COUNTRY CROATIA PROFILE - Nacionalno vijeće za konkurentnostkonkurentnost.hr/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Profil-svjetske... · 1 BASIC FACTS Capital Land area (square km '000) 57

IMD WORLDCOMPETITIVENESSCENTER

COUNTRYPROFILE CROATIA

1

BASIC FACTS

Capital

Land area (square km '000) 572018

Exchange Rate (per $) 6.2792018

Population - market size (millions) 4.092018

54

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions) 60.82018

55

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$) 26,2642018

46

Real GDP growth (%) 2.62018

35

Consumer price inflation (%) 1.502018

18

Unemployment rate (%) 8.582018

51

Labor force (millions) 1.812018

54

Current account balance (% of GDP) 2.422018

24

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn) 33.42017

55

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP) 2.112018

33

PEER GROUPS RANKINGSEUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries) POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (34 countries)

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL

CROATIAOVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries) Rank

Zagreb

CHALLENGES IN 2019Reform of public administration and local administrative units.

Developing an adequate education system.

National Competitiveness Council

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

58 58 5961 60

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

57

23

43

55

36

46

55 5560

43

5763 61 63 63

57 57 55

3742

Dom

estic

Eco

nom

y

Inte

rnat

iona

l Tra

de

Inte

rnat

iona

l Inv

estm

ent

Empl

oym

ent

Pric

es

Publ

ic F

inan

ce

Tax

Pol

icy

Inst

itutio

nal F

ram

ewor

k

Busi

ness

Leg

isla

tion

Soci

etal

Fra

mew

ork

Prod

uctiv

ity &

Effi

cien

cy

Labo

r M

arke

t

Fina

nce

Man

agem

ent

Prac

tices

Att

itude

s an

d V

alue

s

Basi

c In

fras

truc

ture

Tec

hnol

ogic

al In

fras

truc

ture

Scie

ntifi

c In

fras

truc

ture

Hea

lth a

nd E

nvir

onm

ent

Educ

atio

n

Economic Performance Government Efficiency Business Efficiency Infrastructure

37 3739 40 40

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

3332

33 33 33

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

• Reform of public administration and local administrative units.• Developing an adequate education system.• More efficient cooperation between the business and research

sectors (better transfer of R&D funds).• Reduce the share of the public sector in the overall economy.• Judicial reform.

Provided by:National Competitiveness Council

2

IMPROVEMENTSWCY 2018

WCY 2019 DECLINES

WCY 2018

2.1.09 Public finances 2.85 4.12 2.1.02 Government budget surplus/deficit (%) 0.08

2.3.12 Bureaucracy 0.91 1.24 2.4.14 Start-up days 7.0

4.5.15 University education 3.19 4.32 1.2.02 Current account balance 4.34

4.3.20 Scientific research legislation 2.84 3.77 2.3.08 Exchange rate stability 0.043

1.4.08 Long-term unemployment 4.60 3.40 1.5.01 Consumer price inflation 1.10

4.1.07 Population - growth -1.15 -0.85 4.2.16 High-tech exports (%) 11.62

4.3.10 Researchers in R&D per capita 1.4 1.8 3.2.21 Brain drain 2.43

1.4.07 Unemployment rate 11.20 8.58 1.1.18 Gross fixed capital formation - real growth 5.49

3.4.04 Credibility of managers 2.96 3.62 2.5.02 Homicide 0.9

3.3.19 Corporate debt 3.12 3.80 1.5.06 Gasoline prices 1.35

2.2.12 Real personal taxes 2.24 2.70 3.1.10 Use of digital tools and technologies 5.13

3.3.16 Credit 4.38 5.28 4.2.13 Development and application of technology 4.12

2.3.11 Transparency 2.24 2.68 1.5.02 Cost-of-living index 61.80

2.3.02 Cost of capital 3.03 3.62 1.1.15 Real GDP growth per capita 3.97

3.4.07 Use of big data and analytics 2.97 3.54 3.2.01 Compensation levels 6.28

COMPETITIVENESS EVOLUTION & ATTRACTIVENESS INDICATORS

CROATIACOMPETITIVENESS EVOLUTION

-0.50

1.50

7.45

1.74

4.10

1.0

1.58

3.51

The criteria below highlight the 15 biggest Improvements and the 15 biggest Declines in the overall performance of the economy. They are

determined by the largest percentage changes in the value of each criterion from one yearbook to the next.

WCY 2019

7.01

KEY ATTRACTIVENESS INDICATORS

From a list of 15 indicators, respondents of the Executive Opinion Survey were asked to select 5 that they perceived as the key

attractiveness factors of their economy. The chart shows the percentage of responses per indicator from the highest number of responses

to the lowest.

22.5

2.42

0.060

4.32

3.50

69.70

1.5%1.5%1.5%6.1%7.6%18.2%19.7%19.7%24.2%39.4%40.9%50.0%54.5%75.8%81.8%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Effective legal environmentCompetency of government

Competitive tax regimePolicy stability & predictabilityBusiness-friendly environment

Quality of corporate governanceStrong R&D culture

Effective labor relationsDynamism of the economyOpen and positive attitudes

Cost competitivenessAccess to financing

High educational levelReliable infrastructure

Skilled workforce

3

Sub-Factor Rankings : 2018

Domestic Economy 60 International Trade 16 International Investment 55 Employment 58 Prices 11


Public Finance 46 Tax Policy 57 Institutional Framework 56 Business Legislation 59 Societal Framework 40


Productivity & Efficiency 54 Labor Market 63 Finance 60 Management Practices 63 Attitudes and Values 63


Basic Infrastructure 57 Technological Infrastructure 53 Scientific Infrastructure 57 Health and Environment 37 Education 40

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - FACTOR BREAKDOWN

CROATIA

ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

2019

57 23

57 57 55 37 42

36

2019

46 55 55 60 43

2019

55

57 63 61 63 63

BUSINESS EFFICIENCY

GOVERNMENT EFFICIENCY

43

INFRASTRUCTURE

2019

5756

5756

55

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

56 56 57 5658

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

61 6163

6263

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

43 4346 46

49

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

4

Rank1

1

6

7

12

15

18

18

20

23

Rank10

14

16

17

26

26

35

50

Rank13

20

27

27

Rank4

4

5

6

16

22

25

25

28

29

1.1.15 Real GDP growth per capita 1.4.02 Employment (%) 52

2.2.08 Corporate tax rate on profit 2.4.18 Immigration laws 63

1.5.04 Office rent 1.4.09 Youth unemployment 55

1.5.02 Cost-of-living index 1.3.03 Direct investment stocks abroad ($bn) 54

1.2.25 Tourism receipts 1.1.19 Resilience of the economy 61

1.2.13 Exports of commercial services (%) 1.3.07 Direct investment stocks inward ($bn) 55

4.5.01 Total public expenditure on education 4.1.05 Management of cities 58

CROATIASTRENGTHS WEAKNESSES

Infrastructure Infrastructure Rank

3.5.04 Flexibility and adaptability 62

2.4.06 Investment incentives 59

Business Efficiency Business Efficiency Rank

BALANCE SHEET - FACTOR BREAKDOWN

1.2.23 Trade to GDP ratio 1.4.08 Long-term unemployment 48

Government Efficiency Government Efficiency Rank

3.2.04 Remuneration of management 3.4.05 Corporate boards 63

4.4.09 Medical assistance 4.3.20 Scientific research legislation 59

4.2.02 Mobile Broadband subscribers 4.2.11 Qualified engineers 60

4.2.03 Mobile Telephone costs 4.3.21 Intellectual property rights 60

4.4.18 Renewable energies (%) 4.3.22 Knowledge transfer 61

4.5.03 Gov. expenditure on education per student 4.5.16 Management education 60

4.5.09 Women with degrees 4.4.25 Sustainable development 62

4.5.06 Pupil-teacher ratio (secondary education) 4.2.12 Public-private partnerships 61

4.2.01 Investment in Telecommunications 4.2.13 Development and application of technology 62

4.5.05 Pupil-teacher ratio (primary education) 4.1.07 Population - growth 62

3.5.06 Digital transformation in companies 63

3.1.10 Use of digital tools and technologies 63

3.5.03 National culture 63

3.2.10 Employee training 63

3.2.16 Female labor force 3.2.20 Attracting and retaining talents 63

3.4.06 Auditing and accounting practices 63

3.2.03 Remuneration in services professions 3.4.08 Customer satisfaction 63

3.2.01 Compensation levels 3.4.04 Credibility of managers 63

2.4.17 Unemployment legislation 59

2.5.14 Disposable Income 2.2.10 Employee's social security contribution rate 59

2.3.08 Exchange rate stability 2.2.12 Real personal taxes 59

2.5.02 Homicide 2.1.11 Pension funding 60

2.1.02 Government budget surplus/deficit (%) 2.3.12 Bureaucracy 60

1.3.08 Direct investment stocks inward (% of GDP) 1.3.05 Direct investment flows inward ($bn) 51

1.5.05 Food costs 54

1.5.01 Consumer price inflation 1.4.07 Unemployment rate 51

1.2.18 Export concentration by product 1.2.08 Exports of goods ($bn) 56

1.3.13 Relocation threats of business

2.4.01 Tariff barriers 2.3.09 Legal and regulatory framework 62

2.3.07 Foreign currency reserves per capita 2.4.09 State ownership of enterprises 61

2.5.06 Gini coefficient 2.3.10 Adaptability of government policy 61

Economic Performance Economic Performance Rank

5

Value Average Rank Year

6.279 74.055 2018

60.8 1,264.8 55 2018

107.4 1,903.1 54 2018

0.07 1.49 55 2018

35.0 697.9 54 2018

57.5 55.2 29 2018

12.0 202.1 52 2018

19.7 16.7 15 2018

13.0 313.1 53 2018

21.4 22.6 38 2018

13.8 343.8 55 2018

22.8 28.2 43 2018

2018

3.6 3.7 2018

25.8 29.5 2018

70.7 66.8 2018

0.62 0.83 36 2017

2.6 2.7 35 2018

3.51 1.92 18 2018

3.51 2.84 25 2018

2.87 2.23 26 2018

4.10 3.83 25 2018

2.93 5.52 61 2019

14,869 30,983 42 2018

26,264 39,972 46 2018

2.7 2.6 26 2019

1.1 · Domestic Economy1.1.00 · Exchange Rate

National currency per US$ (average)

1.1.02 · GDP (PPP)Estimates ; US$ billions at purchasing power parity

1.1.04 · Household consumption expenditure ($bn)US$ billions

1.1.06 · Government consumption expenditure ($bn)US$ billions

1.1.09 · Gross fixed capital formation (%)Percentage of GDP

EXTENDED COUNTRY PROFILE

CROATIA1 · Economic Performance

Percentage of GDP

1.1.08 · Gross fixed capital formation ($bn)US$ billions

1.1.01 · Gross Domestic Product (GDP)US$ billions

1.1.03 · World GDP contributionPercentage share of world GDP in market prices

1.1.05 · Household consumption expenditure (%)

1.1.07 · Government consumption expenditure (%)Percentage of GDP

1.1.22 · Forecast: Real GDP growth

1.1.21 · GDP (PPP) per capitaEstimates; US$ per capita at purchasing power parity

1.1.19 · Resilience of the economyResilience of the economy to economic cycles is strong

1.1.20 · GDP per capitaUS$ per capita

1.1.18 · Gross fixed capital formation - real growthPercentage change, based on constant prices.

1.1.17 · Government consumption expenditure - real growthPercentage change, based on constant prices.

1.1.16 · Household consumption expenditure - real growthPercentage change, based on constant prices.

1.1.14 · Real GDP growthPercentage change, based on national currency in constant prices

1.1.15 · Real GDP growth per capitaPercentage change, based on national currency in constant prices

1.1.13 · Economic complexity indexMeasures knowledge intensity, by considering exports

Economic sectors / ServicesBreakdown as a percentage of GDP

Economic sectors / IndustryBreakdown as a percentage of GDP

1.1.12 · Economic sectorsBreakdown of the economic sectors, percentage of GDP

Economic sectors / AgricultureBreakdown as a percentage of GDP

1.1.11 · Gross domestic savings (%)Percentage of GDP

1.1.10 · Gross domestic savings ($bn)US$ billions

6

0.9 158,733.1 6 2019

7.2 6.4 50 2019

2.0 1.3 22 2019

2.72 5.17 60 2018


1.5 8.9 29 2018

2.42 1.87 24 2018

-10.7 -2.3 47 2018

-17.64 -0.10 61 2018

10.46 3.58 15 2017

18.96 2.38 2 2017

0.14 1.48 56 2017

17.37 287.34 56 2018

28.57 39.75 34 2018

4,248 13,041 42 2018

8.11 10.84 39 2018

15.02 78.03 46 2017

27.20 15.50 6 2017

11.03 9.51 23 2017

31.08 340.78 56 2017

2017

9.7 10.6 2017

42.0 63.4 2017

48.3 26.0 2017

52.8 53.1 37 2017

31.2 53.6 1 2017

29.4 337.6 8 2017

53.2 52.1 39 2017

13.76 10.35 42 2017

1.1.99 · Diversification of the economyDiversification of the economy (industries, export markets, etc.) is extensive

1.2 · International Trade

1.1.24 · Forecast: UnemploymentPercentage of total labor force

1.1.25 · Forecast: Current account balancePercentage of GDP/GNP

1.1.23 · Forecast: InflationPercentage change

Percentage change, based on national currency in constant prices

Percentage change, based on US$ values

Percentage of GDP

1.2.21 · Imports of goods & commercial services - growth

1.2.20 · Imports of goods & commercial services (%)US$ billions

1.2.19 · Imports of goods & commercial services ($bn)

Exports to top 5 countries, percentage of total exports

Top 5 products, percentage of total exports

Percentage of total exports

1.2.17 · Export concentration by partner

1.2.18 · Export concentration by product

Exports breakdown by economic sector / ServicesPercentage of total exports

Exports breakdown by economic sector / IndustryPercentage of total exports

Exports breakdown by economic sector / Agriculture

US$ billions

Percentage of total exports


1.2.15 · Exports of goods & commercial services

1.2.16 · Exports breakdown by economic sector

1.2.14 · Exports of commercial services - growthPercentage of GDP

1.2.13 · Exports of commercial services (%)US$ billions


1.2.12 · Exports of commercial services ($bn)

US$ per capita

1.2.09 · Exports of goods (%)US$ billions

1.2.06 · Balance of commercial services (%)Percentage of GDP

1.2.07 · World exports contributionPercentage share of world exports (goods and commercial services)

1.2.08 · Exports of goods ($bn)

US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)

1.2.04 · Balance of trade (%)Percentage of GDP

1.2.05 · Balance of commercial services ($bn)US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)

1.2.01 · Current account balance ($bn)US$ billions (minus sign = deficit)

1.2.02 · Current account balancePercentage of GDP

1.2.03 · Balance of trade ($bn)

1.2.10 · Exports of goods per capita

1.2.11 · Exports of goods - growth

Percentage of GDP

7

2017

12.0 8.2 2017

72.5 67.9 2017

15.5 23.9 2017

54.77 53.12 23 2017

96.0 99.0 46 2018

19.79 3.78 1 2017

3.79 5.22 56 2018


0.45 16.70 47 2018

0.73 1.61 35 2018

6.1 484.2 54 2017

10.96 69.51 47 2017

1.28 18.51 51 2018

2.11 1.72 33 2018

33.4 469.5 55 2017

60.57 85.29 20 2017

-0.84 -1.90 24 2018

-1.37 -0.12 33 2018

-27.4 14.7 34 2017

-49.61 -15.79 53 2017

5.86 5.15 12 2019

0.20 25.74 49 2018

-0.60 20.50 43 2018

4.18 4.90 51 2018

4.29 4.93 47 2018

4.64 5.05 49 2018


1.66 39.31 54 2018

Exchange rates support the competitiveness of enterprises

1.3.10 · Balance of direct investment flows (%)Percentage of GDP (flows abroad minus flows inward)

1.4 · Employment

1.3 · International Investment

1.2.99 · Exchange rates

1.3.99 · Relocation threats of servicesRelocation of services is not a threat to the future of your economy

1.3.15 · Portfolio investment liabilities

Unit value of exports over unit value of imports

International tourism receipts as a percentage of GDP

Relocation of R&D facilities is not a threat to the future of your economy

(Exports + Imports) / (2 * GDP)

1.2.24 · Terms of trade index

1.2.25 · Tourism receipts

1.3.99 · Relocation threats of productionRelocation of production is not a threat to the future of your economy

1.3.99 · Relocation threats of R&D facilities

US$ billions

1.2.23 · Trade to GDP ratioPercentage of total imports

1.3.14 · Portfolio investment assetsUS$ billions

Imports breakdown by economic sector / ServicesPercentage of total imports

Imports breakdown by economic sector / Industry

1.3.12 · Net position in direct investment stocks (%)Percentage of GDP (stocks abroad minus stocks inward)

1.3.13 · Relocation threats of businessRelocation of business is not a threat to the future of your economy

Percentage of total imports

Percentage of total imports

US$ billions (stocks abroad minus stocks inward)

Imports breakdown by economic sector / Agriculture

1.2.22 · Imports breakdown by economic sector

1.3.11 · Net position in direct investment stocks ($bn)

1.3.09 · Balance of direct investment flows ($bn)US$ billions (flows abroad minus flows inward)

Total employment in millions

1.3.08 · Direct investment stocks inward (% of GDP)Percentage of GDP

1.3.05 · Direct investment flows inward ($bn)

US$ billions

1.3.06 · Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)Percentage of GDP

1.3.07 · Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

US$ billions

1.3.04 · Direct investment stocks abroad (% of GDP)Percentage of GDP

1.3.03 · Direct investment stocks abroad ($bn)US$ billions

Percentage of GDP

1.3.01 · Direct investment flows abroad ($bn)US$ billions

1.3.02 · Direct investment flows abroad (% of GDP)

1.4.01 · Employment

8

40.47 47.54 52 2018

1.85 1.34 27 2018

9.54 3.41 8 2018

2018

6.2 8.7 2018

27.4 23.9 2018

66.3 67.4 2018

31.00 17.65 57 2017

8.58 6.57 51 2018

3.40 2.33 48 2018

23.75 15.42 55 2018

15.4 12.3 43 2017


1.50 14,761.73 18 2018

69.70 81.10 15 2018

785 1,525 12 2018

269 603 7 2017

30.07 18.38 54 2017

1.58 1.29 43 2018

1.5 · Prices

1.5.06 · Gasoline pricesPremium unleaded gasoline (95 Ron) US$ per litre

Share of youth population (15-24) not in education, employment or training

1.4.08 · Long-term unemployment

1.4.09 · Youth unemployment

1.5.05 · Food costsPercentage of household final consumption expenditures

Percentage of labor force

Percentage of labor force

Percentage of youth labor force (under the age of 25)

1.5.04 · Office rentTotal occupation cost in the main city (US$/Sq.M. per year)

1.4.10 · Youth exclusion

1.5.03 · Apartment rent3-room apartment monthly rent in major cities, US$

Employment by sector / ServicesPercentage of total employment

Percentage of total employment

1.5.02 · Cost-of-living indexIndex of a basket of goods & services in the main city, including housing (New York City = 100)

1.5.01 · Consumer price inflationAverage annual rate

Employment by sector / Agriculture

1.4.07 · Unemployment rate


1.4.06 · Employment in the public sector


Employment by sector / Industry


Estimates: % of population, percentage change in 4 years

1.4.04 · Employment - long-term growth

Percentage of population

1.4.03 · Employment - growth

1.4.02 · Employment (%)

Estimates: percentage change

1.4.05 · Employment by sector

9


-0.30 -35.78 23 2018

-0.50 -1.56 26 2018

44.82 1,075.60 12 2018

73.72 59.51 46 2018

-2.35 4.23 13 2018

45.92 38.21 37 2018

26.86 19.01 39 2018

5.29 5.89 35 2018

4.12 4.70 39 2019

3.62 4.73 45 2019

1.74 4.22 60 2019

46.4 35.1 52 2018


36.32 27.08 49 2017

3.28 5.89 21 2017

2.26 3.04 17 2017

18.08 9.78 62 2017

0.94 1.39 25 2017

11.58 7.12 46 2017

19.45 16.65 35 2016

18.00 23.10 10 2018

25.00 16.28 58 2018

19.27 9.27 59 2016

16.57 16.56 36 2016

2.70 5.17 59 2019

2.78 5.34 57 2018

Real personal taxes do not discourage people from working or seeking advancement

2.1.07 · Central government foreign debtPercentage of GDP

2.2.10 · Employee's social security contribution rateCompulsory contribution as a percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita

2.2.12 · Real personal taxes

2.1.01 · Government budget surplus/deficit ($bn)US$ billions

2.1.02 · Government budget surplus/deficit (%)Percentage of GDP

2.1.03 · Total general government debt ($bn)US$ billions

2.1.04 · Total general government debt (%)Percentage of GDP

2.1.05 · Total general government debt-real growthPercentage change, based on national currency in constant prices

2.1.06 · Central government domestic debtPercentage of GDP


2 · Government Efficiency

2.1.09 · Public finances

2.1 · Public Finance

Percentage of GDP

2.2 · Tax Policy

2.2.99 · Real corporate taxes

CROATIA

Pension funding is adequately addressed for the future

2.1.10 · Tax evasionTax evasion is not a threat to your economy

2.1.11 · Pension funding

Public finances are being efficiently managed

2.1.12 · General government expenditure

2.2.11 · Employer's social security contribution rateCompulsory contribution as a percentage of an income equal to GDP per capita

2.1.08 · Interest payment (%)Percentage of current revenue

2.2.08 · Corporate tax rate on profitMaximum tax rate, calculated on profit before tax

2.2.09 · Consumption tax rateStandard rate of VAT/GST

2.2.07 · Effective personal income tax ratePercentage of an income equal to GDP per capita

2.2.04 · Collected indirect tax revenuesTaxes on goods and services as a percentage of GDP

2.2.05 · Collected capital and property taxesPercentage of GDP

2.2.03 · Collected corporate taxesOn profits, income and capital gains, as a percentage of GDP

2.2.06 · Collected social security contributionCompulsory contribution of employees and employers as a percentage of GDP

2.2.02 · Collected personal income taxOn profits, income and capital gains, as a percentage of GDP

2.2.01 · Collected total tax revenuesPercentage of GDP

10


1.48 -1.53 46 2018

3.62 5.49 53 2019

4.62 3.89 47 2018

29.7 42.5 54 2018

5.16 6.30 54 2019

19.99 185.59 48 2018

4,889 6,963 16 2018

0.060 0.076 50 2018

2.03 5.09 62 2019

1.71 4.42 61 2019

2.68 4.68 53 2019

1.24 3.59 60 2019

2.23 4.66 50 2019

0.61 0.65 30 2018

2.09 4.47 58 2018


5.08 5.96 14 2017

4.20 5.83 53 2019

4.72 6.06 52 2019

5.86 6.93 48 2019

5.12 6.52 53 2019

3.82 5.92 59 2019

1.51 1.18 45 2018

3.83 5.45 56 2019

3.48 6.04 61 2019

4.14 5.77 58 2019

3.26 4.94 49 2019

5.0 5.9 23 2016

Parity change from national currency to SDR, 2018 / 2016

2.3.14 · Rule of lawRule of Law Index

2.3 · Institutional Framework

2.3.99 · Government decisionsGovernment decisions are effectively implemented

2.4 · Business Legislation

Real corporate taxes do not discourage entrepreneurial activity

2.3.13 · Bribery and corruptionBribery and corruption do not exist

The legal and regulatory framework encourages the competitiveness of enterprises

Bureaucracy does not hinder business activity

2.3.10 · Adaptability of government policyAdaptability of government policy to changes in the economy is high

2.3.11 · TransparencyTransparency of government policy is satisfactory

2.3.12 · Bureaucracy

2.3.09 · Legal and regulatory framework

2.3.08 · Exchange rate stability

2.3.04 · Country credit ratingIndex (0-60) of three country credit ratings: Fitch, Moody's and S&P

2.3.05 · Central bank policy

2.3.06 · Foreign currency reservesUS$ billions

2.3.07 · Foreign currency reserves per capitaUS$ per capita

Central bank policy has a positive impact on the economy

2.3.03 · Interest rate spreadLending rate minus deposit rate

Cost of capital encourages business development

2.4.10 · Competition legislationCompetition legislation is efficient in preventing unfair competition

2.4.12 · New business density

2.3.01 · Real short-term interest rateReal discount / bank rate

2.3.02 · Cost of capital

2.4.11 · Parallel economyParallel (black-market, unrecorded) economy does not impair economic development

2.4.09 · State ownership of enterprisesState ownership of enterprises is not a threat to business activities

2.4.07 · Government subsidiesTo private and public companies as a percentage of GDP

2.4.08 · SubsidiesSubsidies do not distort fair competition and economic development

2.4.05 · Capital marketsCapital markets (foreign and domestic) are easily accessible

2.4.06 · Investment incentivesInvestment incentives are attractive to foreign investors

2.4.01 · Tariff barriersTariffs on imports: Most favored nation simple average rate

2.4.02 · Protectionism

2.4.03 · Public sector contracts

2.4.04 · Foreign investorsForeign investors are free to acquire control in domestic companies

Protectionism of your government does not impair the conduct of your business

Public sector contracts are sufficiently open to foreign bidders

11

4.21 6.46 58 2019

22.5 14.9 54 2018

8.0 6.0 47 2018

3.16 5.24 58 2019

3.15 5.01 59 2019

3.91 5.83 63 2019

7.2 9.4 30 2018

4.00 5.92 53 2018

2.06 5.15 61 2018


2.76 5.68 54 2019

1.0 4.6 26 2016

20.0 14.3 55 2018

4.70 5.79 42 2019

3.57 5.46 57 2019

30.80 35.20 17 2017

2.60 2.73 2015

22.80 26.89 2015

0.83 0.28 12 2015

4.61 6.06 52 2019

18.50 25.22 45 2017

1.22 1.38 44 2018

0.124 0.189 31 2017

72.9 71.1 35 2018

1.33 4.54 63 2018

4.47 6.67 53 2018

2.5 · Societal Framework

2.5.99 · Personal security and private property rightsPersonal security and private property rights are adequately protected

2.5.99 · Ageing of societyAgeing of society is not a burden for economic development

2.5.14 · Disposable IncomeFemale / male ratio

2.5.13 · Gender inequalityGender Inequality Index (UNDP)

2.5.12 · Unemployment rate - gender ratioDifference between the female and male unemployement rates

2.5.11 · Females in parliamentPercentage of total seats in Parliament

2.4.15 · Start-up procedures

2.4.99 · Ease of doing businessEase of doing business is supported by regulations

2.4.16 · Labor regulations

2.5.10 · Equal opportunityEqual opportunity legislation in your economy encourages economic development

2.5.09 · Income share held by lowest 60% - growthPercentage change of household incomes going to lowest 60% of households

2.4.99 · Customs' authoritiesCustoms' authorities do facilitate the efficient transit of goods

2.5.08 · Income distribution - highest 10%Percentage of household incomes going to highest 10% of households

Number of procedures to start a business

2.5.07 · Income distribution - lowest 10%Percentage of household incomes going to lowest 10% of households

2.4.17 · Unemployment legislationUnemployment legislation provides an incentive to look for work

2.4.18 · Immigration lawsImmigration laws do not prevent your company from employing foreign labor

Labor regulations (hiring/firing practices, minimum wages, etc.) do not hinder business activities

2.4.19 · Redundancy costsNumber of weeks of salary

2.5.06 · Gini coefficientEqual distribution of income scale: 0 (absolute equality) to 100 (absolute inequality)

2.5.05 · Social cohesionSocial cohesion is high

2.5.04 · Risk of political instabilityThe risk of political instability is very low

2.5.03 · Ageing of populationPopulation over 65, percentage of total population

2.4.13 · Creation of firmsCreation of firms is supported by legislation

2.4.14 · Start-up daysNumber of days to start a business

2.5.02 · HomicideIntentional homicide, rate per 100'000 population

2.5.01 · JusticeJustice is fairly administered

Registered new businesses per 1'000 people aged 15-64

12


62,515 79,104 42 2018

0.93 1.36 39 2018

34.28 44.82 41 2018

37,227 49,157 30 2018

61,077 100,569 48 2018

69,255 78,649 41 2018

4.35 6.14 56 2019

5.51 6.69 58 2019

4.99 6.03 49 2019

4.32 6.07 63 2019


7.01 13.64 27 2018

1.25 2.23 17 2017

14,350 28,097 20 2018

10,350 18,893 2018

10,845 18,792 2018

16,476 30,286 2018

22,545 48,626 2018

13,642 29,496 2018

12,240 22,488 2018

91,668 168,492 13 2018

142,522 304,252 2018

92,817 148,688 2018

28,662 79,567 2018

102,669 141,460 2018

11.64 17.63 20 2018

3.1.01 · Overall productivity (PPP)Estimates: GDP (PPP) per person employed, US$

3.1.03 · Labor productivity (PPP)Estimates: GDP (PPP) per person employed per hour, US$

3.1.05 · Productivity in industry (PPP)Estimates: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in industry, US$

3.1.07 · Workforce productivityWorkforce productivity is competitive by international standards

3.1 · Productivity & Efficiency

CROATIA

3.1.10 · Use of digital tools and technologiesCompanies are very good at using digital tools and technologies to improve performance

3.1.02 · Overall productivity (PPP) - real growthEstimates: Percentage change of GDP (PPP) per person employed

3.1.04 · Agricultural productivity (PPP)Estimates: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in agriculture, US$

3.1.06 · Productivity in services (PPP)Estimates: Related GDP (PPP) per person employed in services, US$

3.2 · Labor Market

3 · Business Efficiency

3.1.09 · Small and medium-size enterprisesSmall and medium-size enterprises are efficient by international standards


3.1.08 · Large corporationsLarge corporations are efficient by international standards

3.2.05 · Remuneration spread

Total base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$

Remuneration of management / CEOTotal base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$

Remuneration in services professions / Sales AssistantGross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, in US$

Remuneration in services professions / Secretary / Personal Gross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, in US$

3.2.04 · Remuneration of management

Gross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, in US$

Remuneration in services professions / Primary school teacherGross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, in US$

Remuneration in services professions / Product ManagerGross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, in US$

3.2.03 · Remuneration in services professionsGross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, US$

Remuneration in services professions / Call center agentGross annual income including supplements such as bonuses, in US$

Remuneration in services professions / Nurse

3.2.01 · Compensation levelsTotal hourly compensation in manufacturing (wages + supplementary benefits), US$

3.2.02 · Unit labor costs for total economyPercentage change

Remuneration of management / EngineerTotal base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$

Remuneration of management / Human resources directorTotal base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$

Remuneration of management / Director manufacturingTotal base salary plus bonuses and long-term incentives, US$

13

1,824 1,838 32 2018

3.88 5.85 62 2019

- 11.29

2.93 5.03 62 2019

3.83 5.94 63 2019

1.81 41.32 54 2018

44.21 50.35 52 2018

-1.20 0.98 60 2018

-1.02 1.59 55 2018

3.73 14.17 49 2017

46.40 43.01 27 2018

3.83 14.71 33 2017

3.16 5.41 60 2019

3.83 6.27 62 2019

4.41 6.75 63 2019

1.74 4.88 62 2019

2.12 5.36 62 2019

3.50 5.61 62 2019

3.04 5.46 61 2019

4.35 6.24 59 2018


109.09 145.18 35 2018

2.53 3.39 28 2018

2,394 10,482 54 2018

86.14 82.69 34 2017

0.92 0.96 50 2017

4.81 6.09 55 2019

5.33 6.78 56 2019

3.16 5.54 58 2019

3.3 · Finance

3.2.99 · Labor relationsLabor relations are generally productive

3.2.24 · Competent senior managersCompetent senior managers are readily available

3.2.20 · Attracting and retaining talentsAttracting and retaining talents is a priority in companies

3.2.22 · Foreign highly-skilled personnelForeign highly-skilled personnel are attracted to your country's business environment

3.2.23 · International experienceInternational experience of senior managers is generally significant

3.2.21 · Brain drainBrain drain (well-educated and skilled people) does not hinder competitiveness in your economy

Percentage of total labor force

3.2.18 · Skilled laborSkilled labor is readily available

3.2.19 · Finance skillsFinance skills are readily available

3.2.17 · Foreign labor force

3.2.16 · Female labor forcePercentage of total labor force

3.2.15 · Part-time employmentPercentage of total employment

3.3.06 · Banking and financial servicesBanking and financial services do support business activities efficiently

3.3.07 · Regulatory compliance (banking laws)Regulatory compliance is sufficiently developed

3.2.14 · Labor force long-term growthEstimates: % of population, percentage change in 4 years

3.3.03 · Financial card transactionsUS$ per capita

3.3.05 · Access to financial services - gender ratioDifference between the female and male access to a bank account or mobile-money-service provider

3.2.12 · Labor force (%)Percentage of population

3.2.13 · Labor force growthPercentage change

3.3.08 · Stock marketsStock markets provide adequate financing to companies

3.2.07 · Worker motivationWorker motivation in companies is high

Employed and registered unemployed (millions)

Apprenticeships are sufficiently implemented

3.2.09 · Apprenticeships

3.2.10 · Employee trainingEmployee training is a high priority in companies

3.2.11 · Labor force

3.2.08 · Industrial disputesWorking days lost per 1,000 inhabitants per year (average 2015-2017)

3.3.04 · Access to financial servicesProportion of adults with a bank account or mobile-money-service provider

3.2.06 · Working hoursAverage number of working hours per year

3.3.02 · Financial cards in circulationNumber of cards per capita

Ratio of CEO to personal assistant remuneration

3.3.01 · Banking sector assetsPercentage of GDP

14

21.1 1,066.4 53 2018

34.77 79.72 38 2018

60 17,733 52 2018

155 707 36 2017

-6.58 6.10 60 2018

4.81 6.73 59 2019

4.2 2,955.1 56 2015

5.28 5.88 47 2019

3.16 5.13 57 2019

0.143 1.163 53 2017

3.80 5.85 58 2019

4.33 6.44 60 2018

3.82 5.93 58 2018


4.38 5.95 62 2019

5.36 6.58 60 2019

4.23 6.02 62 2019

3.62 6.03 63 2019

3.57 6.03 63 2019

5.09 7.16 63 2019

3.54 5.07 61 2019

4.99 6.88 63 2019

4.38 5.94 62 2019

3.51 5.84 62 2019

29.05 31.70 41 2017

19.00 18.25 24 2014

4.14 6.22 60 2018


3.80 6.37 62 2019

3.4 · Management Practices

3.3.15 · Initial Public Offerings

3.5 · Attitudes and Values

Social responsibility of business leaders is high

3.3.99 · Financial risk factorThe risk factor in the financial system (new financial instruments, non-performing loans, transparency) is adequately addressed

3.3.16 · Credit

3.3.99 · Finance and banking regulationFinance and banking regulation is sufficiently adequate

3.3.19 · Corporate debtCorporate debt does not restrain the ability of enterprises to compete

3.4.99 · Ethical practicesEthical practices are implemented in companies

3.3.18 · M&A ActivityDeals per listed company (average 2015-2017)

3.5.01 · Attitudes toward globalization

3.4.12 · Women on boardsBoardmembers of all companies analyzed by MSCI

3.3.17 · Venture capitalVenture capital is easily available for business

3.3.13 · Stock market index

3.3.14 · Shareholders' rightsShareholders' rights are sufficiently implemented

Female share of senior and middle management (% of management)

3.4.08 · Customer satisfactionCustomer satisfaction is emphasized in companies

By acquiror nation (average 2016-2018) US$ millions

3.4.07 · Use of big data and analyticsCompanies are very good at using big data and analytics to support decision-making

3.4.11 · Women in management

Attitudes toward globalization are generally positive in your society

Percentage change on index in national currency

3.3.12 · Listed domestic companies

Credit is easily available for business

Number of listed domestic companies

3.4.06 · Auditing and accounting practicesAuditing and accounting practices are adequately implemented in business

3.3.11 · Value traded on stock marketsUS$ per capita

3.4.05 · Corporate boardsCorporate boards do supervise the management of companies effectively

3.3.10 · Stock market capitalization (%)Percentage of GDP

US$ billions

3.4.03 · Opportunities and threatsCompanies are very good at responding quickly to opportunities and threats

3.4.04 · Credibility of managersCredibility of managers in society is strong

3.3.09 · Stock market capitalization ($bn)

3.4.01 · Agility of companiesCompanies are agile

3.4.02 · Changing market conditionsCompanies are generally extremely aware of changing market conditions

3.4.09 · EntrepreneurshipEntrepreneurship of managers is widespread in business

3.4.10 · Social responsibility

15

4.38 6.22 52 2019

4.35 6.68 63 2019

4.20 6.55 62 2019

3.74 5.79 61 2019

3.77 5.66 63 2019

3.54 6.16 62 2019

4.03 6.35 63 2018

3.5.04 · Flexibility and adaptabilityFlexibility and adaptability of people are high when faced with new challenges

3.5.02 · Image abroad or brandingThe image abroad of your country encourages business development

3.5.99 · Corporate valuesCorporate values take into account the values of employees

3.5.06 · Digital transformation in companiesDigital transformation in companies is generally well understood

3.5.05 · Need for economic and social reformsThe need for economic and social reforms is generally well understood

3.5.07 · Value systemThe value system in your society supports competitiveness

3.5.03 · National cultureThe national culture is open to foreign ideas

16


57 1,478 49 2018

2,262 3,111 29 2016

8,892 19,246 19 2014

7.74 8.00 44 2019

4.62 6.60 58 2019

4.09 83.80 54 2018

-0.85 0.79 62 2018

14.5 18.9 2018

20.0 14.3 2018

52.8 50.2 35 2018

0.52 1.22 38 2016

0.046 0.047 21 2017

2,058 62,185 55 2017

5.71 7.12 54 2019

6.32 7.07 46 2019

6.61 7.09 40 2019

4.42 178.96 54 2016

52.2 106.0 39 2016

7.05 125.73 10 2016

1.69 2.43 23 2016

0.150 0.103 48 2018

7.25 8.08 49 2018

4.82 5.97 48 2018

5.88 6.94 47 2018


0.85 0.47 4 2018

4.1 · Basic Infrastructure

4.2 · Technological Infrastructure

4.1.01 · Land areaSquare kilometers ('000)

4.1.02 · Arable areaSquare meters per capita

4.1.03 · Water resourcesTotal internal renewable per capita in cubic meters

4.1.05 · Management of citiesManagement of cities supports business development

4.1.07 · Population - growthPercentage change


CROATIA4 · Infrastructure

Estimates in millions

4.1.04 · Access to waterAccess to water is adequately ensured and managed

4.1.06 · Population - market size

Water transportation (harbors, canals, etc.) meets business requirements

4.1.99 · Maintenance and developmentMaintenance and development of infrastructure are adequately planned and financed

4.1.99 · Water transportation

4.1.99 · Access to commoditiesAccess to commodities (basic resources, food, etc.) is adequately addressed

4.1.19 · Total final energy consumptionMillions MTOE

4.1.20 · Total final energy consumption per capitaMTOE per capita

4.1.21 · Electricity costs for industrial clientsUS$ per kwh

Percentage of total requirements in tons of oil equivalent

4.1.16 · Energy infrastructureEnergy infrastructure is adequate and efficient

4.1.17 · Total indigenous energy productionMillions MTOE

4.1.18 · Total indigenous energy production (%)

Number of passengers carried by main companies, thousands

4.1.12 · RailroadsDensity of the network, km per square km

4.1.13 · Air transportation

4.1.14 · Quality of air transportationQuality of air transportation encourages business development

4.1.15 · Distribution infrastructureThe distribution infrastructure of goods and services is generally efficient

4.1.10 · Dependency ratioPopulation under 15 and over 64 years old, divided by active population (15 to 64 years)

4.1.11 · RoadsDensity of the network, km roads/square km land area

Percentage of total population

4.1.08 · Population under 15 yearsPercentage of total population

4.1.09 · Population over 65 years

4.2.01 · Investment in Telecommunications

17

86.7 75.4 25 2017

11.1 16.6 25 2017

6.84 7.71 49 2019

0.08 1.35 54 2017

540 713 42 2017

783 736 37 2017

329 369 41 2017

15.6 18.5 36 2018

5.35 6.91 57 2019

4.43 6.49 60 2019

3.71 5.96 61 2019

3.50 6.41 62 2019

3.77 5.88 57 2019

782 31,268 49 2017

7.45 13.58 46 2017

13.5 27.3 49 2017

4.38 5.80 56 2019

3.76 5.67 61 2018


477 25,527 53 2017

0.86 1.46 42 2017

115.7 557.5 42 2017

231 18,988 51 2017

0.42 0.97 42 2017

10.8 204.5 49 2017

2.62 4.57 38 2017

3.2 150.9 51 2017

0.77 2.78 43 2017

1.8 3.2 38 2016

4.3 · Scientific Infrastructure

4.2.99 · Technological cooperationTechnological cooperation between companies is developed

4.2.18 · Cyber securityCyber security is being adequately addressed by corporations

4.2.17 · ICT service exportsPercentage of service exports

4.2.13 · Development and application of technologyDevelopment and application of technology are supported by the legal environment

4.2.15 · High-tech exports ($)US$ millions

4.2.16 · High-tech exports (%)Percentage of manufactured exports

4.2.14 · Funding for technological developmentFunding for technological development is readily available

4.2.11 · Qualified engineersQualified engineers are available in your labor market

4.2.12 · Public-private partnershipsPublic and private sector ventures are supporting technological development

4.2.07 · Internet users

4.2.09 · Internet bandwidth speedAverage speed

4.2.10 · Digital/Technological skillsDigital/Technological skills are readily available

4.3.10 · Researchers in R&D per capitaFull-time work equivalent (FTE) per 1000 people

Number of internet users per 1000 people/ Source: Computer Industry Almanac

4.2.08 · Broadband subscribersNumber of subscriptions per 1000 inhabitants

4.2.04 · Communications technologyCommunications technology (voice and data) meets business requirements

4.2.05 · Computers in useWorldwide share/ Source: Computer Industry Almanac

4.2.06 · Computers per capitaNumber of computers per 1000 people/ Source: Computer Industry Almanac

4.2.03 · Mobile Telephone costsMonthly Blended Average Revenue per User

4.3.09 · Total R&D personnel in business per capitaFull-time work equivalent (FTE) per 1000 people

Percentage of GDP

4.2.02 · Mobile Broadband subscribers3G & 4G market, % of mobile market

4.3.07 · Total R&D personnel per capitaFull-time work equivalent (FTE) per 1000 people

4.3.08 · Total R&D personnel in business enterpriseFull-time work equivalent (FTE thousands)

4.3.06 · Total R&D personnelFull-time work equivalent (FTE thousands)

4.3.05 · Business expenditure on R&D (%)Percentage of GDP

4.3.01 · Total expenditure on R&D ($)US$ millions

4.3.02 · Total expenditure on R&D (%)Percentage of GDP

4.3.03 · Total expenditure on R&D per capita ($)US$ per capita

4.3.04 · Business expenditure on R&D ($)US$ millions

18

31.90 34.67 44 2014

4,056 34,843 47 2016

0 9 29 2018

0.00 0.19 29 2018

280 51,847 56 2017

6.79 82.67 45 2017

65 22,349 59 2017

11.5 341.1 46 2017

29.94 37.98 42 2015

3.77 5.85 59 2019

4.49 6.53 60 2019

2.84 5.34 61 2019

3.44 5.72 61 2018

2.58 4.86 55 2018

3.00 5.42 56 2018


7.2 7.4 32 2016

888 2,339 42 2016

78.25 66.07 18 2016

4.09 5.72 44 2019

69 74 49 2015

77.8 78.2 34 2017

69.3 69.5 32 2018

4.6 8.2 31 2017

28 2016

158.12 209.15 2016

308.20 485.47 2016

60 76 2018

0.831 0.851 42 2017

136 127 44 2016

4.4 · Health and Environment

4.3.99 · Scientific researchScientific research (public and private) is high by international standards

4.3.99 · Researchers and scientistsResearchers and scientists are attracted to your country

4.3.20 · Scientific research legislation

4.3.22 · Knowledge transferKnowledge transfer is highly developed between companies and universities

4.3.99 · Innovative capacityInnovative capacity of firms (to generate new products, processes and/or services) is high in your economy

4.3.19 · Medium- and high-tech value added

Intellectual property rights are adequately enforced

4.3.21 · Intellectual property rightsLaws relating to scientific research do encourage innovation

4.3.17 · Patent grantsNumber of patents granted by applicant's origin (average 2014-2016)

4.3.18 · Number of patents in forceby applicant's origin, per 100,000 inhabitants

4.3.16 · Patent applications per capitaNumber of applications filed by applicant's origin, per 100,000 inhabitants

4.3.15 · Patent applicationsNumber of applications filed by applicant's origin

4.3.13 · Nobel prizesAwarded in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine and economics since 1950

4.3.14 · Nobel prizes per capitaAwarded in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine and economics since 1950 per million people

Proportion of total manufacturing value added, expressed as a percentage

4.3.12 · Scientific articlesScientific articles published by origin of author

4.3.11 · Science degreesPercentage of total first university degrees in science and engineering

4.4.12 · Energy intensity

4.4.06 · Life expectancy at birthAverage estimate

Percentage of total health expenditure

4.4.04 · Health infrastructureHealth infrastructure meets the needs of society

4.4.05 · Universal health care covereage indexIndex (0-80) measuring coverage of essential health services

4.4.01 · Total health expenditurePercentage of GDP

4.4.02 · Total health expenditure per capitaUS$ per capita

4.4.03 · Public expenditure on health (%)

Combines economic - social - educational indicators/ Source: Human Development Report

4.4.07 · Healthy life expectancyAverage estimate

4.4.08 · Infant mortalityUnder five mortality rate per 1000 live births

4.4.09 · Medical assistanceNumber of inhabitants per physician and per nurse

Medical assistance / Per nurseNumber of inhabitants per physician and per nurse

Medical assistance / Per physicianNumber of inhabitants per physician and per nurse

4.4.10 · Urban populationPercentage of total population

4.4.11 · Human development index

19

46.0 76.7 44 2017

13.18 41.11 18 2015

15.9 448.2 7 2016

308.0 440.1 30 2016

17.66 20.11 40 2016

23.6 15.9 16 2016

0.1 1.4 32 2015

3.01 3.96 23 2015

3.8 5.4 20 2015

-0.78 -1.44 23 2015

0.02 1.59 50 2015

91.67 83.39 17 2015

3.71 6.08 62 2019

5.15 5.77 42 2019

5.18 6.22 54 2019

5.33 6.70 44 2019


4.7 4.6 29 2017

631 1,418 42 2017

22.6 21.1 22 2016

3,066 6,115 40 2016

10.50 16.25 4 2016

8.80 13.79 6 2016

90.8 89.5 35 2016

32.8 41.6 43 2016

56.5 37.9 5 2017

0.17 3.14 55 2016

2.17 2.42 18 2017

470 476 36 2015

4.5 · Education

4.4.20 · Total biocapacityGlobal hectares per capita of biologically productive space

4.4.21 · Ecological footprint

Share of renewables in total energy requirements, %

4.4.16 · CO2 emissions intensity

4.4.15 · CO2 emissionsMetric tons of carbon dioxide from fuel combustion

4.4.17 · Exposure to particle pollutionMean population exposure to PM2.5, Micrograms per cubic metre

4.4.18 · Renewable energies (%)

4.5.12 · Educational assessment - PISAPISA survey of 15-year olds

4.5.11 · Student mobility outboundNational tertiary-level students studying abroad per 1000 inhabitants

4.5.09 · Women with degreesShare of women who have a degree in the population 25-65

4.5.10 · Student mobility inboundForeign tertiary-level students per 1000 inhabitants

Total energy consumed for each 1000 US$ of GDP in MTOE

4.4.13 · Waste water treatment plantsPercentage of population served

4.5.08 · Higher education achievementPercentage of population that has attained at least tertiary education for persons 25-34

4.5.07 · Secondary school enrollmentPercentage of relevant age group receiving full-time education

4.4.27 · Environmental lawsEnvironmental laws and compliance do not hinder the competitiveness of businesses

4.4.28 · Quality of lifeQuality of life is high

4.5.06 · Pupil-teacher ratio (secondary education)Ratio of students to teaching staff

4.5.01 · Total public expenditure on educationPercentage of GDP

4.5.02 · Total public expenditure on education per capitaUS$ per capita

4.4.26 · Pollution problemsPollution problems do not seriously affect your economy

4.5.04 · Total public expenditure on education per studentSpending per enrolled pupil/student, all levels

4.5.05 · Pupil-teacher ratio (primary education)Ratio of students to teaching staff

4.4.25 · Sustainable developmentSustainable development is a priority in companies

4.5.03 · Gov. expenditure on education per studentPercentage of GDP per capita (secondary education)

Global hectares per person

4.4.19 · Forest area growthFive year percentage change of hectares

CO2 emissions from fuel combustion in metric tons per one million US$ of GDP

4.4.14 · Water consumption intensityWater withdrawal for each 1000 US$ of GDP in cubic meters

4.4.23 · Environment-related technologiesDevelopment of environment-related technologies, % inventions worldwide

4.4.24 · Environmental agreementsMultilateral agreements on hazardous waste, proportion fulfilled

4.4.22 · Ecological balance (reserve/deficit)Total biocapacity minus total footprint in global hectares per capita

20

464 475 2015

475 478 2015

90 89 30 2017

3.71 6.00 57 2019

4.32 6.29 56 2019

4.00 6.31 60 2019

8.38 31.72 46 2018

1.0 2.7 1 2016

6.29 6.31 35 2019

3.25 5.62 55 2018

3.13 5.34 56 20184.5.99 · Science in schoolsScience in schools is sufficiently emphasized

4.5.99 · Educational systemThe educational system meets the needs of a competitive economy

4.5.19 · Language skillsLanguage skills are meeting the needs of enterprises

4.5.17 · University education indexCountry score calculated from Times Higher Education univesity ranking

4.5.18 · IlliteracyAdult (over 15 years) illiteracy rate as a percentage of population

4.5.16 · Management educationManagement education meets the needs of the business community

4.5.15 · University educationUniversity education meets the needs of a competitive economy

4.5.14 · Primary and secondary educationPrimary and secondary education meets the needs of a competitive economy

Educational assessment - PISA / SciencesPISA survey of 15-year olds

4.5.13 · English proficiency - TOEFLTOEFL scores

Educational assessment - PISA / MathematicsPISA survey of 15-year olds

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COUNTRY CROATIA PROFILE - Nacionalno vijeće za konkurentnostkonkurentnost.hr/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Profil-svjetske... · 1 BASIC FACTS Capital Land area (square km '000) 57