1 Mainstreaming in Planning & Development Division and Departments Project Supported by: Gender

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Mainstreaming

in Planning & Development Division and

Departments ProjectSupported by:

Gender

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Project: Gender Mainstreaming Department: Planning and Development Division & Departments

NORADUS$ 0.3M

CIDAUS$ 1.5M

Donors Share

Project Cost: US$ 4.5M

Peshawar

Gilgit

Muzaffarabad

Quetta

Lahore

Karachi

PROJECT LOCATIONS

Project Locations: Islamabad, Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar, Quetta, Gilgit, Muzafarabad

Head Office: Islamabad

Project Duration: 3 Years

Project Scope

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About Gender Mainstreaming ProjectIn Planning & Development Division and Departments Project

iFormulation

iiImplementation

iiiMonitoring

ivEvaluation

“Build the capacity of the government officials to

mainstream gender in the…

…of government policies, plans, programme and project in

all areas of development”.

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Project Objectives

Gender sensitization of senior and mid-level planning and development (P&D) officials at the federal, provincial and district levels.

Developing capacity for gender analysis, planning, monitoring and evaluation.

Establishing gender disaggregated databases using information and communication technology skills and competencies.

Establishing knowledge based networking, e-forums, and a community of gender mainstreaming practitioners.

Developing institutional mechanisms and procedures for systematic gender mainstreaming and accountability in government.

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Capacity Development thru

Gender Mainstreaming Project

A high priority of the Project is to raise the awareness of senior officials and policy makers of the government. The training comprises of four categories, each with defined target group as follows:

• senior government • professional civil

servants working in the top tiers of government

• legislators• managers and data

managers

Type Type of Trai ning Duration Target Group

S1 Gender Sensitization day Senior Government Managers

S2 Gender Sensitization 1 day Professional Civil Servants

S3 Advocacy/Sensitization 1 day Legislators

S4 Sensitization 1 day Data Managers

T1 Gender Analysis 2 days Senior Mid-level advisory staff

T2 Gender Analysis 2 weeks Officers dealing with basic level project proposal/programme

C1 Computer Skills 4 days Senior-mid level supervisory staff

C2 Computer Skills 5 days Officers dealing with basic level project proposal/programme

C3 Website development 1-1/2 day

Selected Federal and Provincial Officers

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Projects Supported by GSP

Gender Mainstreaming

in PDDD

Contribute to

povert y eradication

efforts through gender

responsive governance and a

o rights-based appr ach to

sustainable human development

Women Access to Capital & Technology

Institutional Strengthening of the NC on the Status of Women

Gender Responsive Budgeting Initiative

Gender Justice through Musalihat

Anjuman

Working Towards Achieving the National

and International commitments on

Gender and Poverty Issues

Women Political School

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Overview of Gender Support Programme

Political ParticipationWomen’s Political School, MoWD (mega

intervention to make women councilors and local government more effective).

Interventions – providing ToT, training 36000 councilors, building support link.,

sharing info. and institutional strengthening.

Institutional Strengtheningof NCSW Gender Responsive Budgeting, MoFGender Mainstreaming in the Planning Process, P&DD Achieving National & Int’l Commitments on Gender & Poverty Issues, MoWD

Economic EmpowermentWomen’s Access to Capital and

Technology (WACT). Enhance economic status of urban and rural women through

credit, promoting small and medium entrepreneurship, building capacity,

facilitating ICT solutions and networking.

Enabling Social EnvironmentGender Justice through Musahilat Anjuman (MA). Interventions – build capacity of MA members, enhance public engagement, promote women’s awareness of their rights, utilize services of the MA.

Contribute to poverty eradication efforts through gender responsive governance

and a rights-based approach to sustainable human development

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1

Introduction

Session

9

Introductions

Icebreaker

Norms

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To clarify gender concepts and provide policy makers with a rationale as to why gender should be mainstreamed in policies, programmes and projects

To build some basic skills for gender integration in policies, programmes and projects, and to identify ways to take forward the gender agenda;

To identify ways to take forward the gender agenda.

Overall Discussion Objectives

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AgendaSession

# Session Title

0 Inauguration

1 Introduction

2 Why Gender Matters for Development Professionals

3 Mainstreaming Gender in Policies, Programs & Projects

4 Applying Concepts, Sharpening Skills

5 Taking Forward the Gender Agenda

Vote of Thanks

12

“Life is a do-it-yourself

project”Your life today is the

reflection of your attitudes and choices in the past.

Your life tomorrow will be the result.

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2

Why Gender Matters forPolicy Makers

Session

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• Every 20 minutes a woman dies …. from preventable complications of pregnancy and child birth

• More women die of communicable diseases than men.

• The infant mortality rate from 1995 to 2000 was 98 for girls and 93 for boys per 1,000 births.

• The literacy rate for women (39%) is nearly half that of men ( 63%).

• The sex difference in child mortality is one of the highest in the world, with death rates for girls aged 1-4 years being 66% higher than for boys in the same age group.

• Pakistan is one of the few countries in the world in which men outnumber women in the population and women have a lower life expectancy than men.

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At the bottom of the pile…

• UNDP’s Gender Development Index (GDI), Pakistan ranks 120th out of 144 countries (it is below both India and Bangladesh)

• The Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) it ranks 64th out of 78 countries

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International Commitments

• MDGs – Millennium Development Goals (MDGs, 2000)

• CEDAW – in force on September 3, 1981 Pakistan ratified in 1996

Major Initiatives

• GRAPs – National and Provincial GRAPs (2004)

• Decentralization Support Program - TA2

• GSP - Gender Support Programme (2003-2008)

Overview of GoP Commitments

National Commitments

• MTDF – Mid Term Development Framework (2005-10)

• NPA – by Ministry of Women and Development, September 1998.

• NPDEW – by Ministry of Women and Development, 2002

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WHY Do the Disparities

Persist?

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Case Studies1 2

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Gender-Blind Development

• Renovation of water courses in Mardan• Aga Khan Education Services (AKES) in

the Northern Areas • Water supply scheme in Balochistan• Sindh’s education policy for rural areas • A rice research project in Punjab

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Gender refers to the economic, social and cultural attributes and opportunities associated with being a man or a woman in a given society.

Unpacking Gender

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Fearless Weak

Smoke Beautiful

Physically strong Short

Grow beard Bear children

Economically independent Economically dependent

Hoarse and manly voice Sweet and melodious voice

Tall Long hair

Short hair Breast feeding

Aggessive Cook

Adventurous Caring

Loud and forceful Obedient

Hard-hearted Compromising

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Fearless Weak

Smoke Beautiful

Physically strong Short

Grow beard Bear children

Economically independent Economically dependent

Hoarse and manly voice Sweet and melodious voice

Tall Long hair

Short hair Breast feeding

Aggessive Cook

Adventurous Caring

Loud and forceful Obedient

Hard-hearted Compromising

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Society is Organized Around…..

Reproductive Activities (“INSIDE”): Recognized as

‘Natural’

Productive Activities (“OUTSIDE”): Recognized as

‘Work’

Community Managing Activities (“INSIDE/OUTSIDE”):

Recognized as ‘Natural

Community Politics Activities (“Outside”): Recognized as

‘Work’

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SEX GENDER

Biological Determined

Given

Unchanging

Universal

Social Construct

Learnt

Dynamic

Differs

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Engendering Development Means Recognizing….

• Women and men often have different needs and priorities due to their different status and roles in society

• Development interventions have to be based on an understanding of gender roles

• Women and their needs and priorities have to be given as much importance as those of men

• Only then is humane, just and sustainable development possible

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What are Gender Issues?

When gender roles result in:

• invisibility of either gender

• unequal burdens of work

• unequal result in access to resources

• unequal benefits and/or control of resources

?

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Message for Policy

Development Professionals

Resources and facilities usually

benefit those who are best placed to

exploit them.

Although development interventions claim to be neutral, it tends to benefit those who are:

• better off• educated• well-informed• more accessible• having greater access

All of the above are more likely to be men than women

An unconscious bias against the disadvantaged,

especially against women

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When water flows it takes the path of least resistance ….similarly to whom resources will flow is determined by

our values, beliefs and commitments

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3

Gender Mainstreaming in Policies, Programs &

Projects

Session

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How can policy makers & planners

ensure that the needs and

expectations of all members of society are met equitably?

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Understanding Gender Mainstreaming

“ …the process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned action, including legislation, policies or programs, in all areas and at all levels. It is a strategy for making women’s as well as men’s concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programs in all political, economic, and societal spheres so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated.”

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Gender Mainstreaming in Policies, Programs and Projects

Situation Assessment & Analysis

Project Implementation

Project Goals/Objectives, Strategy &

Project Management

Monitoring / Evaluation

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Gender Mainstreaming in …




Project Management


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Situation Assessment and

Analysis

Were gender disaggregated data and gender analysis used in the

background and justification of the policy, program or project?

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Story behind

the Numbers

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1. Once upon a time the sex-disaggregated data for a National TB Program

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

MaleFemale

Conclusion?Action?

Case Study

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The question you did not ask:

Do these differences in notification rates reflect a true difference in TB incidence for women and men?

Need for gender statistics

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3. Gender statistics were collected, followed

by gender analysis and gender-related issues emerged as follows:

• Differences in clinical symptoms in women and men:

• Sputum test regime: women tend not to come back to

the clinic to complete their sputum test

• Quality of sputum produced by men and women

• Understanding of and belief about TB

• Health-care seeking behavior and TB diagnosis

• Compliance with treatment and recovery after

treatment.

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Information is Power

1. Obtain Sex-Disaggregated Data 2. Obtain Gender Statistics Reveals if there are differences

between women and men, boys and girls on a specific issue.

Information/data on specific issues where a gender disparity is known to

exist.

3. Probe for Gender Analytical Information The results of gender analysis – provides information about what the cause of the difference is, and how to

address it.

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Project Goals/Objectives, Strategy

& Project Management


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Project Goals/Objectives,

Strategy and Project

Management

Are the needs of both women and men reflected in the goals, objectives and strategies of the Project?

Is there a clear policy for mainstreaming women?

Has appropriate budgeting been assigned for sufficient for the development of both men and women?

Does the strategy consider men’s and women’s practical and strategic gender needs?

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Project Management


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Will both men and women participate in the implementation?

Are those who will implement the Program or Project gender aware?

Has adequate and appropriate resources been aligned to work with both men and women?

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Project Management


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Monitoring/Evaluation Does the monitoring and evaluation

strategy have a gender perspective?

Do the indicators measure the gender dimension of each objective?

Have appropriate methods and resources been assigned to obtain information from both gender?

Is there provision for a communication strategy?

Does the project redress a previous unequal sharing?

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Government Officials Must Not Assume

It means that all government officials…… at all levels, no longer simply assume that either gender (especially women) will automatically benefit from a proposed policy or program. Rather, it is consciously thinking about how this will happen.

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4

Applying Concepts,Sharpening Skills

Session

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A Collection of Case Studies

1.Disaggregating

Gender Terms

5.Practical and

StrategicGenderNeeds

3.Spending

Preferences

4. Community

Data

2.Time-Use

Study

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1.Disaggregating

Gender Terms

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2.Time Use

Study

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3.Spending

Preferences

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4.Community

Data

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

EastWestNorth

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5.Practical &

Strategic Gender Needs

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5Taking Forward the Gender Agenda …..

Session

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Gender Mainstreaming … What Does it Need?

Strengthened Processes by

Mainstreaming in Policy,

Programme or Project

Document

Internal Commitment from Senior Most

Leadership

Support from

Experts

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Feedback

Excellent

Worthwhile

Confusing

Terrible

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Feedback• Q.1. How would you rate the following sessions? (tick your

feedback)

• Q.2 Please inform us of those aspects of the session that you found most useful (e.g. contents, concepts, use of case studies, participatory aspect of the event, material, etc).

• Q.3 Please identify one step that you would like to take in order to mainstream gender in your organization’s policy, programme or planning processes.

• Q.4 What support could the Gender Mainstreaming Project extend to your organization with regard to mainstreaming gender?

Documents

1 Mainstreaming in Planning & Development Division and Departments Project Supported by: Gender