Yo! News - Jan.15/13

PAGE 1 GWA’SALA-’NAKWAXDA’XW NATIONS YO! NEWS 15/01/2013

YO! NEWS

3 ELDER DAY PROGRAM 4-6 TREATY OFFICE UPDATE 7 ABE + CANDLELIGHT SERV. THANKS 8 IDLE NO MORE 9-10 ELDERS @ GN SCHOOL + JOB

POSTINGS 11 JOB POSTING: VESSEL OPERATOR 12 COLOURING

PREMIERE OF“HOW A PEOPLE LIVE”

The whole community came out to the Gwa'sala-'Nakwaxda'xw School on January 10 to view the new film, “How a People Live”, about our community, directed by Lisa Jackson. Many people were very moved by the footage of the old days in Blunden Harbour and other places, interviews with community members (including the late Dorey Brotchie and Irene Sheard) and other beautiful parts of the film.

See page 4 for more information about the film and the rest of the Treaty Update.

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NEW ELDER’S DAY PROGRAM LAUNCH!

A new and exciting program for elders began, Monday, January 14th, here on reserve. It is called ‘Elder’s Day Program’ and will run every Monday (aside from holidays) from 9am-4pm at the Elder’s Centre. The program was developed in a working partnership between the Elder’s Centre staff (Colleen Hemphill and Janine Sheard), Health and Family Services staff (Cathy Swain, Arlene Clair, Selina Child, Andrea Walkus-Andrew, and Matt Martin), and of course the elders themselves!

The program is intended to provide activities that will benefit elders in one place, all in one day. The program will include a healthy breakfast and lunch, social time, games (which not only will be fun but will help keep the mind active), guest speakers on a variety of topics (health, culture, etc.), exercise, stories, songs, workshops, times to voice concerns, health presentations, and much more! Matt, Selina, and Arlene will be on hand throughout the day, and can meet with elders one-on-one in a private setting to discuss their health , check blood-pressure, blood sugar levels, etc.

These activities will enrich the lives of the elders – it will help to keep them active, arm them with knowledge about their health, help give them another forum to voice their needs and concerns, fill the tummy with healthy food, reduce loneliness and isolation, build bridges with other people in the North Island, help keep traditions and stories (continued on page 3)

JAN 15 2013


Yo! News is prepared by Jessie Hemphill, Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw Executive Assistant and Communications

Officer.

This newsletter is delivered to all houses on the Tsulquate Reserve every second week and posted to the Gwa’sala-

’Nakwaxda’xw website. If you have questions or comments about this newsletter, contact Jessie at (250) 949-8343 or e-

mail [email protected].

The purpose of this newsletter is to keep Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw community members informed about what is happening in the Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw Band Office and

the surrounding community. Anybody is welcome to make submissions to the newsletter, including announcements,

lost-and-found, photographs, bakwam’kwala words, stories, legends, drawings, etc. etc. etc.

Other ways to stay connected to the Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw

community are: Website (www.gwanak.info)

Facebook (User: Gwasala Nakwaxdaxw)

Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw Nations Band Office PO Box 998, 154 Tsulquate Reserve

Port Hardy, B.C. V0N 2P0

COUNCIL To get on the agenda please contact Les Taylor

Chief Paddy Walkus: (250) 949-1486

Sits on all committees / [email protected]

Ernie Henderson: (250) 902-0482 Health & Social Development, Housing, Fisheries,

Education, Ec. Dev., Treaty, Personnel and Finance Portfolios

Gary Walkus: (250) 230-3852

Health & Social Development & Ec. Dev. Portfolios

Victor Walkus: (250) 230-2335 Health & Social Development, Housing,

Forestry, Ec. Dev., and Recreation Portfolios

Eddie Charlie: (250) 671-9201 Housing Portfolio

Sandra Charlie: (250) 671-9202

Housing Portfolio

Darryl Coon: (250) 230-0360 Housing Portfolio

[Full portfolio assignments yet to be determined]

STAFF Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw Band Office Phone: (250) 949-8343 / Fax: (250) 949-7402 Les Taylor, Band Manager [email protected] / (250) 902-2307 Margaret Bernard, Finance [email protected] / (250) 902-2308 Conrad Browne, Economic Development [email protected] / (250) 902-2301 Pat Dawson-Hunt, Social Development [email protected] / (250) 902-2309 Colleen Hemphill, Treaty [email protected] / (250) 949-8424 Linda Paul, Treaty Administrative Assistant [email protected] / (250) 902-2311 Jessie Hemphill, Communications & Exec. Assistant [email protected] / Cell: (250) 902-8221 Lorna Henderson, Housing [email protected] / (250) 902-2304 Nicole McLelland, Natural Resources Manager [email protected] / (250) 902-0550 Fax: (888) 345-5063 Grace Smith, Education [email protected] / (250) 902-2320 Bob Swain, Public Works [email protected] / Cell: (250) 230-0087 Native Courtworker Office (250) 902-2223 Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw Elders Centre Janine Sheard, Elders’ Coordinator (250) 949-7406 Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw Health & Family Services Front Desk: (250) 949-8131 / Fax: (250) 949-6811 Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw School Front Desk: (250) 949-7743 / Fax: (250) 949-7422 www.gwanak.bc.ca Eke Me-Xi School (250) 949-8332


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alive, etc., etc. The program will also help provide a respite opportunity for people who are the main caregivers of an elder. A caregiver can be comfortable knowing that their loved one is in a safe place and is being taken care of while they use that time to get some rest.

As the program is brand new, it will evolve a bit over the course of the next few weeks. Currently, the program is going to run one day a week, on Mondays, as mentioned above. The goal is to increase the program so that it runs at least twice a week. We also plan to bring in a couple of beds which the elders will be able to use to rest or take a nap on.

The first day of the Elder’s Day Program was a massive success! 25 elders participated, as did a number of others. Part of the day was used to do some brainstorming on what the elders wanted to learn about and see on upcoming days. Additionally, games were played, there was lots of joking around, Andrea led the group in stretching and exercise, we had Jared – a pharmacist from People’s Drug Mart- come and

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he led a really good discussion about diabetes medication, Walter came and sang some wonderful songs (and he is coming back to help the elder’s work on 4 different songs which they can sing at various events).

NEXT MONDAY (JANUARY 21ST) OUR TENTATIVE AGENDA LOOKS LIKE THIS: 9:00 – 10:00 am – Breakfast 10:00 – 11:00 am – Board games/Wii, socializing, etc. 11:00 – 12:00 pm – Selina, Arlene, and Matt will do a presentation on ‘Home Safety’ 12:00 – 1:00 pm - Lunch 1:00 – 2:00 pm - Guest Speaker – Kirsten Kucy, VIHA Community social worker. 2:00 – 2:30 pm - Fitness with Andrea (zoomba!) 2:30 – 4:00 pm – Learning songs with Walter

In order for these days to run smoothly, we are looking for volunteers to help setup, prepare the food, clean-up, play music, etc. For anyone who might be interested (especially youth), it would be a great way to get some volunteer experience on your resume, and more importantly, it’s a great way to help out our elders.

If you have any comments or suggestions, please do not hesitate to contact any of one of us! As far as we are aware, nothing like this program exists on the North Island – we can all be proud that once again we are real leaders on the North Island!

[Thanks to Cathy Swain for the pictures]


TREATY OFFICE UPDATE Hey, Yo News is back! It is great to be here to give an update of Treaty activities.

FILM

By now, many community members would have had an opportunity to view the film, How a People Live last week at the GN School. The film was two years in the making and the purpose is to tell a history of how our people lived since the time before our nations were colonized and became part of Canada. The focus is on the challenges and struggles our people faced and overcame for us to all be here today.

NEGOTIATIONS Over the past year we have continued to meet with the Governments of Canada and B.C. at the monthly negotiation sessions. During these meetings an AIP document has been almost completed. Canada has given their negotiators a “mandate” to discuss with BC an offer. An “offer” is an amount of land plus an amount of cash that they want to propose to the GN as a Treaty deal,

so to speak. They call it a “land-cash” offer. We have not received their proposal to date.

On another note, through negotiations we have received grants from Canada to work on projects to prepare for a time when we could be exercising our rights through a treaty. Last May we completed a “governance” document under a Treaty Related Measure (TRM), our goal was to examine governance from a leadership and an administrative perspective. We needed to learn more about what our traditional governance/leadership was, get a better understanding about current governance to determine what will work best for the GN in the future. We also looked at our Band Administration, through meetings and surveys with many staff members we determined the level of services being delivered, education required for the jobs carried out and areas where there could be improvements made. A further note, we received a grant to finalize a personnel policy for the administration…we have been working with an old and outdated one since ’94, the new policy will reflect current staff, job and service delivery realities. Our goal is always one of finding ways to serve you the people more effectively to meet your needs.

MAPPING WORKSHOP

Another TRM that we are working on is an economic development and land expansion project. We are researching to understand what our local lands needs will be in the short and long term for economic development purposes as well as for expansion of housing opportunities so that all members will have an opportunity to


have a home. In early December we had a meeting where nearly 45 members attended, we looked at maps and talked about what we would like our Community to look like. We discussed ideas such as a recreation centre, a bighouse, a cultural center, a high school, grocery stores, restaurants, a dock, a new housing complex for elders, housing for those that need homes, etc.

It was a great meeting of young, parents, and elders visualizing a future for our community… More of these meetings will be held in the near future – don’t miss the next opportunity to put your ideas and views on a map.

ELDERS

In October after a great deal of planning with the Museum of Anthropology, near UBC in Vancouver we hired a bus/driver to take the elders to see artifacts and carving that were done by our GN ancestors. The museum staff set aside

a room that was filled with items that our people could hold to view. Many were in tears as they remembered the loved ones who had carved the amazing creations in front of them. After we left, the Curator of the Museum offered to open up an opportunity to view the carvings again in the future – perhaps on a family-by-family basis.

Our office continues to support the Elder Coordinator in efforts to provide services to the elders, this Monday the 14th, a first Elder Care Program will be launched whereby Janine, together with myself and staff from Health and Family Services collaborate to support a full day of good food, presentations and fun activities.

GN SCHOOL The children are our future and we want to find ways to support their cultural and educational growth. In doing so, we assist in ways we can including the purchase of items that are not easily affordable by the school budget. We have been able to assist in this way for many years now, and are so pleased to see the growth in our children as they further their cultural and


academic studies. Way to go children and school staff!

LANDS This is such an important area… Since negotiations started we have worked to learn everything we can know about our territories. Throughout the years we have learned that large multinational companies as well as smaller ones have been exploiting the traditional territories without consideration of the Nations to whom the land belongs. To combat this our leaders have sought to find ways to exercise our title and rights through processes such as Nanwakolas and Treaty Negotiations. We have been involved in both for many years, but at least now, the companies notify and make some effort to consult us, there is always room for improvement.

In the recent past we completed a “high level” land use plan, now from a grant our office applied for, we were able to secure additional funds to meet with our community to develop the necessary information for a comprehensive land-use plan.

Currently the planners are working with youth at the Eke Me-xi School to teach about the land as well as to involve the youth in planning exercises. The wisdom and knowledge of our Elders and community members will continue to be sought as we seek to prepare the GN Land Use Plan. This Plan is what is needed as we continue to assert our Nationhood as Gwa’sala and ‘Nakwaxda’xw Nations to those who want to

extract our valuable resources from our lands in our traditional territories. We need to show the multinationals companies, industry and government that we have to be fully consulted and accommodated on any activity undertaken.

FUTURE MEETINGS Since 2010 until last Spring our treaty office hosted TAC meetings in the community. We wish to thank all those who attended the meetings; we received valuable support and input as we prepared positions for the negotiation tables during those times. Often during the meetings we were told that we needed to speak directly with individual families of the Gwa’sala-‘Nakwaxda’xw. To that end, we talked with elders who helped us to develop the names to include in specific family groupings. In November we met with representatives to confirm that we planned to have these family style of meetings, each in attendance agreed that this is a good way to talk to community members. One benefit would be that there would be no restriction as to the number of attendees. From our point of view, the more GN members we can reach to help educate about the Treaty Negotiations the better.

The first Family Meetings will be held soon. They can be held at homes, if that is the desire, or we will meet at the Elder Center. We are presently preparing materials, charts, etc.. that will be used to clearly explain.

FINAL COMMENTS It is great to be able to communicate with you through the Yo News, and through the planned upcoming family meetings. We are working toward better communications with everyone. In the meantime, please write to our office or come in to talk directly with me if you have questions or concerns that you feel need to be addressed.

Gila’kasla.

by Colleen Hemphill, Chief Negotiator in the BC Treaty Process on behalf of the Gwa’sala-‘Nakwaxda’xw Nations


THE COMPASSIONATE FRIENDS WORLDWIDE CANDLELIGHT SERVICE Sunday, December 9, 2012 There were quite a few community members in attendance at this service. While it was a potluck gathering some people were not able to bring food so we were a tad stressed (I mean to say that I was very stressed) that there wouldn’t be enough food…. but there was! Dorothy Henderson suggested that we serve everyone and it turned out that there was enough food for everyone there.

Thank you so much to each and every person who brought food, I intended to write names down but it was so busy that I didn’t have a chance to. I don’t really want to hurt anyone’s feelings if I posted the names of those I remember who brought food in case I forget someone’s name, but thank you each and every person who was able to, may you all be richly blessed.

Another awesome thing is, that people just stepped up and began helping to serve the food, that was terrific. I was at the end of the line of food-servers and pretty much everyone had pretty full plates by the time they got to the end of the line. People are amazing! I asked Dorothy to get the coffee and things out, including the washing of the cups that were given out and she did it. I also asked Paula to give a hand and she AND her daughters just came into the kitchen and helped out without question.

I would also like to thank Bob, for always being there as well, he helped me throughout the whole day. Thank you Bob! I did this work as part of my job, he just gave of his own time to help me. I am so thankful to all those who cleaned up after, including Lillian Birmingham,

who came up to the hospital to see me after to ensure that the hall got locked up. I know that Blanche and Christine also stayed by. Quinten came by to drop keys off for the tables and chairs on Saturday night, then that day (Sunday) Eddie came to make sure we had what we needed and then he went back to the hall to lock up after.

Lastly, I would like to thank each and every person who expressed best wishes for my health through texts, Facebook comments, or by visiting. I do have an appointment with a specialist in February to get checked.

CATHY SWAIN

ADULT BASIC EDUCATION ADULT EDUCATION LEARNING CENTRE SCHEDULE: Mondays, Thursdays and Friday - English from 10 am - 12 pm Wednesdays and Fridays - Math from 1 - 4 pm

The deadline to register for Adult Basic Education for this year is fast approaching so if anyone is interested in upgrading their math and/or English should contact Dee-Anne Cowan, Aboriginal Education Advisor for North Island College at 250-949-7912, press option "2" and then extension 2860 or by email: [email protected] by Friday, January 18th. Please note that Dee-Anne's days of work are Tuesdays to Fridays. For more information, call Grace at 250-902-2320 [email protected].

GRACE SMITH


IDLE NO MORE: PORT HARDY

On January 11, members from the Gwa'sala-'Nakwaxda'xw, Kwakiutl and Quatsino nations as well as local communities gathered for a march in support of the Idle No More movement.

The march attracted 200+ people, who walked from the Tsulquate bridge, past PHSS where speeches were made, past the hospital where a moment of silence was held to honour the memory of lost loved ones, and down to Carrot Park where more speeches were made.

WHAT IS IDLE NO MORE? Idle No More is an ongoing protest movement originating among the Aboriginal peoples in Canada comprising the First Nations, Metis and Inuit peoples and their non-Aboriginal supporters in Canada, and to a lesser extent, internationally.

It has consisted of a number of political actions worldwide, inspired in part by the hunger strike of Attawapiskat Chief Theresa Spence and further coordinated via social media. A reaction to alleged abuses of indigenous treaty rights by the current federal government, the movement takes particular issue with the recent omnibus bill Bill C-45.

The founders of the Idle No More movement have emphasized their intention for the movement to remain at its core a "grassroots" movement, releasing a statement to say that they have a different vision than that of the "Leadership" represented by the First Nation Chiefs, saying "we have been given a clear mandate … to work outside of the systems of government ". By early January 2013, Shawn Atleo, leader of the Assembly of First Nations, and other Chiefs, [began] to "use the protests' momentum to press Ottawa on treaty rights and improved living standards". The protests have been noted for creating a stream of polarized debate online, bringing out both supporters and detractors.

On January 4, 2013, Prime Minister Harper announced a meeting with a delegation of First Nation leaders coordinated by the Assembly of First Nations, to follow up on the issues discussed during the Crown-First Nations Gathering on January 24, 2012. His statement announcing the meeting made no mention of Idle No More. The meeting was held on January 11, 2013.

(from Wikipedia)


ELDERS AT GN SCHOOL

The Elders are coming into the school to teach language to the nursery and Kindergarten. Building relationships and restoring the intergenerational knowledge transfer is our goal.

Language learning can be inspiration not only to the kids, but the Elders as well. The Elders have expressed their excitement and are having a lot of fun teaching the children. Our long term goals are to get more Elders in the school to teach language and share their knowledge.

MIKE WILLIE

WILDLIFE SIGHTINGS

If any bears or cougars are sighted on the reserve, Please notify the RCMP at 250-949-6335, we don't have conservation officers on the North Island anymore.

L OCAL JOB POSTINGS

JOB TITLE :LABOURERS Company Name :Eagle West Wind Energy Date Posted :1/14/13 Full/Part-Time :Seasonal Location :Port Hardy Salary :$18-20/ hr Details :Eagle West Wind Energy is recruiting wind turbine labourers for anticipatory vacancies during the spring/summer season. Applicants are required to submit resumes online. Full job description on the website. We are looking for hard working, safety minded individuals for employment on the Cape Scott Wind Project. This is a construction based environment. Contact :Human Resources: Apply with resume Online: www.eaglewestwind.com JOB TITLE :WELDER/FABRICATOR Company Name :Marshall Welding Date Posted :1/11/13 Full/Part-Time :Part-time Details :Min Level B Ticket, 1st Year Fabrication, stainless steel, aluminum, and steel welding. Need forklift certificate, read/write English, independent worker, basic tool/mechanical knowledge & aptitude, steel toe boots. Alum/Stainless tig weld an asset. Must have Drivers Licence. Contact :Please Email Resumes to: [email protected] JOB TITLE :WELDER/FABRICATOR Company Name :Marshall Welding Date Posted :1/11/13 Full/Part-Time :Full-Time Details :Min Level B Ticket, 1st Year Fabrication, stainless steel, aluminum, and steel welding. Must Have forklift certificate, read/write English, independent worker, basic tool/mechanical knowledge & aptitude, steel toe boots. Alum/Stainless tig weld an asset. Must have Drivers Licence. Contact :Please Email Resumes to: [email protected]


JOB TITLE :TAXI DRIVER Company Name :Town Taxi Date Posted :1/11/13 Full/Part-Time :Part-time Location :Port Hardy Details :Permanent PT position driving taxi. Must be responsible for cash. Require valid Class 4 DL. Start ASAP Contact :Apply to Bal: Fax: 250.949.2248; Phone: 250.504.0067; or Mail to: Box 2691, Port Hardy, BC V0N 2P0 JOB TITLE: REC FACILITY ATTENDANT Company Name :District of Port Hardy Date Posted :1/9/13 Full/Part-Time :Casual Location :Port Hardy Salary :$18.36-22.89/hr Union Details :Broad range of maintenance incl pool, ice making, custodial duties in Rec Center. Must be willing to work flexible shifts evenings, weekends. Criminal record check & Driver's Abstract required, also Refrigeration certificate. Additional Info :Mechanical aptitude, work well as team or alone & with public. Full details at District of Pt. Hardy or Port Hardy NIEFS. [email protected] Apply with resume & hand written CL in person or by mail. Contact :Gordon Wolden, Recreation Foreman, c/o Reception, 7360 Columbia St. or mail: Box 68, Pt. Hardy, BC V0N 2P0 JOB TITLE : EMPLOYMENT READINESS COORDINATOR Company Name :Kwakiutl Band Date Posted :1/8/13 Full/Part-Time:Contract Location :Port Hardy Details :Instruct & support/mentor with Adult Basic Education & MS Office. Valid DL, prefer Class 4, & exp. or degree in related field. Provide transportation is necessary. Team player, adaptive, crim. record check. Start Jan 21/end Mar 29, 2013. Apply in person with resume, references and letter of application listing personal attributes and state expected salary. Attn: Lavina Hunt, Soc. Dev. Administrator. App. Deadline: Jan. 18-2013 at noon. Apply by Fax or Email Contact: Apply: 99 Tsakis Way, Fort Rupert Reserve; Fax: 250.949.6066 or e-mail: [email protected]

JOB TITLE : TRUCK DRIVER Company Name :Eagle West Wind Energy Date Posted :1/7/13 Full/Part-Time :Full-Time Location :Port Hardy Details :We are currently looking for a qualified experienced truck driver for the Cape Scott Wind Farm project. Must have experience driving logging roads, and be familiar with the area. Contact :CV by email to HR department [email protected]. Or online: www.eaglewestwind.com/jobs JOB TITLE : CASHIER/CLERK Company Name: Quarterdeck Marine Ind. Date Posted:1/3/13 Full/Part-Time:Full-Time Details :Beer and wine store clerk required for part time work. Must have certification for Serving It Right and be of legal age to sell liquor. Contact :Please apply in person to the front desk at the Quarterdeck Hotel, Port Hardy. JOB TITLE : CLERK/CASHIER Company Name: Old School House Store Date Posted :1/2/13 Full/Part-Time :Full-Time Industry :Retail & Wholesale Salary :$10.25/hr Details:Convience Store - Must be able to Work Days, Afternoons and Weekend Shifts. Reliable transportation to work. Contact :Apply in person with resume. For more information please call 250-949-8251 JOB TITLE: HEAVY DUTY MECHANIC Company Name :Black Cat Repairs Ltd. Date Posted :12/20/12 Full/Part-Time :Full-Time Salary :$34.63-37.63/hr Details :Qualified Heavy Duty Mechanic or Commercial Transport Mechanic. Inspectors Ticket desired. Start Date ASAP. Fax/Mail Resume, Telephone Employer, or Email Contact :[email protected] FAX: 250-949-9001 TEL: 250-949-9071 Box 639, Port Hardy BC V0N2P0

ALL POSTINGS FROM WWW.NIEFS.NET NORTH ISLAND EMPLOYMENT FOUNDATIONS SOCIETY


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JOB POSTING: SMALL COMMERCIAL VESSEL OPERATOR Full-time $20/hr, day rates may apply

Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw Nations is pleased to offer a full-time vessel operator position with GNN Marine Services. The successful candidate must be willing to work flexible hours and successfully complete our 6-week in-house training program. The successful candidate must possess the following attributes:

• Be able to work on on-call and with short notice • Be a self starter with interest in the marine field • Have experience working with the public and/or an outgoing personality with a strong interest in

public relations • Have good verbal and written communication skills • Be physically able to lift 60 pounds, enjoy working outdoors and have interest in learning basic

vessel mechanics • Be mentally prepared to handle the stress of rapidly changing plans & marine situations • Have a cell phone and email address to receive work scheduling information • Have no alcohol or drug use issues

Successful candidates must have successfully completed the following courses to apply:

• SVOP • MEDA3 • ROC-MC Marine radio operators certificate • Basic first aid - Level 1

Additional Training that may be considered in lieu of above listed training:

• Any accredited Vessel operating certificate • Other safety training

During the 6 week training program the candidate will be paid a moderate training allowance. All vessel operators must successfully graduate the training program and complete a 3-month probation period before full-time employment is secured. The wage for the fully trained operators position starts at $20.00/hr and day rates may apply.

All resumes can be delivered to: Attention: Conrad Browne Gwa’sala-’Nakwaxda’xw Band Office 180 Tsulquate Reserve, Port Hardy, BC, V0N 2P0 OR Emailed: [email protected]

POSTING CLOSES ON FEBRUARY 8, 2013 AT 4:00 PM


Fisheries and O

ceansP

êches et Océans

Canada

Canada

Each season Streamkeepers w

atch for spawning

adult fish, and monitor the young fish populations

in their local streams. They look for special

characteristics to help them identify the species.

Use these clues to help you identify each of these

salmon fry – and one fish that isn't a salm

on!

Coho:

The leading edge of the dorsal fin is w

hite, followed

by black.

Ch

inook:

The leading edge of the dorsal fin is dark, and the fin has a w

hite tip.

Rain

bow

Trout:

The dorsal fin is heavily spotted, and it has a w

hite tip.

Pink:

Pink fry have no spots or parr m

arks on their bodies.

Ch

um

:Parr m

arks are narrow

, evenly spaced, and located above the lateral line.

Sockeye:Parr m

arks are irregular in size and location.

Cutth

roat Trout:

Parr marks

appear on the sides, but there are no spots on the back.

Prickly Sculp

in:

Non-salm

onids have no adipose fin.

JENN

IFER McKIM

STON

E

Parr marks

Dorsal fin

Adipose fin

Lateral line

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Yo! News - Jan.15/13