+A,%"and t"at o(

t"e witnesses and ot"er su''ortin&

do%ument

6! IF res'ondent %annot be sub'oenaed or

i( sub'oenaed) does not submit %ounter

a((idavits wit"in t"e 24 day 'eriod) t"e

investi&atin& o((i%er s"all resolve the

complaint based on the evidence

presented by the complainant

8! it"in 24 days (rom submission o( t"e

%ounter a((idavit by res'ondent)

%om'lainant s"all submit a !&P/5A''%+A,%"

9! .o'tional/$ !&JO%N+&! A''%+A,%"

5! Investi&atin& o((i%er may set a hearingi(

t"ere are (a%ts and issues to be %lari(ied

(rom a 'arty or witness! T"e 'arties %an

be 'resent at a "earin& but wit"out ri&"t

to e0amine or to %ross e0amine) but

may) "owever) submit to t"e

investi&atin& o((i%er


13/67



%orres'ondin& remedies in %ase o( adverse

resolutionB

2! MOTION FOR RECON+IDERATION

be(ore t"e INE+TI,ATIN,

PRO+ECUTOR .DO; AM 683/ wit"in 24

days (rom re%ei't o( adverse de%ision

+enied0

-! PETITION FOR REIE be(ore t"e

DO; +ECRETARG .DO; Cir%ular 54/

wit"in 28 days (rom re%ei't o( noti%e o(

denial

+enied0

3! MOTION FOR RECON+IDERATION

be(ore t"e DO; +ECRETARG wit"in 28days (rom re%ei't o( noti%e o( denial

+enied0

7 scenarios:

+tate Prose%utor rendered De%ision on t"e

Preliminary Investi&ation

+enied0

A''eal to DO; +e%retary

.T"en (ollow 're%edin& remedies/

Re&ional +tate Prose%utor rendered de%ision)

+enied0

A''eal to Provin%ial Prose%utor

+enied0

A''eal to DO; +e%retary

.t"en (ollow 're%edin& remedies/

NOTE Even i( 'endin& 'etition (or review be(ore

t"e DO; +e%retary) t"e %riminal in(ormation %an

still be (iled

DO; Cir%ular 54) in relation to Rule 229 +e%tion

6) t"e latter 'rovidin& t"at w"en a%%used 'leads

&uilty to a non %a'ital eviden%e) t"e %ourt may

re%eive eviden%e (rom t"e 'arties to determine

t"e 'enalty to be im'osed) it 'rovides (or t"e

remedy o(

$ Filin& a motion to sus'end 'ro%eedin&s

?GB 1e%ause on%e t"e a%%used is arrai&ned)

t"e %ourt a%urisdi%tion over t"e %ase) and

all remedies would be%ome moot and a%ademi%

.+O) wa& *a na 'a'aabot sa arrai&nment!!

tira"in mo na a&ad *a"it may in(ormation na

a&ad sayo) *esa umabot *a sa arrai&nment/

23

%'0 NON .A%/A./&

O''&NS&

Petition for review to Office

of President IT?IN 28

DAG+ (rom re%ei't o( denial

.AM 8:/

Denied)

#otion for reconsideration

be(ore t"e Office of the

President wit"in 28 days

(rom re%ei't o( t"e adverse

de%ision

Denied)

Petition for review be(ore

t"e CA wit"in 28 days (rom

noti%e o( t"e >ud&ment .Rule

63/

Denied)

#otion for reconsideration

be(ore t"e CAwit"in 28 days

.Rule 8-/

Denied)

Petition for review on

certiorari be(ore t "e SC

.Rule 68/

%'0 .A%/A./& O''&NS&

Certiorari be(ore CA wit"in

94 days (rom re%ei't o( noti%e

o( denial o( t"e motion (or

re%onsideration .Rule 98/

?GB 1e%ause no a''eal

nor 'lain) s'eedy) ade


14/67



.1e%ause on%e t"e motion to sus'end is (iled)

t"e matter is dis%retionary u'on t"e %ourt/

%' the prosecutorudi%ial to t"e ri&"ts o( t"e

a%%used

-! "en t"ere is need (or 'rote%tin& t"e

Constitutional ri&"ts o( t"e a%%used

3! To Prevent t"e lon& arm o( t"e law (rom

bein& vindi%tive

6! "en 're>udi%ial


15/67



8! In %ase o( %riminal 'rose%ution under an

invalid law

(hen person is deprived of his right to

preliminary investigation0 what are his

remedies

12 4e can refuse to enter his plea upon

arraignment0 or object to such further

proceedings

-! 4e can file a motion to conduct

preliminary investigation .'reliminary

investi&ation as a matter o( ri&"t) 'enalty

is "i&"er t"an 6 y - mos 2 day/

IF - DENIED) %ertiorari under Rule 98 is t"e

'ro'er remedy) on t"e &round o( violation o(

ri&"t to due 'ro%ess

3! 'ro%eed wit" trial) and in %ase o(

adverse de%ision) raise la%* o(

'reliminary investi&ation as error on

a''eal

6! "e %an (ile (or 'ro"ibition under Rule 98

NOTE T?AT de'rival o( t"e ri&"t to 'reliminary

investi&ation is NOT A ,ROUND FOR MOTION

TO @UA+?

%%%2 +%!&C" '%/%N) O' "4&

CO#P/A%N" O! %N'O!#A"%ON

(%"4 "4& #"C

$ "en t"e 'enalty is less t"an 6 years -

mont"s and 2 day) not in Metro Manila

or ot"er %"artered %ities .Rule 224 +2/

Di((erentiate Com'laint (rom In(ormation

CO#P/A%N" %N'O!#A"%ON

+worn writtenstatement %"ar&in& a'erson wit" an o((ense

A%%usation in writin&%"ar&in& a 'erson wit"an o((ense

+ubs%ribed byo((ended 'arty) any'ea%e o((i%er) ot"er'ubli% o((i%er %"ar&ed

wit" en(or%ement o(t"e law violated

+ubs%ribed by'rose%utor

Filed wit" t"e %ourt orwit" t"e 'rose%utorKso((i%e

Filed wit" t"e %ourt

must be made underoat"

Need not be underoat"

Usually re(ers to'rivate %rimes

Usually re(erred to'ubli% %rimes

Di((erentiate A((idavit o( Com'laint (rom

Criminal Com'laint

A''%+A,%" O'CO#P/A%N"

C!%#%NA/CO#P/A%N"

Filed by o((ended 'arty Filed by o((ended'arty) 'ea%e o((i%er) or'rose%utor

Title Com'lainant vsRes'ondent

Title Peo'le vsA%%used

.!!Im not sure i( Criminal Com'laint and Criminal

In(ormation are one and t"e same!!/

.As to su%%ession o( t"e 'ro%edure under III) it

will be dis%ussed later on a(ter QI and )

Commen%ement o( Criminal a%tion/

%,2 (A!!AN"/&SS A!!&S"

Note Rule 223 +e%tion 8 in relation to RA 563:

.ri&"t o( 'ersons arrested or detained/

R223 +8

A 'ea%e o((i%er or a 'rivate 'erson may) wit"out

warrant) arrest a 'erson

28


16/67



$ "en in "is 'resen%e) t"e 'erson to be

arrested "as %ommitted) is a%tually

%ommittin&) or is attem'tin& to %ommit

an o((ense

$ "en an o((ense "as >ust been

%ommitted and "e "as 'robable %ause

to believe based on 'ersonal *nowled&e

o( (a%ts or %ir%umstan%es t"at t"e

'erson to be arrested "as %ommitted it

$ "en t"e 'erson to be arrested is a

'risoner w"o "as es%a'ed (rom a 'enal

establis"ment or 'la%e w"ere "e is

servin& (inal >ud&ment) or is tem'orarily%on(ined w"ile "is %ase is 'endin&) or

"as es%a'ed w"ile bein& trans(erred

(rom one %on(inement to anot"er

In t"e (irst - %ases) t"e 'erson arrested wit"out

a warrant s"all be (ort"wit" delivered to t"e

nearest 'oli%e station or >ail and s"all be

'ro%eeded a&ainst in a%%ordan%e wit" +5 o(

Rule 22-

Note (urt"er) t"e ri&"ts o( a 'erson arrested or

detained .Miranda Ri&"ts/) A3 +2-) a''lies

w"ile bein& arrested wit"out warrant

Any 'erson under investi&ation (or %ommission

o( an o((ense s"all "ave t"e ri&"t

2! to be in(ormed o( t"e ri&"t to remain

silent and

-! "ave %om'etent and inde'endent%ounsel 're(erably o( "is own %"oi%e

3! I( t"e 'erson %annot a((ord t"e servi%es

o( %ounsel) "e must be 'rovided wit"

one! T"ese ri&"ts %annot be waived

wit"out writin& and wit"out 'resen%e o(

%ounsel

NOTE T"e 'ro%edures involved "ere may also

a''ly to search incidental to a lawful arrest.R2-9 +23/) w"i%" is de(ined as (ollows

$ A 'erson law(ully arrested may be

sear%"ed (or dan&erous wea'ons or

anyt"in& w"i%" may "ave been used or

%onstitute 'roo( in t"e %ommission o( an

o((ense wit"out a sear%" warrant

Te%"ni%ally) warrantless arrest din an& involved)

?OEER) in (la&rante deli%to "inuli) e 'ano

*un& may 'ana*sa* 'ala) tira"in an& arrestin&

o((i%er ?en%e) >usti(ied!!

ONCE ARRE+TED) +EARC?ED) AND

INCRIMINATIN, EIDENCE A+ +EISED)

T"e arti%le sei#ed would be %on(is%ated

?OEER)

I( t"ere was no law(ul or valid arrest) it (ollows

t"ere t"e in%idental sear%" was also invalid)

"en%e) w"atever was sei#ed (rom t"e 'erson

would be QFRUIT OF T?E POI+ONOU+ TREE)

"en%e) inadmissible as eviden%eob>e%tionable

as eviden%e) and e0%luded by Rules o( Court

and t"e Constitution

A(ter t"e warrantless arrest) t"e ne0t ste' is

C*S"O+%A/ %N,&S"%)A"%ON !A=68>;

$ It is an in


17/67



w"et"er or not ano((ense is %ommittedand t"e 'ersonarrested "as%ommitted t"e saido((ense

&round to en&ender awell (ounded belie( t"ata %rime "as been%ommitted) t"atres'ondent is 'robably&uilty t"ereo() and

s"ould be "eld (or trialCondu%ted byarrestin& o((i%er

Condu%ted byProse%utor Ombudsman as t"e%ase may be

Determine w"et"er ornot t"ere is 'robable%ause t"at a %rime was%ommitted) and t"e'erson arrested%ommitted t"e o((ense

Determine w"et"er ornot a %rime "as been%ommitted) res'ondentis 'robably &uiltyt"ereo() and s"ould be"eld (or trial

Condu%ted in %ase o(warrantless arrestsunder +8 R223

Condu%ted 'rior to(ilin& o( a %om'laint orin(ormation i( t"eo((ense is at least 6years) - mont"s) 2day) no warrantlessarrest

Notes on Custodial Investi&ation

$ +tarts w"en investi&ation is dire%ted to

t"e 'erson arrested and %urrently bein&

investi&ated

$ Person arrested "as t"e ri&"t to be

re'resented by %ounsel 're(erably at "is

own %"oi%e

o IF t"e ri&"ts are not observed)

t"e 'ro%eedin&s %ould be

nulli(ied) and t"e a%%used is to

be a%


18/67



3! I

6! A

1e(ore inudi%ial aut"orities .ille&al detention='ero

arbitrary detention daw sabi ni boss!!! %&e!!!

arbitrary) 'ara walan& talo talo/)

2- "ours$ %rimes 'unis"able by li&"t 'enalties

2: "ours$ %rimes 'unis"able by %orre%tional

'enalties

39 "ours$ %rimes 'unis"able by a((li%tive or

%a'ital 'enalties

EHCEPT i( in a remote 'la%e) "ard (or

trans'ortation to t"e %ity'la#amuni%i'ality in

order to %"ar&e t"e 'erson be(ore t"e %ourt

Re


19/67



In absen%e or unavailability o( in


20/67



t"e o((i%ers)and %"ar&edin %ourt

%rime was%ommitted)and t"e'ersonarrested%ommitted t"e

o((ense

res'ondent is'robably &uiltyt"ereo() ands"ould be"eld (or trial

Condu%ted byin


21/67



Issued by a J*+)&.note +ala#ar v A%"a%oso/

$ not by De'artment +e%retary) not by

Cler* o( Court

72 After e3amination under oath or

affirmation of the complainant and

the witnesses he may produce

Da'at totoo an& statements) or else) mala$liable

(or 'er>ury

$ Proven by

o T+N .trans%ri't o( steno&ra'"i%

notes/

Not by mere @ and A

82 Particularly describing the place to

be searched and things to be sei9ed

which is anywhere in the Philippines

NOTE 'a& wala isan& ree%ts o( sear%" and sei#ure .2-9 +3/

P&!SONA/ P!OP&!"5 .+i&e n&a) *aya mo

bu"atin an& ba"ayB real 'ro'erty/ wit" t"e


22/67



NOT/ sign *y #r issu *y S/ARCIN2

OFFIC/R

IF si&ned by o%%u'ant) and no %ounsel) t"en

tantamount to EHTRA;UDICIAL CONFE++ION

E((e%t

$ Inadmissible as eviden%e an&

PER+ONAL PROPERTIE+ +EISED

durin& t"e sear%"

"yB T"ere is no 'roo( by 'rose%ution t"at t"e

arti%les were sei#ed (rom t"e owner) *asi walan&

list o( inventory and walan& re%ei't in t"e (irst

'la%e da"il n&a "indi sinunod an& re%ei't$

si&ned$by$im'lementin& o((i%er$reud&e

A violation o( t"is se%tion s"all %onstitute

%ontem't o( %ourt!

R2-9 +26$ Motion to


23/67



would li*ewise be DENIED .Reason motion to

su''ress eviden%e is de'endent u'on t"e

motion to


24/67



For t"e %ourt to

'ronoun%e >ud&ment

6! NAME OF T?E OFFENDED PARTG

+2-

$ +tate name and surname o( 'erson

o a&ainst w"om or a&ainst w"ose

'ro'erty t"e o((ense was

%ommitted) or

o any a''ellation or ni%*name by

w"i%" su%" 'erson is or "as

been *nown

$ I( t"ere is no better way o( identi(yin&

"im)

o "e must be des%ribed under a

(i%titious name

$ In o((enses a&ainst 'ro'erty) i( name o(

o((ended 'arty is un*nown)

o t"e 'ro'erty must be des%ribed

wit" su%" 'arti%ularity as to

'ro'erly identi(y t"e o((ense

%"ar&ed

$ I( t"e true name o( t"e 'erson a&ainst

w"om or a&ainst w"ose 'ro'erty t"e

o((ense was %ommitted is t"erea(ter

dis%losed or as%ertained)

o t"e %ourt must %ause su%" true

name to be inserted in t"e

%om'laint or in(ormation and t"e

re%ord

$ i( t"e o((ended 'arty is a >uridi%al 'erson)it is su((i%ient to

o state its name) or

o any name or desi&nation by

w"i%" it is *nown or by w"i%" it

may be identi(ied)

wit"out need o( averrin&

it is a >uridi%al 'erson or

t"at it is or&ani#ed in

a%%ordan%e wit" law

8! APPROHIMATE DATE o( %ommission o(

t"e o((ense

+22

Not ne%essarily to state t"e 're%ise date t"e

o((ense was %ommitted e0%e't w"en it is

material in&redient o( t"e o((ense

T"e o((ense may be alle&ed to "ave been

%ommitted on a date as near as 'ossible to t"e

a%tual date o( its %ommission

EHCEPTION "en date %onstitutes essential

element o( o((ense .in(anti%ide) abortion)

bi&amy/

9! PLACE w"ere o((ense was %ommitted

+24

+u((i%ient i( understood (rom its alle&ations t"att"e o((ense was %ommitted or some o( its

essential elements too* 'la%e wit"in t"e

>urisdi%tion o( t"e %ourt)

UNLE++ t"e 'arti%ular 'la%e w"ere it was

%ommitted %onstitutes an essential element o(

t"e o((ense %"ar&ed or i( ne%essary (or its

identi(i%ation

.E0am'les violation o( domi%ile) tres'ass to

dwellin&/

Rule 222 .salient 'rovisions/

Prose%ution o( Civil A%tion

OCCUR+ AFTER T?E INFORMATION I+

FILED IT? T?E COURT

-6


25/67



Note Arti%les -7) 34) 32) 3-) 33) 36) 38) 39)

-259 o( NCC A244 o( RPC

+2

"en %riminal a%tion is instituted) %ivil a%tion (or

t"e re%overy o( %ivil liability (or t"e o((ense%"ar&ed s"all be deemed instituted in t"e

%riminal a%tion

UNLE++

2! O((ended 'arty waives t"e %ivil a%tion

-! Reserves t"e ri&"t to institute it

se'arately

3! Institutes ri&"t to institute it se'arately

3 s"all be made

2! be(ore t"e 'rose%ution starts 'resentin&

its eviden%e) and

-! under %ir%umstan%es a((ordin& t"e

o((ended 'arty a reasonable o''ortunity

to ma*e su%" reservation

"en o((ended 'arty see*s to en(or%e %ivil

liability a&ainst t"e a%%used by way o( MNTE

dama&es wit"out s'e%i(yin& amount t"ereo( in

%om'laint or in(ormation)

$ (ilin& (ees t"ere(or s"all %onstitute a (irst

lien on t"e >ud&ment awardin& su%"

dama&es

"en amount o( dama&es ot"er t"an a%tual is

s'e%i(ied in t"e %om'laint or in(ormation)

$ %orres'ondin& (ilin& (ees s"all be 'aid

by t"e o((ended 'arty u'on t"e (ilin&

t"ereo( in %ourt

E0%e't as ot"erwise 'rovided in t"ese Rules) no

(ilin& (ees s"all be awarded (or a%tual dama&es

No CC) CrC) 3PC may be (iled by a%%used in t"e

%riminal %ase) but any %ause o( a%tion w"i%"

%ould "ave been t"e sub>e%t t"ereo( may be

liti&ated in a se'arate %ivil a%tion

Deat" o( t"e a%%used .R222 +6/

2! A(ter arrai&nment) durin& 'enden%y o(

%riminal a%tion

$ E0tin&uis" %ivil liability arisin& (rom

a%tion

$ 1UT) ICA under +3 or instituted to

en(or%e liability arisin& (rom ot"er

sour%es o( obli&ation may be %ontinued

a&ainst estate or le&al re'resentatives

o( a%%used)

o A(ter 'ro'er substitution) or

o A&ainst said estate) as t"e %ase

may be

?eirs o( a%%used may be substituted (or

de%eased wit"out reud&ment entered in (avour o( o((ended

'arty s"all be en(or%ed in t"e manner es'e%ially

'rovided (or in t"ese Rules (or 'rose%utin&

%laims a&ainst estate o( de%eased .RELATE TO

R:9 and :5/

-! A%%used dies be(ore arrai&nment)

$ Criminal %ase s"all be dismissed)

$ it"out 're>udi%e to any %ivil a%tion

o((ended 'arty may (ile a&ainst estate o(de%eased 'erson

1P -- %ases .-*2 bar R222 +2b/

-8


26/67


27/67



I( %riminal a%tion is (iled a(ter said %ivil a%tion "as

already been instituted) latter s"all be

sus'ended in w"atever sta&e it may be (ound

be(ore >ud&ment on t"e merits!

+us'ension s"all last until (inal >ud&ment is

entered in t"e %riminal a%tion! Nonet"eless)be(ore >ud&ment on t"e merits is rendered in t"e

%ivil a%tion) t"e same may) u'on motion o(

o((ended 'arty) be %onsolidated wit" t"e %riminal

a%tion in t"e %ourt tryin& t"e %riminal a%tion!

In %ase o( %onsolidation) eviden%e already

addu%ed in t"e %ivil a%tion s"all be deemed

automati%ally re'rodu%ed in t"e %riminal a%tion)

wit"out 're>udi%e to t"e ri&"t o( t"e 'rose%ution

to %ross e0amine t"e witnesses 'resented by

t"e o((ended 'arty in t"e %riminal %ase and o(

t"e 'arties to 'resent additional eviden%e! T"e

%onsolidated %riminal and %ivil a%tions s"all be

tried and de%ided >ointly!

Durin& 'enden%y o( t"e %riminal a%tion) runnin&

o( t"e 'eriod o( 'res%ri'tion o( t"e %ivil a%tion

w"i%" %annot be instituted se'arately or w"ose

'ro%eedin&s "as been sus'ended s"all be

tolled!

E0tin%tion o( t"e 'enal a%tion does not %arry wit"

it t"e e0tin%tion o( t"e %ivil a%tion! ?owever) t"e

%ivil a%tion based on deli%t may be deemed

e0tin&uis"ed i( t"ere is a (indin& in a (inal

>ud&ment in t"e %riminal a%tion t"at t"e a%t or

omission (rom w"i%" t"e %ivil liability may arise

did not e0ist!

R222 +3$ ICA

In %ases 'rovided (or in A3-) 33) 36) -259 o( t"e

NCC) t"e ICA may be brou&"t by t"e o((ended

'arty! It s"all 'ro%eed inde'endently o( t"e%riminal a%tion) and s"all reust %om'ensation w"en 'rivate

'ro'erty is ta*en (or 'ubli% use:! T"e ri&"t to e


28/67



Art! 33! In %ases o( de(amation) (raud) and '"ysi%alin>uries) a %ivil a%tion (or dama&es) entirely se'arateand distin%t (rom t"e %riminal a%tion) may be brou&"tby t"e in>ured 'arty! +u%" %ivil a%tion s"all 'ro%eedinde'endently o( t"e %riminal 'rose%ution) and s"allre


29/67



o .RELATE to DO; Cir 54/

IF not (iled t"is remedy) t"en PROCEED

ACCORDIN,LG

%%2 #O"%ON "O CON+*C"

P!&/%#%NA!5 %N,&S"%)A"%ON

.efore Arraignment;

Rule 224 +2

2! For o((enses w"ere PI is re


30/67



T"e re&istry return %ard s"all be (iled

immediately u'on its re%ei't by t"e sender) or in

lieu t"ereo() t"e un%laimed letter to&et"er wit"

t"e %erti(ied or sworn %o'y o( t"e noti%e &iven by

t"e 'ostmaster to t"e addressee!

:! I( t"e motion is not served to t"e ot"er'arty by 'ersonal servi%e) su%" mode

resorted to must be a%%om'anied by a

written e0'lanation w"y t"e servi%e or

(ilin& was not done 'ersonally! A

violation o( t"is Rule may be %ause to

%onsider t"e 'a'er as not (iled .R23

+22/

&ffect of failure to comply with Sections0 60 0

D of !ule 1

2! t"e motion s"all be treated as a

wort"less 'ie%e o( 'a'er w"i%" t"e %ler*

o( %ourt "as no ri&"t to re%eive and t"e

%ourt "as no aut"ority to a%t u'on .mere

s%ra' o( 'a'er/

-! It does not interru't t"e runnin& o( t"e

'res%ri'tivere&lementary 'eriod (or t"e

(ilin& o( t"e re


31/67



A%%used may move to


32/67



$ File amended in(ormation or %om'laint

DENIED

$ Pro%eed wit" arrai&nment and trial) and

in %ase o( adverse de%ision) (ile an

a''eal assi&nin& as error t"e denial o(t"e motion to e%t it be(ore trial) t"e %ourt s"all

%onvi%t "im o( as many o((enses as are %"ar&edand 'roved) and im'ose on "im t"e 'enalty (or

ea%" o((ense) settin& out se'arately t"e (indin&s

o( (a%t and law in ea%" o((ense

,RANTED

$ File amended %om'laint or in(ormation

DENIED

$ Pro%eed wit" arrai&nment and trial) andin %ase o( adverse de%ision) (ile an

a''eal assi&nin& as error t"e denial o(

t"e motion to


33/67



%ertiorari wit" tem'orary restrainin&

order .+2 R62 in relation to +6 R98/

%2 "4A" "4& ACC*S&+ 4A+ .&&N

P!&,%O*S/5 CON,%C"&+ O!AC?*%""&+ O' "4& O''&NS&

C4A!)&+0 O! "4& CAS& A)A%NS"

4%# (AS +%S#%SS&+ O!

O"4&!(%S& "&!#%NA"&+ (%"4O*"

4%S 'A*/"

A*a DOU1LE ;EOPARDG

Constitutional reurisdi%tion)

o u'on a valid %om'laint or

in(ormation or

o ot"er (ormal %"ar&e su((i%ient in

(orm and substan%e to sustain a

%onvi%tion and

o a(ter t"e a%%used "as 'leaded

to t"e %"ar&e)

t"e %onvi%tion or a%


34/67



(ormer %om'laint or in(ormation under any o( t"e

(( instan%es

$ &raver o((ense develo'ed due to

su'ervenin& (a%ts arisin& (rom same a%t

or omission %onstitutin& t"e (ormer

%"ar&e

$ (a%ts %onstitutin& t"e &raver %"ar&e

be%ame *nown or were dis%overed only

a(ter a 'lea was entered in t"e (ormer

%om'laint or in(ormation

$ t"e 'lea o( &uilty to t"e lesser o((ense

was made wit"out %onsent o( t"e'rose%utor and o( t"e o((ended 'arty)

e0%e't as 'rovided in 2( o( Rule 229

R229 2( .EHCEPTION/

Private o((ended 'arty s"all be re


35/67



EHCEPTION la%* o( >urisdi%tion over t"e

o((ense %"ar&ed

Motion to Quash Demurrer to evidence

(Criminal Cases)Rule 117 Rule 119 S23

Before arraignment After the prosecution

rested its case

9 grounds under S3 R117

Not goes into merits of

the case but anchored on

matters not directly

related to question of

guilt or innocence of

accused

nsufficiency of

e!idence"inadequacy ofe!idence adduced by

prosecution in support of

accusation

Motion to Quash Motion to Dismiss

Rule 117 Rule 1#

$riminal %rocedure $i!il %rocedure

Before arraignment &ithin the t ime for but

before filing ans'er to

the complaint or pleading

asserting a claim

1( grounds )R117 S3* 9 grounds )R1# S1*

f denied+ proceed 'ith

arraignment and trial+

'hen decision is ad!erse+

file an appeal assigning

as error the denial of themotion to quash, f the

denial is tainted 'ith

-A."!iolati!e of due

process+ $ertiorari under

Rule #/ 0 R

f denied+ file ans'er

'ithin balance of the

period 'hich shall not be

less than / days in any

e!ent+ counted fromnotice of denial+ proceed

'ith trial+ and 'hen

decision is ad!erse+ file

an appeal assigning as

error the denial of the

motion to dismiss, f the

denial is tainted 'ith

-A.+ $ertiorari under

Rule #/

f granted+ on ground is

etinguishment )3g* or.4 )3i*+ accused is

acquitted

f granted+ ground is .4+

appeal may still be filed+

but only 'ith respect to

the ci!il aspect+ no

longer the criminalaspect

f on other grounds not

f granted on ground of

litis pendencia+ res5udicata+ paid 'ai!ed

abandoned other'iseetinguished+ or

prescription+ dismissal is

'ith pre5udice+ hence+

appeal is proper remedy

f granted on othergrounds aside from

abo!e stated+ re filing isthe proper remedy

3g or 3i+ and granted+remedy is to file

amended complaint or

information+ because not

a bar to another

prosecution for the same

offense

)ecept in case of 'ilfuland deliberate forum

shopping+ 'hich operates

as dismissal 'ith

pre5udice*

%,2 #O"%ON 'O! A#&N+#&N" O'

"4& %N'O!#A"%ON-C!%#%NA/

CO#P/A%N" .efore Plea;

R224 +26

A %riminal %om'laint or in(ormation may be

amended) in (orm or in substan%e)

$ wit"out leave o( %ourt)

o at any time be(ore a%%used

enters "is 'lea

A(ter t"e 'lea and durin& t"e trial) a (ormal

amendment may only be made

$ wit" leave o( %ourt

$ and w"en it %an be done wit"out

%ausin& 're>udi%e to t"e ri&"ts o( t"e

a%%used

?owever) any amendment be(ore 'lea) w"i%"

$ down&rades nature o( t"e o((ense

%"ar&ed in or

$ e0%ludes any a%%used (rom t"e

%om'laint or in(ormation)

o Can be done only u'on motion

by 'rose%utor)

o it" noti%e to o((ended 'arty)

o it" leave o( %ourt

T"e %ourt s"all state its reasons in resolvin& t"e

motion and %o'ies o( its order s"all be (urnis"ed

all 'arties) es'e%ially t"e o((ended 'arty!

38


36/67



I( it a''ears at any time be(ore >ud&ment t"at a

mista*e "as been made in %"ar&in& t"e 'ro'er

o((ense)

$ T"e %ourt s"all dismiss t"e ori&inal

%om'laint or in(ormation u'on (ilin& o( a

new one %"ar&in& t"e 'ro'er o((ense ina%%ordan%e wit" R227 +2) 'rovided t"e

a%%used would not be 'la%ed in double

>eo'ardy

T"e %ourt may re


37/67



the original charge

Accused could in!oe

double 5eopardy

Accused cannot claim

double 5eopardy

TE+T TO DETERMINE w"et"er Amendment or

+ubstitution

I( de(ense o( t"e a%%used would be rendered

null) not serve its 'ur'ose)

$ +U1+TITUTION

I( not)

$ AMENDMENT

Can t"ere be amendment to %on(orm toeviden%e in %riminal 'ro%edureB

GE+) w"en (a%ts 'roved are di((erent (rom t"e

(a%ts %"ar&ed

In %ase o( mista*e in %"ar&in& t"e 'ro'er

o((ense)

$ Amendment (ollows

o T"e ori&inal %om'laint orin(ormation s"all be dismissed

In %ase o( de(e%t in matters o( (orm or %leri%al

errors)

$ Amendment is allowed

+ubstantial amendments) su%" as in motion to


38/67



$ A((idavit o( t"e 'arty servin& %ontainin&

a (ull statement o( t"e date) 'la%e) and

manner o( servi%e

I( by servi%e is by ordinary mail) 'roo( t"ereo(

s"all %onsist o( an a((idavit o( t"e 'erson mailin&

o( (a%ts s"owin& %om'lian%e wit" +5 o( t"isRule!

I( servi%e is by re&istered mail) 'roo( s"all be

made by su%" a((idavit and re&istry re%ei't

issued by t"e mailin& o((i%e






29! I( t"e motion is not served to t"e ot"er

'arty by 'ersonal servi%e) su%" mode






+22/

&ffect of failure to comply with Sections0 60 0D of !ule 1



o( %ourt "as no ri&"t to re%eive and t"e

%ourt "as no aut"ority to a%t u'on .mere

s%ra' o( 'a'er/

9! It does not interru't t"e runnin& o( t"e


(ilin& o( t"e re


39/67



-! 'ro'erty bond)

3! %as" de'osit) or

6! re%o&ni#an%e

Conditions (or bail .R226 +-/

$ underta*in& s"all be e((e%tive u'on

a''roval) and unless %an%elled) s"all

remain in (or%e at all sta&es o( t"e %ase

until 'romul&ation o( t"e >ud&ment o( t"e

RTC) irres'e%tive o( w"et"er t"e %ase

was ori&inally (iled in or a''ealed to it

$ a%%used s"all a''ear be(ore t"e 'ro'er%ourt w"enever reusti(i%ation and de'ite due

noti%e s"all be deemed a waiver o( "is

ri&"t to be 'resent t"ereat! In su%"

%ase) trial may 'ro%eed in absentia) and

$ bondsman s"all surrender t"e a%%used

to t"e %ourt (or e0e%ution o( t"e (inal

>ud&ment

T"e ori&inal 'a'ers s"all state

2! (ull name and address o( a%%used)

-! amount o( underta*in&

3! %onditions re


40/67



o u'on s"owin& by 'rose%ution)

wit" noti%e to t"e a%%used) o(

t"e (ollowin& or ot"er similar

%ir%umstan%es

a! t"at "e is a re%idivist)


41/67



strong) re&ardless o( t"e sta&e o( t"e %riminal

'rose%ution!

Ma""r #$ is!r"i#n "# "rmin &%"%r

+in! #$ guil" is s"r#ng, *!aus i$ n#", "%n*ail s%#ul * gran"

+:$ 1urden o( 'roo( in a''li%ation (or bail

At a "earin& o( an a''li%ation (or bail (iled by a

'erson in %ustody (or %ommission o( o((ense

'unis"able by deat") RP) LI)

$ 'rose%ution "as t"e burden o( s"owin&

t"at t"e eviden%e o( &uilt is stron&

T"e eviden%e 'resented durin& t"e bail "earin&

s"all be %onsidered automati%ally re'rodu%ed at

t"e trial but) u'on motion o( eit"er 'arty) t"e

%ourt may re%all any witness (or additional

e0amination unless t"e latter is dead) outside

t"e P"ils) or ot"erwise unable to testi(y

+7$ Fa%ts to %onsider amount o( bail

a! (inan%ial ability o( a%%used to&ive bail

b! nature and %ir%umstan%es o( t"e

o((ense

%! 'enalty (or o((ense %"ar&ed

d! %"ara%ter and re'utation o(

a%%used

e! a&e and "ealt" o( a%%used

(! wei&"t o( eviden%e a&ainst

a%%used

&! 'robability o( a%%used a''earin&

at trial

"! (or(eiture o( ot"er bail

i! (a%t t"at a%%used was (u&itive

(rom >usti%e w"en arrested

>! 'enden%y o( ot"er %ases w"ena%%used is on bail

E0%essive bail s"all not be re


42/67


43/67



+28$ Re%o&ni#an%e

"enever allowed by law or t"ese Rules) t"e

%ourt may release a 'erson in %ustody or "is

own re%o&ni#an%e or t"at o( a res'onsible

'erson!

+-9$ 1ail not a bar to ob>e%tions on ille&al

arrest) la%* o( or irre&ular 'reliminary

investi&ation

An a''li%ation (or or admission to bail s"all not

bar t"e a%%used (rom %"allen&in& validity o( "is

arrest or t"e le&ality o( t"e warrant issued

t"ere(or) or (rom assailin& t"e re&ularity or

usti%e) or %"ar&ed

wit" '"ysi%al in>uries

%! "en a%%used does not reside

in t"e 'la%e w"ere t"e violation

o( law or ordinan%e is %ommitted

d! ?as no *nown residen%e

9! "en a%%used started to serve "is

senten%e

"en bail is e0%essive) (ile a motion (or

redu%tion o( bail .R226 +-4/

,%2 #O"%ON 'O! .%// O'

PA!"%C*/A!S before

arraignment;

R229 +7

Accusedmay) before arraignment) move (or a

bill o( a 'arti%ulars to enable "im to 'ro'erly

'lead and 're'are (or trial! T"e motion s"all

s'e%i(y t"e alle&ed de(e%ts o( t"e %om'laint or

in(ormation and t"e details desired!

Pur'ose to %lari(y ambi&uities in t"e in(ormation

Sa*i ni A""y Tan ia& ang a!!us, any #u*"

!ra" *y pr#s!u"i#n sr+s in $a+#r #$

a!!us, %n!, in !as #$ #u*", a!!us

s%#ul * a!4ui""5 /NC/, M#"i#n $#r 6ill #$

Par"i!ulars is n#" pra!"i!al $#r "% a!!us5

6ai" m# lilina&in7 2A2O 8A 6A7 / i

63


44/67



pinayagan m# lang silang lina&in yung !%args

say# a" sigurau%in pagaaul#ng m#555

Motion for Bill of

Particulars in Civ Pro

Motion for Bill of

Particulars in Crim ProRule 12 R11# S9

8ay be filed before

responding to a pleading

8ay be filed before

arraignment

Address any matter in

the pleading not a!erred'ith sufficient

definiteness or

particularity

Address alleged defects

in the criminal complaintor information

%urpose is to prepare

responsi!e pleading

%urpose is to enable

properly to plead and

prepare for trial

Are there #odes of +iscoveries in Criminal

Procedure

GE+) relate to R-3 and R-6 .instan%esmodes/

$ Conditional e0amination o( a witness on

t"e 'art o( a%%used) w"ere witness "as

no intention o( returnin&

$ "en witness is dead or i( not) is

residin& more t"an 244*m (rom 'la%e o(

trial or "earin&) or out o( P"ils) unless

absen%e was 'ro%ured by 'arty o((erin&

t"e de'osition

$ itness is unable to attend or testi(y

due to a&e) si%*ness) in(irmity)

im'risonment

$ Party o((erin& t"e de'osition "as been

unable to 'ro%ure attendan%e o( witness

by sub'oena

$ E0%e'tional %ir%umstan%es in interest o(

>usti%e

$ In %ase o( 'rodu%tion or ins'e%tion o(

do%uments

$ Produ%tion or ins'e%tion o( material

eviden%e in 'ossession o( 'rose%ution

.R229 +24/

NOTE 1y #O"%ON

!e@uisites of a valid motion:

25! In writin&) e0%e't t"ose made u'on in

o'en %ourt or in t"e %ourse o( a "earin&

or trial .R28 +-/

2:! Must be veri(ied and a%%om'anied by an

a((idavit o( merit i( t"e &round (or t"e

motion is FAME

27! +"all state t"e (ollowin& .R28 +3/

a! Relie( sou&"t to be obtained

b! ,rounds u'on w"i%" it is based

and

%! I( re


45/67



R23 +23

Proo( o( 'ersonal servi%e s"all %onsist o(

$ ritten admission o( 'arty served or

$ O((i%ial return o( t"e server or

$ A((idavit o( t"e 'arty servin& %ontainin&

a (ull statement o( t"e date) 'la%e) and

manner o( servi%e

I( by servi%e is by ordinary mail) 'roo( t"ereo(

s"all %onsist o( an a((idavit o( t"e 'erson mailin&

o( (a%ts s"owin& %om'lian%e wit" +5 o( t"is

Rule!

I( servi%e is by re&istered mail) 'roo( s"all be

made by su%" a((idavit and re&istry re%ei't

issued by t"e mailin& o((i%e






-6! I( t"e motion is not served to t"e ot"er

'arty by 'ersonal servi%e) su%" mode






+22/

&ffect of failure to comply with Sections0 60 0

D of !ule 1



o( %ourt "as no ri&"t to re%eive and t"e%ourt "as no aut"ority to a%t u'on .mere

s%ra' o( 'a'er/

24! It does not interru't t"e runnin& o( t"e


(ilin& o( t"e re


46/67



(arrant of arrest was issued:

File motion to


47/67


48/67



d! meet wit" witnesses (a%e to (a%e

e! "ave %om'ulsory 'ro%ess tose%ure attendan%e o( witness

and 'rodu%tion o( eviden%e in

"is be"al(

?owever) a(ter arrai&nment) trial may 'ro%eed

notwit"standin& t"e absen%e o( t"e a%%used)

'rovided "e "as been duly noti(ied and "is

(ailure to a''ear is un>usti(iable!

Co'y o( t"e %riminal %om'laintin(ormation s"all

be &iven to a%%used and %ounsel .(( AM -$2$2:$

+C a*a ;uveniles in Con(li%t wit" t"e Law/

"ere arrai&nment is made"ow madeB

2! In o'en %ourt w"ere %om'laint or

in(ormation "as been (iled or assi&ned

(or trial

-! 1y t"e >ud&e or %ler* o( %ourt

3! 1y (urnis"in& a%%used wit" a %o'y o(

%om'laint or in(ormation

6! Readin& it in a lan&ua&e or diale%t

*nown to a%%used

8! As*in& a%%used w"et"er "e 'leads

&uilty or not &uilty

9! +"all be made o( re%ord) but (ailure to

enter o( re%ord s"all not a((e%t validity o(

'ro%eedin&s

"en arrai&nment is "eld wit"in a s"orter

'eriod

2! "en a%%used is under 'reventive

sus'ension) "is %ase s"ould be ra((led

wit"in 3 days (rom (ilin& and a%%used

s"all be arrai&ned wit"in 24 days (rom

re%ei't by t"e >ud&e o( t"e re%ords o( t"e

%ase .RA:673 a*a +'eedy Trial A%t/

-! "ere %om'lainant is about to de'art(rom t"e P"ils wit" no de(inite date o(

return) a%%used s"ould be arrai&ned

wit"out delay .RA674:/

3! Cases under RA5924 .C"ild Abuse A%t/)

t"e trial s"all be %ommen%ed wit"in 3

days (rom arrai&nment

6! Cases under +C AO 246$79 ."einous

%rimes) violations o( Intelle%tual Pro'erty

Ri&"ts Law) t"ese %ases must be tried

%ontinuously until terminated wit"in 94

days (rom %ommen%ement o( t"e trial

and to be de%ided wit"in 34 days (rom

t"e submission o( t"e %ase

Rules on arrai&nment

2! Trial in absentia may be %ondu%ted onlya(ter valid arrai&nment

-! A%%used must 'ersonally a''ear durin&

arrai&nment and enter "is 'lea .%ounsel

%annot enter 'lea (or a%%used/

3! A%%used is 'resumed to "ave been

validly arrai&ned in t"e absen%e o( 'roo(

to t"e %ontrary

6! ,enerally) >ud&ment is void i( a%%used

"ad not validly arrai&ned

6:


49/67



8! I( a%%used went into trial wit"out bein&

arrai&ned) subseusti(yin&

sus'ension o( t"e arrai&nment)

s"all be e0%luded in %om'utin&

t"e 'eriod

"en s"ould 'lea o( not &uilty be entered

2! "en a%%used so 'leaded

-! "en "e re(uses to 'lead

3! "ere in admittin& t"e a%t %"ar&ed) "e

sets u' matters o( de(ense or wit" law(ul

>usti(i%ation

6! "en "e enters a %onditional 'lea o(

&uilty

8! "ere) a(ter a 'lea o( &uilty) "e

introdu%es eviden%e o( sel( de(ense or

ot"er e0%ul'atory %ir%umstan%es

9! "en t"e 'lea is inde(inite or

ambi&uous

A%%used to 'ersonally enter "is 'lea

No 'lea$ not &uilty

Conditional 'lea$ not &uilty

E0%ul'atory$ not &uilty

67


50/67



Im'rovident 'lea later wit"drawn$ allowed) not

admissible a&ainst admitter

$ I( %a'ital o((ense at t"e time o( t"e

a''li%ation (or bail) 'unis"able by RP)

o ;ud&e may as* (or voluntarinesso( said 'lea

Un%onditional 'lea o( &uilt admits o( t"e %rime

and all t"e attendant %ir%umstan%es alle&ed in

t"e in(ormation in%ludin& t"e alle&ations o(

%ons'ira%y and warrants o( >ud&ment o(

%onvi%tion wit"out need o( (urt"er eviden%e)

EHCEPT

2! "ere t"e 'lea o( &uilty was %om'elledby violen%e or intimidation

-! "en a%%used did not (ully understand

t"e meanin& and %onseurisdi%tion

In %ase o( 'lea to lesser o((ense) t"e ;ud&e may

allow t"e 'rose%ution to 'rovide eviden%e to

determine t"e 'ro'er 'enalty!

Rule 229 +2(

T"e 'rivate o((ended 'arty s"all be re


51/67



%om'laint or in(ormation is

ne%essary

$ I( a%%used entered 'lea to a lesser

o((ense wit"out %onsent o( o((ended'arty and t"e 'rose%utor and t"e

%onvi%ted)

o ?is subseud&e between t"e 'arties and t"eir

res'e%tive %ounsels

Im'ortan%e o( Pre$Trial

2! It %overs not only t"e 'eriod te%"ni%ally

de(ined in Rule 22: but also t"at 'eriod

(rom (ilin& o( t"e in(ormation u' to t"e

a%tual %ondu%t o( trial

-! En%om'asses many le&al remedies

su%" as (ilin& o( motion to


52/67



$ Mar*in& (or identi(i%ation o( eviden%e o(

t"e 'arties

$ aiver o( ob>e%tions to admissibility o(

eviden%e

$ Modi(i%ation o( t"e order o( trial i( t"e

a%%used admits t"e %"ar&e but

inter'oses a law(ul de(ense

$ +u%" matters as will 'romote a (air and

e0'editious trial o( t"e %ivil and %riminal

as'e%ts o( t"e %ase

+-$ Pre Trial a&reement

All a&reements or admissions made or entered

durin& t"e 're trial %on(eren%e s"all be redu%ed

in writin& and si&ned by t"e a%%used and

%ounsel) ot"erwise) t"ey %annot be used a&ainst

t"e a%%used! T"e a&reements %overin& t"e

matters re(erred to in +2 o( t"is Rule s"all bea''lied

+3$ Non a''earan%e at t"e 're trial %on(eren%e

I( %ounsel (or a%%used or 'rose%utor does not

a''ear at t"e 're trial %on(eren%e and does not

o((er an a%%e'table e0%use (or "is la%* o(

%oo'eration) t"e %ourt may im'ose t"e 'ro'er

san%tions and 'enalties

+6$ Pre Trial Order

A(ter t"e 're trial %on(eren%e) t"e %ourt s"all

ma*e an order re%itin&

2! A%tions ta*en

-! Fa%ts sti'ulated

3! Eviden%e mar*ed

+u%" order s"all)

2! 1ind t"e 'arties

-! Limit t"e trial to matters not dis'osed o(

3! Control %ourse o( a%tion durin& t"e trial

a! Unless modi(ied by t"e %ourt to

'revent mani(est >usti%e

.as amended) -446/

Pre rial in CriminalCases Pre rial in Civil Cases

$ 8andatory requirement

After arraignment+

'ithin 3( days from the

date the court acquires

5urisdiction o!er the

accused

After the last pleading

asserting a claim has been

ser!ed and filed

Rule 11: Rule 1:

No pre trial brief %re trial brief is required

to be filed and ser!ed

$ounsel of accused and

prosecutor are required

to appear

%arties and counsel are

required to appear

Non appearance may be

ecused only if !alid

cause is sho'n+ or

representati!e shall

appear in behalf duly

authori;ed in 'riting toenter into amicable

settlement+ submit to

A.R+ enter into

stipulations of facts and

of document

ailure of counsel of

accused or prosecutor to

appear+ and 'ithout

acceptable ecuse for

lac of cooperation+court may impose

proper sanctions or

penalties

%resence of pri!ate

offended party is not

ailure of plaintiff to

appear+ dismissal of the

case 'ith pre5udice+

unless other'ise ordered

by the court

ailure of defendant to

appear+ plaintiff to

present e!idence e parte

8-


53/67



required )as onlyrequired to appear at

arraignment*

%r< trial agreement is in

'riting+ signed by

accused and counsel+ orelse+ cannot be used

against accused

Signed by parties and

counsel )=*

$onsiderations in pre

trial conference>

$ %lea bargaining$ Stipulation of

facts

$ 8aring ofidentification of

e!idence of the

parties

$ &ai!er ofob5ections to

admissibility of

e!idence

$ 8odification oforder of trial if

accused admits

the charge but

interposes a

la'ful defense

$ Such matters as'ill promote a

fair and

epeditious

trial of the

criminal andci!il aspects of

the case

$onsiderations in pre

trial>

$ %ossibility ofamicable

settlement or

submission to

alternati!e

modes of dispute

resolution

$ Simplification ofthe issues

$ Necessity ordesirability of

amendments to

the pleadings

$ %ossibility ofobtaining

stipulations or

admissions of

facts and of

documents toa!oid

unnecessary

proof

$ ?imitation on thenumber of

'itnesses

$ Ad!isability ofpreliminary

conference of

issues to

commissioner

$ %ropriety ofrendering

5udgment on the

pleadings+summary

5udgment+

dismissing the

action should a!alid ground

therefor be found

to eist

$ Ad!isability or

necessity ofsuspending the

proceedings

$ Such othermatters as may

aid in the prompt

disposition of the

action

Criminal Cases are not subject of amicable

settlement-mediation0 &EC&P":

2! 1P--

-! Civil liability arisin& (rom %rime

3! Esta(a

6! T"e(t

8! @uasi o((enses

9! Mediatable o((enses

Motion to amend 're trial order

$ Allowed i( &ranted) 're trial may be

modi(ied a%%ordin&ly

A$"r Pr Trial,

TRIAL

83


54/67



Rule 227 in relation to Rule 23-

R227 +2

A(ter 'lea o( not &uilty is entered) a%%used s"all

"ave at least 28 days to 're'are (or trial! T"e

trial s"all %ommen%e wit"in 34 days (rom re%ei'to( t"e 're trial order!

+-

Trial on%e %ommen%ed s"all %ontinue

@ (rom day to day as (ar as 'ra%ti%ableuntil terminated

o It may be 'ost'oned (or a

reasonable 'eriod o( time

(or &ood %ause

T"e %ourt s"all) a(ter %onsultation wit" t"e

'rose%utor and de(ense %ounsel)

$ set t"e %ause (or %ontinuous trial on

$ a wee*ly or

$ ot"er s"ort term trial %alendar at t"e

earliest 'ossible time

so as to ensure s'eedy trial

In no %ase s"all t"e entire trial 'eriod e0%eed2:4 days (rom t"e (irst day o( trial) e0%e't as

ot"erwise aut"ori#ed by t"e +u'reme Court!

T"e time limitations 'rovided under t"is +e%tion

and t"e 're%edin& se%tion s"all not a''ly

@ w"ere s'e%ial laws or %ir%ulars o( t"e+u'reme Court 'rovide (or a s"orter'eriod o( trial

+22$ Order o( Trial

T"e trial s"all 'ro%eed in t"e (ollowin& order

a! T"e 'rose%ution s"all 'resent

@ eviden%e to 'rove t"e %"ar&e) and)

@ in t"e 'ro'er %ase) t"e %ivil liability

b! T"e a%%used may 'resent

eviden%e

@ to 'rove "is de(ense and@ dama&es) i( any)

o arisin& (rom t"e issuan%e o(

a 'rovisional remedy in t"e%ase

%! T"e 'rose%ution and t"ede(ense may) in t"at order)'resent

@ rebuttal and@ sur$rebuttal eviden%e unless

o t"e %ourt) in (urt"eran%e o(

>usti%e) 'ermits t"em to'resent additional eviden%ebearin& u'on t"e main issue

d! U'on admission o( t"e eviden%eo( t"e 'arties) t"e

@ %ase s"all be deemed submitted (orde%ision

o unless t"e %ourt dire%ts

t"em to ar&ue orally or tosubmit written 'ro'a&anda

e! "en t"e a%%used admits t"ea%t or omission %"ar&ed in t"e%om'laint or in(ormation butinter'oses a law(ul de(ense)

@ t"e order o( trial may be modi(ied

86


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RULE 222 +2 in Relation to RULE 23-$ ORDER

OF TRIAL

T"is order is to be (ollowed) e0%e't in %ase o(

@ inverted or reverse trial) in %ase o(

law(ul de(ense) w"ere a%%used'resents (irst

@ %ourtKs own dis%retion

12 Prosecutionud&ment on t"e basis o( eviden%e

(or t"e 'rose%ution

T"e motion (or leave o( %ourt to (ile demurrer to

eviden%e s"all s'e%i(i%ally state its &rounds and

s"all be (iled wit"in a non e0tendible 'eriod o( 8

days a(ter t"e 'rose%ution rests its %ase! T"e

'rose%ution may o''ose t"e motion wit"in a

non$e0tendible 'eriod o( 8 days (rom its re%ei't!

T"e order denyin& t"e motion (or leave o( %ourt

to (ile demurrer to eviden%e or t"e demurrer

itsel( s"all not be reviewable by a''eal or

%ertiorari be(ore >ud&ment

.emurrer to e!idence in

$i!il %rocedure

.emurrer to e!idence in

$riminal %rocedure

Rule 33 Rule 119 S23

No lea!e of court

required

&ith or 'ithout lea!e of

court

f 'ith lea!e of court+

accused could present

e!idence if demurrer is

denied

f 'ithout lea!e of court+

accused could not present

e!idence if demurrer is

denied

f court finds that

e!idence is insufficient

)plaintiff has sho'n no

right to relief*+ complaint

f court finds that

prosecutions e!idence is

insufficient+ demurrer

granted+ accused is

88


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dismissed as demurrer isgranted

acquitted

4udgment of acquittal not

appealable+ hence+ .4

sets in

4udgment of dismissal is

appealable

f demurrer is granted

but on appeal+ order of

dismissal is re!ersed+defendant is deemed to

ha!e 'ai!ed the right to

present e!idence

)N res 5udicata in

dismissal due to

demurrer*

4udgment of acquittal is

not appealable .4 sets in

%laintiff files motion to

deny motion due to

demurrer to e!idence

$ourt may motu proprio

deny motion

f court denies demurrer+

defendant 'ill present

e!idence

f court denies demurrer+

&ith ?o$@ accused may

present e!idence

&" ?o$@ accused can

no longer present

e!idence and submits

case for decision based

on prosecutions

e!idence

In order to (ile demurrer to eviden%e) (ile motion

(or leave o( %ourt to (ile demurrer to eviden%e)

and atta%" t"e demurrer to eviden%e

@ i( t"e demurrer to eviden%e is not

atta%"ed) it would be %onsidered as

demurrer wit"out leave o( %ourt)

"en%e) waiver o( 'resentation o(

eviden%e by a%%used i( demurrer is

denied) and %ase submitted (or

>ud&ment on basis o( eviden%e o(

t"e 'rose%ution

#otion for leave of court to file demurrer to

evidence:

@ to be (iled wit"in a NON

EHTENDI1LE PERIOD o( +A5S

a(ter t"e 'rose%ution rests its %ase

o .Prose%ution may o''ose

t"e motion wit"in a 'eriod o(

8 DAG+ non e0tendible

'eriod) (rom its re%ei't/

+*!!&! "O &,%+&NC&:

@ I( leave o( %ourt is &ranted) demurrer

to be (iled wit"in a NON

EHTENDI1LE PERIOD o( 1B +A5S

(rom noti%e

o

.Prose%ution may o''osewit"in a similar 'eriod (rom

re%ei't/

"he order denying motion for leave of court

to file demurrer to evidence or demurrer

itself0

@ +"all not be reviewable by a''eal or

by %ertiorari be(ore >ud&ment

4&NC&0 in such a case0 what will be your

remedy

@ Pro%eed wit" t"e trial) in %ase o(

adverse de%ision) (ile an a''eal)

assi&nin& as error t"e order denyin&

t"e motion (or leave o( %ourt to (ile

demurrer to eviden%e or t"e

demurrer itsel(

Can "here be demurrer to evidence insummary procedure

GE+! It is not a 'ro"ibited 'leadin&

I( demurrer is denied)

A%%used must 'resent eviden%e in %"ie(

89


57/67



IF DEMURRER TO EIDENCE is IT? LEAE

OF COURT)

@ Case is already (or >ud&ment

72 Accused2 J*+)#&N"

%&DGMENT

Rule 2-4

Judgment

R2-4 +2

;ud&ment is t"e Ad>udi%ation o( t"e %ourt t"at

t"e a%%used is &uilty or not &uilty o( t"e o((ense

%"ar&ed and t"e im'osition on "im o( t"e 'ro'er

'enalty and %ivil liability i( any!

It must be

@ written in t"e o((i%ial lan&ua&e)

@ 'ersonally and dire%tly 're'ared by

t"e >ud&e and

@ si&ned by "im

@ s"all %ontain %learly and distin%tly a

statement o( t"e (a%ts and t"e law

u'on w"i%" it is based

J*+)#&N" CAN &%"4&! .&:

Conviction or [email protected] 2-4 +-$ %ontents

o( >ud&ment/

+TATE T?E FOLLOIN,

For CONICTION .a%%used still "as remedies/

@ le&al


58/67



o UNLE++) t"e en(or%ement

o( %ivil liability by a se'arate

%ivil a%tion "as been

reserved or waived

For AC@UITTAL .no more remedy (or

'rose%ution %ant a''eal t"e %riminal as'e%t

anymore/

@ "et"er t"e eviden%e o( t"e

'rose%ution

o Absolutely (ailed to 'rove

&uilt o( t"e a%%used or

o Merely (ailed to 'rove "is

&uilt beyond reasonable

doubt

In eit"er %ase) >ud&ment s"all determine i( t"e

a%t or omission (rom w"i%" t"e %ivil liability mi&"t

arise did not e0ist!

Promulgation of Judgment !17B SD;:

IMPORTANT Par 2

T"e >ud&ment is 'romul&ated by readin& it in t"e

'resen%e o( t"e a%%used and any >ud&e o( t"e

%ourt in w"i%" it was rendered!

?owever) i( t"e %onvi%tion is (or a li&"t o((ense)

t"e >ud&ment may be 'ronoun%ed in t"e

'resen%e o( "is %ounsel o( re'resentative!

"en t"e >ud&e is absent or outside t"e

'rovin%e or %ity) t"e >ud&ment may be

'romul&ated by t"e %ler* o( %ourt!

O"4&! PA!S:

I( t"e a%%used is %on(ined or detained in anot"er

'rovin%e or %ity) t"e >ud&ment may be

'romul&ated

@ by t"e e0e%utive >ud&e o( t"e Re&ional

Trial Court "avin& >urisdi%tion over t"e

'la%e o( %on(inement or detention

o u'on t"e reud&ment

T"e %ourt 'romul&atin& t"e >ud&ment s"all "ave

aut"ority to

@ a%%e't t"e noti%e o( a''eal and

@ to a''rove t"e bail bond 'endin& a''eal

Provided) t"at i( t"e de%ision o( t"e trial %ourt

%onvi%tin& t"e a%%used

@ %"an&ed t"e nature o( t"e o((ense (rom

non$bailable to bailable)

o t"e a''li%ation (or bail %an only

be (iled and resolved by t"e

a''ellate %ourt

T"e 'ro'er %ler* o( %ourt s"all &ive noti%e to t"e

a%%used

@ 'ersonally or

@ t"rou&" "is bondsman or

@ warden and %ounsel)

re


59/67


60/67



Note t"e (ollowin& rules

C?ILD ITNE++ EHAMINATION RULE

@ Leadin& ud&ment be%omes (inal

.%ounted (rom 'romul&ation B o( >ud&ment/

NOTE (res" 'eriod rule a''lies in %ase o( M6R

or MNT) %ounted (rom denial o( M6R or MNT

+2$ at any time be(ore >ud&ment or %onvi%tion

be%omes (inal) t"e %ourt may) on motion o(

a%%used or at its own instan%e but wit" %onsent

o( a%%used) &rant re%onsideration or new trial

#otion for reconsideration !171;

,rounds .+3/

@ Errors o( law OR

@ Errors o( (a%t

o In t"e >ud&ment

re


61/67



@ T"at new and material eviden%e "as

been dis%overed w"i%" a%%used %ould

not "ave wit" reasonable dili&en%e "ave

dis%overed and 'rodu%ed at t"e trial and

w"i%" i( introdu%ted and admitted would'robable %"an&e t"e result

Motion for $e% rial

in Criminal Cases

Motion for $e% rial in

Civil Cases

Rule 121 Rule 37

1/ days before 5udgment

becomes final

&ithin the period for

taing an appeal )1/ or3( depending*

-rounds>

@ 6rrors of la' orirregularities

pre5udicial to

the substantial

rights of the

accused ha!e

been con!icted

during the trial

@ hat ne' and

material

e!idence has

been disco!ered

'hich accusedcould not ha!e

'ith reasonable

diligence ha!edisco!ered and

produced at the

trial and 'hich

if introducted

and admitted

'ould probable

change the

result

-rounds>

@ A86 'hichordinary

prudence could

not ha!e

guarded against

and by reason of

'hich such

aggrie!ed party

has probablybeen impaired

in his rights+ or

@ Ne'ly

disco!erede!idence+'hich

he could not+

'ith reasonablediligence+ ha!e

disco!ered and

produced at the

trial+ and 'hich

if presented

'ould probably

alter the result

Ot"er 'rovisions

+6$ Form o( motion and noti%e to t"e 'rose%utor

T"e motion (or new trial or re%onsideration s"all

be in writin& and s"all state t"e &rounds on

w"i%" it is based! I( based on newly dis%overed

eviden%e) t"e motions must be su''orted by

a((idavits o( witnesses by w"om su%" eviden%e

is e0'e%ted to be &iven or by duly aut"enti%ated

%o'ies o( do%uments w"i%" are 'ro'osed to be

introdu%ed in eviden%e! Noti%e o( t"e motion (or

new trial or re%onsideration s"all be &iven to t"e

'rose%utor

+8$ ?earin& on motion

"ere a motion (or new trial %alls (or resolution

o( any


62/67



and a new >ud&ment rendered

a%%ordin&ly!

!&OP&N%N) O' "!%A/ !ule 11G S76;

R227 +-6

At any time be(ore (inality o( t"e >ud&ment o(

%onvi%tion) t"e >ud&e may) motu 'ro'rio or u'on

motion) wit" "earin& in eit"er %ase) reo'en t"e

'ro%eedin&s to avoid mis%arria&e o( >usti%e! T"e

'ro%eedin&s s"all be terminated wit"in 34 days

(rom t"e order &rantin& it!

.T"e se%ond time t"is %on%e't is mentioned) is

as a 'ro"ibited 'leadin& under t"e Rules on

+ummary Pro%edure!/

Com'are t"e (ollowin& remedies in %riminal

%ases

Motion for $e%

rial

Motion for

"econsideration

Motion for

"eo&ening of

rial

-RCN.S>

6rrors of la' or

irregularitiespre5udicial to thesubstantial rightsof the accused

ha!e beencon!icted duringthe trial

hat ne' andmaterial e!idencehas beendisco!ered 'hich

accused could notha!e 'ith

reasonable

diligence ha!edisco!ered and

produced at the

trial and 'hich ifintroducted andadmitted 'ould

probable change

the result

6rrors of la' or

facts in the5udgment

Admission of

additionale!idence

8ade at any time before 5udgment of At any time

con!iction becomes final before finality of

5udgment ofcon!iction

nly after eitheror both the partiesha!e formally

offered andclosed theire!idence before

5udgment

Based on specific grounds $ontrolled by norules pro!ided

for+ but byparamount

interests of5ustice restingentirely of sounddiscretion of trial

court+ theeercise of 'hichdiscretion 'ill

not be re!ie'edon appealCN?6SS clearabuse thereof issho'n

I( 'enalty is not 9 years) PRO1ATION LA

APPLIE+ .+ee Criminal Law/

Note t"at a(ter t"e (ilin& o( in(ormation u' to

be(ore >ud&ment) PROI+IONAL REMEDIE+CAN 1E AAILED .Rule 2-5 in relation to Rules

85$92/

Rule 2-5

+2$ Availability o( 'rovisional remedies

T"e 'rovisional remedies in %ivil a%tions) inso(ar

as t"ey are a''li%able) may be availed o( in

%onne%tion wit" t"e %ivil a%tion deemed

instituted wit" t"e %riminal a%tion!

LIJE

@ Preliminary atta%"ment

@ Preliminary in>un%tion .and TRO/

@ Re%eivers"i'

@ Re'levin

9-


63/67

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