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FARMAKOLOGIPADA KEDARURATAN
KLINIS
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MANIFESTASI KEDARURATANKLINIS
1. Kehilangan kesadaran (k !a"#. S$ k
%. Peningka&an &ekanan darah'. Sesak na as $ang )era&*. Rasa saki& $ang he)a&
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PRINSIP PENGGUNAAN O+ATPADA KEDARURATAN KLINIS
1. M,la ker-a $ang e/a& (Ra/id nse& a &i n"
#. Re0ersi)ili&as $ang e/a&%. E ek sa!/ing !ini!al'. Tidak )ersi a& an&igenik
*. T ksisi&as $ang rendah
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O+AT O+AT 2ANG LA3IMDIGUNAKAN
1. O)a& ,n&,k !enga&asi k ndisi hilangn$akesadaran ses,ai dengan /en$e)a)n$a
#. Analgesik / &en
%. 4as k ns&rik& r'. 4as dila& r*. S&i!,lan -an&,ng5. Di,re&ik,!6. An&i in7a!asi / &en8. +r nk dila& r (!,la ker-a e/a&"9. An&id &,! s/esi:k (/ada kera ,nan"
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O)a& ,n&,k !enga&asihilangn$a kesadaran(k !a"ses,ai dengan /en$e)a)n$a
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KOMA ;IPERGLIKEMIKUM
INSULINReg,lar ins,lin <
Sh r& a &ing s l,)le ins,lin da/a&di)erikan se ara i.0 a&a, denganin ,si n /,!/Sh r& a &ing s l,&i n r$s&aline =inins,lin di)erikan se ara s. > e ek&erliha& dala! 1* !eni& dan )erakhirse&elah * 6 -a!
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KOMA ;IPERGLIKEMIKUM
INSULIN;,!an ins,lin
Sa!a e ek&i n$a dengan ins,lin darihe?an @ si a& an&igenikn$a ins,lindari he?an
Ins,lin sh r& a &ing> in&er!edia&ea &ing> l ng a &ing
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K !/likasiBe ek sa!/ing/e!)erian ins,lin
• ;i/ glike!i• Alergi•
Resis&en &erhada/ ins,lin• A&r : -aringan le!ak s,) k,&an
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KOMA ;IPOGLIKEMIKUM
GLUCAGONMeningka&kan G /r &ein linked /adaak&i0i&as aden$l$l $ lase @ /r d,ksi
AMP !e! asili&asi ka&a) lis!eglik gen @ gl,k ne genesis danke& genesis kadar g,la darahA/likasi klinis<
k !a hi/ glike!ik,! Kera ,nan )a& /engha!)a& rese/& r
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ANALGESIK POTEN
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Analgesik / &en (analgesiknark &ik"
MORP;INEMe!/,n$ai ke!a!/,an ,n&,k!eng,)ah /erse/si dan reaksi rasasaki&Meningka&kan kadar a!)ang&erhada/ rasa saki&
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A/likasi klinis ! r/hine /adakedar,ra&an !edis
• Menga&asi rasa saki& $ang he)a& $ang &idakda/a& dia&asi leh analgesik n n nark &ik
n$eri /ada in ark !i ard
Okl,si /e!),l,h darah $ang ak,& n$eri /ada l,ka )akar> rak&,r> dll• E ek sa!/ing ! r/hine < & leransi
ke&ergan&,ngan /e &ek in&ra kranial De/resi /erna/asan> dll
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4ASOKONSTRIKTOR
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4as k ns&rik& r/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
D /a!in dan Adrenalin4as k ns&rik& r $ang / &en dans&i!,lan -an&,ng +eker-a !elal,i /erangsanganadren rese/& r > 1 > #
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A/likasi klinis adrenalin/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
1. Cardia & arres&#. Menga&asi s$ k ana:laksis
Merangsang ker-a -an&,ng4as k ns&riksi /e!).darah /eri er+r nk dila&asi (!e!,dahkan
a!)ilan ksigen"
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A/likasi klinis D /a!in/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
1. S$ k kardi genik#. S$ k se/&ik
%. Gagal -an&,ng
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4ASODILATOR
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4as dila& r/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
NITROGL2CERINDi)erikan se ara s,)ling,alMeningka&kan aliran darah k r nerMens&i!,lasi en=i! g,an$l $ lase /ada&r !) si& sehingga agregasi &r !) si&M,la ker-a e/a&
Di)erikan )ila &ekanan darah sis& lik 1!!;gA/likasi klinis < In ark !i ard dan angina
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4as dila& r/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
NITROPRUSSID4as dila& r $ang / &enMens&i!,lasi en=i! g,an$l$l $ lase shg
GMP !en$e)a)kan relaksasi & & / l s/e!).darahMen$e)a)kan 0as dila&asi ar&eri dan 0enaM,la ker-a e/a&> la!a ker-a singka&Di)erikan dengan in ,s /,!/ dandi/erl,kan ! ni& ringA/likasi klinis < ;i/er&ensi krisis
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STIMULAN HANTUNG
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S&i!,lan -an&,ng/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
1. Adrenaline#. Is /renalineBIs /r &eren l
%. D ),&a!ine A/likasi Klinis< Gagal -an&,ng danin ark !i kard
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DIURETIKUM
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Di,re&ik,!/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
FUROSEMIDEL / di,re&i $ang sanga& / &en
M,la ker-a e/a& A/likasi klinis< Gagal -an&,ng
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ANTI INFLAMASI POTEN
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An&i in7a!asi/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
KORTIKOSTEROIDMenginhi)isi &er)en&,kn$a asa!arakhid na& (/rek,rs r !edia& rin7a!asi"A/likasi klinis< As!a ak,& $ang)era&> s$ k ana:laksis
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+RONKODILATOR
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+r nk dila& r/ada kedar,ra&an !edis
S;ORT ACTING # AGONIS(SAL+UTAMOL"M,la ker-a e/a&Sinergis!e / &ensiasi denganinhalasi r&i s&er id (ICS"
Di)erikan !elal,i ne),lisasiA/likasi klinis< As!a ak,& $ang )era&
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