CONTOH-CONTOH SOALAN PEMERHATIAN DAN INFERENS

1. Diagram 1 shows the interaction among living thing in an aquarium.Rajah 1 menunjukkan interaksi antara hidupan dalam sebuah akuarium.

Table 1 shows the result of this investigation after four days.Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan ini selepas empat hari.

Living thingsHidupan

Big fishIkan besar

Small fishIkan kecil

SeaweedRumpai laut

The number of living things leftBilangan hidupan yang tinggal 1 1 1

Table 1 / Jadual 1

(a) State two observations about changes in the number of living things based on the result in Table 1.

Nyatakan dua pemerhatian tentang perubahan bilangan hidupan berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 1.

i.)________________________________________________________________________________

ii.)________________________________________________________________________________[2 marks / 2 markah]

(b) Give two reasons (inferences) based on each observation in 1(a)Berikan dua sebab (inferens) berdasarkan setipa pemerhatian dalam 1(a).

i.)________________________________________________________________________________

ii.)________________________________________________________________________________[2 marks / 2 markah]

(c) State other observation to support any of your reason in 1 (b).Nyatakan satu pemerhatian lain untuk menyokong mana-mana satu sebab (inferens) dalam 1 (b).

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark /1 markah]

2. Table 1 shows an observations on the conditions of bread X and bread Y after 5 days.

Jadua1 1 menunjukkan pemerhatian terhadap keadaan roti X dan roti Y selepas 5 hari.

BreadRoti

Conditon of breadKeadaan roti

X Turned mouldyBerkulat

Y No growth of mouldTiada kulat yang tumbuh

(a) State one reason (inference) based on the information given.Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) berdasarkan maklumat tersebut.

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) Write one observation on the condition of bread X to support the answer in 1(a).Tuliskan satu pemerhatian tentang keadaan roti X bagi menyokong jawapan 1

(a).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

3. Diagram 1 shows a fair test about the basic needs for animals to stay alive.Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu penyiasatan tentang keperluan asas haiwan untuk

hidup.

The result of the fair test shows that the fish in bowl X died but the fish in bowl Y remain alive.Keputusan penyiasatan menunjukkan ikan-ikan di dalam balang X mati,

manakala ikan-ikan dalam balang Y masih hidup.

(a) State one reason (inference) based on the observation above.Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) berdasarkan pemerhatian di atas.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/1 markah]

(b) Write one observation to support your answer in 1 (a).Tuliskan satu pemerhatian untuk menyokong jawapan kamu di 1(a).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

4. Diagram 2 shows an investigation on objects that can be conduct electricity.Rajah 2 menunjukan penyiasatan tentang objek-objek yang boleh mengalirkan

arus elektrik.

Table 1 shows the result of this investigation.Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan ini.

ObjectObjek

X Y

The ability of bulb to light upKebolehan mentol menyala

CanBoleh

CannotTidak boleh

(a) State one reason (inference) about the ability of bulb to light up using X.Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) tentang kebolehan mentol menyala

menggunakan X.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) Write one observation to support the reason (inference) in 2(a).Tulis satu pemerhatian untuk menyokong sebab (inferens) di 2(a).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

(c) State one reason (inference) based on the statement above.Nyatakan satu (inferens) berdasarkan pernyataan di atas.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

5. Diagram 3 shows the result of the fair test on the strength of an object. A load is place on the model until the model collapsed.Rajah 3 menunjukkan hasil keputusan penyiasatan tentang kekuatan

objek.Beban diletakkan pada model sehingga model tersebut runtuh.

When object X is replaced by paper clip in Diagram 2, the result of investigation shows that the bulb light up.Apabila objek X digantikan dengan klip kertas dalam Rajah 2, keputusan penyiasatan menunjukkan mentol tidak menyala.

(a) State one reason (inference) based on the information given above.Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens)berdasarkan maklumat di atas.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

6. Picture below shows the reaction of three animals when faced with certain situations.Gambar di bawah menunjukkan tindakan tiga haiwan apabila berhadapan dengan situasi tertentu.

(a) State one reason (inference) based on the reaction of animals when facing with certain situations.Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) berdasarkan tindakan haiwan apabila

berhadapan dengan situasi tertentu.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

7. The information below is gathered in a fair test about the time taken to boil water by two kettles, kettle J and K.

Makumat di bawah dikumpulkan dalam satu penyiasatan tentang masa yang diambil untuk mendidihkan air oleh dua cerek iaitu, cerek J dan cerek K.

Kettle J / Cerek J

20 minutes to boil the water20 minit untuk mendidihkan air.

Kettle K / Cerek K

15 minutes to boil the water15 minit untuk mendidihkan air.

(a) State one reason (inference) on the observation on kettle KNyatakan satu sebab (inferens) berdasarkan pemerhatian pada cerek K.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(b) Write one observation to support the reason (inference) in 2(a).Nyatakan satu pemerhatian untuk menyokong sebab (inferens) di 2(a).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/ 1 markah]

8. Table 1 shows the air pollution level in town S every five years.Jadual 1 menunjukkan pencemaran udara di bandar S setiap lima tahun.

YearTahun

Number of vehiclesBilangan kenderaan

Average air pollution levelPurata paras pencemaran udara

1970 20 300 LowRendah

1975 30 400 MediumSederhana

1980 40 500 HighTinggi

1985 50 600 Very High

Lebih tinggiTable 1 / Jadual 1

(a) State one observation on the average air pollution level every five years.Nyatakan satu pemerhatian tentang purata paras pencemaran udara setiap lima tahun.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) State one reason (inference) based on your answer in 3(a).Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) berdasarkan jawapan kamu di 3(a).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

9. Diagram 1 shows two situations, X and Y to lift a load.Rajah 1 menunjukkan dua situasi, X dan Y untuk mengangkat beban.

The result of the investigation shows that it is easier to lift the load in situation Y than in situation X.

Keputusan penyiasatan menunjukkan lebih mudah mengangkat beban dalam situasi y berbanding situasi X.

(a) State one reason (inference) based on the information given above.Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) berdasarkan maklumat yang diberikan di atas.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

10. A group of pupils carried out a fair test about competiion among living things.The information is recorded in a science practical book as shown below.Sekumpulan murid telah menjalankan satu penyiasatan tentang persaingan

antara hidupan.Maklumat tersebut telah direkodkan dalam buku laporan sains amalinya seperti di bawah.

1. Prepare two pots X and Y of the same size. Each pot contains the same amout of soil.Sediakan dua pasu bunga X dan Y yang sama saiz.Setiap pasu mengandungi jumlah tanah yang sama banyak.

2. Put one plant in pot X and four plants in pot Y.Tanam satu pokok dalam pasu X dan empat pokok dalam pasu Y.

3. Give the same amount of water and sunlight to each pot everyday.Berikan jumlah air dan cahaya yang sama pada setiap pasu setiap hari.

4. After one month, the result of investigation shows that more leaves can be found on plant in the pot X than the plants in pot Y.

Selepas sebulan, keputusan penyiasatan menunjukkan lebih banyak daun didapati pada tumbuhan di pasu X berbanding tumbuhan di pasu Y.

(a) State one reason (inference) based on the information above.Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) berdasarkan maklumat di atas.

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) Write one observation to support the reason (inferens) in 1(a).Tulis satu pemerhatian untuk meyokong sebab (inferens) di 1(a).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/ 1 markah]

11. Diagram 1 shows the result of and investigation about the condition of water in a beaker after placed under the sunlight.Rajah 1 menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan tentang keadaan air di dalam

sebuah bikar selepas diletakkan di bawah cahaya matahari.

(a) State one observation about the water left in the beaker after 3 hours.Nyatakan satu penyiasatan tentang air yang tinggal dalam bikar selepas 3 jam.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(b) Give one suitable reason (inference) based on your answer in 3(a).Berikan satu sebab (inferens) yang sesuai berdasarkan jawapan kamu di 3(a).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

12. Diagram 2 shows an investigation to find the factors that can cause the rusting of an object.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu penyiasatan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang boleh menyebabkan pengaratan objek.

The result of investigation is recorded after one week in Table 2.Keputusan penyiasatan direkodkan selepas seminggu dalam Jadual 2.

Test Tube 1Tabung Uji 1

X Y Z

Condition of nailKeadaan paku

RustyBerkarat

RustyBerkarat

Not rustyTidak berkarat

Table 2 / Jadual 1

(a) State one reason (inference) about the condition of nails in test tube Y.

Nyatakan satu sebab (inferens) tentang keadaan paku dalam tabung uji Y.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) Write another observation beside the information given in Table 2 to support your answer in 4(a).

Tuliskan pemerhatian selain daripada maklumat dalam Jadual 2 untuk menyokong jawapan kamu di 4(a).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/ 1 markah]

13. Table 1 shows the observation about the effect of deforestation area on the number of animal Y.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan pemerhatian tentang perubahan keluasan hutan yang ditebang ke atas bilangan haiwan Y.

YearTahun

Area of deforestation (km²)Keluasan pokok hutan yang ditebang (km²)

The number of animal Y leftBilangan haiwan Y yang tinggal

2000 1250 1322002 2013 81

Table 1 / Jadual 1

(a) State one observation about the changes on the number of animal Y left from 2000 until 2002.

Nyatakan satu pemerhatian tentang perubahan bilanganY yang tinggal dari tahun 2000 sehingga 2002.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/1 markah]

(b) State one suitable observation to support the answer in 1 (b).Tuliskan satu pemerhatian lain yang menyokong jawapan kamu di 1 (b).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(c) Write another observation to support the answer in 1(b).Tuliskan pemerhatian lain yang menyokong jawapan kamu 1(b).

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________[1 mark/1 markah]