www.euronet.nl/users/sota/turkistan.htmwww.usembassy-china.org.cn/english/sandt/xjnotes.htmwww.uyghuramerican.orgwww.bizuyghur.comwww.utoledo.edu/~nlight/mainpage.htmwww.eastturkistan.com

http://freeud.tripod.com/cgi-bin/eudict.plwww.ccs.uky.edu/~rakhim/et.htmlwww.taklamakan.orgwww.uygur.orgwww.uyghurinfo.comwww.uyghurs.orgwww.uighur.co.ukwww.ozturkler.com/data_english/0007/0007_13.htmwww.uglychinese.org

www.future-china.org/spcl_rpt/uygr/uyghur.htmwww.wiu.edu/users/muawww.the_uighurs.tripod.comwww.uyghur-dic.orgwww.china.org.cn/e-groups/shaoshu/shao-2-uygur.htmwww.geocities.com/uighurlanguage

www.radicalparty.org/uighur/oetkur_umit.htmwww.doguturkistan.comhttp://murad.nease.netwww.uighur.jpwww.yuighur.comwww.uighur.narod.ruhttp://www.oqya.5u.comhttp://www.uyghur.nethttp://www.uyghuristan-informationcenter.org

Uyghur.com

Communicating

www.theuygur.comwww.urumqi.gov.cnwww.uygur.org/kivilcim/index.htmlwww.zarapxan.com

Ethnic Nationalism

Through the Internet

Cyber-separatism

• The Gladney paper you never saw...o “International campaigns for Uyghur rights and possible

independence have become increasingly vocal and well organized, especially on the internet.”

o “Supported largely by Uyghur émigrés who left China prior to the Communist takeover in 1949, these organizations maintain a plethora of websites and activities that take a primarily negative view of Chinese policies in the region.”

Separatism on the Virtual Frontier

• Uyghur websites can be divided into three main categorieso Informational and

political separatiasto Ethnic nationalist

www.eastturkistan.com

www.uygur.org

www.uyghurinfo.com

www.uyghurs.org

Ethnic Nationalism

• Maintaining links to other Uyghurso Some sites offer discussion boards in both

English and Uyghur for the émigrés www.uyghuramerican.org www.bizuyghur.com

• Spreading information on cultureo Sites devoted to Uyghur culture www.utoledo.edu/~nlight/mainpage.htm www.wiu.edu/users/mua

o Uyghur language dictionary projectswww.geocities.com/uighurlanguage www.uyghur-dic.org

This one’s goes to you, Uyghur

• The targeted audience of most of these sights are Uyghurs of the diaspora and anyone else who will listen

• But nobody’s writing to Uyghur o China’s strict censorship policy

Most outside Uyghur sites blocked (but not all) Sites inside not allowed to contain political or

religious content, strictly monitored

Internet Thought Police

• “China, hoping to control the political influence of overseas Uyghurs via Internet, has erected a firewall to prevent the Uyghurs in ‘Xinjiang’ from accessing the information on overseas websites. All the websites in Uyghur languages in ‘Xinjiang’ are required by the Chinese government to ban discussions on religion, politics, and Uyghur-Chinese related issues.”

www.theuygur.com/chinaandinternet.html

Internet Censorship

• The Internet has proven to be a powerful tool in organizing demonstrations within China

• Chinese government uses firewalls to block outside sites, holds ICPs responsible for their content within China and has arrested people for the ‘counter-revolutionary material they download

Turkestan Newsletter, www.euronet.nl/users/sota/turkistan.htm

accessible 4/29

US Embassy Xinjiang notes www.usembassy-china.org.cn/english/sandt/xjnotes.htm

accessible 4/30

Biz Uyghur www.bizuyghur.com inaccessible 4/30 Uyghur

Homepage of Nathan Light www.utoledo.edu/~nlight/mainpage.htm

inaccessible 4/30 German, English (limited)

East Turkestan National Congress www.eastturkistan.com

inaccessible 4/30

International Taklamakan HR Assc. www.taklamakan.org

accessible 4/30 (both main and uighur-l)

Uighur U.K. Association www.uighur.co.uk

accessible 4/30

Turkish Taran History www.ozturkler.com/data_english/0007/0007_13.htm

accessible 4/30 English, Turkish, Russian

Prospect Foundation www.future-china.org

accessible 4/30 Chinese, English

Dogu Turkistan www.doguturkistan.com

inaccessible 4/30 Uyghur

www.uighur.narod.ru accessible 5/1 Russian

Continuing research

• Most of the Uyghur websites are not active, some not having been updated for years

• Through censorship and accessibility barriers, it will remain difficult for Uyghurs in China to access outside sites

• Even if they wanted to access them, most are as propaganda-laden as the information coming from Beijing