DATA REQUIREMENT FOR ECLIPSE INPUT FILE.pdf

1 ECLIPSE INPUT FILE OVERVIEW | NAJMUDEEN SIBAWEIHI

DATA REQUIREMENT FOR ECLIPSE INPUT FILE

This description is tailored towards building input file for senior design or 402 term

project Blackoil simulation case. The Cartesian coordinate system.

Section

Name

Description

REQUIRED RUNSPEC Title, problem dimensions, switches, phases present,

components etc

REQUIRED GRID Specification of geometry of computational grid (location

of grid block corners), and of rock properties (porosity,

absolute permeability, etc.) in each grid block.

OPTIONAL EDIT Modifications to calculated pore volumes, grid block

center depths and transmissibilities.

REQUIRED PROPS Tables of properties of reservoir rock and fluids as

functions of fluid pressures, saturations and compositions

(density, viscosity, relative

permeability, capillary pressure, etc.

OPTIONAL REGIONS Splits computational grid into regions for calculation of;

• PVT properties (Fluid densities and viscosities)

• Saturation properties (Relative permeabilities and

capillary pressures)

• Initial conditions (Equilibrium pressures and

saturations)

• Fluids in place (Fluid in place and inter-region flows)

If this section is omitted, all grid blocks are put in region

1

REQUIRED SOLUTION Specification of initial conditions in reservoir - may be:

• Calculated using specified fluid contact depths to give

potential

equilibrium

• Read from a restart file set up by an earlier run

• Specified by the user for every grid block

(Not recommended for general use)

OPTIONAL SUMMARY Specification of data to be written to the Summary file

after each time step. Necessary if certain types of

graphical output (for example water-cut as a function of

time) are to be generated after the run has finished. If this

section is omitted no Summary files are created.

REQUIRED SCHEDULE Specifies the operations to be simulated (production and

injection controls and constraints) and the times at which

output reports are required. Vertical flow performance

curves and simulator tuning

parameters may also be specified in the SCHEDULE

section


RUNSPEC SECTION (REQUIRED)

MINIMUM REQUIRED DATA

Project title (TITLE).

o EX “History Matching’’.

Dimensions of the reservoir (DIMENS).

o This is the discretization of the reservoir in the x, y, z coordinates or the

number of gridblocks divisions in the x, y, and z coordinates.

o If for example we have a field of dimensions 15000ft x 15000ft x 150ft

and we want to discretize into 10000 gridblocks. We can specify the

dimension as “50 50 4” i.e. 50 divisions in x-direction and y-direction

and 4 divisions in z-direction.

Phases present in the simulation model (OIL, WATER, GAS, VAPOIL, and

DISGAS).

Unit of the simulation model (FIELD, METRIC and LAB).

The date when the production from the field started (START).

The dimension of the well and groups to be used in the run (WELLDIMS).

o This is used for defining the maximum number of wells, maximum

number of connections per well, maximum number of wells per group

etc. in the simulation model.

EXTRA DATA DEPENDING ON YOUR OBJECTIVE

Dimensions of the table (TABDIMS).

o This defines maximum number of nodes in the saturation, PVT and

fluid-in place regions used in the simulation run or the maximum

number of rows for each table.

Dimensions for aquifer (AQUDIMS)

Regions dimension data (REGDIMS)

o This defines the maximum number of fluid in place regions, the number

of sets of fluid-in-place regions etc.


GRID SECTION (REQUIRED)

This section is for defining the geological model.


Porosity for each gridblocks (PORO).

o A constant porosity can be defined for whole reservoir or each layer (z-

divisions) of the simulation model.

Permeability for each gridblock in x, y, and z direction (PERMX, PERMY and

PERMZ).

Discretization of the reservoir in x, y, and z direction (DX, DY and DZ).

Depth of top face of each gridblock (TOPS).

EXTRA DATA DEPENDING ON YOUR OBJECTIVE

KEYWORD DESCRIPTION

ADD Adds specified constants to specified arrays in the current input box.

BOX Redefines the current input box.

COPY Copies data in the current box from one specified array to another.

ENDBOX Redefines the current input box to encompass the whole grid.

EQUALS Sets specified arrays to specified constants within the current box.

MULTIPLY Multiply specified arrays by specified constants within the current box.

NOGGF Specifies that no Grid Geometry file is to be produced (for graphical

output).

ACTNUM Identifies active grid blocks.

INIT Request initial model before start of simulation

RPTGRID Output the input and calculated data under this section

NTG Net to gross ratio

EDIT SECTION (OPTIONAL)

The EDIT section contains instructions for modifying the pore volumes, block center

depths, transmissibilities, and non-neighbor connections (NNCs) computed by the

program from the data entered in the GRID section. This section is optional. For this

course, we will not be covering it.


PROPS SECTION (REQUIRED)

This section is for defining the rock-fluid properties of the simulation model.


PVT for dead oil (i.e. Pressure, formation volume factor, viscosity and

viscosibility) of oil (PVCDO or PVDO).

PVT for live oil (i.e. Pressure, formation volume factor, viscosity and

viscosibility) of oil (PVCO and PMAX or PVTO).

PVT for water (i.e. Pressure, formation volume factor, viscosity and

viscosibility) of oil (PVTW).

Oil-water relative permeability table with oil-water capillary pressure

(SWOF).

o This is in table format. The order of the columns is water saturation,

relative permeability of water, relative permeability of oil when water

is present and corresponding water-oil capillary pressure.

o The water saturation is in ascending order with corresponding relative

permeability of oil when water is present and water-oil capillary

pressure.

There is a choice of two families of keywords for entering relative

permeabilities and capillary pressures as functions of saturation. The first

family: SWOF and (SGOF or SLGOF), allows you to enter the oil relative

permeabilities in the same tables as the water and gas relative permeabilities.

The second family: SWFN, SGFN and (SOF3, SOF32D or SOF2), requires the oil

relative permeabilities to be entered in a separate table versus oil saturation.

KEYWORD DESCRIPTION

SWOF If both water and oil are present

SGOF or SLGOF If both gas and oil are present

SOF3 or SOF32D For oil in a 3-phase run

SOF2 For oil, if present, in a 2-phase run

SGFN For gas, if present

SWFN For water, if present

SGWFN For gas-water runs only


Rock compressibility and reference pressure of compressibility (ROCK).

o Written in single row format with reference pressure first then

compressibility.

Density of oil, water and gas (DENSITY).

o Written in single row format with density of oil first then water and gas

density.

PROPS KEYWORDS TO BE USED WITH THE DIFFERENT PHASE

COMBINATIONS IN A BLACK OIL RUN

Phase combinations Keywords

Oil and

Dissolved

Gas

Wet Gas and

Vaporized

Oil

Water either : PVCO,PMAX,PVTG,PVTW

or : PVTO, PVTG,PVTW

either : SGOF or SLGOF, SWOF

or : SOF3 or SOF32D, SGFN,

SWFN

Oil and

Dissolved

Gas

Dry Gas Water either : PVCO,PMAX,PVDG,PVTW

or : PVTO, PVDG,PVTW

either : SGOF or SLGOF, SWOF

or : SOF3 or SOF32D, SGFN,

SWFN

Oil and

Dissolved

Gas

Wet Gas and

Vaporized

Oil

either : PVCO,PMAX,PVTG

or : PVTO, PVTG

either : SGOF or SLGOF

or : SOF2, SGFN

Undersaturated Oil and

Constant Dissolved Gas

Water either : PVDO, RSCONST(T), PVTW

or : PVCDO, RSCONST(T), PVTW

either : SWOF

or : SOF2, SWFN

Dry Gas PVDG or PVZG

Dry Gas and Constant

Vaporized Oil

Water RVCONST(T), PVDG, PVTW

either : SGFN, SWFN

or : SGWFN


REGIONS SECTION (OPTIONAL)

The REGIONS section divides the computational grid into regions for:

Calculation of saturation functions (relative permeability and capillary

pressure)

Calculation of PVT properties (fluid densities, FVFs, viscosities)

Equilibration (setting initial pressures and saturations)

Reporting of fluids in place and inter-region flows

Calculation of directional relative permeabilities

Calculation of saturation functions for imbibition (Hysteresis option)

Calculation of ROCKTAB properties for the Rock Compaction option

Calculation of initial tracer concentrations (Tracer Tracking option)

Calculation of the saturation table end points from depth tables (for the

saturation table End Point Scaling option)

Calculation of mixture properties (Miscible Flood option)

KEYWORDS

Keywords Descriptions

RPTREGS Report levels for REGIONS data.

FIPNUM Fluid-in-Place regions.

SATNUM Saturation table regions.

EQLNUM Equilibration regions.

PVTNUM PVT data regions.


SOLUTION SECTION (REQUIRED)

The SOLUTION section contains sufficient data to define the initial state (pressure,

saturations) of every grid block in the reservoir.

EQUILIBRATION KEYWORDS

Restriction Keyword Description

Required for equilibration. EQUIL Fluid contact depths and other

equilibration parameters.

Optional for equilibration in live

oil systems.

RSVD Variation of solution GOR with depth.

Optional for equilibration in live

oil systems.

PBVD Variation of bubble point pressure

with depth.

Optional for equilibration in wet

gas systems.

RVVD Variation of vapor OGR with depth.

Optional for equilibration in wet

gas systems.

PDVD Variation of dew point pressure with

depth.

ENUMERATION KEYWORDS

Restriction Keyword Description

Either RS or PBUB required for

enumeration in live oil systems.

PBUB Bubble point pressures in

every grid block.

Either RV or PDEW required for

enumeration in wet gas systems.

PDEW Dew point pressures in

every grid block.

Either PRESSURE or PRVD is required for

enumeration.

PRESSURE Pressures in every grid-

block

Either RS or PBUB required for

enumeration in live oil systems.

RS Solution gas-oil ratios in

every grid block.

Either RV or PDEW required for

enumeration in wet gas systems.

RV Vapor oil-gas ratios in every

grid block.

Required for enumeration in two/three-

phase systems with gas.

SGAS Gas saturation in every grid-

block.

Required for enumeration in two/three-

phase systems with water

SWAT Water saturation in every

grid-block


SUMMARY SECTION (OPTIONAL)

The SUMMARY section specifies a number of variables that are to be written to

Summary files after each timestep of the simulation. The graphics post-processor

may be used to display the variation of variables in the Summary files with time and

with each other. If there is no SUMMARY section, ECLIPSE does not create any

Summary files.

SCHEDULE SECTION (REQUIRED)

The SCHEDULE section specifies the operations to be simulated (production and

injection controls and constraints) and the times at which output reports are

required. Vertical flow performance curves and simulator tuning parameters may

also be specified in the SCHEDULE section.


To define a well and its connection properties and controls, the following keywords

should be used:

1. WELSPECS (to introduce the well). Having created a well specification you

can now set its completion and control data.

2. COMPDAT (to specify its completion data)

3. You can specify well controls using the following keywords:

WCONPROD (production controls, if the well is a producer) or

WCONINJE (injection controls, if the well is an injector) or

WCONHIST (measured flows and pressures, if it is a history matching

producer) or

WCONINJH (measured flow and pressures, if it is a history matching

injector) or

WCONINJP (control of a pattern flood injector)


TIME, TSTEP or DATES keyword advances the simulation to a specified

time or dates.

WEFAC Sets well efficiency factors, to take account of downtime when

wells are taken down individually on a regular basis.

WELOPEN Opens or closes wells or connections.

WLIST Constructs well lists for use with other well keywords.

WLISTARG Resets individual operating targets or limits for a list of wells,

constructed with the WLIST keyword.

WECON Economic operating limits on well rates and production ratios.

CECON Economic operating limits on individual well connections.

WCUTBACK Instructions to cut back well rates to limit coning.

WLIMTOL Tolerance fraction for economic limits. If the limit is broken by

more than the specified tolerance, the timestep will be repeated after the

remedial action has been taken.

WORKTHP Instructions to perform a workover if the well is unable to

produce at its THP limit.

TUNING Timestep and convergence controls.

RPTSCHED Report switches to select which simulation results are to be

printed at report times.

RPTRST Controls data written to the Restart file.

END Terminates the simulation.

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DATA REQUIREMENT FOR ECLIPSE INPUT FILE.pdf