eISSN: 2249 - 8621

Journal of Energy, Environment

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Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits

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(ISSN: 2249-8621)

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Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance

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Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India

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Alternative Energy Technology Laboratory,

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Swaminathan GSDivisional Manager, QHSE Brakes India

Limited, Foundry Sholinghur-631102 Vellore , India.

Adel MellitJijel University, Algeria.

Professor Nour T Abdel-Ghani Chemistry Department, Faculty of

Science, Cairo University,Giza, Egypt.

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Editor Journal of Environmental Quality Research

and Development Dept. Metropolitan Water

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Ukraine.

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Nacional Autónoma de México.

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Rakesh Bhutiani Gurukula Kangri University, India.

Dr. Abhijit MitraDepartment of Marine Science

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Development AlternativesNellore Andhra Pradesh

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Jawaharlal Nehru University, New DelhiIndia.

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 4 Issue (1)] of Journal of

Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits (JoEECC). The intension of JoEECC is to create an

atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Energy, Environment &

Carbon Credits.

The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by

eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. JoEECC provides an outlet for Research findings

and reviews in areas Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits found to be relevant for National and

International recent developments & research initiative.

The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for

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research in the domain of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits.

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I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra

Director

STM Journals

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

1. Environmental Awareness among the Madrasa Students of Tangail, Bangladesh Md. Azharul Haque Chowdhury, Shamim Al Mamun 1

2. Loss of Carbon Credit through Radical Change in Land Use Pattern

Abhijit Mitra, Tanmay Ray Chaudhuri, Ankita Mitra, Sufia Zaman 9

3. Methodology for Estimation of Direct and Indirect Carbon Footprint of Cement IndustryHimani Maheshwari, Kamal Jain, Ajay Gairola 13

4. Techno-economical Analysis of Biodiesel Production using Castor Oil: An Indian ApproachNimish Newatia, Anil Chawla, Satyam Prasad, Himanshu H. Choksi 22

ContentsJournal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits

JoEECC (2014© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits ISSN: 2249-8621

Volume 4, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Environmental Awareness among the Madrasa Students

of Tangail, Bangladesh

Md. Azharul Haque Chowdhury*, Shamim Al Mamun Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and

Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh

Abstract The purpose of the study was to know the environmental awareness of Madrasa

students in Tangail District during January to June 2013. Three hundred and eighty six students were selected through the purposive sampling technique from nine Madrasa of

Tangail District, Bangladesh. The selected students were male and all of them were

Muslims. The students were asked questions to evaluate their knowledge regarding environmental issues, their activities with the environment, their opinion to solve the

different environmental problems etc. The findings revealed that, majority of the

students have general concept about environment (81.9%), pollution (85.8%), green house effects (88.3%), climate change (72.0%), global warming (64.2%), effects of

pollution (43.8%) and waste management (81.6%) which are very good. The respondents who read daily newspaper (74.5%) know about global warming. The

respondents within 10–19 years (81.93%) properly manage their wastes (used paper

and wastes). They have average idea about pollution, impact of environmental pollution, green house gases, global warming and climate change. Marital status,

monthly income, contribution in the family income, study group and family member had no effects on environmental awareness.

Keywords: Madrasa students, Green house gases, Global warming, Climate change

JoEECC (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits ISSN: 2249-8621

Volume 4, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Loss of Carbon Credit through Radical Change

in Land Use Pattern

Abhijit Mitra1*, Tanmay Ray Chaudhuri

2, Ankita Mitra

3, Sufia Zaman

1

1Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35, B. C. Road, Kolkata, India

2Department of Forest and Environmental Science, Techno India University,

Salt Lake Campus, Kolkata, India 3Department of Environmental Science, Asutosh College, Kolkata, India

Abstract Coastal vegetations comprise the blue carbon community of the planet Earth. The

community is known for its carbon sequestering potential since long evolutionary

period of time. However, rapid industrialization and urbanization have changed the landscape and land use pattern in the coastal zone that has significantly hampered the

carbon storage potential of coastal producer community. It is thus a challenge of the

era to restore the situation, and earn carbon credit with the primary aim to stabilize the green house gas reservoir in the atmosphere. The present article is an approach

towards this direction supported with few case studies and information.

Keywords: Blue carbon, Carbon sequestration, Carbon credit, Land use change

JoEECC (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits

ISSN: 2249-8621

Volume 4, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Methodology for Estimation of Direct and Indirect Carbon

Footprint of Cement Industry

Himani Maheshwari1*, Kamal Jain

2, Ajay Gairola

1

1Centre of Excellence in Disaster Mitigation & Management, Indian Institute of Technology

Roorkee, India 2Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India

Abstract The present study describes the methodology to estimate direct and indirect carbon

footprint of cement industry using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Major construction element

produced in almost all countries is cement and cement manufacturing process is an energy and carbon intensive process. Cement industry contributes about five percent of

global anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Upto till date, indirect carbon footprint

and fewer direct carbon footprint of cement industry is not yet done. Our study covers older methods along with which carbon footprint of cement industry are not done by

anyone. Major input includes emission factor, energy, clinker data and methodology

references from IPCC. Our approach for estimation produce better results with limitation of ignoring minor parameters like fuel used to transport the fuels etc. Carbon footprint is

the sum of direct carbon footprint and indirect carbon footprint where indirect carbon footprint was not included in previous studies.

Keywords: DCF, IDCF, cement, GHG, IPCC Guidelines

*Author for Correspondence E-mail: maheshwari.himani1@gmail.com

JoEECC (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits

ISSN: 2249-8621

Volume 4, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Techno-economical Analysis of Biodiesel Production using

Castor Oil: An Indian Approach

Nimish Newatia1, Anil Chawla

1, Satyam Prasad

1, Himanshu H. Choksi

2*

1Student, School of Petroleum Technology, PDPU, Gandhinagar, India

2Faculty, School of Technology, PDPU, Gandhinagar, India

Abstract Biodiesel is an alternative biodegradable and nontoxic fuel, which is essentially free of sulphur and aromatics. It is usually produced by a trans-esterification reaction of

vegetable or waste oil with a low molecular weight alcohol, such as ethanol and

methanol. Industrially, the most common method for biodiesel production is a basic homogeneous reaction. Hence, this work presents the trans-esterification of castor oil

with methanol in the presence of sodium-methoxide as catalyst. This paper represents the

method of producing bio-diesel using castor oil and opportunity for India to become world leader in bio-diesel production using it. This paper will also try analyses various

production available for preparation of bio-diesel and it also compares the test results produced from the various catalysts and the methods used for the production of bio-

diesel from various sources, various catalysts and the methods available for the

production of the bio-diesel. It also discusses the drawbacks available in the current processes available, and provides the technological solutions available for the same. As

India is world’s largest producer of Castor oil. It also analysis the FFA levels of castor

oil, and the reason why it could help India and provide opportunity to grow as a big bio-diesel market by analyzing the economic aspect of production of bio-diesel using the

castor oil in commercial scale in India.

Keywords: Bio-Diesel, Homogeneous Catalyst, Castor Oil, India, Techno-

Economical

*Author for Correspondence E-mail: himanshu.C@sot.pdpu.ac.in