INDEX

S.No

Content Pg. No

1. Certificate 12. Acknowledgement 23. Introduction 34. Need for water level

indicator4

5. Circuit Elements 56. Details of Components 67. Working Principle 78. Application 89. Advantages 910. Scope 1011. Circuit Diagram 1112. Project Images 1213. Bibliography 15

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTI would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to our teacher as well as our Principal Mr. Bhaskar Ganti who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic-” TO STUDY THE WORKING OF WATER LEVEL INDICATING SYSTEM” which also helped me in research and gain knowledge about many new things. Secondly, I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me in finalizing this project within limited time frame.

INTRODUCTIONThe Water Level Indicator employs a simple mechanism to detect and indicate the water level in an overhead tank or any other water container. The sensing is done by using 4 probes which are placed at 4 different levels on the tank walls(with probe 4 to probe 1 placed in increasing order of height, common probe(i.e. supply carrying probe) is placed at the bottom of the tank). The level 4 represents the “Tank Full” condition while Level 1 represents the “Empty Tank” condition.

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NEED FOR WATER LEVEL INDICATOR

To Overcome Overflow

Problems

To Prevent Wastage Of

Water

To Prevent Wastage Of

Energy

Attention And Observation

For Sustainable Use Of Water

And Judicious Use Of

Electricity

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CIRCUIT ELEMENTS 4 Transistor BC 548 6 Resistors 220 ohm LED Bulbs

• Red• Yellow• Green

Buzzer 9V Battery Battery Cap PCB Board Connecting Wires Soldering WiresSolder

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DETAILS OF COMPONENTS1)Resistance The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is a measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through that conductor. The inverse quantity is electrical conductance, the ease with which an electric current passes.

2)Light Emitting Diode (LED) A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a pn-junction diode, which emits light when activated. When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons.

3)Transistor A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit.

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WORKING PRINCIPLEThe operation of this project is very simple and can be understood easily. In our project “Water Level Indicating System” there are 4 main conditions:•There is no water available in the source tank.•Intermediate level i.e. tank is almost half filled.•There is ample amount of water available in the source tank i.e. tank is filled to ¾ of its capacity.•The water is about to overflow

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APPLICATION•Water level indicator is used in applications like storage tanks, boilers etc. to indicate level of water inside.•Can be used to measure underground storage of water•It is used to predict arrival of floods•It can be used to calculate incoming and outgoing water in large reservoirs•Automatic Water level Controller can be used in Hotels, Factories, Homes Apartments, Commercial Complexes, Drainage, etc..•Automatic water level controller will automatically START the pump as soon as the water level falls below the predetermined level and shall SWITCH OFF the pump set as soon as tank is full.•Fuel level indicator in vehicles.•Liquid level indicator in the huge containers in the companies.

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ADVANTAGES• The system easily indicates when water level is full in tank with beep.• Low Maintenance•Compact elegant design•Now no need to go on the roof to check water level.• Eco-Friendly•Alarms starts ringing as soon as tank becomes full•It ensures no overflows or dry running of pump there by saves electricity and water•Avoid seepage of roofs and walls due to overflowing tanks•Fully automation, saves man power•Consume very little electricity, ideal for continuous operation

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SCOPE•This circuit not only indicates the amount of water present in the overhead tank but also gives an alarm when the tank is full. This worthy device starts ringing as soon as the water tank becomes full. It helps to check overflow and wastage of water by warning the customer when the tank is about to brim. It also provides automatic control of pumps at a remote location.

Now no need to go on the roof to look the water level.

It shows the water level in your room like 1/4 tank, 1/2 tank, 3/4 tank and full tank.

Alarm starts ringing as soon as tank becomes full.

Suitable for every tank.

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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PROJECT IMAGES

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When there is no water in the tank

When the tank is filled 33%

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When the tank is filled 66%

When the tank is filled fully, the buzzer starts buzzing…

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

•NCERT Physics Class 12•Together With Lab Manual Physics-XII•Wikipedia•www.slideshare.com

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THANK YOU!!!