SARDAR SAROVAR DAM

PRESENTATION PREPARED BY:- NIKUL R. GOPANI

SIR B.P.T.I COLLEGECIVIL ENGINEERING

GENERAL INFO:

The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a gravity dam on the Narmada river near Navagam, Gujarat in India.

It is the largest dam and part of the Narmada Valley Project, a large  Hydraulic engineering  project involving the Construction of a series of large irrigation  and Hydroelectric multi-purpose dams on the Narmada river.

History: The plan for harnessing the river for irrigation and

power generation in the Narmada basin was initiated in 1946. Seven projects including the Bharuch project were identified during the initial Survey and 4 projects Bharuch (Gujarat), Bargi, Tawa and Punasa in Madhya Pradesh were given top priority for investigation. After the completion of investigation, the proposed dam at Gora in Gujarat with the full reservoir level (FRL) 161 ft (49.08m) was selected and the foundation stone was laid by late Prime Minister, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru on 5th April, 1961.

PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT:

Gravity dam on Narmada river near Navgam, Gujarat Purpose-hydroelectricity and irrigation Aim-irrigate more than 18000 sq.km most of it drought

prone areas of Kutch and Saurashtra Total installed capacity - 1450 MW The project aims at supplying 3571 MLD of drinking water

(2900 MLD for domestic consumption & 671 MLD for industrial consumption) to 8215 villages & 135 towns in Gujarat

Aims to provide drinking water facilities to a population of about 13.71 lakh in 1107 villages & two town in Jallore & Barmer districts of Rajasthan.

PROJECT AT A GLANCE:

Main Dam - 1,210 m long, 163 m high from the deepest foundation level

Designed Live Storage Capacity of the Reservoir 5860 MCM (4.75 million acre feet)

Irrigation - 1.905 million Ha (1.8 million Hector in Gujarat benefitting 1 million farmers)

Drinking Water - 9633 villages and 131 towns (29 million people)

Hydropower - 1,450 MW installed capacity (1 billion kWh every year)

Canal Network - Approximately 75,000 km length within Gujarat

Benefits of Project:IRRIGATION

The Sardar Sarovar Project will provide irrigation facilities to 18.45 lac ha. of land, covering 3112 villages of 73 talukas in 15 districts of Gujarat. It will also irrigate 2,46,000 ha. of land in the strategic desert districts of Barmer and Jallore in Rajasthan and 37,500 ha.

DRINKING WATER SUPPLY

                                            

A special allocation of 0.86 MAF of water has been made to provide drinking water to 131 urban centres and 9633 villages (53% of total 18144 villages of Gujarat) within and out-side command in Gujarat for present population of 28 million and prospective population of over 40 million by the year 2021.

A special allocation of 0.86 MAF of water has been made to provide drinking water to 131 urban centres and 9633 villages (53% of total 18144 villages of Gujarat) within and out-side command in Gujarat for present population of 28 million and prospective population of over 40 million by the year 2021.

DRINKING WATER SUPPLY

POWER

There are two power houses viz. River Bed Power House and Canal Head Power House with an installed capacity of 1200 MW and 250 MW respectively. The power would be shared by three states - Madhya Pradesh - 57%, Maharashtra - 27% and Gujarat 16%.

It will also provide flood protection to riverine reaches measuring 30,000 ha. covering 210 villages and Bharuch city and a population of 4.0 lac in Gujarat

FLOOD PROTECTION

WILD LIFE

Wild life sanctuaries viz. "Shoolpaneshewar wild life sanctuary" on left Bank, Wild Ass Sanctuary in little Rann of Kachchh, Black Buck National Park at Velavadar, Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary in Kachchh, Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary and Alia Bet at the mouth of River will be benefited.

ADDITIONAL PRODUCTION SSP would generate electricity. On completion,

annual additional agricultural production would be Rs. 1600 crores, power generation and water supply Rs. 175 crores, aggregating about Rs. 2175 crores every year equivalent to about Rs. 6.0 crores a day.

The Narmada River & Basin: The Narmada, the largest west flowing river of the

Peninsula, rises near Amarkantak range of mountains in Madhya Pradesh. It is the fifth largest river in the country and the largest one in Gujarat. It traverses Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat and meets the Gulf of Cambay.

The total basin area of the river is 97,410 square kilometer comprising 85,858 square kilometer in Madhya Pradesh, 1658 square kilometer in Maharashtra and 9894 square kilometer in Gujarat.

Components of Project:

(A) SARDAR SAROVAR RESERVOIR (B) SARDAR SAROVAR DAM (C) HYDRO POWER (D) MAIN CANAL (E) CANAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS AND THEIR

OPERATIONS (F) COMMAND AREA DEVELOPMENT

COMPANY BACKGROUND: Narmada Control Authority (NCA) has been setup

under the final orders and decision of the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (NWDT)

The authority started functioning from 20th December, 1980

Secretary to the Govt. of India, Ministry of Water Resources-Chairman

All expenses of the authority shall be borne by the State Governments of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Rajasthan in equal shares

COST INCURRED DURING PROJECT:

Financial cost Projected cost: Rs. 6406.04 crores in 1986-87 Actual cost: Rs. 45673.86 crores ('Working Group on

Water Resources for the 11th Five Year Plan') Can go up by Rs. 70000 crores by 2012

Human Displacement Cost Project cost: Disbursement of land to affected families Monetary value - NIL Actual cost: Cash for Land suspended by NCA

Source: TISS report on Narmada dam

RECOVERY OF PROJECT:Promised to build 3200 dams along 1200 km Narmada river Irrigation Efficiency

Project documents to be 60% Domestic water usage

2.35 million people in 8235 villages in 135 towns Power Efficiency

100 MW powerhouse at dam and 250 MW powerhouse at canal

Tourism Facility Beneficiary Gujarat Govt

REVENUE: Accoding to Lahiri, Chairman, Sardar Sarovar

Narmada Nigam: daily revenue of 7 crore at Rs. 2 per unit

6 major dams and 20 medium dams are either ready or on the verge of completion.

Revenue through the means of tourism - GoG Exact figures unknown but hydroelectricity will be

major revenue generation means of the project

Solar Power Generation:

In 2011, the government of Gujarat announced plans to generate solar power by placing solar panels over the canal, making it beneficial for the surrounding villages to get power and also help to reduce the evaporation of water. The first phase consists of placing panels along a 25 km length of canal, with capacity for up to 25 MW of power.

LOCATION OF THE PROJECT:

“A sustainable water-state”where there is“water for all, water for ever and more crops per drop”

KALPSAR YOJNA

To store State's 25% average annual surface water resources by constructing 30 km long dam across the Gulf of Khambhat. This reservoir will store about 10,000 MCM of surface water and will be the the world’s largest fresh water reservoir in sea.

VISION AND PLANNING:

The Kalpsar Project envisages building a dam across the Gulf of Khambhat for establishing a huge fresh water reservoir for irrigation, drinking and industrial purpose. A 10 lane road link will also be set up over the dam, greatly reducing the distance between Saurashtra and South Gujarat.

GENERAL INFO:

 In the Gujarat State Gazette (Bhavnagar District)(1969), there is a mention about construction of 25 mile long earthen dam and ten thousand feet long waste weir to prevent sea tide water ingress and store rain water.

In 1975, Prof. E. M. Wilson of United Nation Mission presented a report to the Central Electricity Authority for construction of a dam between Ghogha and Dahej, with and without tidal power generation.

History:

In August 1988, the Central Electricity Authority suggested to Government of Gujarat to construct two separate basins for tidal power and fresh water storage.

In year 1988-89, M/s Haskoning of the Netherlands prepared a Reconnaissance Report of the Gulf of Khambhat Development Project with different dam alternatives.

In September 1986, the Central Design Organization (CDO) of Irrigation Department of Government of Gujarat prepared the design & estimate for constructing 46 km long dam to store 3377 MCM of water.

Benefits World’s largest man made fresh water reservoir in the  sea. Highest importance and priority to irrigation and drinking  water for

Saurashtra and Central Gujarat regions. The Reservoir will have the storage more than double the Sardar

Sarovar (Narmada Reservoir) capacity. 10.54 lakh ha land in 39 talukas of 6 districts of Saurashtra region

will get irrigation benefit facility including rejuvenation of rivers. More than 60 existing dams will get permanently filled up with water.

Wind and solar energy will be generated which can also be used for lifting fresh water from the reservoir to the canal.

Bhavnagar port will get revived which will result into speedy development of the region.

There will be large saving in travel time and fuel due to reduction in distance by about 200 km between Bhavnagar to Surat-Mumbai.

Saline ground water of coastal area of Saurashtra & Central Gujarat will get converted into fresh water with reduction in soil salinity.

Substaintial improvement in ground water quality as well as soil salinity of coastal area of Saurashtra & Central Gujarat.

About 2 lakh ha land along the periphery of the reservoir will be opened up for development towards value-based land utilization.

Enhanced benefit of world class industrial estate like Dahej and Dholera will be available to Bhavnagar/Saurashtra region.

LOCATION OF THE PROJECT:

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