50942274 VLSI Lab Manual

Dr. M. G. REducational and Research Institute

University

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

VLSI & Embedded System Design Lab

Subject Code: BEC 427

List of ExperimentsEx. No Date Experiment Name Signature

XILINX Verilog HDL01 (A) HALF ADDER

01 (B) FULL ADDER

02 (A) HALF SUBTRACTOR

02 (B) FULL SUBTRACTOR

03 MULTIPLEXER

04 DE - MULTIPLEXER

05 D – FLIP FLOP

06 T – FLIP FLOP

07 JK – FLIP FLOP

08 ENCODER

09 DECODER

XILINX VHDL01(A) HALF ADDER

01(B) FULL ADDER

02(A) HALF SUBTRACTOR

03(B) FULL SUBTRACTOR

04 MULTIPLEXER

05 DE - MULTIPLEXER

06 ENCODER

07 DECODER

PIC Microcontroller01 Study Of PIC Microcontroller

02 Design of LED Display

03 Design DC Motor Controller

04 Design of LCD Display

05 Design of RS 232

Verilog HDL

EX. NO: 01 A Date:

HALF ADDER

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for HALF ADDER.

PROGRAM:

module Halfadd1(i0, i1, sum, c_out);

input i0;

input i1;

output sum;

output c_out;

xor(sum,i1,i2);

and(c_out,i1,i2);

endmodule

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

Input1 Input2 Carry Sum

0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the HALF ADDER Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 01 B Date:

FULL ADDER

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for FULL ADDER.

PROGRAM:

module Fulladd(i1, i2, sum, c_in, c_out);

input i1;

input i2;

output sum;

input c_in;

output c_out;

wire s1,c1,c2;

xor n1(s1,i1,i2);

and n2(c1,i1,i2);

xor n3(sum,s1,c_in);

and n4(c2,s1,c_in);

or n5(c_out,c1,c2);

endmodule

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

i1 i2 C_in C_out Sum

0 0 0 0 00 0 1 0 10 1 0 0 10 1 1 1 01 0 0 0 11 0 1 1 01 1 0 1 01 1 1 1 1

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the FULL ADDER Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 02 A Date:

HALF SUBTRACTOR

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for HALF SUBTRACTOR.

PROGRAM:

module halfsub2(i0, i1, bor, dif);

input i0;

input i1;

output bor;

output dif;

wire i0n;

not(i0n,i0);

xor(dif,i0,i1);

and(bor,i0n,i1);

endmodule

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

Input1 Input2 Borrow Difference0 0 0 00 1 1 11 0 0 11 1 0 0

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the HALF SUBTRACTOR Circuit was designed and verified.EX. NO: 02 B Date:

FULL SUBTRACTOR

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for FULL SUBTRACTOR.

PROGRAM:

Module Full sub (b_in, i0, i1, dif, b_out);

input b_in;

input i0;

input i1;

output dif;

output b_out;

assign {b_out,dif}=i0-i1-b_in;

end module;

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

B_IN i1 i0 B_OUT DIFF0 0 0 0 00 0 1 0 10 1 0 1 10 1 1 0 01 0 0 1 11 0 1 0 01 1 0 1 01 1 1 1 1

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the FULL SUBTARCTOR Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 03 Date:

MULTIPLEXER

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for MULTIPLEXER.

PROGRAM:

module Mux(i0, i1, i2, i3, s0, s1, out);

input i0;

input i1;

input i2;

input i3;

input s0;

input s1;

output out;

wire s1n,s0n;

wire y0,y1,y2,y3;

not (s1n,s1);

not (s0n,s0);

and (y0,i0,s1n,s0n);

and (y1,i1,s1n,s0);

and (y2,i2,s1,s0n);

and (y3,i3,s1,s0);

or (out,y0,y1,y2,y3);

end module;

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

S0 S1 OUTPUT

0 0 10 1 11 0 01 1 1

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the MULTIPLEXER Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 04 Date:

DEMULTIPLUXER

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for DEMULTIPLEXER.

PROGRAM:

module Demux(in, s0, s1, out0, out1, out2, out3);

input in;

input s0;

input s1;

output out0;

output out1;

output out2;

output out3;

wire s0n,s1n;

not(s0n,s0);

not(s1n,s1);

and (out0,in,s1n,s0n);

and (out1,in,s1n,s0);

and (out2,in,s1,s0n);

and (out3,in,s1,s0);

endmodule;

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

s0 s1 out0 out1 out2 out30 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 0 1 11 0 1 1 0 11 1 1 1 1 0

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the DEMULTIPLEXER Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 05 Date:

D-FLIP FLOP

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for D-FLIP FLOP.

PROGRAM:

module dff(clock, reset, d, q);

input clock;

input reset;

input d;

output q;

reg q;

always @(posedge clock or negedge reset)

if(~reset)q=0;

else q=d;

endmodule

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

CLOCK RESET INPUT (D) OUTPUT Q(~Q)

0 0 0 0(1)

1 0 0 0(1)

0 0 1 0(1)

1 0 1 0(1)

0 0 0 0(1)

1 0 0 0(1)

0 1 1 0(1)

1 1 1 1(0)

0 1 0 1(0)

1 1 0 0(1)

0 1 1 0(1)

1 1 1 1(0)

0 0 0 0(1)

1 0 0 0(1)

0 0 0 0(1)

RESULT:

Thus the D-FLIP FLOP Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 06 Date:

T-FLIP FLOP

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for T-FLIP FLOP.

PROGRAM:

module Tff(Clock, Reset, t, q);

input Clock;

input Reset;

input t;

output q;

reg q;

always@(posedge Clock , negedge Reset)

if(~Reset) q=0;

else if (t) q=~q;

else q=q;

endmodule

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

CLOCK RESET Q(~Q) INPUT (T) OUTPUT

0 0 0 0(1)1 0 0 0(1)0 0 1 0(1)1 0 1 0(1)0 0 0 0(1)1 0 0 0(1)0 1 1 0(1)1 1 1 1(0)0 1 0 1(0)1 1 0 1(0)0 1 1 1(0)1 1 1 0(1)0 0 0 0(1)1 0 0 0(1)0 0 0 0(1)

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the T-FLIP FLOP Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 07 Date:

JK-FLIP FLOP

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for JK-FLIP FLOP.

PROGRAM:

module JKff(Clock , Reset, j, k, q);

input Clock ;

input Reset;

input j;

input k;

output q;

reg q;

always@(posedge Clock, negedge Reset)

if(~Reset)q=0;

else

begin

case({j,k})

2'b00: q=q;

2'b01: q=0;

2'b10: q=1;

2'b11: q=~q;

endcase

end

endmodule

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

CLOCK RESET INPUT (JK) OUTPUT q(~q)

0 0 00 0(1)1 0 00 0(1)

0 0 01 0(1)1 0 01 0(1)0 0 10 0(1)1 0 10 0(1)0 0 11 0(1)1 0 11 0(1)0 1 00 0(1)1 1 00 0(1)0 1 01 0(1)1 1 01 0(1)0 1 10 0(1)1 1 10 1(0)0 1 11 1(0)1 1 11 0(1)0 0 00 0(1)1 0 00 0(1)0 0 00 0(1)

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the JK-FLIP FLOP Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 08 Date:

ENCODER

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for ENCODER.

PROGRAM:

module Encode(i0, i1, i2, i3, out0, out1);

input i0;

input i1;

input i2;

input i3;

output out0;

output out1;

reg out0,out1;

always @(i0,i1,i2,i3)

case({i0,i1,i2,i3})

4'b1000:{out0,out1}=2'b00;

4'b0100:{out0,out1}=2'b01;

4'b0010:{out0,out1}=2'b10;

4'b0001:{out0,out1}=2'b11;

endcase

endmodule

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

I0 I1 I2 I3 Out0 Out11 0 0 0 0 00 1 0 0 0 10 0 1 0 1 00 0 0 1 1 1

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the ENCODER Circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 09 Date:

DECODER

AIM:

To Write a Program in Verilog HDL for DECODER.

PROGRAM:

module Decode(i0, i1, out0, out1, out2, out3);

input i0;

input i1;

output out0;

output out1;

output out2;

output out3;

reg out0,out1,out2,out3;

always @(i0,i1)

case({i0,i1})

2'b00:{out0,out1,out2,out3}=4'b1000;

2'b01:{out0,out1,out2,out3}=4'b0100;

2'b10:{out0,out1,out2,out3}=4'b0010;

2'b11:{out0,out1,out2,out3}=4'b0001;

endcase

endmodule

OUTPUT:

TRUTH TABLE:

I0 I1 Out0 Out1 Out2 Out30 0 1 0 0 00 1 0 1 0 01 0 0 0 1 01 1 0 0 0 1

SIMULATION OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the DECODER Circuit was designed and verified.

VHDL

Expt. No. 1 A Date:

HALF ADDERSTRUCTURAL MODEL

AIM:

To write a program in VHDL for HALF ADDER.

PROGRAM:

library IEEE;use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_ARITH.ALL;use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;

entity haladdbe is Port ( a : in std_logic; b : in std_logic; s : out std_logic; c : out std_logic);end haladdbe;

architecture Behavioral of haladdbe is

begins<=(a xor b);c<=(a and b);

end Behavioral;

OUTPUT

RESULT:

Thus the HALF ADDER circuit was designed and verified.

Expt. No. 1B Date:

FULL ADDERSTRUCTURAL MODEL

AIM:

To write a program in VHDL for FULL ADDER.

PROGRAM:


entity full3 is Port ( a : in std_logic; b : in std_logic; c : in std_logic; s: out std_logic; Carry:out std_logic);end full3;

architecture Behavioral of full3 is

begin s<=(a xor b) xor c; carry<=(a and b) or (a and c) or (b and c); end Behavioral;

OUTPUT

RESULT:

Thus the FULL ADDER circuit was designed and verified.

Expt. No. 2 A Date:

HALF SUBTRACTORSTRUCTURAL MODEL

AIM:

To write a program in VHDL for HALF SUBTRACTOR.

PROGRAM:


entity hlfsub is Port ( a : in std_logic; b : in std_logic; y : out std_logic; x : out std_logic);end hlfsub;

architecture Behavioral of hlfsub is

begin y<= a xor b; x<= b and ( not(a));

end Behavioral;

OUTPUT

RESULT:

Thus the HALF SUBTRACTOR circuit was designed and verified.

Expt. No. 2 B Date:

FULL SUBTRACTORSTRUCTURAL MODEL

AIM:

To write a program in VHDL for FULL SUBTRACTOR.

PROGRAM:


entity fulsubbe is Port ( x : in std_logic; y : in std_logic; z : in std_logic; d : out std_logic; b : out std_logic);end fulsubbe;

architecture Behavioral of fulsubbe is

begind<=x xor y xor z;b<=(not(x) and y) or (y and z) or (z and (not(x)));

end Behavioral;

OUTPUT

RESULT:

Thus the FULL SUBTRACTOR circuit was designed and verified.

Expt. No. 5 Date:

MULTIPLEXERAIM:

To write a program in VHDL for MULTIPLEXER.

PROGRAM:


entity mux is Port ( a : in std_logic; b : in std_logic; c : in std_logic; d : in std_logic; s0 : in std_logic; s1 : in std_logic; q : out std_logic);end mux;

architecture Behavioral of mux is

beginprocess(s0,s1,a,b,c,d)beginif s0= '0' thenif s1= '0' thenq<=a;

elseq<=b;end if;end if;if s0='1' thenif s1='0' thenq<=c;else q<=d;end if;end if;end process;

end Behavioral;

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the MULTIPLEXER circuit was designed and verified.

Expt. No. 6 Date: 01/08/07

DEMULTIPLEXERAIM:

To write a program in VHDL for DEMULTIPLEXER.

PROGRAM:


entity demux is Port ( a : in std_logic; b : in std_logic; y0 : out std_logic; y1 : out std_logic; y2 : out std_logic; y3 : out std_logic);end demux;

architecture Behavioral of demux is

beginprocess(a,b)beginif a='0' then

if b='0' theny0<='0';y1<='1';y2<='1';y3<='1';elsey0<='1';y1<='0';y2<='1';y3<='1';end if;end if;if a='1' thenif b='0' theny0<='1';y1<='1';y2<='0';y3<='1';else

y0<='1';y1<='1';y2<='1';y3<='1';end if;end if;end process;

end Behavioral;

OUTPUT

RESULT:

Thus the DEMULTIPLEXER circuit was designed and verified.

Expt. No. 7 Date: 01/08/07

ENCODER

AIM:

To write a program in VHDL for ENCODER.

PROGRAM:


entity encoder is Port ( a : in std_logic; b : in std_logic; c : in std_logic; d : in std_logic; x : out std_logic; y : out std_logic);end encoder;

architecture Behavioral of encoder is

beginprocess(a,b,c,d)beginif a='0' thenif b='0' thenif c='0' thenif d='0' thenx<='0';y<='0';elsif d='1' thenx<='0';y<='1';elsif c='1' thenx<='1';y<='0';elsif b='1' thenx<='1';y<='1';end if;end if;end if;

end if;end process;

end Behavioral;

OUTPUT

RESULT:

Thus the ENCODER circuit was designed and verified.

Expt. No. 8 Date: 01/08/07

DECODER

AIM:

To write a program in VHDL for DECODER.

PROGRAM:


entity decoder is Port ( a : in std_logic;

b : in std_logic; d1 : out std_logic; d2 : out std_logic; d3 : out std_logic; d4 : out std_logic);end decoder;

architecture Behavioral of decoder is

beginprocess(a,b)beginif a='0' thenif b='0' thend1<='1';d2<='0';d3<='0';d4<='0';elsed1<='0';d2<='1';d3<='0';d4<='0';end if;end if;if a='1' thenif b='0' thend1<='0';

d2<='0';d3<='1';d4<='0';elsed1<='0';d2<='0';d3<='0';d4<='1';end if;end if;end process;

end Behavioral;

OUTPUT

RESULT:

Thus the DECODER circuit was designed and verified.

EX. NO: 01 Date:

PIC Microcontroller

Introduction:

PIC16F877A-I/P Microcontroller, 40 DIP, 20 MHz

High-Performance, Enhanced PIC Flash Microcontroller in 40-pin PDIP

The PIC16F877A CMOS FLASH-based 8-bit microcontroller is upward compatible with the PIC16C5x, PIC12Cxxx and PIC16C7x devices. It features 200 ns instruction execution, 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory, self programming, an ICD, 2 Comparators, 8 channels of 10-bit Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter, 2 capture/compare/PWM functions, a synchronous serial port that can be configured as either 3-wire SPI or 2-wire I2C bus, a USART, and a Parallel Slave Port.

Microchip PIC16F877A Microcontroller Features

High-Performance RISC CPU

• Lead-free; RoHS-compliant

• Operating speed: 20 MHz, 200 ns instruction cycle

• Operating voltage: 4.0-5.5V

• Industrial temperature range (-40° to +85°C)

• 15 Interrupt Sources

• 35 single-word instructions

• All single-cycle instructions except for program branches (two-cycle)

Special Microcontroller Features

• Flash Memory: 14.3 Kbytes (8192 words) • Data SRAM: 368 bytes • Data EEPROM: 256 bytes • Self-reprogrammable under software control • In-Circuit Serial Programming via two pins (5V) • Watchdog Timer with on-chip RC oscillator • Programmable code protection • Power-saving Sleep mode • Selectable oscillator options • In-Circuit Debug via two pins

This powerful (200 nanosecond instruction execution) yet easy-to-program (only 35 single word instructions) CMOS FLASH-based 8-bit microcontroller packs Microchip's powerful PIC® architecture into an 40- or 44-pin package and is upwards compatible with the PIC16C5X, PIC12CXXX and PIC16C7X devices. The PIC16F877A features 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory, self programming, an ICD, 2 Comparators, 8 channels of 10-bit Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter, 2

Features

2 PWM 10-bit256 Bytes EEPROM data memoryICD25mA sink/source per I/OSelf ProgrammingParallel Slave Port

capture/compare/PWM functions, the synchronous serial port can be configured as either 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI™) or the 2-wire Inter-Integrated Circuit (I²C™) bus and a Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART). All of these features make it ideal for more advanced level A/D applications in automotive,

industrial, appliances and consumer applications.

Peripheral Features

• 33 I/O pins; 5 I/O ports • Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit prescaler • Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler

o Can be incremented during Sleep via external crystal/clock • Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit period register, prescaler and postscaler • Two Capture, Compare, PWM modules

Parameter Name Value Program Memory Type Flash Program Memory (KB) 14 CPU Speed (MIPS) 5 RAM Bytes 368 Data EEPROM (bytes) 256 Digital Communication Peripherals

1-A/E/USART, 1-MSSP(SPI/I2C)

Capture/Compare/PWM Peripherals

2 CCP

Timers 2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit ADC 8 ch, 10-bit Comparators 2 Temperature Range (C) -40 to 125 Operating Voltage Range (V)

2 to 5.5

Pin Count 40

o 16-bit Capture input; max resolution 12.5 ns o 16-bit Compare; max resolution 200 ns o 10-bit PWM

• Synchronous Serial Port with two modes: o SPI Master o I2C Master and Slave

• USART/SCI with 9-bit address detection

• Parallel Slave Port (PSP) o 8 bits wide with external RD, WR and CS controls

• Brown-out detection circuitry for Brown-Out Reset

Analog Features

• 10-bit, 8-channel A/D Converter • Brown-Out Reset • Analog Comparator module

o 2 analog comparators o Programmable on-chip voltage reference module o Programmable input multiplexing from device inputs and internal VREF o Comparator outputs are externally accessible

Result:

Thus the Architecture of PIC Microcontroller has been studied

EX. NO: 02 Date:

LED Display

AIM:

To Write a Program to test the working of LED using CCS C compiler and Proteus Simulator.

PROGRAM:

#include <16F877a.h>

#include <string.h>

#use delay (clock=20000000)

#bit LED1=0x7.0

#bit LED2=0x7.1

Void main ()

{

set_tris_c(0x00);

LED1=LED2=1;

While (22)

{

LED2=LED1=0;

}

}

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the Program for working of LED is compiled and simulated using CCS C compiler and Proteus Simulator.

EX. NO: 03 Date:

A Design of DC Motor Controller

AIM:

To write a program for rotation of DC 12V Motor in forward and reverse direction using CCS C compiler and Proteus Simulator.

PROGRAM:

#include<16F877A.h>

#include<string.h>

#fuses NOWDT,PUT,HS,NOPROTECT

#use delay(clock=20000000)

#define m1f PIN_A2

#define m1r PIN_A5

unsigned int i,temp;

void main()

{

set_tris_a(0x00);

while(1)

{

output_low(m1f);

output_high(m1r);

delay_ms(1000);

output_high(m1f);

output_low(m1r);

delay_ms(1000);

}}

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the Program for rotation of DC 12V Motor in forward and reverse direction is compiled and simulated using CCS C compiler and Proteus Simulator.

EX. NO: Date:

Interfacing to LCD Display

AIM:

To write a program for LCD Display using CCS C compiler and Proteus Simulator.

PROGRAM:

#include<16f877a.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include<ctype.h>


#fuses HS,NOWDT,NOPROTECT,NOBROWNOUT,PUT,NOLVP

#define dispfunc 0x38

#define dispccurr 0x0c

#define blkoff 0x06

#define selrow1 0x80

#define selrow2 0xc0

#define dispclear 0x01

#define RS PIN_B7

#define E PIN_B6

void command(unsigned char);

void display(unsigned char);

void disp_init(void);

void clr(unsigned char,unsigned char,unsigned char);

unsigned char adc();

unsigned char abc0, abc1,adcval_p;

unsigned char p,a,c,d,b,ii,t,cc;

unsigned char k=0;

static unsigned char temp1,temp2;

static unsigned char temp3,temp4;

void command(unsigned char dat)

{

unsigned char i;

output_c(dat);

for(i=0;i<255;i++);

output_low(RS);

for(i=0;i<255;i++);

output_high(E);

for(i=0;i<255;i++);

output_low(E);

}

void display(unsigned char x)

{

unsigned char i;

output_c(x);

for(i=0;i<255;i++);

output_high(RS);

for(i=0;i<255;i++);

output_high(E);

for(i=0;i<255;i++);

output_low(E);

}

void disp_init(void)

{

command(dispfunc);

command(dispccurr);

command(blkoff);

command(dispclear);

command(selrow2);

command(dispclear);

}

void main()

{

unsigned char k=0,val2;

unsigned int out1,out2,out,a,b;

char temp;

char temp4;

set_tris_c(0x00);

set_tris_e(0x00);

set_tris_b(0xf1);

output_low(RS);

output_low(E);

disp_init();

command(0X01);

command(0X80);

delay_ms(500);

printf(display,"Dr. M.G.R UNIVERSITY");

}

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the Program for LCD Display is compiled and Simulated using CCS C compiler and Proteus Simulator.

EX. NO: Date:

RS-232

AIM:

To write a program for sending data from PIC to PC through RS232 using CCS C compiler and Proteus Simulator.

PROGRAM:

#include<16f877a.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include<ctype.h>


#use rs232(baud=9600, xmit=PIN_c6, rcv=PIN_c7,stream=com_1)

#fuses HS,NOWDT,NOPROTECT,NOBROWNOUT,PUT,NOLVP

void clr(unsigned char,unsigned char,unsigned char);

void get();

unsigned char adc0();

static unsigned char temp0,temp1,t1;

unsigned char adc0(void)

{ unsigned char temp0;

set_adc_channel(0); delay_ms(10);

temp0 = read_adc(); delay_ms(10);

return temp0; }

void main(){

setup_adc_ports(A_ANALOG);

setup_adc(ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL);

setup_counters(RTCC_INTERNAL,RTCC_DIV_1);

while(1) {

t1=adc0();

fputc('A',com_1); delay_ms(5000);

}}

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

Thus the Program for sending data from PIC to PC through RS232 is compiled and Simulated using CCS C compiler and Proteus Simulator.

Documents

50942274 VLSI Lab Manual