Instruction vs Learning Instruction vs Learning

Instruction = arrangement of information and environment (place, methods, media and equipment) to facilitate learning

Learning = development of new knowledge, skills or attitudes as an individual interact with information

Insrtuctional DesignInsrtuctional Design

the practice of arranging media and content to help learners and teachers transfer knowledge most effectively

Media Methods

Media Methods

Methods

presentation forms eg. Lectures, discussions, demo, drill and practice, tutorials, gaming, simulations, discovery, problem solving, project groups

•A channel of ommunication Eg. Video,TV,diagrams,printed materials, Computers, instructors•to facilitate communications•must be a message to be communicated

Instructional Design ModelsInstructional Design Models

to design and develop the most appropriate learning environment for the students

ADDIE Model ASSURE Model Waterfall Model

place, methods,

media and equipment

ADDIE ModelADDIE Model Analysis

Problem definition Design

Design, structure, media types, technological issues

Development Based on budget, develop the project

Implementation Testing phase

Evaluation Users’ feedback on the project

Waterfall ModelWaterfall Model Analysis

System’s specification Design

System design (user interface, navigation, content design)

Implementation Implementation of design

Development & Integration Integration of all media

Testing & Evaluation Based on objective defined

Maintenance Fix bugs

ASSURE ModelASSURE Model

Origins of ASSUREOrigins of ASSURE

Classroom oriented model of instructional design.

Developed by Heinrich & Molenda in 1999

Works well with Gagne’s Events of Instruction.

The ASSURE ModelThe ASSURE Model

Analyze learners State objectives Select methods, media, and materials Utilize media and materials Require learner participation Evaluate and revise

Analyze LearnersAnalyze Learners Identify learners General

characteristics Specific entry

competencies Learning style

State ObjectivesState Objectives Be specific State terms of what

student will be able to do

Include conditions and degree of acceptable performance

Select Methods, Media, and Materials

Select Methods, Media, and Materials

Decide on appropriate method

Choose suitable format Select available

materials Modify existing

materials Design new materials

Utilize Media and MaterialsUtilize Media and Materials

Preview and practice Prepare class and

ready equipment Prepare learners Conduct instruction

Require Learner ParticipationRequire Learner Participation Active mental

engagement Allow learners to

practice Provide feedback

Evaluate and ReviseEvaluate and Revise Evaluate impact and

effectiveness Assess student

learning Revise wherever

there are discrepancies