SHOVEL EXCAVATOR
EXCAVATORS
1Submitted by:Karthik V (MT15CTM006)Faisal V A (MT15CTM004)
EXCAVATORS:An excavator has been defined as a power-driven
digging machine, usually mounted on crawler tracks. The major types
of excavators used in construction include hydraulically powered
excavators and the members of the crane-shovel family. However,
dozers and scrapers are also capable of excavating soil and rock.
2
HISTORY1.FIRST APPEARED IN LATE 1700S/EARLY 1800S2.IN 1990 HAD A
LONG CONVENTIONAL COUNTER WEIGHT ON REAR END
4
CRAWLER EXCAVATOR Crawler excavator runs on two endless tracks
(chain wheel system). These types of excavators are used in hilly
areas where risks of sliding of machinery are on the verge. Crawler
type excavator has low ground pressure because of spreading of load
on large area. Therefore, it is also used where soil support is
weak.
6WHEEL EXCAVATORWheel excavator runs on wheels and are used for
excavation and loading of dump trucks and most of the time it is
only used for plain ground operations. Because of wheel, it is not
suitable for hilly areas due to low grip value to the ground.
7
POWER SHOVEL EXCAVATORSBACK HOE EXCAVATORFRONT SHOVEL
EXCAVATOR
THREE TYPES...
7
POWER SHOVEL EXCAVATORLong-lasting and useful class of earth
moving equipmentCapable of excavating all types of earth except
hard rockSize of power shovel varies from 0.375-1.05m3It may be
crawler mounted or wheel mounted shovels
8
9Crawler mounted shovel:Low speedEffective in unstable soilWheel
mounted shovel:Higher speedEffective only in firm ground
Power shovel efficiency depends on: Class of materialDepth of
cuttingAngle of swingJob conditionsManagement conditionsSize of
hauling unitsSkill of the operatorPhysical condition of the
shovel
10
11
Applications:Suitable for close range workCapable of digging
very hard materials & remove big bouldersUsed in digging in
gravel banks , clay pits , digging cuts in road works , road-side
berms etc.12
Back hoe excavatorAlso known as hoe , back shovel & pull
shovelUsed to excavate below the natural surface on which it
restsHoes used to excavate trenches , pits for basemants &
grading worksUsed to establish natural slopes
13
In strom drain and utility work the hoe can perform the trench
excavation and can handle the pipe by eliminating a second
machineThere are special buckets for everything from light sand to
hard rock digging
14
Parts of a back hoe excavator15
16
Ideal Production:
Applications:Suitable for digging below the machine
levelEffectively used to dress or trim the surface avoiding the use
of manual effort for dressing the excavated surface
18
FRONT SHOVEL EXCAVATOR19
Track system
Front excavatorUsed predominately for hard digging above track
level and loading haul unitsLoading of shot rock will be a typical
applicationShovel is capable of developing a high break out
forceThe material being excavated should be such that it will stand
with a fairly vertical face
20
Front shovel excavatorHigh excavation rate due to unique front
shovel and side tip operationProlec laser system enables excavation
to a more accurate level resulting in quicker excavation rates
while reducing the chance of over-digging
21
Improved track quality due to the excavation action (pushing
into spoil rather than pulling it back)Fewer machine controllers on
site meaning less risk and safer operations
22
23
24
25
Factors afecting shovel excavators are:Class of materialHeight
of cutAngle of swingSize of houling unitsOperator skillPhysical
conditions of the shovel
26
Calculating shovel productionFour elements in the production
cycle of a shovel are:Load bucketSwing the loadDump loadReturn
swing
Ideal Production:
29
Thank you...
