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ur®|mef;w&tm;xkwf&taMumif; 1 › kv › wp-content › uploads › 2010 › ...tjdkci;fç aojci;fpaom qi;f&rJsm;½adScson/f oYdkr[wkvf Qiuf m;ç ¤i;fqi;f&rJsm; r½EdSikd[f k xi½fmS;awUG&\

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  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 1

    þpmtkyf

    þur®|mef;w&m; tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif;pmtkyf jzpfay:vmjcif;taMumif;&if;rSm EdkifiHawmf Ak'̈omoemtzGJUu *syefjynfwGif ax&0g' Ak'̈omoemxGef;vif; jyefYyGm;&eftvdkYiSg pwifqmif½Guf&mwGif ax&0g'Ak'̈omoem\ taMumif;t&mqdkif&m usrf;pmtkyfrsm;udkvnf; t*Fvdyfbmomç *syefbmomjzifh yHkESdyfjzefYcsD&ef&nf½G,fcJhayonf/

    odkY &nf½G,fcJhonfhtavQmuf yxrOD;pGm taetm;jzifh ax&0g' Ak'̈omoem pmtkyf wpftkyfjzpfajrmufa&; twGuf &efukefûrdY ,leDbmpDwDausmif;wdkuf tbd"r®muxdu t*¾r[my@dw q&mawmf OD;aoXdv pdpOfaomusrf;pm\ rmwdumwdkYudk yg0ifa&;om;awmfrlMurnfh q&mawmfrsm;xHodkY cGJa0qufuyfí a&;om;csD;jr§ifhawmfrlMuygrnftaMumif; EdkifiHawmf Ak'̈omoemtzGJYu (13-11-56) aeYpGJjzifh avQmufxm;cJhavonf/

    avQmufxm;jcif;cH&aom q&mawmfwdkYteuf wpfyg;tygt0if jzpfawmfrlaom t*¾r[my@dw r[mpnfq&mawmfbk&m;onfvnf; avQmufxm;onfh rmwdumpOf (16-17 ESifh 18)wdkYt& tus,fa&;om; csD;jr§ifhawmfrlcJh avonf/

    ¤if;wdkYteuf rmwdumpOf 16-wGif tb,faMumifh ur®|mef;w&m;udk tm;xkwf&ygoenf; [laomtar;ESifhtajzudk &[ef;ç½SifçvlwdkY zwf½IEdkif&eftvdkYiSg q&mawmf\cGifhûycsuft& ur®|mef;w&m; tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif;[laom trnf wyfqifí þpmtkyfwGif pufwif yHkESdyftyfygonf/

    (yHk) r*Fvm OD;atmifjrifhtrSwf 56- pdefarwåmvrf;

    [mrpfwpf? ukuúdKif;? &efukefûrdY/

    1320-ck? eawåmfv (21-12-85)

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 2

    ur®|mef;w&m;

    t m ; x k w f & j c i f ; t a M u m i f ;

    tar;/ /tb,faMumifh ur®|mef;w&m;udk tm;xkwf&ygoenf;/

    tajz/ /edAÁmefodkYa&mufí tdkjcif;ç aojcif;? paom qif;&J[lorQrS vGwfajrmusf&eftwGuf tm;xkwf&ayonf/

    xdkpum;udk csJUíjy&ygvQif owå0gwdkYonf tdkjcif;ç emjcif;ç aojcif;r½SdbJ qif;&J'ku©udkvnf; rawGU&bJ tNrJwrf; csrf;omvQufom aevdkMuayonf/ odkYaomf xdkodkY tvdk½Sdonfhtwdkif;um; rjzpfMu&ay? tdkvnf;tdkMu&\/ emvnf;emMu&\/ ab;'ku©trsdK;rsdK;ESifhvnf; awGYí pdk;&drfylaqG;Mu&\/ idka

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 3

    xdkwGif-

    1/ orxudk tm;xkwfjcif;jzifh ½lypsmef 4-yg;ESifh t½lypsmef 4-yg; [laom avmuDpsmeformywf 8-yg;udk&Edkif\? xdkpsmefwdkYudk avhvmyGg;rsm;jcif;jzifh tbdnmOfac:aom atmufygavmuD ÓPfxl;rsm;udkvnf;&Ekdifao;\/

    ¤if;wdkYrSm-

    1/ wpfa,mufwnf;jzpfygvQuf trsm;uJhodkY jzpfapjcif;? trsm;jzpfygvsuf wpfa,mufwnf;uJhodkY jzpfapjcif;? aumif;uifysHjcif;? ajrvQdK;jcif; ponfjzifh taxGaxGtrsdK;rsdK; wefcdk;zefqif;Edkifaom £'̈d0d"tbdnmOf/

    2/ ta0;ç teD;ç tBuD;ç tao;ç toH[lorQudk Mum;odEdkifaom 'dAÁaomw tbdnmOf/3/ olwpfyg;\ pdwfç tBuHtpnfudk odEdkifaom apawm y&d,tbdnmOf/4/ a½S;ujzpfbl;aom b0a[mif;rsm;udk jyefvSefí odEdkifaom ykaAÁed0go tbdnmOf/5/ ta0;ç teD;ç tBuD;ç tao;ç ½kyfqif;oP²mef [lorQwdkYudk jrifodEdkifaom 'dAÁpu©K tbdnmOf/

    þig;yg;wdkYaywnf;/

    odkY&mwGif xdkpsmef tbdnmOfwdkYjzifh jynfhpHkumrQjzifh tdkjcif;ç aojcif;paom qif;&J'ku©wdkYrSum; rvGwfajrmufao;ay? xdkpsmefrqkwf,kwf rysufpDbJ aooGm;vQif xdkpsmefESifhqdkifaom jA[®mbHkodkYa&mufum wpfurÇmçESpfurÇmç av;urÇmç ½SpfurÇm ponfjzifh xdkbHk\ toufwrf;½Sdoavmuf touf½SnfpGm ae½HkrQom ½Sdayonf/ toufwrf;ukefaomtcgrSm xdkbHkrSpkawí vlYbHkç ewfbHkü jzpf&jyefonf/ xdktcgrS tjcm;vlrsm;ç ewfrsm;ESifhwef;wlyifjzpfí tdkjcif;ç aojcif;paom qif;&J'ku©wdkYESifh awGUNrJyif awGYae&jyefonf? uHraumif; taMumif;rnDnGwfvQif i&Jwd&pämefç Nydwåmç tol&u,f tyg,f 4-bHkodkY usa&mufí tyg,fqif;&Jrsm;pGmESifhvnf; awGYNrJyif awGYae&ao;onf/ odkYjzpfí orxoufoufjzifh qif;&J'ku©rsm;rS rvGwfajrmufEdkif[k odtyfayonf/

    2/ 0dyóemudk tm;xkwfrSomvQif edAÁmefodkYa&mufí tdk&jcif;ç ao&jcif;paom qif;&J'ku© [lorQrS vHk;0 vGwfajrmufEdkifayonf/

    xdk0dyóemw&m;tm;xkwfjcif;rSmvnf;-

    1/ orxudk tajccHûyí tm;xkwfjcif;?2/ orxudk tajccHrûybJ 0dyóemoufouftm;xkwfjcif; [lí 2-rsdK;½Sdjkyef\/

    xdkwGif orxudk tajccHûyí tm;xkwfaom yk*¾dKvfonf orx[medurnf\ ]]orx tajccHjzifh edAÁmefodkY oGm;ol[k}} qdkvdk\/

    orxudk tajccHrûybJ 0dyóemoufouf tm;xkwfaom yk*¾dKvfonf ok'̈0dyóem,medu rnf\]]0dyóemoufoufjzifh edAÁmefodkYoGm;ol}} [kqdkvdk\/

    xdkwGif orx,meduvrf;jzifh tm;xkwfvdkvQif a½S;OD;pGm orxudk tm;xkwf&onf/

    ur®Xmef; (40)

    xdkorx ur®Xmef;rSm 40-½Sdonf? ¤if;wdkYrSm-

    1/ uodkPf; 10-yg;?2/ tokb 10-yg;?3/ tEkówd 10-yg;?4/ jA[®0d[m& 4-yg;?

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 4

    5/ tm½kyÜ 4-yg;?6/ tm[ma& y#dulvonm 1-yg;?7/ pwk"mwk0 0w¬mef 1-yg;?

    þ 40 wdkYaywnf;? xdkwGif-

    uodkPf; 10-yg;[lonfrSm-

    1/ yx0D (ajr) uodkPf;?2/ tmayg(a&) uokdPf;?3/ awaZm (rD;) uokdPf;?4/ 0ga,m (av) uokdPf;?5/ eDv (tñdk) uokdPf;?6/ yDw (t0g) uokdPf;?7/ avm[dw (teD) uokdPf;?8/ Mo'gw (tjzL) uokdPf;?9/ tmavmu (tvif;) uokdPf;?10/ tmumo ([if;vif;jyif) uokdPf;?

    þ 10-yg;wdkYaywnf;/

    tokb 10-yg;[lonfrSm-

    1/ O'̈Krmwu-zl;zl;a&mifaeaom olaoaumif?2/ 0deDvu-ñdkrJaeaom olaoaumif?3/ 0dykAÁv-jynfwpdkpdk,dkxGufaeaom olaoaumif?4/ 0dpdä'´u-cg;jywfaeaomolaoaumif?5/ 0du©m,dwu-acG;ç ajracG;ç cJpm;xm;aom olaoaumif?6/ 0du©dwåu-vufç ajcç acgif;ç udk,f wjcm;pD ypfvTifhxm;tyfaom olaoaumif?7/ [w0du©dwåu-owfjzwfí wjcm;pD ypfvTifhxm;tyfaomolaoaumif?8/ avm[dwu-aoG;oH&J&J,dkxGufaeaom olaoaumif?9/ ykVK0u-ydk;avmufjynfhaeaomolaoaumif?10/ tXdu-t½dk;pkolaoaumif?

    þ 10-yg;wdkYaywnf;/

    tEkówd 10-yg;[lonfrSm-

    1/ Ak'¨gEkówd-jrwfpGmbk&m;\ *kPfawmfwdkYudk tzefzef qifjcifatmufarhjcif;/2/ "r®mEkówd-w&m;awmf\ *kPfawmfwdkYudk tzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/3/ oHCmEkówd-oHCmawmf\ *kPfawmfwdkYudk tzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/4/ oDvmEkówd-rdrd\ oDv*kPfudk tzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/5/ pm*gEkówd-rdrd\pGefYBuJ ay;vªjcif;*kPfudk tzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/6/ a'0wmEkówd-ewfwdkYuJhodkYyif rdrdrSmjynfhpHkaeaom ewfjynfa&mufaMumif;ç o'̈gç oDvç okwç pm*ç ynm*kPf wdkYudk tzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/7/ OyormEkówd-edAÁmef\*kPfudk tzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/8/ r&PmEkówd-aojcif;w&m;udk tzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/9/ um,*wmowd-qHyifç tarT;ç vufonf;ç ajconf;ç oGm;ç ta&paompufqkyfzG,f udk,fpk 32-rsdK;udk tzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/10/ tmemygeówd-0ifoufç xGufouf udktzefzefqifjcifatmufarhjcif;/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 5

    þ 10-yg;wdkYyifwnf;/

    jA[®0d[m& 4-yg;[lonfrSm-

    1/ arwåm-owå0gwdkYtm; ]]csrf;omMuygap}}[k ESvHk;oGif;aejcif;/2/ u½kPm-qif;&J'ku© a&mufaeMuaom owå0gwdkYtm; ]]qif;&JrS vGwfajrmuf Muygap}}[k oem;vsuf ESvHk;oGif;aejcif;/3/ rk'dwm-jynfhpHk

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 6

    ESvHk;oGif;ae&\? tu,fí uodkPf;tm½Hk aysmufoGm;vQif yuwduodkPf;0ef; ½Sd&mXmeodkY oGm;í rsufpdjzifhMunfh½Ivsuf wpfzef xifNrJxifay:vmatmif ESvHk;oGif;&\/ wpfzef O*¾[edrdwfç xifay:vmjyefvQif tvdk½Sd&mt&yfü aexdkifvsuf a½S;enf;wlyif rjywfESvHk;oGif;ae&\/

    þodkY ESvHk;oGif;zefrsm;aomtcg xdkuodkPf;0ef;onf rlvuESifhrwlbJ ta&miftqif;ESifhwuG tvGefoefY½Sif;MunfvifpGm xifay:vm\? ¤if;udk y#dbm*edrwf[k ac:onf? xdktcgü pdwfonfvnf; umrpäÉ paomeD0&PwdkYrS uif;pif\? xdky#dbm*edrdwftm½HküomvQif pl;pdkufwnfNidrfvsuf rjywfjzpfae\? xdkodkYwnfNidrfpGmjzpfaeonfudk Oypm&orm"d[kac:onf/

    þOypm&orm"dtm;jzifh y#dbm*edrdwftm½Hkudk rjywfESvHk;oGif;aeaomoltm; pdwfonf xdkuodkPf;y#dbm* edrdwftm½HkxJü ouf0ifaebdouJhodkY wpfMuHhwnf; wnfNidrfvsufjzpfaeonf? ¤if;udk tyÜemorm"d[kac:onf/

    þtyÜemonf yxrpsmefç 'kwd,psmefç wwd,psmefç pwkw¬psmef [lí 4-yg; tjym;½Sd\/ xdkwGif a½S;OD;pGm &tyfaom yxrpsmefü-

    1/ tm½HkudkBuHpnfjcif; (0dwuf)2/ tm½Hkudk oHk;oyfqifjcifjcif; (0dpm&)3/ tm½Hkü ESpfodrfhtm;&jcif; (yDwd)4/ pdwf½Tifvef;csrf;omjcif; (okc)5/ wpfckwnf;aomtm½Hküom pl;pdkufwnfNidrfaejcif; ({u*¾wm)

    [laompsmef t*Fgig;yg;vHk; xif½Sm;\/

    yxrpsmefudk&NyD;aom yk*¾dKvfonf xdkpsmefüyg0ifaom 0dwufESifh 0dpm&wdkYudk tjypfjrifí vGefajrmufatmif tm;xkwfojzifh 'kwd,psmefudk&\/ xdkpsmefü yDwdç okcç {u*¾wm [laom psmeft*Fg 3-yg;xif½Sm;\/

    wzefyDwdudk tjypfjrifí vGefajrmufatmif tm;xkwfojzifh wdw,psmefudk&\/ xdkpsmefü okcç {u*¾wm[laom psmeft*Fg 2-yg;xif½Sm;\/

    wpfzef okcudktjypfjrifí vGefajrmufatmif tm;xkwfojzifh pwkw¬psmefudk&\? xdkpsmefüpdwfr½Tif rñdI;tv,ftvwfoabm Oayu©mESifh {u*¾wm[laom psmeft*Fg 2-yg;yif xif½Sm;\/

    þonfum; yx0DuodkPf;ü tm;xkwfyHkESifh psmeform"d 4-yg;jzpfyHkaywnf;?

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 7

    t m e m y g e u d k t m ; x k w f y H k t u s O f ;

    tmemygeówd ur®Xmef;udk tm;xkwfvdkaomolonf qdwfNidrf&mt&yfü wifysOfacGvdkuf jzpfapç Mum½Snf pGm aeEdkifrnfh tjcm;enf;jzifhjzpfap xdkifvsufç txufydkif;udk,fudkajzmifhrwfpGm xm;NyD;vQif a½S;OD;pGmpdwfudk ESmoD;0 ü pl;pdkufíxm;&\/ ESmoD;zsm;üjzpfapç txufEIwfcrf;üjzpfap xdyg;wdkufcdkufvsuf 0ifcsnfxGufcsnf rjywfjzpfaeaom 0ifav xGufavudk xif½Sm;awGYvdrfhrnf? xdkavudk xdcdkuf&mXmerS apmifhí ]]0ifonfxGufonf? 0ifonf xGufonf}}[k 0ifwdkif; xGufwdkif; rjywf½Iae&\/ 0rf;xJodkY 0ifoGm;aomav\ aemufudkvnf;rvdkuf&? ESmoD;0rS tjyifodkYxGufoGm;aom av\ aemufudkvnf; rvdkuf&? ESmoD;zsm;ESifh EIwfcrf;wdkYü xif½Sm;aom wdkufcdkuf&mudkom apmifhí ½Iae&\/

    þodkY½IaepOf wjcm;odkY xGufoGm;aom eD0&Ppdwfrsm;vnf; ½Sdvdrfhrnf xdkodkYjzpfvmvQif xdktm½Hkrsm;udkqufvufrpOf;pmbJ 0ifavxGufavrSmom pdwfudkpl;pdkufxm;vsuf ]]0ifonfxGufonf? 0ifonf xGufonf}} [l½lNrJ rjywf½Iae&\/

    þenf;jzifh 0ifavxGufavudk xdcdkuf&mXmeu apmifhí rjywf½IaevQif-

    1/ ½SnfpGm ½ª½dSKufrdaom 0ifav xGufavudkvnf; xif½Sm;od&\/

    2/ wdkpGm½ª½dSKufrdaom 0ifav xGufavudkvnf; xif½Sm;od&\/

    3/ ESmoD;zsm; EIwfcrf;wdkYü xdyg;wdkufcdkufvsuf0ifp xGufprQifrQifuav;rSpí 0ifqkH;xGufqHk; rQifrQifuav;txd 0ifav xGufavwdkY\ tptv,ftqHk; tukefvHk;udkvnf; xif½Sm;od&\/

    4/ yuwdMurf;wrf;aom 0ifav xGufavwdkY wjznf;jznf;odrfarGYoGm;onfudkvnf;xif½Sm;od&\ xdkodkYodrfarGYojzifh aemufqHk;rSm 0ifoufxGufoufvHk;0 r½SdouJhodkYjzpfaeonfudkvnf; awGY&\/

    xdktcg ½ªp&m 0ifavxGufavudk rawGY&onfhtwGuf 0ifavxGufavudk ½Smívnf; aerdwwfonf?b,fvdkjzpfoGm;oenf;[k pOf;pm;ívnf;aerdwwf\/ r½ªawmhbJ&yfem;ívnf; aewwf\/

    xdkodkY &yfem;íum;raetyf? ½Iaeusjzpfaom ESmoD;zsm;ESifh EIwfcrf;wdkYüomvQif pdwfudk pl;pdkufxm;vQuf½INrJyif½Iae&rnf/ xdkodkY½IaevQif odrfarGYaom0ifav xGufavrsm;onfvnf; xif½Sm;ay:vmygvdrfhrnf? xdkodkYxif½Sm;ay:vmaom 0ifav xGufavrsm;udk ½INrJrjywf½IaevQif xdk0ifav xGufavrsm;xl;jcm;pGm jzpfvmonfudkawGU&ygvdrfhrnf? atmufygrsm;rSm 0dok'̈dr*fü jyqdkxm;aom xl;jcm;pGm xifyHkrsm;aywnf;/

    xdk0ifavxGufavonf tcsdKYrSm awmufyvsuf Mu,fwm&muJhodkY vnf;aumif;? ausmufeDykwD;uJhodkYvnf;aumif;? ykvJykwD;uJhodkY vnf;aumif;? xifay:\/ tcsdKYrSmrl Murf;wrf;aom tawGY½Sdvsuf 0gyif½dk;uJhodkYvnf;aumif; opfom;ESpf wHcg;usnf(rif;wkwf)uJhodkY vnf;aumif; xifay:\/ tcsdKYrSmrl ½Snfaom aqmufvHk;êud; (vnfqGJwefqm) uJhodkYvnf;aumif;? yef;uHk;uJhodkYvnf;aumif;? rD;cdk;nTefYuJhodkY vnf;aumif;? xifay:\tcsdKYrSmrljyefYus,faom yifhultdrfuJhodkYvnf;aumif;? wdrfvTmuJhodkYvnf;aumif;? &xm;bD;uJhodkYvnf;aumif;? v0ef;ae0ef;uJhodkYvnf;aumif;? xifay:\/ þodkY wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD;rwlbJ tm½HkxifyHkuGJjym;jcif;rSmvnf; onmjcif;rwlbJuGJjym;MuaomaMumifhyif jzpfonf[k 0dok'̈dr*fü jyqdkxm;\/

    þodkY xl;jcm;pGm xifay:aomtm½Hkudk y#dbm*edrdwf[kac:onf/ xdky#dbm*edrdwfxifaom umvrSpíbm0emorm"drSmvnf; Oypm&orm"drnf\/ þOypm&orm"djzifh ½INrJqufvufí ½IaevQif rMumrSDyif a½S;ü jycJh onfhtwdkif; tyÜempsmeform"d 4-yg;odkY a&mufoGm;Edkifayonf/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 8

    þonfum; orx,meduvrf;jzifh tm;xkwfvdkaomyk*¾dKvftm; a½S;OD;pGmorxudk tm;xkwfyHk tusOf;aywnf;/

    orxtm;xkwfyHk tusOf;NyD;\/

    0 d y ó e m t m ; x k w f y H k t u s O f ;

    0dyóem tm;xkwfvdkaomolonf owå0gwdkY\ oEÅmefü ½kyfESifhemrf þw&m; 2-rsdK;om½Sdonf [lívnf;aumif;? xdk½kyfemrfw&m;wdkYrSmvnf; qdkif&mtaMumif;w&m;wdkYaMumifh jzpfay:aeMuonf[lí vnf;aumif;?cPrpJ jzpfysufaeaomaMumifh rNrJaomw&m;ç qif;&Jaomw&m;ç twå-toufaumif r[kwfaom oabmw&m;rQ [lívnf;aumif;? tusOf;tm;jzifhjzpfap tus,ftm;jzifhjzpfap Mum;emrSwfom;zl;aom okwESifh jynfhpHkNyD;jzpf&rnf/

    þodkY okwESifhjynfhpHkaom olonf jyqdkcJhonfhtwdkif; &½Sdxm;aom orm"dpsmefudk a½S;OD;pGm 0ifpm;í (rdrd oEÅmefü jzpfay:apí) xdkpsmefudkyifpí ½I&\/ xdkYaemuf'Gg& 6-yg;ü xif½Sm;jzpfay:vmaom jrifrIç Mum;rIç odrIç ponfwdkYudk oljzpfay:vmonfhtwdkif; rjywf½Iae&\/ þodkY½Izefrsm;í udk,fpdwfyifyef;vmvQif Edkifeif;aom xdkpsmefudkyif jyefí 0ifpm;&\/ 15-rdepf? rdepf-30 ponfjzifh t"dXmefydkif;jcm;xm;onfh tcsdefaphí psmefrSxaomtcgxdkpsmefudkyif pí½INyD;vQif 'Gg& 6-yg;üay:vmorQudk a½S;enf;twdkif;yif rjywf½IoGm;&onf? udk,fç pdwfyifyef;vmjyefvQif psmefudk0ifpm;jyefí psmefrSxaomtcg ½INrJyif½IoGm;&onf/ 0dyóemorm"d tm;½Sdvmaom tcgürlum; udk,fç pdwfyifyef;jcif; r½SdawmhbJ aeYa&mnmOfhyg rjywfrpJ½INrJ½IoGm;Edkifay\/

    xdktcg ½Iwdkif; ½Iwdkif; ½kyfESifhemrf 2-ckxJ wGJvsuf wGJvsuf jzpfaeonfudk tvdkvdkyif xif½Sm;odvmvdrfh rnf? taMumif;tusdK;qufpyfvQuf jzpfaeonfudkvnf; xif½Sm;odvmvdrfhrnf? ½Icsufwdkif; ½Icsufwdkif;rSm ay:vmonfhtm½Hka&m? ½Iodaeonfhpdwfa&m ukefqHk;aysmufuG,foGm;onfudkcsnf; awGU&aomaMumifh rNrJ[lívnf; odjrifoabmusvmvdrfhrnf? ESpfoufom,mzG,f tm;udk;bG,fr½Sdaom qif;&Jcsnf;[lívnf; odjrifoabmusvmvdrfhrnf/ (twår[kwf toufaumifr[kwf? 0dnmOfaumifr[kwf) olYoabmtwdkif; jzpfysufaeaom oabmw&m; rQcsnf; [lívnf; odjrifoabmusvmvdrfhrnfh/

    þtedpö 'ku© tewå ÓPftodtjrifrsm; aumif;aumif;&ifhoefjynfhpHkaomtcgrSm r*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfrsm;jzpfay:í edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufxif½Sm; awGYjrif&avawmhonf/

    þonfum; orx,meduvrf;jzifh edAÁmefodkYa&mufatmif tm;xkwfyHktusOf;aywnf;/

    o k ' ¨ 0 d y ó e m , m e d u \½IyHk

    ,cktcg ok'̈0dyóem,meduvrf;jzifh 0dyóem½IyHkudk jyqdktHh/

    a½S;üjycJhonfhtwdkif; ½kyfemrf tedpöç 'ku©ç tewå oabmwdkYudk Mum;emrSwfom;zl;aom olonf orxudk rxlaxmifawmhbJ 0dyóemoufoufudkom tm;xkwfvdkvQif qdwfNidrfaomt&yfü wifysOfacGvsufjzpfap Mum½Snf pGm xdkifaeEdkifonfh tjcm;enf;jzifhjzpfapç xdkifaevQuf udk,fxJü xif½Sm;jzpfay:aeaom Oyg'geu©Ëmig;yg; ½kyfemrf w&m;wdkYudk jzpfwdkif;? jzpfwdkif; rjywf½Iae\/

    Oy'geu©Ëm ig;yg;[lonfrSm jzpfcdkufç Mum;cdkufç eHodcdkufç pm;odcdkufç xdodcdkufç BuHodcdkuf [laomþcP 6-yg;wdkYü xif½Sm;awGYaeaom w&m;rsm;yif jzpfonf/

    xdkwGif jrifcdkufü jrif&aomtqif;½kyfudk vnf;aumif;? jrif&mXme rsufpd½kyfudk vnf;aumif;? xif½Sm;awGY& \/ ¤if;wdkYrSm ½kyfcËm w&m;pkrQomjzpfonf/ ESpfoufom,mzG,fvnf;r[kwf? twå-toufaumifç igaumifvnf; r[kwf? odkYaomf ¤if;wdkYudk jrifwdkif;jrifwdkif; r½ªrdaom olwdkYrSm ]]csufcsif;yif aysmufaysmufoGm;onf? rNrJbl;}}[lívnf; rodMu? ]]cPrpJ jzpfNyD;cPrpJ aysmufysufaeonf qif;&Jcsnf;}} [lívnf; rodMu? ]]twår[kwf?toufaumifr[kwf? olYoabmtwdkif; oljzpfysufaeaom tewåoabmw&m;rQom}} [lívnf; rodMu? xdkYaMumifh xkdjrif&aom tqif;ESifh rsufpdwdkYudk ESpfoufom,mvQufvnf; pGJvrf;Mu\? twåaumiftoufaumif? igaumif[k

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 9

    xifrSwfvsufvnf; pGJvrf;Mu\/ þodkY om,mxifrSwfvsufpGJvrf; tyfaomaMumifh xdktqif;½kyfESifh rsufpdwdkYudk ]]½kyfOygeu©E¨m}}[k ac:&ayonf/

    xdkYjyif tqif;tm½Hkudk jrifodjcif;(pu©K0dnmPf)? cHpm;jcif;(a0'em)? rSwfom;jcif;(onm)? jrif&atmiftm;xkwfjcif; (ocFg&)? [laom todemrf w&m;pkrsm;udkvnf; (xdkjrifcdkufrSmyif) xif½Sm;av\/ ¤if;wdkYrSmvnf;emrfcËmw&m;pkrQomjzpfonf? ESpfoufom,mzG,fvnf;r[kwf? twå-toufaumif igaumifvnf;r[kwf? odkYaomf ¤if;wdkYudk jzpfwdkif;jzpfwdkif; r½IrdaomolwdkYrSm rNrJ[lívnf;aumif;? qif;&J[lívnf;aumif;? tewå[lívnf;aumif;? rodMuaomaMumifh ESpfoufom,mvsuf pGJvrf;Mu\/ ]]iguyif jrifonf? iguyif cHpm;onf?iguyif rSwfom;onf? iguyifpl;pdkufMunfhonf}}[k twåaumifç toufaumifç igaumif xifrSwfvsufvnf;pGJvrf;Mu\/ þodkYom,mxifrSwfvsuf pGJvrf;tyfaomaMumifh xdkemrfw&m;wdkYudkvnf; ]]0dnmPfOyg'geu©Ëm}}[kac:&ayonf/

    þonfum; rsufpdjzifh tqif;udk jrifcdkuf Oyg'geu©Ëmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wdkYudk xif½Sm;yHkaywnf;/em;jzifhtoHudkMum;cdkufç ESmacgif;jzifh teHYudkeHodcdkuf vQmjzifht&omudk pm;odcdkufç udk,fjzifh tawGYtxdudk xdodcdkufç ESvHk;jzifh oabmtm½HkudkBuHodcdkufwdkYüvnf; Oyg'geu©Ëmig;yg; ½kyfemrfw&m;wdkY xif½Sm;yHkudk enf;wlyifodtyf\/ txl;um; oabmtm½HkrSm ½kyfemrfESpfrsdK;vHk;ESifh qdkif\/ þrQomxl;onf/

    þodkY cP 6-yg;? Xme 6-yg;vHk;ü ½kyfemrfw&m;wdkY xif½Sm;jzpfay:aeMuaomfvnf; tm;xkwfcgpyk*¾dKvfrSm xdkjzpfay:wdkif;aom ½kyfemrfwdkYudk jzpfay:pOftwdkif;vdkufí ½I&\/ pmoif&müvnf; vG,fvG,fululupí oif&ouJhodkYyifwnf;/

    ok'¨0dyóemtusOf;csKyf

    xdkYaMumifh ½kyfemrfESpfrsdK;wdkYwGif omíxif½Sm;aom ½kyfudkpí½I&\/ xdk½kyfwdkYwGifvnf; jrif&? Mum;& eHod& pm;od&aom Oyg'g½kyfwdkYxuf awGUxd&aom blw½kyfwdkYuomí xif½Sm;\ xdkYaMumifh udk,fxJü awGYxd&aom½kyfudkpí½I&\/

    odkYjzpfí txl;xif½Sm;aom xdktawGYxd½kyfudk ½I&eftwGuf xdkifaeonfhwpfudk,fvHk;udk owdESifhpdkufí]]xdkifonf xdkifonf}}[k rjywf½Iae&\/ xdkodkY½Iae&if; wifyg;ujzpfap? ajcaxmufujzpfap wpfae&mrS awGUxdrIudkvnf; xif½Sm; awGY&vdrfhrnf? xdktcg awGUxdrIESifhwGJí ]]xdkifonfç xdonfç xdkifonfç xdonf}}[k xdkifaeaom udk,fxJrSm wpfvSnfh? xdaeaomae&mrS wpfvSnfhtm;jzifh wpfvSnfhpD rjywf½Iae&rnf/

    ]]xdkifonf? xdonf}}[k þenf;jzifh ½Iaeonfudk cufonf[kxifvQif 0ifav xGufav xdckduf&mü pl;pdkufí ]]xdonf xdonf xdonf}}[k þodkYvnf;½IEdkifonf/ odkYr[kwf touf½Iwdkif; 0rf;AdkufxJü azmif;csnf ydefcsnfawmifhwif; vIyf½Sm;vsuf awGYxd&aom ½kyfudkvnf; ½IEdkifonf/

    ½IyHkrSm-a½S;OD;pGm pdwfowdudk 0rf;Adkufüpl;pdkufxm;yg/ azmif;wufvmvdkuf ydefusoGm;vdkufESifh awmifhwif;vIyf½Sm;vsuf? AdkufxJrSmawGUxdrIrsm; rjywfjzpfaeonfudk awGU&vdrfhrnf/ pdwfpdkufxm;½HkrQjzifh rxif½Sm;ao;vQifAdkufrSmvufESifhxdxm;yg/ toufatmifhxm;jcif;ç jrefjref½Ijcif; jyif;jyif;½Ijcif;rsm;udkum; rûy&? yuwd½Iaeustwdkif;rSefrSefom½SLvsuf½Sdae&rnf/ azmif;wufvmcdkufrSm azmif;onf[k½Iyg? wpfa½GUcsif;azmif;wufvmonfudk tprStqHk;wdkifatmif tpOfrjywf odvsuf½Sdygap? ydefuscdkufrSmvnf; ydefonf[k½Iyg? wpfa½GUjcif;ydefusoGm;onfudktpOfrjywfodvsuf½Sdygap? azmif;wdkif;ydefwdkif; ]]azmif;onfç ydefonfç azmif;onfç ydefonfç azmif;onfç ydefonf}} [k rjywf½Iaeyg/

    txl;owdûy&ef-azmif;onf ydefonf paomtrnfuav;rsm;rSm EIwfu½Gwfqdk&efr[kwf? pdwfjzifhomvQiftrnfwyfí ½Iae&efjzpfonf/ xdktrnfrSmvnf; vdk&if;r[kwf? udk,fxJüwu,f jzpfay:vmaom awmifhwif;vIyf½Sm;awGUxdrI ponfudkodjcif;uom vdk&if;jzpfonf/ odkYaomftrnfrygbJ pdwfoufoufjzifh ½IaevQif tm½HkESifh pdwfaumif;aumif; ruyfjcif;ç toD;oD;ydkif;jcm;í rodjcif;ç 0D&d,avsmhavsmhoGm;jcif;paom tjypfrsm;jzpfwwfonf?xdkYaMumifh pdwfjzifhtrnfwyfí ½I&efnTefMum;xm; jcif;jzpfayonf/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 10

    þodkY ]]azmif;onf ydefonf? azmif;onfydefonf}}[k ½IaepOfrSmyif wjcm;wpfyg;tm½Hkrsm;qDodkY xGufxGuf oGm;aom pdwfrsm;vnf; ½Sdvdrfhrnf? xdkpdwfrsm;udk oljzpfonfhtwdkif;yif ½I&rnf/

    ½IyHkrSm-wjcm;odkYxGufoGm;onf[k xifvQif ¤if;pdwfudk xGufonf[k ½Ivdkufyg? BuHonf[k odvQif BuHonf [k ½Ivdkufyg? pOf;pm;onf[k xifvQif pOf;pm;onf[k½Ivdkufyg? vdkcsifvQif vdkcsifonf[kç ESpfoufvQif ESpfouf onf[kç pdwfqdk;vQif pdwfqdk;onf[kç pdwfysufvQif pdwfysufonf[kç ysif;vQif ysif;onf[kç aysmfvQif aysmfonf[k þodkYponfjzifh xdkpdwfaysmufoGm;onfhwdkifatmif qifhumqifhum½I&rnf/ xdkpdwfaysmufoGm;aomtcg ]]azmif;onf ydefonf azmif;onf ydefonf}}[k rlv½IaeMutwdkif;yif jyefírjywf½Iae&rnf/

    udk,fxJü anmif;rIç ylrIç emusifudkufcJrIç paomrcHomrI 'ku©a0'emrsm;jzpfay:vmvQif xdkrcHomrIudkyifpl;pdkufí ]]anmif;onf anmif;onf? ylonf ylonf? emonf emonf}} ponfjzifh ½Iae&rnf/ xdkrcHomrIaysmufNidrf;oGm;aomtcg azmifrIydefrIudkomvQif ½INrJrjywf½Iae&rnf/ odkY&mwGif-anmif;rIylrI ponf jyif;xefvSojzifh tvGefrcHomvSaomtcg vufç ajcç udk,fç taetxdkifrsm;udk ajymif;vJûyjyifay;&\/ xdktcg vIyf½Sm;ûyjyif ay;aom udk,ftrlt&mrsm;udk pl;pdkufí ]]auG;onf auG;onf? qefYonf qefYonf? vIyfonf vIyfonf? a½GUonf a½GUonf?

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 11

    0dyóemorm"dÓPf r*fzdkvfÓPfjzpfyHk

    ,ckjyqdkcJhonfhtwdkif; wpfpuúefY wpfpuúefYrSm½IodrIwBudrf wBudrfxufrenf; rjywf½IEdkif&ef tm;xkwfaeaomfvnf; tm;xkwfcgpyk*¾dKvfrSm r½IrdbJ arhoGm;aom udk,ftrlt&m pdwftrlt&mwdkYvnf; rsm;pGmyif½Sdayvdrfhrnf?orx0dyóemu jycJhonfhtwdkif; wjcm;wyg;odkY a&mufaeaom ed0&P pdwfrsm;vnf; rsm;pGmyif½Sdayvdrfhrnf/txl;rSm orxvkyfief;pOfü arhaompdwf tjcm;odkY oGm;aompdwfrsm;udk ½I&efrvdkNyD? ½INrJorxtm½Hkudk jyefí½I&efom vdkayonf/

    þ0dyóemvkyfief;pOfum; xdkarhoGm;onfh pdwfrsm;wjcm;odkY xGufoGm;onfhpdwfrsm;udkvnf; ½Iod&\/xdkodkY½IodNyD;rS azmif;rIç ydefrIpaom ½INrJudk jyefí½IoGm;&ayonf/ þum;orxESifh 0dyóemwdkYü eD0&Pudky,fjcif;ESifhpyfí vkyfief;pOf xljcm;yHkwpf&yfaywnf;/

    (orxbm0emrSm wpfckwnf;aomtm½Hkü pdwfwnfwHhaeatmif orxtm½Hkudk omrjywf½Iae&\? orxtm½Hk r[kwf aom ½kyfemrftm½Hkudkum; ½I&efwm0efr½Sd? xdkYaMumifh wpf&Hwpfcg ü BuHpnfpOf;pm;aeaom eD0&Ppdwfrsm; jzpfay:vmaomfvnf;¤if;wdkYum; ½I&efrvdk? y,f&efomvdk\/

    0dyóembm0emrSmrl 'Gg& 6-yg;ujzpfay:orQ ½kyfemrfwdkYudk ½I&aomaMumifh wpf&Hwpfcgür½IrdbJ arhvsuf wjcm;udkpOf;pm;rdaom pdwfrsm;vdkcsifESpfoufrI paom eD0&Ppdwfrsm;jzpfay:vmvQif xdkpdwfrsm;udkvnf; ½Ityfonfom? r½IrdvQifxdkpdwfrsm;üvnf; edpöç okcç twåç [k pGJvrf;rI usa&mufrnf csnf;om? odkYjzpfí xdkodkYaompdwfrsm;jzpfay:vmvQif orxtvkyfrSmuJhodkY (towdtreodum&) ESvHk;roGif;bJ xm;½HkrQjzifh udpörNyD;ao;? ¤if;wdkYudkvnf; obm0vu©Pm omrnvu©Pm wdkYjzifh rSefuefpGm odatmif ½IrSomvQif pGJvrf;rIuif;apEdkifí0dyóem udpöNyD;ayonf/ (þum;xyfí½Sif;csufjzpfonf/)

    þodkY½Izefrsm;aomtcg wjcm;odkY ysHYvGifhaompdwfrSm r½Sdoavmufyif uif;Nidrf;aevdrfhrnf? wjcm;odkYpdwfxGufvQifvnf; csufcsif;yifodEdkifí csufcsif;yif xdkpdwfjywfpJoGm;vdrfhrnf? wpf&HwpfcgrSm wjcm;odkYxGuf&efpdwfOD;vSnfhvdkufonfudkyif ½IodEdkifíwjcm;odkY rxGufawmhbJ ½INrJyifwpfpOfwnf; tajcrysuf ½IodaeEdkifonfudkvnf; awGU&vdrfhrnf? xdktcgrS ½I&mç ½I&mtm½Hkü uyfueJç uyfueJtHus udkufvsufwnfwnfaeaom orm"d onf 0dyóemcPdu orm"drnf\/ umrpäÉpaom eD0&PwdkYrS uif;aeaomaMumifh orxvrf;u Oypm&orm"d ESifhvnf; nDrQ\? ysHUvGifhajy;oGm;aeaom xdkeD0&PESifh a&maESmjcif;r½SdbJ ½IodrIbm0empdwfcsnf; a½SUaemufwpfpdwfwnf; pifMu,fvsuf ½SdaomaMumifh pdwå0dok'̈dvnf;rnf\/

    xdktcg ½Iwdkif;ç ½Iwdkif; ½Irdonfh azmif;rIç ydefrI paom ½kyftaygif;udk todemrfESifhvnf;aumif;? tjcm;½kyfrsm;ESifhvnf;aumif;? ra&m,SufapbJ oD;oefYydkif;jcm;í od\? ½IrIç odrIç jrifrI paom emrftaygif;udkvnf;½kyfESifhvnf;aumif;? tjcm;emrfrsm;ESifhvnf;aumif; ra&m,SufapbJ oDjcm;ydkif;jcm;í od\? wpfBudrfç wpfBudrf½IcdkufrSmyif udk,f½kyf todpdwfudk wpfjcm;pDydkif;jcm;íod\/ þodkYemrfESifh ½kyfudk ydkif;jcm;í odjcif;onf emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPfrnf\/

    xdkodkYodzefrsm;aomtcg ]]þudk,fxJü azmif;rI ydefrI vIyf½Sm;rIpaom (tm½Hkudk rodwwfonfh) ½kyfw&m;ESifh odrIç jrifodrI paom (tm½Hkudkodwwfonfh) emrfw&m;[lí ½kyfemrf 2-rsdK;om½Sdonf/ þ½kyfemrfrSwpfyg; yk*¾dKvf owå0gaumifrnfonf r½SdawmhNyD}}[k odjrifoabmus\ ½Iae&if;yif þodkYodjrif oabmusoGm;jcif;onf'dXd0dok'̈drnf\/

    xdkYaemufqufvufí tm;xkwfaevQif ½Iwdkif;ç ½Iwdkif; taMumif;tusdK; qufpyfí xdk½kyfemrfrsm; jzpfay: vmMuonfudkvnf; odjrifoabmMuvm\? odyHkum; auG;csif qefYcsifç vIyf½Sm;ûyjyifcsifaompdwfaMumifh auG;½kyfç

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 12

    qefY½kyfç vIyf½Sm;ûyjyif½kyfrsm; jzpfay:vmMuonfudkvnf;aumif;? tat;"mwfaMumifh yl½kyfç at;½kyfrsm; ajymif;vJjzpfay:vmMuonfudkvnf;aumif;? tpmtm[m&aMumifh ½kyfopfrsm; jzpfay:vmMuonfudkvnf;aumif;? rsufarSmuf awGUvsuf odjrifoabmus\/

    xdkYjyif rsufpdESifhtqif;ç em;ESifhtoH ponf½SdíjrifrI Mum;rI ponfwdkY jzpfay:vmMuonfudk vnf;aumif;ç azmif;rI ydefrIpaom ½Ip&mtm½Hk½Sdí ½IodrI jzpfay:vmonfudk vnf;aumif;? ESvHk;oGif;rI½Sdí xdkxdktm½Hkrsm;qDodkYpdwfu a&mufa&mufoGm;onfudkvnf;aumif; rsufarSmufawGYvsuf odjrifoabmus\/

    xdkYjyif ]]aumif;onf? csrf;omonf}}[k xifaom t0dZÆmaumif;pm;csrf;omcsifaom wPSmwdkYaMumifh BuHpnf tm;xkwfûyvkyfaeMuonfudkvnf;aumif;? xdkûyvkyfrd&mudkyif pGJvrf;í pdwf0dnmPftopf topf jzpfay:aeonfudkvnf;aumif;? aojcif;[lonfrSmvnf; ½Iod&aom þpdwfuav;rsdK; aemufqHk; aysmufuG,foGm;jcif;yif[lívnf;aumif;? b0opfjzpfjcif; [lonfrSmvnf; rSD&m½kyfESifhwuG þpdwfuav;rsdK; topfjzpfay:vmjcif;yif [lívnf;aumif; þodkYponfjzifhvnf; odjrifoabmus\/

    þodkYtaMumif;w&m;yg odjrifjcif;onf ypö,y&*¾[ÓPfrnf\/

    þodkYtaMumif;ESifhtusdK;rQom qufpyfvsufjzpfaeonfudk oabmusaomtcg ]]a½S;uvnf;'DvdktaMumif;tusdK; ½kyfemrfrQom ½SdcJhonf? aemifvnf; 'DvdktaMumif;tusdK; ½kyfemrfrQom½Sdrnf}} [lívnf; odjrifoabmus\/ þodkY odjrif oabmusjcif;onf ucFg0dw&P0dok'̈d rnf\/

    taMumif;tusdK; ½kyfemrfrQom½Sdonf[k rodao;rDu xdk½kyfemrfrsm;udkyif twåaumifç igaumifç xifrSwfí ]]a½S;uvnf; ig½SdcJhavoavm¿ ,ckrSbJ ½Sdvmavoavm¿ 'Dig[m aoNyD;onfh aemufrSmvnf; ½SdOD;rnfavavm}} [k þodkY awG;awm,Hkrsm;rIrsdK; jzpfay:Edkif\/ ,ckrlum; xdk,HkrSm;rIrsdK; rjzpfEdkifawmhNyD? xdk,HkrSm;rIrsdK;udk vGefajrmuf oGm;NyD[k qdkvdk\/

    qufvufí tm;xkwfaevQif ½Iwdkif; ½Iwdkif;aom ½kyfemrfrsm;onf jzpfay:vmNyD;vQif aysmufaysmufoGm;Muonfudkom awGY&aomaMumifh rNrJ[lívnf; oHk;oyfqifjcifrd\? tedpöor®oeÓPf yifwnf;/

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    þodkYoHk;oyfqifjcifí tm;&aomtcg roHk;oyfrqifjcifawmhbJ ½I½Hkom½Ivsuf½Sd\? xdktcg ½I&if;½I&if;½Irdaomtm½Hk\ tpjzpfay:vmyHkudkvnf; ½Sif;vif;jywfom;pGm od&\/ xdktm½Hk\ wdueJ jywfqHk;oGm;yHkudkvnf;½Sif;vif;jywfom;pGm od&\/ tvif;a&mifrsm;ç ESpfodrfhtm;&rIrsm; pdwfat;csrf;omrIrsm;ç bk&m;w&m;ESifhpyfaomo'̈g MunfñdkrIrsm;ç xufoefaom tmxkwfvdkrIrsm;ç 0rf;omrIrsm;ç tvGefvsifjrefoefY½Sif;aom odrIrsm;ç ½Ip&mtm½HkawGudk tvGwfr½Sdatmif trSwf&vsuf ½IEdkifrIrsm;ç txl;aMumifhMurûy&bJ ½IEdkifrIrsm;ç ½I&onfü aysmfvsufESpfoufom,mrIrsm; [laom þxl;jcm;aom oabmw&m;wdkYonfvnf; jzpfay:vmwwfukef\/ xdkYaMumifha,m*Donf rdrd\ jzpfrIrsm;udk rajym&bJ raeEdkifavmufatmif 0rf;om wuf

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 13

    wpfae&modkY ra&mufbJ wa½GUcsif; wpfa½GUjcif; ysufoGm;aom vIyf½Sm;rIaygif;rsm;pGmwdkYudk wpfydkif;pD wpfydkif;pD½Sif;vif;jywfom;pGm od&\? OyuúdavorS vGwfaom O',AÁ,ÓPfaywnf;/

    xdkÓPftm; aumif;vmaomtcg todonf wdk;í vsifjrefvm\/ xdkYaMumifh tm½Hk\ tpjzpfrIxuf tqHk; aysmufrIu omíxif½Sm;pGm awGY&\? ½I&aomtm½Hkrsm;rSm ukefqHk; ysufaeESifhouJhodkY xif&\? vufç ajcç acgif;ç paom yHko@mef txnfj'yfudk rawGY&awmhbJ w&dyf&dyf aysmufaysmufaeonfudkom ½Iwdkif;½Iwdkif;awGU&\/

    ½Iodaom pdwfuav;yg olYtm½HkESifhtwl a½SYaemuf qifhvsuf wpfygwnf; aysmufaysmufoGm;onfudkawGU&\/ þodkY ½Iwdkif;ç ½Iwdkif; tm½Hka&m todpdwfyg wpfpHkvHk; wpfpHkvHk; aysmufaysmufoGm;onfudk odjcif;onf b*FÓPfrnf\/

    ½Iwdkif;odwdkif; tm½Hka&m todpdwfyg wpfysufwnf; ysufaeonfudkom awGU&aomaMumifh ]]aMumufp&maumif;onf}}[k xifjrifoabmusvm\ b,ÓPfaywnf;/

    ]]raumif;bl;}}[k tjypfvnf;jrifvm\? tm'De0ÓPfaywnf;/

    ]]ESpfoufaysmfarGUzG,f r½Sd? ysif;&dNiD;aiGUzG,f}} [lívnf; xifjrifvm\/ edAÁd'gÓPfaywnf;/

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    xdky#docFgÓPf tm;jynfhaomtcg ½IodrIonfaMumifhMurpdkuf&bJ olYtvdkvdkyif odvsufodvsuf em&Dpufrsm;uJhodkY oGm;ae\/ taumif;tqdk;tm½Hk\ oabmaemufodkY rvdkufbJ od½HkrQod½HkrQom vspfvsL½Ivsuf½Sdae\/ tvGefyifnifomodrfarGUvSay\/ olYt½SdefESifhol odvsufodvsuf oGm;aeonfrSm wpfem&D ESpfem&DoHk;em&Dvnf; MumoGm;wwf\/ xdkrQMumaomfvnf; anmif;nmyifyef;jcif;um;r½Sday/ þodkYtaumif; tqdk;tm½HkaemufodkYvnf; rvdkufaMumifhMuvnf;rpdkuf&bJ oabmrSefudk od½HkrQMum½SnfpGm ododoGm;aejcif;onf ocFg½kayu©m ÓPfrnf\/

    þodkYolYt½SdefESifhol odvsufodvsuf tvdkvdkoGm;ae&mxJu txl;oGufvufvQifjrefaom toduav;rsm;jzpfay:vmjyef\? xdktoduav;rsm;rSm 0k|mernfaom r*fqDodkYw[kwf xdk;wufoGm;aom 0k|me*grdeD0dyóemÓPfrnf\/

    xdkxl;jcm;aom toduav;rsm;rSmvnf; xdkcPü 'Gg& 6-yg;wGif xif½Sm;ay:vmaom ½kyfemrftm½Hkudkyif rNrJ[lívnf;aumif;? qif;&J[líaomfvnf;aumif; tewå[líaomfvnf;aumif;}} odjrifvQuf jzpfay:ayonf/xdkwGif aemufqHk;tBudrftodrSm y&duHOypm tEkvHkac: aZmoHk;ckyg0ifaom tEkavmrÓPfaywnf;/ a½S;0dyóem ÓPf aemufr*fÓPfwdkYESifh oifhavsmfpGm jzpfaomÓPf[k qdkvdk\/

    a½S;&ifhaom O',AÁ,ÓPfrSpí þtEkavmrÓPfwdkifatmif ÓPf 9-yg;taygif;onf y#dy'gÓP'óe0dok'̈drnf\/

    xdkÓPftjcm;rJhü todpdwfonf ½kyfemrfqif;&JcsKyfaom edAÁmeftm½HkodkYusa&mufoGm;\? a*gMwbkÓPfaywnf; ykxkZOftEG,fudkjzwfum t&d,mtEG,fodkY 0ifa&mufoGm;aom ÓPf[kqdkvdkonf/

    xdkYaemufedAÁmefudkyif rsufarSmufawGUodjrifvQuf aomwmywådr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfrsm; jzpfay:vmMu\?xdkwGifr*fÓPfudk ÓP'óe0dok'̈d[k ac:onf/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 14

    xdkr*fzdkvf jzpfcdkuftcsdefrSm wpfpuúefYrQyifrMumay? xkdYaemufxl;jcm;pGm awGYod&aom r*fzdkvf edAÁmefwdkYudkjyefvnfí qifjcifrd\/ ypöa0u©PmÓPfaywnf;/

    þtpOftwdkif; ypöa0u©PmÓPfwdkifatmif jynfhpHkpGmawGUjrifaom olonf aomwmyeftjzpfodkY a&mufaeaomolaywnf;/

    aomwmyefrSm-

    1/ ouúm,'dXd-½kyfemrftaygif;udk twåaumif[k xifrSwfjcif;/

    2/ 0dpdudpäm-bk&m;ç w&m;ç oHCmtusifhodu©mwdkYESifh pyfí,HkrSm;jcif;/

    3/ oDvAÁwy&mrmo-t&d,mr*fvrf;tusifhrS wpfyg;aom tavhtusifhrsm;udk edAÁmefa&mufaMumif; tusifhaumif;[k ,HkMunf,lrSm;jcif;/

    [laom þoHa,mZOfoHk;yg;uif;Nidrf;\? xdkYjyif ig;yg;oDvvnf;usdK;jcif; ysufjcif;r½SdbJ olYobm0twdkif;yifvHkNcHKpifMu,fvsuf½Sd\/

    xdkYaMumifh aomwmyefyk*¾dKvfonf tyg,f 4-yg;rS vHk;0vGwfajrmuf\? vlYbHkç ewfbHkwdkYrSmvnf; tvGefqHk; 7-b0rQom usifvnfí 7-b0ajrmufwGif &[EÅmjzpfum edAÁmefodkY 0ifpH&avonf/

    xdkaomwmyefyk*¾dKvfonf rdrd&NyD;aom zdkvfw&m;odkY 0ifa&muf&ef &nfoefí 0dyóem½IvQif xdkzdkvfodkY0ifa&mufvsuf ig;rdepfç q,frdepfç em&D0ufç wpfem&D ponfjzifh zvormywfü wnfaeEdkif\/ 0oDabmfEdkifeif;vQif tvsiftjrefvnf;0ifpm;Edkif\/ wpfaeYvHk; wpfnvHk;aomfvnf; Mum½SnfpGm xdkzvormywfü wnfae Edkif\/

    r&ao;aomr*fzdkvfrsm;odkY a&muf&ef&nfoefí Oyg'geu©Ëmig;yg;wdkYudk enf;wlyif ½lygrlum; O',AÁ,ÓPf 0dyóemÓPfrsm;enf;wlyif tpOftwdkif;jzpfNyD;vQif £a`Évnf; &ifhusufygrl ou'g*grdr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfjzifhedAÁmefudk awGUjrifum ou'g*grftjzpfodkY a&mufoGm;avonf ou'g*grfrSm Murf;wrf;aom umr&m*ESifhAsmyg'wdkY uif;Nidrf;oGm;jyef\/ xdkYaMumifh ou'g*grfyk*¾dKvfonf ewfbHkwdkYü tvGefqHk;ESpfb0rQom jzpfNyD;vQif&[EÅmjzpfum edAÁmefodkY 0ifpH&avawmhonf/

    xdkoum'g*grf yk*¾dKvfonfvnf; zdkvf0ifpm;vkdí 0dyóem½IvQif &NyD;aomzdkvfodkYa&muf\/ txufr*fzdkvfa&muf&ef &nfoefí 0dyóem½IvQifum;enf;wlyif 0dyóemÓPfrsm; tpOftwdkif;jzpfNyD;vQif tem*grdr*fÓPf zdkvfÓPfjzifh edAÁmefudkawGYjrifum tem*grftjzpfodkY a&mufoGm;\/ tem*grfrSmum; umr&m*ESifhAsmyg'wdkY vHk;0uif;\/ xdkYaMumifh tem*grfyk*¾dKvfonf umrbHkü wpfzefrjzpfawmhNyD? ½lyç t½lyjA[®mhbHkwdkYüomjzpfí xdkbHk wdkYüyif &[EÅmjzpfum edAÁmefpH0if&avawmhonf/

    xdktem*grfyk*¾dKvfonfvnf; zdkvf0ifpm;vdkí 0dyóem½IvQif &NyD;zdkvfodkYa&muf\/ txufr*fzdkvfodkYa&muf&ef &nfoefí 0dyóem½IvQifum; enf;wlyif 0dyóemÓPfrsm; tpOftwdkif;jzpfNyD;vQif t&[wår*fÓPfç zdkvfÓPffjzifh edAÁmefudk awGYjrifum &[EÅmtjzpfodkY a&mufoGm;avawmh\/

    &[EÅmyk*¾dKvfrSm 1-½ly&m*? 2-t½ly&m*? 3-rme? 4-O'¨pö? 5-t0dZÆm[laom þt

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 15

    tb,faMumifhur®Xmef;w&m;udk tm;xkwf&oenf;/ [laomar;cGef;udk

    edAÁmefodkYa&mufí tdkjcif;ç aojcif;ç paom qif;&J[lorQrS vGwfajrmuf&eftwGuf tm;xkwf&ayonf/

    [kajzqdkcJhayonf/

    odkYjzpfí edAÁmefudka&mufum tdkjcif;aojcif;paom qif;&J[lorQrS vGwfajrmufvdkaom yk*¾dKvfwdkYonf þusrf;ü nTefMum;xm;onfhtwdkif; tm;xkwfEdkifMuí qif;&JNidrf;aomedAÁmefodkY vsifjrefpGm qdkufa&mufMuygapownf;/

    0dyóemorm"dÓPf r*fzdkvfÓPfjzpfyHkNyD;\/

    a e m u f q u f w G J0rf;AdkufrSvIyf½Sm;½kyfudk

    ½ I t y f a M u m i f ; o m " u

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    ½lyH bdu©a0a,medaom reodua&mx? ½lygedpöwOö,xmblwH orEkyóx? &[ef;wdkY ½kyfudkoifhavsmf rSefuefpGmESvHk;oGif;Mu-½IMuukefavm? ½kyf\ rNrJjcif;udkvnf; [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm ½IMuukefavmh/ (oH 2-42)

    tedpöan0 bdu©a0 bdu©K½lyH tedpöEÅdyówd? omóa[mwd or®m'dXd-&[ef;wdkY &[ef;onf rNrJonfomvQifjzpfaom ½kyfudk rNrJ[k ½Ijrif\/ xdk&[ef;\ xdk½Ijrifjcif;onf or®m|d tjrifrSefaywnf;/

    þodkYtp½Sdaom cËoH,kwfa'oem ygVdawmfwdkYESifhvnf; nDnGwf\/ r[mowdy|meokwfvm cË"r®mEkyóemüvnf;twGif;0if\/ xdkYjyif-

    azm|aAÁ bdu©a0 a,medaom reodua&mx? azm|AÁmedpöwOö ,xmblwH orEkyóx-&[ef;wdkY awGYxd&aom tm½Hk wdkYudk oifhavsmf rSefuefpGm ESvHk;oGif;Mu ½IMuukefavmh? awGYxd &aom tm½HkwdkY\ rNrJjcif;udkvnf; [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm ½IMuavmh/(oH 2-355)

    tedpöa,0 bdu©a0 bdu©K azm|aAÁ tedpömwd yówd? omó a[mwd or®m'd|d-&[ef;wdkY . . . &[ef;onf rNrJonf omvQif jzpfukefaom awGUxd&aom tm½HkwdkYudk rNrJukef[k ½Ijrif \ xdk&[ef;\ ½Ijrifjcif;onf or®m'd|d tjrifrSefaywnf;/ (oH2-35)

    azm|aAÁ tbdZmeH y&dZmeH 0d&mZ,H yZ[H oaAÁm'ku©u©,m,-&[ef;wdkY . . . awGYxd&aom tm½HkwdkYudk a½S;½IodvQifç ydkif;jcm;odvQifç wufrufjy,fapvQifç y,fpGefvQifqif;&Jukefjcif;iSgç qif;&Jukef&mt&[wåzdkvfedAÁmefudk rsufarSmufûyjcif;iSg xdkufay\/ (oH 2-250)

    azm|aAÁtedpöawm Zmeawm yóawm t0dZÆm OyÜZÆwd? awGUxd&aom tm½HkwdkYudk rNrJ[k odjrifaomoltm; t0dZÆmudk

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 16

    y,ftyf\/ (t0dZÆm aysmufuif;\/) 0dZÆmÓPfjzpfay:\/ (oH 2-259)

    þodkYtp½Sdaom oV,weoH,kwf a'oemygVdawmfESifhvnf; nDnGwf\ r[mowdyXmeokwf vmtm,we"r®mEkyóemüvnf; twGif;0if\/ xdkYjyif-

    ,map0 acg ye tZÑwådum 0ga,m"mwk ,m pAm[d&m 0ga,m"mwk? 0ga,m"mwka, a0om? wH ]]aewH rr? aeaom[ro®d? earaom twåm}} wd {0arwH ,wmblwHor®yÜnm, '|AÁH?

    tMuifudk,fwGif; 0ga,m"mwfonf vnf;aumif;?tMuif udk,fy 0ga,m"mwfonf vnf;aumif;½Sd\? ¤if; 2-rsdK;vHk;onf 0ga,m"mwfcsnf;omwnf;? ¤if;0ga,m"mwfudk ]]þonfum; ighOpömr[kwf? þonfum; igr[kwf? þonfum;ig\ twå r[kwf}}[k þodkY trSefodaomynmjzifh [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm ½Ijriftyf\/ (r 2-85/ r 3-285)

    þodkYtp½Sdaom "mwka'oem ygVdawmfESifhvnf; nDnGwf\? r[mowdyXmeokwfvm "mwk reodumuum,mEkyóemüvnf; twGif;0if\/ xdkYjyif 0rf;Adkuf\ awmifhwif; vIyf½Sm;rI 0ga,m½kyfonf ½kyfOyg'geu©Ëm'küopömw&m; jzpfaomaMumifh-

    uwrOö bdu©a0 'ku©H t&d,opöH? yOöKyg'g eu©Ëmwdó 0peD,H-&[ef;wdkY . . . 'ku©t&d, opöm [lonftb,fenf;/ Oyg'geu©Ëmig;yg;yif[lí ajzqdktyf\/ (oH 3-373)

    'ku©H bdu©a0 t&d,opöH y&dan,sH? &[ef;wdkY-'ku©t&d,opömudk ydkif;jcm;odtyf\/ (oH 3-382)

    þodkYtp½Sdaom opöma'oem ygVdawmfwdkYESifhvnf; nDnGwf\/ r[mowdyXme okwfvm t&d,opöm"r®mEkyóemüvnf; twGif;0if\/

    txufyg om"uygVdwdkYjzifh 0rf;Adkuf\ azmif;rI ydefrI[kac:aom awmifhwif;vIyf½Sm;rIudk ½ItyfaMumif;vnf; xif;½Sm;\/ xdkazmif;rI ydefrIudk ½Ijrifjcif;jzifh rSefuefpGm odjrifaom or®m'd|dç 0dZÆmÓPfjzpfay:í rdpäm'd|dç t0dZÆmwdkYudk y,fEdkifaMumif;ç r*fzdkvf edAÁmefodkYvnf; qdkufa&mufEdkifaMumif;vnf; xif½Sm;\/

    ,xm,xm 0gyeóuma,m yPd[dawm a[mwdwxm wxmeH yZmemwd-xdk&[ef;\ ½kyfudk,fonf tMuiftMuif tjcif;t&mjzifh wnfaevQif xdkxdk tjcif;t&mtm;jzifhxdk½kyfudk,f udkod\/ ('D 2-232? r-71)

    txufyg r[mowdyXmeokwf ygVdawmfü ]],xm ,xm-tMuiftMuif tjcif;t&m? wxmwxm-xdkxdktjcif;t&m}}[laom pum;wdkYjzifh udk,ftrlt&m tvHk;pHkudk wdkuf½dkufjyvsuf½Sd\? xdkudk,ftrlt&mtvHk;pHkonfvnf; oufqdkif&m wjcm;okwfç tjcm;ygVdwdkYESifh tnD0dyóem½Ityfaom ½kyfw&m;csnf;omvsifjzpf\-xdkudk,ftrlt&m½kyfwdkYwGif 0dyóemr½Iaumif;aom ½kyfrnfonf r½Sdacs? odkYjzpfí þygVdudkvnf; þt&mü om"uwpf&yftjzpf jzifh rSwftyfay\/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 17

    £" yaeuapöm 0kwåyÜum&H orxH tEkyÜ a'wGm0yOöyg'geu©aË tedpöm'D[d 0dyówd? t,H 0dyóem/ (r-X-1-113)

    þ(omoem)ü tcsdKYyk*¾dKvfonfum; orx ykAÁ*Frenf;ü jyqdkcJhaom orxudk rjzpfapawmhbJ ig;yg;aom Oyg'geu©ËmwdkYudk rNrJaom tjcif;t&mponfwdkYjzifh ½I\? ¤if;onf 0dyóemaywnf;/

    txufyg tXuxmjzifh orxudk tm;rxkwfbJ 0dyóemuyifpí tm;xkwfaumif;onfudkvnf; jy\/

    oDv0wm0kawm aum|du? bdu©Kem yOöyg'geu©Ëmtedpöawm 'ku©awm/y/ tewåawm a,medaom reodumwAÁm?/y/ XmeH acg yaewH tm0kaom 0dZÆwd,H oDv0g bdu©K £ar yOöKyg'g eu©aË tedpöawm 'ku©awm /y/ tewåawm a,med aom reoduma&maEÅm aomwmywådzvH opädua&,s/ (oH 2-136)

    igh½SifaumXdu . . . oDvESifh jynfhpHkaom &[ef;onf Oyg'geu©Ëmig;yg;wdkYudk tedpöç 'ku©ç tewå[kenf;vrf;rSefuefpGm ESvHk;oGif;tyf ½Ityf\? oDvESifh jynfhpHkaom &[ef;onf þOyg'geu©Ëm ig;yg;wdkYudk tedpö[kç 'ku©[kç tewå[k enf;vrf;rSefuefpGm ESvHk;oGif;vQif ½IvQif aomwmywådzdkvfudk rsufarSmufûyEdkif&ef taMumif;½Sday\/

    txufyg oDv0EÅokwfjzifh Oyg'geu©Ëm ig;yg;udk rSefpGm½IvQif aomwmyef ponf jzpfEdkifaMumif;xif½Sm;jy\? azmif;rI ydefrIonf Oyg'geu©Ëmüyg0ifaom 0ga,m½kyfaywnf;?

    wH ud rnwd rmvkusykwå? a, aw pu©K-0dan,sm½lyg t'd|m t'd|ykAÁm e p yó od? e p aw a[mwdyaó,sEÅd? twåd aw wwå qaÉm 0g &ma*g 0g ayrH 0gwd? aema[wH baEÅ/ (oH 2-295)

    rmvkusykwå&[ef; . . . . ,ck ar;rnfh tcsufudk b,fvdkxifovJ? rsufpdjzifhjrifEdkifonfh tMuiftqif; ½lyg½HkwdkYudk oifrjrifzl;ao;? ,ckvnf;jrifqJr[kwfç jrif&vdrfhrnf[lívnf; oifhrSmpdwful; rjzpfao;bl;qdkygawmh?xdkodkYaom tqif;½lyg½HkwdkY üoifhrSm ESpfoufjcif;ç wyfrufjcif;ç cspfcifjcif; jzpfEdkifygrnfavm[k jrwfpGmbk&m;uar;awmfrl\/ rjzpfEdkifyg[k rmvkusykwå&[ef;u ajz\/ (toHç teHYç t&omç tawGUç oabm tm½HkwdkYüvnf; enf;wlyif ar;onf ajzonf/)

    {wåp aw rmvkusykwå? 'dXokw rkw 0dnm awok"ar®ok 'da| 'd|rwåH b0dówd? okawokwrwåH b0dówd?rkaw rkwrwåH b0dówd? 0dnmaw 0dnmwrwåH b0dówd/(oH? 2-295)

    rmvkus ykwå&[ef; . . . . jrif&ç Mum;&ç awGY&ç od&aom þtm½HkwdkYüvnf; (½IaevQif) oifhrSmjrif&onfü jrif½HkrQ jzpfvdrfhrnf? Mum;&onfü Mum;½HkrQjzpfvdrfhrnf? awGY&onfü awGU½HkrQjzpfvdrfhrnf? od&onfü od½HkrQjzpfvdrfh rnf? (jrif½HkrQ ponfxufydkíESpfoufjcif; rjzpfEdkifatmif ½IrSwfae&rnf[k qdkvdk\? azmif;rIç ydefrIonf awGU&aom oabmwnf;/)

    e aom &ZÆwd ½layok? ½lyH 'doGm y#dóawm/e aom &ZÆ[d oa'́ok?o'́H okwGm y#dóawm/e aom &ZÆwd *aËok?

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 18

    *ËH CwGm y#dóawm/e aom &ZÆwd &aowk?&oH abmwGm y#dóaw/e aom &ZÆwd zaóok?zóH zkó y#dóawm/e aom &ZÆwd "ar®ok?"r®H O wGm y#dóawm/ (oH 2-297)

    tqif;udk jrifNyD;vQif (¤if;udk) wpfzeftrSwf&aom olonf jrif&aom tqif;wdkYü rwyfrufNyD/

    toHudk Mum;NyD;vQif (¤if;udk) wpfzef trSwf&aomolonf Mum;&aom toHwdkYü rwyfrufNyD/

    teHYudk eHNyD;vQif (¤if;udk) wpfzef trSwf&aomolonf eHYaom teHYwdkYü rwyfrufNyD/

    t&omudk pm;odNyD;vQif (¤if;udk) wpfzef trSwf&aomolonf pm;od&aom t&omwdkYü rwyfrufNyD/

    tawGYudk xdodNyD;vQif (¤if;udk) wpfzef trSwf&aomolonf xdod&aom tawGUwdkYü rwyfrufNyD/

    oabmtm½Hkudk MuHodNyD;vQif (¤if;udk) wpfzef trSwf&aomolonf MuHod&aom oabmtm½HkwdkYYü rwyf rufNyD/

    txufyg rmvkusykwå okwfjzifh tm½Hk 6-yg;udk 0dÓPf 6-yg;jzifh odNyD;vQif csufcsif;yif ½IvQuf trSwf& aomolrSm wyfrufjcif;paom udavom rjzpfEdkifonfudk jy\/ xdkYaMumifh 0dyóem½Iolonf rdrdoEÅmefüavmavmq,fjzpfay:oGm;aom jrifrIç Mum;rIç eHrIç pm;odrIç xdodrIç BuHodrIwdkYudk ½ItyfaMumif; xif½Sm;\? xdkwGif 0rf;Adkuf awmifhwif;vIyf½Sm;rIonf xdodrIü twGif;0ifvQuf½Sd\/ xdkYaMumifhyif azmif;cdkufç ydefcdkufü ]]azmif;onf ydefonf}}[k csufcsif;½I&ayonf/

    oAÁH bdu©a0 tbdan,sH? udOöbdu©a0 oAÁHtbdan,sH? pu©HK bdu©a0 tbdan,sH? ½lygtbdan,sH?pu©K0dnmPH tbdan,sH? pu©Koræaóm tbdana,sm? ,rÜd'H pu©K oræóypö,m OyÜZÆwd a0',dwH okcH 0g 'ku©H 0g t'ku© rkocH 0g? wrÜd tbdan,sH? aomwH tbdan,sH?o'́gtbdan,sm/y/ CmeH tbdan,sH? *Ëm tbdan,sm/y/ Zd0Smtbdan,sm? &om tbdan,sm/y/ uma,mtbdana,sm? azm|AÁtbdan,sm/y/ raemtbdana,sm? "r®mtbdan,sm/y/ (oH-3-258)

    &[ef;wdkY tvHk;pHkudk a½S;½Iûyí odtyf\/ tb,ftvkH;pkHukd a½S;½SKûyí odtyfoenf;[lrl &[ef;wdkY . . . . rsufpdudk a½S;½Iûyí odtyf\tqif;wdkYudk a½S;½Iûyí odtyfukef\ jrifonfhpdwfudk rsufpdtawGUudk a½S;½Iûyíodtyf\/ rsufpdtawGUaMumifh csrf;omaomcHpm;rI jzpfapç qif;&Jaom cHpm;rI jzpfapç rqif;&J rcsrf;omaomcHpm;rIjzpfap jzpfay:\/ xdkcHpm;rIudk a½S;½Iûyí odtyf\/

    em;udk a½S;½Iodtyf\ toHwdkYudk a½S;½Iodtyfukef\/y/ ESmacgif;udkç teHYçwdkYudk a½S;½Iodtyf ukef\/y/vQmudk t&omwdkYudk a½S;½Iodtyfukef\/y/ ESvHk;udkç oabmtm½HkwdkYudkç a½S;½Iodtyfukef\/y/

    txufyg tbdan,sokwfjzifh 'Gg& 6-yg;ü xif½Sm;ay:vmorQ ½kyfemrftvHk;pHkudk ½IrSwfí odtyfaMumif; xif½Sm;jy\/ 0rf;Adkuf\ azmif;rIydefrIonf um,'Gg&üxif½Sm;aom 0ga,mazm|AÁ½kyfjzpfí ¤if;udkvnf; ½ItyfaMumif;xif½Sm;\/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 19

    oAÁH bdu©a0 y&dan,sH? udOö bdu©a0 oAÁH y&dan,sH? pu©HK bdu©a0 y&dan,sH? ½lygy&dan,sm? pu©K0dnmPHy&dan,sH/y/ uma,my&dana,sm? azm|AÁmy&dan,sm? um,0dnmPH y&dan,sH/y/raem y&dana,sm? "r®my&dan,sm? raem 0dnmPH y&dan,sH/y/ (oH 2-258)

    &[ef;wdkY . . . . tvHk;pHk ydkif;jcm;íodtyf\/ tb,ftvHk;pHkudk ydkif;jcm;íodtyfoenf;[lrl &[ef;wdkY . . . . rsufpdudk ydkif;jcm;í odtyf\/y/ tqif;wdkYudkydkif;jcm;í odtyfukef\? jrifpdwfudk ydkif;jcm;í odtyf\/y/ udk,fudk ydkif;jcm;í odtyf\? tawGYudk ydkif;jcm;íodtyfukef\/ xdodpdwfudk ydkif;jcm;í odtyf\/y/ ESvHk;udkç oabmtm½Hk wdkUudkç BuHodpdwfudkydkif;jcm;í odtyf\/y/

    txufyg y&dan,sokwfjzifhvnf; 'Gg& 6-yg;üxif½Sm;ay:vmorQ ½kyfemrftvHk;pHkudkyif tjzpftysuf tedpö vu©Pm ponfwdkYjzifh ydkif;jcm;íodtyfaMumif; xif½Sm;jy\/ 0rf;Adkuf\azmif;rI ydefrIonf um,'Gg&üxif½Sm;aom 0ga,mazmXAÁ½kyfjzpfí ¤if;udkvnf;½ItyfaMumif;xif½Sm;\/

    u r ® X m e f ; w & m ; t m ; x k w f & j c i f ; t a M u m i f ; N y D ; \/

    r [ m p n f q & m a w m f a [ m M u m ; a o m"r®a'oemaqmifyk'frsm;

    O y & d y u ú m o y g V d a w m f o V m , w e 0 d b * F o k w f r S aqmifyk'frsm;

    wGif;jyif tm,weç 0dnmPESifhç zóajcmufrnfç BuHpnfpOf;pm;ç q,fh½Spfyg;ESifhç owå0gajcaxmufçoHk;q,fhajcmufudkç rsufarSmufxifpGmç odjrifumjzifhç þrSmrSDzG,fç xdk[my,favmç oHk;oG,fvm½Sdç owdyXmefçrSd0J&ef[kç okwåefjrwfpGmç nTefjyygonfç oVm,we0dbif;wnf;/

    1/ pdwfaprsm;pGmç tm;xkwf&mç csJYumtm,we/2/ qif;&J½SnfpGmç jzpfapwmç rSwfygtm,we/3/ pdwfapae&mç xGufay:&mç jzpf&mtm,we/ 4/ taMumif;wpfjzmç aygif;qHk&mç rSwfygtm,we/

    (u) pu©m,we-rsufpdtaMumif;? aomwm,we-em;taMumif;? Cmem,we-ESmacgif; taMumif;? Zd0Sm ,we vQmtaMumif;? um,m,we-udk,ftaMumif;? rem,we-pdwftaMumif;? þtwGif;buftaMumif; 6-yg;udk tZÑwådu tm,we[kac:onf/

    (2) ½lyg,we-tqif;taMumif;? o'́g,we-toHtaMumif;? *Ëm,we-teHYtaMumif;? &om,we-t&omtaMumif;? azm|AÁm,we-tawGUtaMumif;? "r®m,we-oabmtaMumif;? þjyifytaMumif; 6-yg;udkAm[d&tm,we [kac:onf/

    (3) pu©K0dnmPf-jrifodrI? aomwm0dnmOf-Mum;odrI? Cme0dnmOf-eHodrI? ZD0Sm0dnmOf-pm;odrI? um,0dnmOf-xdawGUrI? raem0dnmOf-BuHodrI? þodrI 6-yg;udk 0dnmOf[kac:onf/

    (4) pu©Koræó-jrifawGUrI? aomworæó-Mum;awGUrI? Cmeoræó-eHawGUrI? ZD0Smoræó-pm;awGUrI?um,oræó-xdawGYrI? raemoræó-BuHawGUrI? þawGUrI 6-yg;udk zó[k ac:onf/

    ½kyfemrfwdkY\ trnfESifhta&twGufudk qifjcifí odvQifynwfudk odonf? trIefYoP²mefESifhawGYjrifvQifyJynwfudkjrifonf? ½kyfemrfwdkY\ vu©Pç &oç ypöKyXmefudk odygrS y&rwftppfudkodonf/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 20

    1/ tqif;xifaMumif;aumif;aumif;Munfonf? (vu©P)qif;qDodkYç jrifydkYay;onf? (&o) olYudkrSDíç jrifrIjzpfonf?(ypöKyXmef) rsufpdüç odxdkuf þoHk;rnf/

    2/ rsufpdxJüç wdkufcdkufay:onf? jrifodcH&ç udpö½Sdonf/jrifrIa&mufoGm;ç usufpm;&mrnf? tqif;üç odxdkufþoHk;rnf/

    3/ rsufpdrSD&if;ç tqif;jrifonf? tqif;udkrQç oluodonf/tqif;qDa½S;½Iç olûyaeonf? jrifodüç odxdkufþoHk;rnf/

    4/ pdwfESifhtqif;ç xifvif;awGYonf? pdwfudktqif;üç odxdkuf aponf/ rsufpdtqif;ç jrifjcif;pHknD? jrifawGUüç odxdkufþ oHk;rnf

    (5) rsufpdjzifhtqif;udkjrifNyD;vQif 0rf;omzG,ftqif;udk qifjcifpOf;pm;onf? ESvHk;rom,mzG,f tqif;udk qifjcifpOf;pm;onf? omreftqif;udk qifjcifpOf;pm;onf? þodkYtm;jzifh jrif&mü qifjcifpOf;pm;rI 3-yg;/

    em;jzifhtoHudk Mum;NyD;vQif 0rf;omzG,ftoHudk qifjcifpOf;pm;onf/ (enf;wlyif)/

    ESmacgif;jzifh teHYudkeHNyD;vQif (enf;wlyif)/

    vQmjzifht&omudk pm;odNyD;vQif(enf;wlyif)/

    udk,fjzifhtawGYudk xdodNyD;vQif(enf;wlyif)/

    pdwfjzifhoabmtm½Hkudk BuHodNyD;vQif 0rf;omzG,ftm½Hkudk qufjcifpOf;pm;onf? ESvHk;rom,mzG,f tm½HkudkqifjcifpOf;pm;onf? omreftm½Hkudk qifjcifpOf;pm;onf? þodkYtm;jzifh BuHod&mü qifjcifpOf;pm;rI 3-yg;? þ 18-yg; udk raemy0dpm&[k ac:onf/

    (6) tm½Hk 6-yg;ü umr*kPfESifhpyfaom 0rf;omrI 6-yg;ç ESvHk;romrI 6-yg;ç Oayu©m 6-yg;þ 18-yg;rSm0¥edódwowå0gwdkY\ ajcaxmufrsm;jzpfonf? þajcaxmufwdkYjzifh oHo&m0#fxJü usifvnfae Muonf/

    tm½Hk 6-yg;ü 0dyóemESifhpyfaom 0rf;omrI 6-yg;ç ESvHk;romrI 6-yg;ç Oyau©m 6-yg;ç þ 18-yg;rSm0d0¥edódw owå0gwdkY\ ajcaxmufrsm;jzpfonf/ þajcaxmufwdkYjzifh oHo&m0#frS vGwfajrmufMu&onf/

    tEkyóem 3 -yg;aqmifyk'f

    (u) 1/ jzpfysuforQ ½kyfemrfcËmu tedpöw&m;/2/ jzpfay:NyD;aemuf uG,faysmufoGm;wmu tedpövu©Pm/3/ ½IrSwfqJrSm uG,faysmufoGm;wmudk awGU&í rNrJ[k½Iwmu tedpömEkyóemÓPf/

    (c) 1/ jzpfysufESpf&yf ESdyfpuftyfwJh ½kyfemrfcËmu 'ku©w&m;/2/ jzpfysufESpf&yf rjywfESdyfpufwmu 'ku© vu©Pm/3/ ½IrSwfqJrSm jzpfysufaewmudk awGU&í qif;&J[k ½Iwmu 'ku©EkyóemÓPf/

    (*) 1/ olYoabmtwkdif;jzpfysufaewJhemrfcËmu tewåw&m;/2/ tvdktwdkif;rjzpfwmu tewåvu©Pm/3/ ½IrSwfqJrSm tvdktwdkif;rjzpfwmudk awGY&í tpdk;r&ç igaumifr[kwf[k ½Iwmu tewåmEkyóemÓPf/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 21

    t e w å E k y ó e m w & m ; a w m f a qmifyk'frsm;

    (u) 1/ udk,fxJrSm tvdktwdkif;tpdk;&wJh igaumif½Sdonf[k xifwmu omrDtwåpGJ/2/ udk,fxJrSm tNrJwrf;wnfaewJh igaumif½Sdonf[k xifwmu eD0goDo twåpGJ/3/ udk,fç EIwfç pdwftrlt&m[lorQudk igaumifuyifûyvkyfonf[k xifwmu um&u twåpGJ/4/ taumif;tqdk;[lorQudk igaumifuyifcHpm;onf[k xifwmu a0'utwåpGJ/

    (c) 1/ a½SUaemufw&m; cPjym;vsufç ydkif;jcm;rjywfç igaumifrSwfç ay:vwfoEÅwdCewnf;/2/ ½kyfemrftrsm;ç oabmjym;vsufç ydkif;jcm;rjywfç igaumifrSwfç ay:vwf orl[Cewnf;/3/ ½kyfemrftrsm;ç udpöjym;vsufç ydkif;jcm;rjywfç igaumifrSwfç ay:vwfudpöCewnf;/4/ emrfoabmrsm;ç tm½Hkjym;vsufç ydkif;jcm;rjywfç igaumifrSwfay:vwftm&r®PCewnf;/5/ jzpfcdkufw&m;ç rydkif;jcm;íç av;yg;Ceç xifay:uç twåpGJvrf;onf/6/ jzpfcdkufw&m;ç ½Iydkif;jcm;íç av;yg;Ceç aMuysufrSç tewåÓPfjzpfonf/7/ ÓPfrSeftewåç jynfhpHkrSç t&d,r*fÓPfqdkufa&mufonf/8/ ynwftedpöç od½HkrQç tewåÓPfrydkif/9/ ynwf'ku©ç od½HkrQç tewåÓPfrydkif/10/ y&rwftedpöç odjrifrSç tewåÓPfydkifonf/11/ y&rwf'ku©ç odjrifrSç tewåÓPfydkifonf/12/ vu©PmppfwGifç wpfckç jrifç tukefyifodawmhonf/

    r*f0DxdpdwfjzpfpOfw&m;awmfaqmifyk'frsm;(0dok'¨dr*f 2-308)

    1/ 0dyóem½IqJ a,m*Dtm; t&d,r*f jzpfvdkvwfaomf xdktcdkufüxif½Sm;aom tm½Hkwpfckckudk ESvHk;oGif;vsuf raem'Gg&0ZÆef; pdwf a½S;OD;pGm jzpfay:vmonf/

    2/ xdkYaemufxdktm½Hkudkyif rNrJ[líaomfvnf;aumif;? qif;&J[líaomfvnf;aumif;? oabmw&m;rQ [líaomfvnfaumif;?odvsufy&duHç Oypmç tEkvHk[k ac:aom aZmpdwfoHk;BudrftpOftwdkif; jzpfay:Mu?

    3/ xdkYaemuf jzpfysufrI ocFg&tm;vHk; csKyfNidrf;&medAÁmefodkYusa&mufoGm;aom a*gMwblaZmpdwfjzpfay:onf/

    4/ xdkYaemuf xdkcsKyfNidrf;&medAÁmefüyif ouf0ifwnfaevsuf r*faZmwpfBudrfç zdkvfaZmESpfBudrfç tpOftwdkif; jzpfay:Mu onf/

    5/ xdkYaemuf awGYodNyD;umpjzpfaom r*fzdkvfedAÁmefwdkYudk jyefvSnfhíqifjcifvsuf raem'Gg&m0ZÆef;wpfBudrfç ypöa0u©aZm7-Budrf jzpfay:vQif b0ifpdwfrsm; jzpfay:oGm;onf/

    þonfum; t&d,r*f 0DxdpdwftpOf jzpfyHkaywnf;/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 22

    r*f0ifyHk Oyrm

    1/ ajrmif;ckefvdkNim;ç a,musfm;Zmenf?½SpfvSrf;ajy;oGm;ç [keftm;,lNyD/EG,fêud;udkifqGJç ckefvTJavonf?[dkbufusç vGwfcsMuHhMuHhwnf/

    r*f0ifyHk Oyar,s

    2/ b0[dkurf;ç arQmfwrf;a,m*D?jzpfysufÓPfrSç ajy;pûyonf/½kyfemrfudkifqGJç olvnf;ckefonf?edAÁmefawGç vGwfíajy;0ifonf/

    b 0 w e f z d k ; w & m ; a w m f a q m i f y k ' f

    jzpfysufESpfjzmç rjrifygbJç wpf&mtoufç ½Snfonfxufvnf;ç jzpfysufESpfwefç ½kyfESifhemrfudkç trSefjrifvsufç ÓPfpOfoufíç wpf&ufwmrQç ouf½Sif&aomf avmuvlY½Gmç aumif;jrwfomonfç jrwfpGmAk'̈rdefYcGef;wnf;/

    o H , k w f y g V d a w m f(1-3 0 ) t p ä & m o k w f

    1/ vrf;ajzmifhrnfwGifç xdkr*fyifç &yfcGifab;rJhedAÁmefyg/2/ vHkYvESpfvDç bD;wyfonfç rjrnf&xm;xdkr*fyg/3/ ½SufaMumufç ESpfwefç aemufrSDcHç um&eftrSwfowdyg4/ 0dyofa½SYoGm;ç r*fÓPfum;ç &xm;armif;olqdk&yg/5/ þvdk&xm;ç ½Sdolrsm; a,musfm;rdef;rvlwdkif;rSm/6/ r*¾if,mOfBuD;ç NidrfhNidrfhpD;ç tNyD;edAÁmefqdkufa&mufyg/

    "r®y'(348)*gxm

    1/ a½SUç aemufç tv,fç oHk;yg;0,fç NidwG,fpGefYvTwfvdkuf&rnf/2/ b0euf0Srf;ç wpfbufurf;ç wufvSrf;qdkufa&mufygvdrfhrnf/3/ tvHk;pHkrSmç pdwfvTwfcgç csrf;omNidrf;at;ygvdrfhrnf/4/ wpfzefjzpfjcif;ç tdkaojcif;ç tvQif;ra&mufuif;vdrfhrnf/

    (u) a½SUrSmvnf;vTwf&rnfç aemufrSmvnf;vTwf&rnf? tv,frSmvnf; vTwf&rnf/

    (c) okdYvTwfvQif b0wpfbufurf;odkY a&mufrnf? ae&mwdkif;rSmvnf; pdwfvGwfvyfrnf? jzpfjcif; tdkjcif;ç aojcif;odkYvnf; ra&mufbJ uif;rnf/

    o H , k w f E S i f h o k w å e d y g w r S t m V 0 u o k w f

    1/ aumif;jrwfvSpGmç vlYOpömç b,ft&mayenf;?aumif;jrwfvSpGmç vlYOpöm o'̈gw&m;wnf;/

    2/ aumif;aumif;avhvmç b,ft&mç csrf;om aqmifay;ygoenf;/aumif;aumif;avhvmç w&m;[mç csrf;om aqmifay;ygownf;/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 23

    3/ t&omxJrSmç aumif;vSpGmç b,ft&mayenf;/t&omxJrSmç aumif;vSpGmç opömpum;wnf;/

    4/ ouf½SifqJrSmç b,fvdk[mç vGefpGmaumif;oenf;/ynmjzifhomç ouf½Sifwmç vGefpGmaumif;ownf;/

    5/ MoCa&tvsifudk tb,fjzifh ul;ajrmufygoenf;/o'̈gw&m;jzifh ul;ajrmufygonf/

    6/ a&jyifus,fudk tb,fjzifhul;ajrmufygoenf;/rarhrIjzifh ul;ajrmifygonf/

    7/ qif;&Judk tb,fjzifh ausmfvGefygoenf;/0D&d,jzifh ausmfvGefonf/

    8/ tb,fjzifh vHk;0pifMu,fygoenf;/ynmjzifh vHk;0pifMu,fygonf/

    9/ b,fodkYynmç &Edkifygç Opömb,fodkY&oenf;/rarhajrmfjrifç ,HkMunfvQifç emcsifynm&ayonf/oifhwmûyuç ZGJvHkYvç x

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 24

    1/ olYvuf½Sd udk,fhvuf½Sdxuf aumif;w,fxifwmu tMwdpäm/2/ r½SdwJh*kPfeJY xifay:ausmfapmcsifwmu ygydpäm/3/ ½SdwJh*kPfudk azmfjycsifwm twdkif;xuf tvGefvdkcsifwmu r[dpäm/

    þtvdkoHk;yg;uif;vQif tvdkenf;aomtyÜdpäm yk*¾dKvfac:onf/

    1/ &&m Edkif&mç oifhawmf&mç oHk;jzma&mifh&Jonf/2/ t0wfç tpmç aq;ae&mç yGm;ygoHk;ckpD/3/ a&mifh&Jw&m;ç q,fhESpfyg;ç rSwfom;usifhvnf;usifh&rnf/

    1/ wpfudk,fwnf;aevQif um,0da0ujynfhpHkonf/2/ ormywf ½Spfyg;jzifhaevQif pdwå0da0u jynfhpHkonf/3/ t&d,r*fzdkvfjzifh edA¾mefudkawGYjrifvQif Oy"d0da0u jynfhpHkonf/

    0dZÆmoHk;yg; 0dZÆm½Spfyg;

    1/ oHk;yg;0dZÆmç yk 'd tmç ynmÓPfrsufpd/2/ ½Spfyg;qdkuç xnfhoGif;&ç 0d r ap £ 'd/

    azmfjycsuf/ / yk-ykaAÁ0goÓPf? 'd-'dAÁpu©KÓPf? tm-tmo0u©,ÓPf?0d-0dyóemÓPf? r-raemr,d'̈dÓPf? ap-apawmy&d,ÓPf?£-£'̈d0d"ÓPf? 'd-'dAÁaomwÓPf/

    r [ m o r , y G J a w m f ü r * f z d k v f & a M u m i f ; w & m ; t u s O f ; a q m i f y k ' f

    1/ &m*p&dwtwGuf or®my&dAÁmZeD,okwf (ck? 1-332) avmuDr*Fvmç wPSmoHk;oG,fç cspfrkef; y,fíç rSDwG,fuif;pif oHa,mZOfç vGwfvQifxGufEdkifonf/

    2/ a'gop&dwtwGuf uv[0d0g'okwf (ck? 1-413) emrfESifhç ½kyf-uç zóay:umç om,m pzG,fç rkef;zG,fxif½Sm;vdkvm; jyefvsufç cspfzG,fwGuf &efbufNiif;cHkonf/

    3/ arm[p&dwtwGuf r[mAsL[okwf (ck? 1-418) a½S;tmo0ç y,fcspGefYypfç topfrûyç vdkrI rvdkufodrf;ydkufrpGJç rvl;vJç vGwfNrJrSefayonf/

    4/ 0dwuúp&dwtwGuf plVAsL[okwf (ck? 1-415) udk,fht,lomç *kPfwifyguç nHh&musíç 'd|d jrifatmifç todaqmifç &efaqmifuif;awmhonf/

    5/ o'̈gp&dwtwGuf wk0¥uokwf (ck? 1-421) oDvta&;ç jzLpifawG;íç Nidrf;at;edAÁmefç&nfoefnGwfvwfç tNrJrSwfç usifhwwfap&rnf/

    6/ Ak'̈dp&dwtwGuf yk&mab'okwf (ck? 1-413) ½IrSwftpOfç vspfvsLxifíç oHk;tifrme y,fEdkifrS oEÅyk*¾dKvfrnf/

    (1321-ck? e,kefvjynfhrSma[monf/)

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 25

    ' d C e d u m , f r [ m 0 * ¾ p u ú 0 w å d o k w f

    1/ ½Spfaomif;tm,kç tpûyíç ygrkydum zbdZfAsmESifhç rdpämoHk;ig;ç t-ukyGm;íç avsmhyg;xuf0ufç 9-qifhysufonfç touf&mwrf;a&mufownf;/

    2/ q,fESpfwef;rSç wpfzefpíç ur®yxmç ukq,fjzmESifhç oHk;jzmig;rsdK;ç ukodkvfwdk;í xrf;ydk;jyef vsufç q,fhESpfqifhwufonfç touf½Spfaomif;a&mufvdrfhwnf;/

    3/ tukodkvfoHk;yg;[lonfrSm (1) t"r®&m*-vlYtusifhr[kwfaom wyfrufrI? (2) 0doravmb-rrQwaomtvdk? (3) rdpäm"r®-rlrrSefaom&m*wdkYyifjzpfonf/

    4/ tukodkvfig;yg;[lonfrSm (1) trdtay:üusifh0wfysufjcif;? (2) tbtay:ü usifh0wfysufjcif;? (3) &[ef;rsm;tay:ü usifh0wfysufjcif;? (4) olawmfaumif;rsm;tay:ü usifh0wfysufjcif;? (5) BuD;olwdkYtm;r½dkaojcif;wdkYyif jzpfonf/

    5/ ukodkvfoHk;jzm [lonfrSm t"r®&m*ponfudk y,fjcif;yifjzpfonf/

    6/ ukodkvfig;rsdK;[lonfrSm trdç tbç &[ef;ç olawmfwdkY tay:ü usifh0wfausjcif;ESifh BuD;ol wdkYtm; ½dkaojcif;yif jzpfonf/

    eD0&Pig;yg;w&m;awmf

    1/ ESpfoufvdkcsifç a

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 26

    'geuxm a'oem('D-X-2-62)

    csrf;omtaygif;ç &aMumif;rSefpGm?pnf;pdrfabm*ç jrpfr-wnf&m/atmufwef;rusç u,frolrSm?jrwf'geç pdwfcsudk;uG,f&m/£'H'geH emr okcgeH ed'geH? orÜwådeH rlvH?abm*geHywd|m? 0dor*wó wmPH/

    o D v u x m a ' o e m ( ¤ i f ; )

    oDv&eHYç arT;ysHUêudifpGm?oDvqifodkifç ½Iwdkif;vSyg/oDvapmifhjim;ç rvm;yg,f½Gm?jrwfoDvç pdwfcsudk;uG,f&m/

    r q k w f , k w f a M u m i f ; w & m ; 6 -yg;( t H 2 -274)

    udpörsm;ç pum;enf;ap?tdyfaerIenf;ç udk,fwnf;aysmfav/qHk;rvG,faMumif;ç rdwfaumif;½Sdap?rqkwfa&;ç tm;ay;*kPfajcmufaxG/

    t a o a u m i f a & ; w & m ;( t H 2 -260)

    udpörsm;ç pum;enf;ap?tdyfaerIenf;ç udkwnf;aysmfav/a&maESmrûyç csJYrIa½SmifaoG?taoaumif;zdkYç taMumif;*kPfajcmufaxG/

    M o u m o r l r S e f u e f a w m h c e f ;

    Moumoç Moumoç Moumoç? um,uHç 0pDuHç raemuH wnf;[laom? tjypfcyfodrf;? yaysmufNidrf;í?touf½SnfpGm? temrJha&;? &efab;uif;aMumif;? aumif;rIr*Fvm? jzpfygapjcif; tusdK;iSg? bk&m;&wem? w&m;&wem? oHCm&wem wnf;[laom &wemjrwfoHk;yg;? (q&morm;) wdkYudk? t½dktao? vuftkyfrdk;í ½Sdcdk;ylaZmf?zl;ajr§mfrmefavQmh? uefawmhyg\? (t½Sifbk&m;)/

    ( q k a y ; r n f y k * ¾ d K v f ½ S d v Q i f þ w G i f & y f y g )q k a y ; r n f h y k * ¾ d K v f r ½ S d v Q i f

    a t m u f y g q k a w m i f ; u d k q u f a w m i f ; y g /

    uefawmh&aom þaumif;rIuH apwemwdkYaMumifh tyg,f (4)yg;? uyf (3) yg;? &yfjypf (8) yg;? &efolrsdK; (5) yg;? 0dywådw&m; (4) yg;? Asoew&m; (5) yg;? temrsdK; (96) yg;? rdpäm'd|d (62) yg;wdkYrS? tcgcyfodrf;uif;vGwfNidrf;onfomjzpfí? r*fw&m;? zdkvfw&m;? edAÁmef w&m;awmfjrwfudk vsifjrefpGm &ygvdk\ (t½Sifbk&m;/)

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 27

    *kPfawmf 9-yg; bk&m;½Sdcdk;

    tpdaEÅ,s? tpdaEÅ,s? tyÜar,s/ tyÜar,s? rBuHq rEdIif;,SOfEdkifaumif;aom *kPfawmfaygif;teEÅESifhvHk;0OóHk jynfhpHkawmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    1/ (u) t&[H-vGefuJxl;jrwfaom oDv*kPfç orm"d*kPfç ynm*kPfç 0drkwåd*kPf? 0drkwådÓP'óe*kPfwdkYESifh jynfhpHkawmfrlaomaMumifh vlewfjA[®m owå0gtaygif;wdkY\ ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxdkufayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    (c) t&[H-0goemESifhwuG wpfaxmifhig;&mudavom tnpftaMu;wdkYrS uif;a0; pifMu,fawmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    (*) t&-[H avmb a'go arm[ tp½Sdaom udavom&efolwdkYudk y,fowfawmfrlNyD;aomjrwfpGmbk&m;/

    (C) t&-[H oHo&mpuf\ axmuf tuefYwdkYudk csdK;zsufawmfrlNyD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    (i) t-&[H rsufarSmuf rsufuG,f tcsif;cyfodrf; pifMu,fí qdwfuG,f&m r½SdawmfrlaomjrwfpGmbk&m;/

    2/ or®morÁKa'̈g-opöav;yg; cyfodrf;aom w&m;wdkYudk olwyg;txH enf;rcHbJ udk,fwdkifÓPft[kef tpGrf;jzifh pl;prf;½SmazGum rSefuefpGm odawmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    3/ 0dZÆmp&PorÜaEém--0dZÆmrnfaom ÓPfxl; 3-yg;ç ÓPfxl; 8-yg;ç p&Prnfaom tajccH tusifhw&m; 15-yg;wdkYESifh jynfhpHkawmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    4/ (u) ok*awm-owå0gwdkYtm; tusdK;rsm;aMumif; [kwfrSefaom pum;aumif;udkom >rufqdkawmfrl wwfayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    (c) ok*awm--r*¾if½Spfjzm wifhw,faom trlt&mjzifh aumif;pGmoGm;jcif;? aumif;pGmjzpfjcif;½Sdawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    5/ avmu0d'l-avmu\ taMumif;t&m tvHk;pHkudk tukeftpif odjrifawmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    6/ (u) tEkwåa&m-tjrifhtjrwfqHk; jzpfaom oDv*kPf orm"d*kPf ynm*kPf 0drkwåd*kPf 0drkwåd ÓP'óem*kPfwdkYESifh jynfhpHkawmfrlaomaMumifh avmu"mwftvHk;ü tjrifhtjrwfqHk;jzpfawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    (c) yk&do'r®om&xd--,Ofaus;vdr®m ynmtod r½SdMuao; rjynfh0ao;í qHk;ray;xdkufaomyk*¾dKvfwdkYtm; ,Ofaus;vdr®m ynmjynfh0 tcsdK;usatmif qHk;roGefoifawmf rlwwfayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    (*) tEkwåa&m yk&do 'r®om&xd-qHk;r xdkufaomyk*¾dKvfwdkYtm; nTefMum;oGefoif yJhjyifqHk;rrIü twkr½Sd tjrwfqHk; jzpfawmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    7/ ow¬ma'0 rEkóeH-csrf;om&aMumif; vrf;aumifnTefjy qHk;rawmfrlwwfí vlewfwdkY\ q&m jrwftppfjzpfawmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    8/ Aka'¨g--w&m;tvHk;pHkudk tukefodawmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 28

    9/ b*0g-bkef;awmfteEÅ uHawmfteEÅ ÓPfawmfteEÅ wefcdk;awmfteEÅwdkYESifh vHk;0OóHk jynfhpHk awmfrlayaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    t&[H-tp½Sdaom udk;yg;aom*kPfawmf q,fyg;aom*kPfawmf teEÅ*kPfawmf aus;Zl;awmf taygif;wdkYESifh jynfhpHkawmfrlaom oufawmfxif½Sm; oAÁñkjrwfpGmbk&m;udk bk&m;wynfhawmfonf ½dkaojrwfEdk; vuftkyfrdk;í ½Sdcdk;ylaZmf zl;ajrmfrmefavQmh uefawmhyg\ jrwfpGmbk&m;/

    OmPfpOf 16 yg;bk&m;½Sdcdk;

    1/ emr½lyy&dapä'HçwyÜpö, y&d*¾[H?wHor®oeH O',-AÁ,ÓPOö b*F*H/

    2/ b,ÓPH tm'De0-ÓPOöedAÁd'H tx?rkOödwkurswH y#d ocø ocFg½layu©uH/

    3/ tEkavmrOöa*gMwbHkç r*¾ÓPH zvHwxm?ypöa0u©Pm ÓPEÅdç wdavmurSDydauepd/

    4/ ta'oda, omoedauç ÓPdar aomVokwåa&?a'aowm&H y0wåm&Hç Ak'̈Hwd[m'&H ear/

    (1) emr½lyy&dapä'H-emrf½kyfw&m;wdkYudk ydkif;jcm;íodaom emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPf vnf;aumif;/

    (2) wyÜpö, y&d*¾[H-xdkemrf½kyfwdkY\ taMumif;w&m;udk ydkif;jcm;íodaom ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPfvnf;aumif;?

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    (7) tm'De0ÓPOö-emrf½kyf ocFg&wdkYü udk;uG,f&m rxifrjypfjrifaom tm'De0ÓPfvnf;aumif;?

    (8) edAÁd'H-emrf½kyfocFg&wdkYü raysmfrarGY NiD;aiGYaom edAÁd'gÓPfvnf;aumif;?

    tx-teufoabmwlaom a½SYÓPfoHk;ckrS wpfyg;teufoabmrwlaom aemufÓPfoHk;ckum;/

    (9) rkOödwkurswH-emrf½kyfocFg&wdkYrS tvGeftrif;vGwfuif;xGufajrmufvdkaom rkOödwkurswmÓPf vnf;aumif;/

    (10) y#docø-tvGeftrif;vGwfuif;xGufajrmufvdkvSojzifh xdkemrf½kyfESpfyg;udkyif tedpötp½Sdaomav;q,faom tjcif;t&mwdkYjzifh wGifwGiftm;xkwfí tedpö 'ku© tewå taetm;jzifhaumif;BuD; xifjrifaom y#docFgÓPfvnf;aumif;/

    (11) ocFg½kayu©uH-tedpö 'ku© tewå taetm;jzifh aumif;aumif;xifjrifí vGwfajrmuf&mvGwfajrmufaMumif;udk &ojzifh tvGefjyif;xefaom vHkYvudkvnf; rûy? xdkemrf½kyfocFg&wdkYü

  • ur®|mef;w&m;tm;xkwf&jcif;taMumif; 29

    aMumufvefYjcif; ESpfyg;udkvnf; y,fpGefYíod½Hkod½Hkom tnDtrQ½IaomocFg½kayu©mÓPfvnf;aumif;/

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    (13) a*gMwbHk-ykxkZOftEG,fudk jzwfí t&d,mtEG,fZmwfodkY a&mufapvsuf edAÁmefudk tm½Hkûyí r*f\ a½SUtzdkYü wpfBudrfrQomjzpfaom a*gMwbkÓPfvnf;aumif;/

    (14) r*¾ÓPH-edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufûyvsuf opömav;yg;udk wpfûydifeufodaom r*fÓPfvnf;aumif;/

    (15) zvH- r*fÓPfuJhuodkYyif edAÁmefudk tm½Hkûyvsuf jzpfaom zdkvfÓPfvnf;aumif;/

    (16) wxm-xdkrSwpfyg;? ypöa0u©PmÓPH-r*fzdkvfedAÁmefESifh y,fNyD;aom udavom ry,f&ao;aom udavomtm;jzifh þig;yg;aomw&m;tpkwdkYudk jyefvSefí qifjcifaom ypöa0u©Pm ÓPf vnf;aumif;/

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