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JP9702012JAERI-Tech--96-043
VOL 2 8 IB 1 ,1
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This report is issued irregularly.Inquiries about availability of the reports should be addressed to Research
Information Division, Department of Intellectual Resources, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-11, Japan.
©Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1996
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JAERI-Tech 96-043
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(1)
JAERI-Tech 96-043
Study of Column Construction and Tritium Inventory of Cryogenic Distillation Columns
for Tritium Plant of a fusion reactor
Yasunori IWAI, Toshihiko YAMANISHI and Kenji OKUNO
Department of Fusion Engineering Research Naka Fusion Research Establishment
Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Naka-machi, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken
(Received September 20, 1996)
Cryogenic distillation column system is believed to be best for large throughput of hydrogen isotope separation. The major disadvantage of the system is a large tritium inventory in liquid phase. From a viewpoint of safety of a fusion reactor, it is important to establish the design method of minimized the tritium inventory. Anumerical study to investigate the possible design improvement to reduce inventory while maintaining separation performance was conducted. The design conditions are based on ITER DDD report, and details are as follows, 1)Exhaust stream with less than 50 Ci/y loss of tritium, 2)99.9% purity D2, and 3)90% purity T2. 4) total inventory with less than lOOg. In the design of ITER to process 32 mol/hr, 4 columns (3 of 4 columns make closed loop) are best and total inventory is 94g. Particularly recent design of ITER to process 320 mol/hr requires additional efforts to minimize the inventory. The simulation also suggests it is effective to reduce inventory to draw two different purity product streams.
Keyword:Fusion Reactor, Tritium Inventory, Cryogenic Distillation, Tritium, Isotope Separation, Stage Model, Newton Raphson
(2)
JAERI-Tech 96-043
B
1. # C & 12. -> ^ jl u — > 3 y ..................................................................................................................... 3
3. 73. 1 ..................................................................................................................... 73.2 73.3 .................................................................................................................... 8
3.4 f&it-yi/KTyyo##:.......................................................................................... 83.5 h V if* ? A ^ y /< y h V ™ 0ltS............................................................................................. 9
3.6 ^y<yhv&4>%<faz3;............................................................................... 93.7 a yX y............................................................................................................ 10
3.8 a h V f- 0 ...................................................................................... 10
3. 9 #&#+*##.................................................................................................................................... 10
4. 184.1 y^y h V-OUto..................................................................... 18
4.2 is4.3 ETM y^y hj -tmTzmm®.............................................................. 19
5. 29................................................................................................................................... 31
(3)
JAERI-Tech 96-043
Contents
1. Introduction ............................................................ 12. Mathematical Simulation Procedure ...................................... 33. Investigation of Column Construction and Calculation Result ............ 7
3.1 Design Condition ...................................................... 73.2 Investigation of Column Construction ................................ 73.3 Equilibrium Reactor ................................................. 83.4 Liquid Holdup Calculation ........................................... 83.5 Tritium Inventory Calculation ...................................... 93.6 Invention of Column for Low Tritium Inventory ....................... 93.7 Condenser Load Calculation ..........................................103.8 Calculation of the Release Amount of Tritium • •'.......................103.9 Calculation Result ................................................. 10
4. Calculation for the Latest Condition .................................... 184.1 Purity and Tritium Inventory ........................................ 184.2 Best Column Construction for Low Purity............................. 184.3 Column Construction with Low Tritium Inventory and High Purity...... 19
5. Conclusion................................................................29References................................................................... 31
(4)
JAERI-Tech 96-043
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11
Table 1
Flow Rate H2 HD HT 02 DT 72[mol / h]
TKMSt^ 785 9.5877E-1 4.0691E-2 4.9689E-5 4.8930E-4 1.2616E-6 8.3434E-10
-f=j y)j v Js 100 9.8840E-1 2.1780E-4 2.6749E-3 5.03527E-78.1194E-5 8.6219E-3
NBI 60 4.9070E-103.9991E-5 3.6406E-9 9.9976E-1 1.9996E-4 1.0469E-8
32 1.2740E-2 9.1869E-2 8.2650E-2 2.0323E-1 4.0168E-1 2.0784E-1
•ITER DESIGN DESCRIPTION DOCUMENT TRITIUM PLANT(WBS3.2){C$-d <
JAER
I-Tech 96-043
JAERI-Tech 96-043
Table 2
a,- b;T
Isotopea
(mol /m3)b
( mol /m3 K 2)Upper
Temperature(K)
eH2 40860 14.03 24
nH2 41060 14.19 24
HD 44690 13.93 25
HT 46150 13.56 26
D2 47780 13.15 28
DT 49480 13.30 28
T2 51050 13.45 28
J±Sft : P.C.Souers,: "Hydrogen Properties for Fusion Energy", Barkley,Uni.of California Press,1986;p61.
13
JAERI-Tech 96-043
Table 3 mnMM® 3-> ? Jl t°
h* = uS'T + v,"T2 + wj'T3
Isotopeu
( J /mol K )V
(J/mol K2)w
(J /mol K3)
H2 -4.99084 1.05635 -0.0142877
HD -4.86434 0.987180 -0.0105271
HT -6.02617 1.07677 -0.0115932
D2 -4.58840 1.02080 -0.0135024
DT -11.3101 1.622254 -0.0212482
T2 -4.33305 0.991375 -0.0126421
iij jh : M.Kinoshita and Y Naruse JAERI-M 9238,(1980)
14
JAERI-Tech 96-043
Table 4 jgg)jL>^;l/b°
u';T + v,:f + w,:f
Isotopeu'
( J /mol K )v 1
(J /mol K2)w‘
(J /mol K3)
H2 24.8541 -5.99924 0.166775
HD 30.2796 -7.19218 0.191934
HT -140.901 6.09091 -0.0628662
D2 -164.891 7.28923 -0.0842047
DT -188.582 8.76987 -0.106162
T2 -198.758 9.03387 -0.111905
: M.Kinoshita and Y Naruse JAERI-M 9238,(1980)
15 —
JAERI-Tech 96-043
A
— 16
JAERI-Tech 96-043
28.36 Cl / year
855 mol 29.7mol / h
em785 mol / h
79 >7 y h«ki)
100 mol / h
Dftjg 99.996&±75®30mol / h
75.2mol / h85®55mol / h
300mol / h
55.3 mol / h
200mol
mmit4.7
120
40.1 mol / h
32 mol / h Txf h V “[g]
375.36
3.81cm
3.39 cm
140 mol / h 181.31
152.9218.38
89.7365.52
17.1 mol / h
5.25 cm
10.30 cm
2.0
80
4.93 cm
T*# 90.096
Fig. 4 :/5XvgE#X32mol /
— 17 —
JAERI-Tech 96-043
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JAERI-Tech 96-043
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— 19
Table5
Flow Rate [mol / h]
H2 HD HT D2 DT T2
785 9.5877E-1 4.0691E-2 4.9689E-5 4.8930E-4 1.2616E-6 8.3434E-1
-f=>y^rv 100 9.8840E-1 2.1780E-4 2.6749E-3 5.0352E-7 8.1194E-5 8.6219E-3
NBI 60 4.9070E-10 3.9991E-5 3.6406E-9 9.9976E-1 1.9996E-4 1.0469E-8
7° V X 7 320 1.1470E-2 2.3740E-2 3.3170E-3 2.8340E-1 3.8440E-1 2.9370E-1
•ITER DESIGN DESCRIPTION DOCUMENT TRITIUM PLANT(WBS3.2){I$o* <
JAER
I-Tech 96-043
H*9A*28.07 Ci / year
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118.64
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228.61
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554.44
57®785 mol / k
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100 mol/k
1.5
120ISOmol / k
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10.00 cm
SOOmol / kNBUt)40®60 mol / k
800 mol / k
7.5*®m100
70mol / k170mol / k 320 mol Z k
8.92 cm8.09 cm
SOOmol / k
Fig. 5 75 Xv##X320 mol / h-CT90%©#£-CDSfc*S**j£B
JAER
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JAERI-Tech 96-043
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JAERI-Tech 96-043
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JAERI-Tech 96-043
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JAERI- Tech 96-043
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JAERI-Tech 96-043
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35.70 86.97
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80 mol/k
T*j* 90.296
JAER
I- Tech 96-043
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D#® 99.996 £l±210 mol / k
105mol / k
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5.71cm
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JAER
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JAERI-Tech 96-043
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29 —
JAERI-Tech 96-043
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30
JAERI-Tech 96-043
1. ITER Design Description Document (DDD) Tritium Plant (WBS 3.2) 1996/6/14
mcsaf 6#% #±m%
3. yfvT!E^> : Private Communication , Japan Atomic Energy
Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-11 JAPAN.4. P.C.Souers:“ Hydrogen Properties for Fusion Energy ”,Barkley, Uni. of California
Press ,1986 ; p615. yfcTlE^> : Private Communication , Japan Atomic Energy Research
Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-11 JAPAN.
31 —
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* * avj N(=105dyn) kgf lbf E1 MPa( =10 bar) kgf/cm2 atm mmHg(Torr) Ibf/in 2( psi)
1 0.101972 0.224809 1 10.1972 9.86923 7.50062 x 103 145.038
9.80665 1 2.20462 ts 0.0980665 1 0.967841 735.559 14.2233
4.44822 0.453592 1 0.101325 1.03323 1 760 14.6959
to E 1 Pa-s(N-s/m2)= 10 P( f 7 x') (g/(cm-s)) 1.33322 x 10" 1.35951 x 10" 1.31579 x 10" 1 1.93368 x 10"
®)tt$ 1 m2/s= 104St( X b — 7 x ) (cm2/s) 6.89476 x 10" 7.03070 x 10" 6.80460 x 10" 51.7149 1
4vu*'
I
J( = 10’erg) kgf* m kW* h cal (If8/6) Btu ft • lbf eV 1 cal = 4.18605 J (It##)
1 0.101972 2.77778 x 10" 0.238889 9.47813 x 10" 0.737562 6.24150 x 10" = 4.184 J (m%%)
9.80665 1 2.72407 x 10" 2.34270 9.29487 x 10" 7.23301 6.12082 x 1019 = 4.1855 J (15 "O
ft$
3.6x10" 3.67098 x 105 1 8.59999 x 10s 3412.13 2.65522 x 10" 2.24694 x 10“ = 4.1868 J OFE^xia)
4.18605 0.426858 1.16279 x 10" 1 3.96759 x 10" 3.08747 2.61272 x 1019 ftW 1 PSm8 1055.06 107.586 2.93072 x 10" 252.042 1 778.172 6.58515 x 1021 = 75 kgf-m/s
1.35582 0.138255 3.76616 x 10" 0.323890 1.28506 x 10" 1 8.46233 x 10" = 735.499 W1.60218 x 10"9 1.63377 x 10"° 4.45050 x 10"6 3.82743 x 10"20 1.51857 x 10"2 1.18171 x 10"9 1
Wl Bq Ci m
m
Gy rad 1m
C/kg R 1¥
Sv remm 1 2.70270 x 10 " 1 100 1 3876 1 100
3.7 x 10“ 18
0.01 18
2.58 x 10" 18
0.01 1
(86% 12 8 26 Q#&)
