Carl Jung

Jungian Theory

Carl Jung

• Born in 1875-1961• Swiss, son of a protestant minister• Strong interest in ethnology and

anthropology• Protégé of Freud• Broke with Freud in 1912• Major disagreement on the nature of the

unconscious.

Theory

• Personal Unconscious= repressed memories and impulses.

• Collective Unconscious= shared by all humans. Consists of universal memories, symbols, and images seen in human history.

• How? Passed down genetically through the generations.

• New born baby comes wired, ready to perceive patterns, images, and symbols.

Shared imagesArchetypes

• Reflect ancestral or universal experiences of human beings. Hardwired to respond to some things in certain ways.

• Collective unconscious is expressed through archetypes.

• Art, literature, myths, or folklore• Examples: All-powerful God, the young hero, the

wicked witch, wise old man, and the fairy godmother.

• Influence our dreams, thoughts, and emotions.

The Hero

• Archetypes influence our dreams, thoughts, and emotions. Expressed through art and rituals.

Wise Old Man

• Archetypes influence our dreams, thoughts, and emotions. Expressed through art and rituals.

Important archetypes

• Anima (represents the feminine archetype in men).

• Animus (represents the masculine archetype in women).

• Shadow (representing destructive and aggressive tendencies)

• The mother (motherly love, warmth)

Personality Types

• Principle of Opposites : Table 10.2, pg. 420 (Myers-Briggs)

conscious-unconscious

extravert-introvert

rational-irrational

thinking-feeling

intuition-sensation

good-bad

masculine-feminine

Psychological Problems and mental disorders

• 1. Repressed trauma and conflicts in the Personal Unconscious

• 2. Repress our archetypes• 3. Seek the Ideal Archetype• 4. Persona: “mask” people wear to

hide what they really feel or think.

Healthy Personality

• Have both the Anima and the Animus• Persona is not permanently on• Integrate the conscious and unconscious

Evaluation

• Hard to study• Motivated by the past and the future• Ideas are popular in literature and the

new age movement.• Personality types• 1st person to recognize extroversion

and introversion.• Ideas explore spiritually