ORGAN DONATIONDR.R. RAJKUMAR M.D., D.M.

CONSULTANT MEDICAL ONCOLOGIST

MADURAI MEDICAL COLLEGE &

GOVT RAJAJI HOSPITAL

INSTRUCTIONS

This is our request to all of you that

1. Your mental presence is very much required

2. Please put your mobile off.3. No conversation during the

presentation. 4. Your questions will be answered after

the presentation.

QUESTIONS

What is organ donation?

Who can be an organ donor?

Does being an organ donor affect your treatment at the hospital?

Is it harder for families when a loved one is an organ donor?

How many people need organ donations?

ORGAN DONATION

What is Organ donation

Organ donation is the process of removing tissues or organs from a live, or recently dead, person to be used in another.

The former is the donor and the latter is the recipient.

People of all ages can become donors.

ORGAN DONATION

Type of donors

Some organs can be donated by a living person

Almost all organs can be donated by someone dead but this has to reach the recipient within a few hours after the donor's death.

In case of live donation the donor should give his consent .

In case of cadaver donation, relatives need to provide consent.

ORGAN DONATION

Voluntary Donation

Almost everywhere organ donation is voluntaryTwo voluntary systems include

1.Opt In - Where the donor gives consent

2.Opt Out - Where anyone who has not refused is considered as a donor

In India we have the Opt in system, while many western countries practice the opt out system

ORGAN DONATION

Organs for Donation

Some of the organs that are commonly donated -

• Eyes (cornea)

• Heart

• Lungs

• Liver

• Pancreas

• Kidneys

• Skin

ORGAN DONATIONOrgan shortage - reasons

Family consent, and negative attitude contribute towards organ shortage.

This could be due to the following reasons -

• Religion

• Fear, ignorance and misunderstanding

• Legal aspects

• Media reports on scandals involving organ rackets

ORGAN DONATION

Improving Organ Donation

Currently organ donation can be termed as a "crisis with a cure." The following are some ways to improve organ donation- • Improved patient care to facilitate easier approach for organ donation, in case of patient death

• Trained transplant co-ordinators and grief counsellors

• Improved hospital infrastructure

• Qualified Intensivists and Surgeons

ORGAN DONATION

Improving Organ Donation

Currently organ donation can be termed as a "crisis with a cure." The following are some ways to improve organ donation-

• Increased HLA typing and cross matching facilities

• Improved facilities in packing,transport and retrieval of organs

• Supporting organization for networking and registry maintenance

• Effective use of technology to facilitate organ donation

ORGAN DONATIONRole of society

Society plays a crucial role in transplant programme especially in case of cadaver transplants.

There is a urgent need for increased public awareness regarding organ donation and greater effort must be taken to dispel public concerns regarding the same.

Organ donation can give a new twist to tragedy. Remember "organs wasted are lives lost".

ORGAN DONATIONA GIFT OF LIFE

The Organ Shortage

• Each day, about 60 people around the world receive an organ transplant, while another 13 die due to non-availability of organs.

• Organ shortage — the main limitation to saving lives of critically ill patients — is due to individuals and their families not considering organ donation out of fear, ignorance or misunderstanding.

HISTORICAL ASPECTS – CADAVER TRANSPLANTATION - INDIA

1967 - First succeesful cadaver Kidney Transplant in India at KEM Hospital, Bombay

1994 - First successful heart transplant done at AIIMS, N.Delhi

1995 - First successful multi-organ transplant done at Apollo Hospital, Chennai

1998 – First Successful Lung transplant, Madras Medical Mission Hospital, Chennai

1999 – First Pancreas Transplant, Ahembdabad

THE TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN ORGANS ACT, 1994

Legalised Brain Death and removal of organs for therapeutic purposes.

Banned commercial trading of organs from living unrelated donors.

TYPES OF DONORS

Living Donors

Cadaver Donors

TYPES OF DEATH

Brain Death

Cardiac Death

CONDITIONS THAT PROGRESS TO

BRAIN DEATHLethal Head InjuryBrain Hemorrhage

Brain death is Irreversible Loss of Consciousness

Absence of Respiration

Flat EEG

Loss of Brain Stem Reflexes

Potential of Cadaver Organs per year from Accident Victims in

Mumbai

Accident Deaths

Brain Deaths

Kidneys Other Organs (Each)

0100200300400500600• Accident Deaths

• Brain Deaths• Kidneys• Other Organs (Each)

600150300100

How Can We Increase The Donors ?

Spreading awareness about Cadaver Organ Donation by initiating One to One and / or Group talks with ..• Schools• Colleges• Social Organisations like LIONS, ROTARY, Etc.• Hospital Staff

ALL RELIGIONS SUPPORTORGAN DONATION

RELIGION AND ORGAN DONATION

Common thread that binds all religions of the world – – Saving of life overrides all objections– There is no religions that is against organ donation – What holds back is cultural reservations, • Ignorance of the process of organ donation, • Fear of mutilation,• Lack of emotional support at time of tragedy, • Fear that organs will be sold or used only by the

rich• Mistrust of hospitals and health professionals • Myths.

ADVANTAGES OF CADAVER ORGAN DONOR TRANSPLANT

Offers Hope when Living Related Donor Not Suitable.

Recipient avoids psycho-social burden of living Donor.

Only chance of Life for Heart, Lungs, Liver, etc Patients.

Donor Families find Meaning in their Loss.

How Does One BecomeA Donor ?

Share Your Life…

Share Your Decision…

…Sign a Donor Card