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Pauline Fjelde
Norwegian artist, embroider and painter
1861-1923
By Svetlana Prosviryak [email protected]
Bio Data
1861 – born in Ålesund, Møre og
Romsdal county, Norway
1887 – immigrated with her family to the US
Family of artists
Jacob Fjelde
Sculptor
Pauline Fjelde
Paul Fjelde
Sculptor and educator
Rolf G. Fjelde
Playwright and poet
siblings
Early Life
the sixth child in the family
showed an early interest in drawing
and painting
her father was a furniture designer and
wood carver and set a high standard
of craftsmanship for his children
a crippling disease at the age of 12
which resulted in permanent curvature
The family began dividing in 1871
First job
Needlework instructor in Copenhagen
until1887
She stayed with her brother
Jacob, who studied there
Her sister Thomane also followed
them there
Moving to America
Lila Nelson in Norwegian
Textile Letter
Back to Europe
Aims:
To study weaving
To begin Arts and Crafts movement
among the Norwegian-American
To create a monument to American
Indians (based on the theme from Longfellow’s poem Hiawatha)
“Manufacture des Gobelins”
- A Tapestry
factory in Paris
• Pauline studied
gobelin weaving
there
Arts and Crafts Movement
1860 – 1910
International design movement
Stood for traditional craftsmanship
Simple forms
Anti-Industry: for hand-made
production
“This Society was incorporated for the purpose ofpromoting artistic work in all branches of handicraft. Ithopes to bring Designers and Workmen into mutuallyhelpful relations, and to encourage workmen toexecute designs of their own. It endeavors tostimulate in workmen an appreciation of the dignityand value of good design; to counteract the popularimpatience of Law and Form, and the desire for over-ornamentation and specious originality. It will insistupon the necessity of sobriety and restraint, orordered arrangement, of due regard for the relationbetween the form of an object and its use, and ofharmony and fitness in the decoration put upon it”.
William Morris,
the leader of Arts and Crafts movement
Pauline Fjelde within Arts and Crafts Movement Embroidery
Textile art
Gobelins
Daughters of Norway
Daughters of Norway
The organization first appeared in Washington in 1897 as a women’s lodge of The Sons of Norway
It incorporated all Norwegian immigrants in America
The meetings were held in Norwegian Pauline joined this organization in 1910
and took active part in promoting it During the World War I Pauline and her
sister joined the Red Cross and were helping people in occupied Norway via the DN’s network
“Daughters of Norway… This
organization is like a family to me. Far
from my homeland, I have only two
things to protect me from losing myself – my weaving and my friends in the
Daughters of Norway”
Pauline Fjelde, 1913
Nowadays, The Daughters of Norway
community still exists, and one of the
lodges in Minnesota is named after Pauline Fjelde
Emily Baker, in MINNpost
Pauline’s Legacy
Banners for Norwegian organizations
(including DN)
“Hiawatha” and “The Animal Kingdom”
tapestries
Minnesota flag
Works on display at the Minneapolis
Institute of the Arts
Permanent collection in Vesterheim
Norwegian-American Museum in Iowa
Paulina’s Works
Minnesota flag“Sisters Pauline and Thomane Fjelde, immigrants to Minnesota fromNorway and respected needleworkers, were contracted to producethe actual prototype flag. The Fjelde sisters did such a fine job of itthat the Minnesota flag earned a gold medal for embroidery at theChicago exposition”
Matt Anderson from Minnesota Historical Society
Resources used
A Forgotten Artist Remembered (an article by Lila Nelson in Norwegian Textile letter) http://www.placeography.org/images/0/06/Mdougla--nortl1104.pdf
MNHS website (Minnesota Historical Archive)http://discussions.mnhs.org/collections/2008/07/minnesotas-first-state-flag/
Minnesota Post Archive http://www.minnpost.com/community-voices/2011/05/state-flag-prototype-hiawatha-celebrating-pauline-fjelde-and-her-embroidery
Website of Vesterheim Museumhttp://collections.vesterheim.org/items/browse/3?collection=3