Nobel Prize for Chemistry Award Recipient for the Year 1954 Nobel Prize for Peace Award Recipient...
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Nobel Prize for Chemistry Award Recipient for the Year 1954 Nobel Prize for Peace Award Recipient for the Year 1962 Presented by: Mr. Zakariya T. Muripaga
Nobel Prize for Chemistry Award Recipient for the Year 1954
Nobel Prize for Peace Award Recipient for the Year 1962 Presented
by: Mr. Zakariya T. Muripaga I - MS Chemistry MSU-Iligan Institute
of Technology
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Linus Carl Pauling is the first child of Herman Pauling (1876
1910) and Lucy Isabelle Darling (18811926). Born on February 28,
1901 in Portland, Oregon, USA to an impoverished family Of
German-Irish descent During his early childhood finished reading
the Holy Bible, Darwins Book of Evolution and an avid reader of
Encyclopaedia Britannica Showed superb academic excellence After
seeing a home experiment set by a friend and classmate Lloyd A.
Jeffress,he made up his mind to become a chemist in 1914
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I am the proud father of Linus Pauling Herman Henry William
Pauling Thank God, I am spared of reading those piles of
encyclopedia thing
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He collected insects and minerals and read omnivorously
Ironically, entered college (Oregon Agricultural College) without a
high school diploma Due to financial constraints was offered a
teaching post and he became a boy professor, being an instructor in
OAC in 1919, giving seminar to elder professors about the nature of
the chemical bond Strongly influenced by the work of G. N. Lewis
and I. Langmuir and thus sparked his "strong desire to understand
the physical and chemical properties of substances in relation to
the structure of the atoms and molecules of which they are
composed," which determined the course of his long life. Pauling
resumed his student status and graduated in 1922 with a B.Sc.
degree in Chemical Engineering
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Gilbert Newton Lewis Irving Langmuir
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Pauling came to the California Institute of Technology as a
graduate student in 1922 and remained there for more than forty
years. chose Caltech because he could obtain a doctorate there in
three years (Harvard required six) and because Arthur Amos Noyes--a
physical chemist- -offered him a modest stipend as part-time
instructor. Pauling's doctoral work was on the determination of
crystal structures by X-ray diffraction analysis under the
direction of Roscoe Gilkey Dickinson (1894-1945 graduated in 1925
for his PhD in Chemistry had published twelve papers, most on
inorganic crystal structures, including one with Peter Debye
(1884-1966) on dilute ionic solutions (Debye and Pauling, 1925) and
one with Richard Tolman (1881-1948) on the entropy of supercooled
liquids at 0 K (Pauling and Tolman, 1925).
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Graduated his B. Sc. Chemical Engineering degree, with
meritorious distinction, in 1922 in Oregon Agricultural College
(now Oregon State University, OSU) Graduated his Ph. D. in physical
chemistry and mathematical physics, summa cum laude, in 1925 in the
California Institute of Technology (Caltech). The Irony:
Technically graduated his High School in 1962, his school
Washington High School awarded him his high school diploma
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In April, 1926 he accompanied by his wife--Ava Helen Miller--
was sent off for a fellowship in the Institute of Theoretical
Physics in Munich, Germany. While in Europe he was among the first
to consider the practical applications of quantum mechanics to
molecular systems Came back to Caltech as assistant professor of
Theoretical Chemistry and later promoted to full professor
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Among the remarkable work of Pauling was his contributions to
the fields of Quantum chemistry, Biochemistry and most specifically
his ideas on the Nature of Chemical Bond. He made insights on many
a crucial concepts in chemistry, among them : Pauling's ionic radii
Pauling's rules of stereochemistry of minerals LCAO principle in
Quantum Chemistry Resonance (resonance structures) Paulings
electronegativity Related studies in molecular biology: protein
structure, DNA & RNA, hemoglobin, antibody-antigen interaction
et al Fierce Apostle of Vitamin C Panacea
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Want some citrus orange ? It is rich in Vitamin C which is
excellent for the body.
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Linus Carl Pauling is not only known for his scientific
achievements but also for his ideals of world peace. On August 1945
(during WWII), he made an active stance on his campaigns of nuclear
disarmament of USA fearing the implication of a cascading
atomic/nuclear threats. Actively participated in protests against
nuclear weapon s development Signed petitions and spoke eloquently
about the danger of the impending atomic weapons age Outwardly
warning people of nuclear fallout Because of the deeds, those were
enough to label Linus Carl Pauling as a security risk to the US and
was closely watched by the FBI and at times banned to travel out of
the US. His efforts paid later on as US and other countries agreed
to the worldwide Nuclear Disarmament.
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I like people. I like animals, toowhales and quail, dinosaurs
and dodos. But I like human beings especially, and I am unhappy
that the pool of human germ plasm, which determines the nature of
the human race, is deteriorating. Linus Pauling (1901 - 1994) U.S.
Scientist. Said on winning the Nobel Prize for Peace. Referring to
r adioactive fallout. from The New York Times
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Paulings comment on hydrogen bonding: Because of its small bond
energy and the small activation energy involved in its formation
and rupture, the hydrogen bond is especially suited to play a part
in reactions occurring at normal temperatures it will be found that
the significance of the hydrogen bond for physiology is greater
than that of any other single structural feature
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Paulings one true love and lifelong companion is Ava Helen
Miller Their love story started sometime when Linus was a professor
of chemistry in his final year in OAC as he was given opportunity
to teach, this time an introductory chemistry course for young
women students of home economics. This new teaching episode had
important consequences for his future. One of the students was Ava
Helen Miller, who became his wife in a marriage that lasted almost
sixty years. Pauling married Ava Helen Miller of Beaver Creek,
Oregon, in 1923. She is of English-Scottish and German descent.
They have four children, Linus (Carl) Jr. (1925), Peter Jeffress
(1931), Linda Helen (1932) and Edward Crellin (1937), and thirteen
grandchildren.
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Linus Carl Pauling and Ava Helen Miller through thick and thin
(The photo above shows the couple inspecting the Nobel Prize Award
of Linus Pauling; the left photo is taken sometime after Pauling
graduated his PhD)
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Pauling lived a long and productive life As scientist,
influenced several generations of chemists and biologists until the
present As political activist, challenged the political and
military establishment of the US and helped to change them As
health crusader persuaded millions of people to take supplemental
vitamins His lectures were spellbinding, and he had a
characteristically simple and direct literary style Pauling was
certainly aware of his own intellectual superiority, but he could
be patient in dealing with the slowness of the slow witted I
believe he was basically rather shy He was a formidable thinker,
both at the problem-solving level and about fundamentals and he had
a remarkable capacity to visualize complex three-dimensional
structures
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In addition to his Nobel Prizes Pauling was awarded dozens of
honors and distinctions, including honorary doctorates from Oregon
State College, Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, Reed College, and
the Universities of Chicago, Princeton, Yale, Cambridge, London,
Oxford, Paris, Toulouse, Montepellier, Lyon, Lige, Humboldt
(Berlin), Melbourne, York (Toronto), New Brunswick, and Warsaw. His
election to membership in the National Academy of Sciences, Royal
Society of London, Acadmie Franaise des Sciences, and Akademiya
Nauk SSR may be specially mentioned. He published a heave of
articles and books, scientific and literary alike. He certainly did
become not merely as bread winner to his family but a responsible
father (to four children), caring son and a brother; and a loyal
friend. His name will always be remembered.
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Nobel Prize for Chemistry Award Recipient for the Year 1954 The
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1954 was awarded to Linus Pauling: " for
his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its
application to the elucidation of the structure of complex
substances ". Nobel Prize for Peace Award Recipient for the Year
1962
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Science is the Search for Truth. Linus Carl Pauling
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As cited in the websites: en.wikipedia.org
www.chemicalheritagefoundation.com www.nobelprize.org
www.linuspaulingbiography.com Dunitz, Jack D. (November 1996).
"Linus Carl Pauling, February 28, 1901August 19, 1994" ( Scholar
search). Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 42:
316338. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1996.0020. Goertzel, Ted; Ben Goertzel
(1995). Linus Pauling: A Life in Science and Politics. Basic Books.
ISBN 0465006728. Hager, Thomas (1995). Force of Nature: The Life of
Linus Pauling. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0684809095. Hager, Thomas
(1998). Linus Pauling and the Chemistry of Life. Oxford University
Press. ISBN 0195139720. Marinacci, Barbara; Ramesh Krishnamurthy
(1998). Linus Pauling on Peace. Rising Star Press. ISBN 0933670036.
Mead, Clifford; Thomas Hager (eds.) (2001). Linus Pauling:
Scientist and Peacemaker. Oregon State University Press. ISBN
0870714899. Serafini, Anthony (1989). Linus Pauling: A Man and His
Science. Paragon House. ISBN 155778440X.