Geographers use 2- and 3- dimensional tools to learn about the earth.

Geographers use computer assisted technology to study the earth.

Globes Help Geographers study the world.

What are some advantages/disadvantages of using globes?

Globes provide a proportional view of the earth as it travels through space.

They are not easily portable.

You can only see half of it at a time.

Cartographers make maps, which are two-dimensional representations of earth.

What are some advantages and disadvantages of maps?

Easily portable Can be drawn to any scale needed Distortion occurs as maps are flattened A map projection is a way of drawing the

earth’s surface that reduces distortion caused by presenting a round earth on flat paper.

Size of scale is determined by detail. Large scale maps are needed to show many

details. LARGE SCALE = LARGE DETAIL Small scale maps are needed when fewer

details are shown. SMALL SCALE = SMALL DETAIL!!!!!

What are some examples of places that would need a large scale?

What are some examples of places that would need a small scale?

1. General Reference - (Political, Physical, Topographic)

2. Thematic 3. Navigational

General Reference maps are used for people to acquire information.

Physical maps help you see the types of landforms and bodies of water in a specific area.

P. 20 in book

Political maps show features on the earth’s surface that humans created.

Cities, states, provinces, territories, or countries may be on a political map.

P. 21

Topographic maps are types of general reference maps. They show natural and

man-made features on earth.

Thematic maps focus on specific types of information. (ex: population density, vegetation, weather maps, resources,

qualitative)

Use colors, symbols, dots, or lines to help you see a pattern.

Surveying

• Surveyors observe, measure, record what they see in a specific area.

They use remote sensing (gathering data from a distance) to do this.

• Remote sensing includes:- aerial photography- satellite imaging

Geographers use Landsat and Geostationary Operational Environment Satellite (GOES) to gather geographic data.

Landsat is a series of satellites that can scan the entire planet in 16 days.

GOES orbits the earth and gathers atmospheric information used for forecasting weather.

GIS stores geographic info in a database.

Geographers use GIS to solve problems.

GIS provides maps, aerial photographs, satellite images, and other data.

Can you think of an example of a GIS?

Originally developed for military reasons.

Uses 24 satellites to show exact location on earth.

Who might use GPS?