Materiality of Space - Sasana Kijang

S A S A N A K I J A N G

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE BUILDING AND DESIGN .BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN ARCHITECTUREBUILDING MATERIALS (BLD 60103) PROJECT 2 'MATERIALITY AND SPACE : AN EXPERIENTIAL EXPLORATION:

1, LEONG DARREN (0323645)2. LOW WING CHUN (0323315)3. DARREN TAN YONG TEE (0323398)

4, KYLA ELLANA BT. NAZRIN DIEGO (0322409)2. TUNG SIEW HUI (0323823)3. TAN KE WEH (0323799)

S A S A N A K I J A N GBANK NEGARA MALAYSIA, KUALA LUMPUR

TUTOR : MR AZIM SULAIMAN

BUILDING BACKGROUNDBANK NEGARA MALAYSIA COMMISSIONED THIS BUILDING TO HOUSE A

CENTRE FOR INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION IN THE FINANCIAL SECTOR

AS WELL AS A MUSEUM AND ART GALLERY. THE MAIN BUILDING, SASANA

KIJANG IS LOCATED ON JALAN DATO' ONN IN KUALA LUMPUR. THE MUSEUM

AND ART GALLERY IS HOUSED IN THE LEFT PORTION OF THE BUILDING AND

SPREADS OVER FOUR LEVELS WHERE DIFFERENT GALLERIES are LOCATED.

THE BUILDING'S 200 METER LONG FRONTAGE IS DIVIDED INTO THREE

LINKING PAVILIONS ON PILOTS AND A CENTRAL GRAND FOYER. IT'S

ORIENTATION OF THE BUILDING AND THE AMAZING FACADE ASSIST IN

NATURAL CLIMATE CONTROL.

THE FORM OF THE BUILDING TAKES ITSELf from the FORm OF A COWRIE

SHELL ; THE EARLIEST FORm OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN CURRENCY. A MAJOR

AND NOTABLE ARCHITECTURE ELEMENT IS THE NAUTILUS SHELL-SHAPED

STAIRCASE LOCATED AT THE MUSEUM.

WE DECIDED THAT THIS BUILDING WAS UNIQUE IN A WAY THAT YOU DO NOT

GET TO SEE SUCH MODERN DESIGNED BUILDING IN SUCH A LARGE SCALE IN

MALAYSIA, LET ALONE IN KUALA LUMPUR, HENCE IT HAD AN

ARCHITECTURE VALUE TOWARDS IT. WITH PERMISSION GIVEN BY THE BANK

NEGARA MALAYSIA, WE WERE ALLOWED TO CONDUCT OUR RESEARCH AT

THE MUSEUM AND ART GALLERY AREA. WE weRE RESTRICTED TO VISIT

THE OFFICE AND FINANCIAL SECTIONS DUE TO SECURITY REASONS.

HIJJAS BIN KASTURI IS AN ARCHITECT,

PLANNER AND PRINCIPAL DIRECTOR OF

HIJJAS KASTURI AND ASSOCIATES. BORN IN

SINGAPORE, HE IS CURRENTLY BASED IN

KUALA LUMPUR, WHERE HE IS DUBBED AS

'MALAYSIA FIRST ARCHITECT HERO' WHERE

HE DESIGNED AND CREATED SOME OF THE

MOST STRIKING UNIQUE BUILDINGS IN

KUALA LUMPUR'S SKYLINE, A GREAT EXAMPLE WOULD BE THE MENARA

TELEKOM TOWER LOCATED IN JALAN PANTAI BAHARU.ARCHITECTURE STYLE : MODERN, POST MODERN, DECONSTRUCTIVIST

S A S A N A K I J A N G

1 6 M AT E R I A L SARCHITECT BACKGROUND

TITANIUMPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESTitanium is a lightweight metal, 60% less gravity than steel, half ofcopper - imposing less burden on the structure, and permits ease offabrication. It is also corrosion resistant and has minimum thermalexpansion/contraction offering ease and freedom in design andexecution in long-term use. Morever, titanium has a high melting pointand has non -magnetic metal.SUITABILITY

Durable yet less expensive than other metals with excellent plasticity - easily molded into itsunique shape. It is light in weight, imposing less burden on the structure and is corrosionresistant making it suitable as a rainscreen protecting other materials from moisture damageAPPLICATION IN BUILDINGThe aesthetically pleasing exterior facade

PEWTERPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESPewter is at least 90% tin and contains lead is blueish in color

SUITABILITYPewter is suitable and unique for the design concept as it is one ofMalaysian famous productions.

APPLICATION IN BUILDING

It is not suitable for the spiral staircase because it is costly, and it needs to be handled withcare. Aesthetically wise, pewter offers a premium and unique look of beauty. It also requireslow maintenance because it is only needed to be wipe occasionally with damped cloth.

Pewter is used on the exterior of the spiral staircase

CROSS SECTION THROUGH MUSEUM ATRIUM

NORTH ELEVATION

GROUND FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR THIRD FLOOR

FIRST FLOOR

SCALE 1 : 1000PEWTER

LEVADIA BLACK MARBLE

GIALLO ANTICO MARBLE

CREMA MARFIL MARBLE

GALALA MARBLE

TITANIUM

HARDWOOD

LAMINATED WOOD

A

A1

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE BUILDING AND DESIGN .BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN ARCHITECTUREBUILDING MATERIALS (BLD 60103) PROJECT 2 'MATERIALITY AND SPACE : AN EXPERIENTIAL EXPLORATION:

1, LEONG DARREN (0323645)2. LOW WING CHUN (0323315)3. DARREN TAN YONG TEE (0323398)

4, KYLA ELLANA BT. NAZRIN DIEGO (0322409)2. TUNG SIEW HUI (0323823)3. TAN KE WEH (0323799)

TUTOR : MR AZIM SULAIMAN

TEMPERED GLASSPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESOnly considered as Tempered glass when there is a minimum of 69 megapascals(10,000 psi) compressive stress.. For it to be considered safety glass, the surfacecompressive stress should exceed 100 megapascals (15,000 psi). The shape of theglass can only be worked on before being tempered, this includes drilling of any holes.

SUITABILITYSuits the building design concept as glass is mainly used and gives aesthetic modern lookwithout compromising on the safety. However, it requires general maintenance such ascleaning and overlook on cracks or dents. General application for tempered glass is usedwithout a frame, therefore requires extra care on placement and installation.


PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESMade by sandwiching a layer of touch, transparent polyvinyl interlayer betweenseveral layers of glass.When glass is broken, the PVB layer retains the fragments of the glass.

SUITABILITYSuits the building design concept as glass is mainly used as a modern material andAesthetically the glass gives a very nice transparent look and modern feel withoutcompromising on the functionality. Moreover, glass is a bad conductor of heat and blocks


FROSTED GLASS

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESThe paste does not contain hydrofluoric acid or its derivatives.

Frosting process occurs 300’C.

The morphology of the surface layer of the frosted glass is characterized by a system

microblocks (linear dimensions 50–150 µm) and microcracks (width 100–200 nm).

SUITABILITYSatin-like appearance and has the effect of rendering the glass translucent by scattering of light

during transmission. It also provides high level of privacy and blocks hectic world outside to

eliminates distractions.


Used as the elevator shaft, staircase railing smaller windows in the building

99% of UV rays, hence it suits our tropical climate. Requires general maintenance such as cleaning

Used mainly on the exterior with spider fittings and steel structure as support Used mainly on interior windows, and the top of the elevator.

TINTED GLASSPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESProduced by small additions of metal oxides to the float or rolled glass composition. Most

float glass products contain small amounts of iron oxide which produce a green tint usually

only perceived when the glass pane is viewed 'on edge'. Additional iron oxide is introduced

to produce green tint, cobalt oxide for grey tint and selenium oxide for bronze tint.

SUITABILITYIncrease security - known to significantly increase the amount of time it takes to shatter the glass.

Giving the outside of a building amore uniform, aesthetically pleasing appearance. Moreover, it

limits the ultraviolet light transmission through windows to reduce the fading of furniture and carpet,

and reducing heat gain inside the home by reflecting solar heat energy.


CONCRETE

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESAmixture of Portland cement, water and aggregates. They are greyish in color

SUITABILITYConcrete is a suitable material because it able to withstand an amount of tensilestress, does not rot,decay or corrode. Concrete can also be painted to the designersintention. It is generally suitable for any design concept and is a commonly usedmaterial in the construction industry. Finally, it can be easily handled and moulded intoany desired shape making it very easy to work with


STEELPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Ductile and malleable.

SUITABILITY

APPLICATION IN BUILDINGUsed on the exterior of the building which mainly are windows.

Concrete is used as the foundation of the building, pavements, slab and columns within the building.Furthermore, concrete can be easily handled and moulded into any desired shape. Steel is used as bolt and nuts and also for the skeletal structure of the glass windows.

Steel is suitable for the structure because is able to handle the weight of the laminatedglass. The combination of steel and laminated glass is aesthetically pleasing as theyboth compliment with each other and matches the design concept. Moreover, the costof maintenance is low because it is resistant to termites,fire and the components ofbuilding structure can be reused. However, steel needs to be repaired whenevercorrosion occurs hence also requires coating to suit our humid climate.

STAINLESS STEELPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESComposition of stainless steel is steel alloyed with chormium(18%), nickel

(8%), Magnesium (8%). It has Shiny surfaceSUITABILITYStainless steel is suitable for the building facade as it will not corrode when itrains. The stainless steel framework and tinted glass forms a geometricalpattern which matches the design concept perfectly, showing a very uniquepattern and contrast between the two material. Moreover, maintenance ofstainless steel is generally low as it does not corrode, is termite resistant andfire resistant, and most importantly durable.


ALUMINIUM

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESA chemical element in the Boron group and easily identified from its silvery whiteappearance. This material is, soft, non magnetic and a ductile metal

SUITABILITYAluminium has a semi matte surface which gives a clean and minimalist look where itmatches the modernism design concept as it is and complements the interior of thebuilding. Aluminium is maintenance free because it does not rust, however it is morecostly compared to steel.


HARDWOODPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESHardwood is made of harvested trees where it is strong in lightweight and

has an excellent heat insulator.It has low production energy requirements and

is a net carbon absorber.SUITABILITY


It is used as a fitting for the tempered glass

Aluminium is used as the outer layer of the columns within the building because it is tough at very lowtemperature.

Hardwood is used as wall panelling on the walls outside of the gallery

The wall panelling is aesthetically pleasing, complementing the elegant feel of the

space and the material is strong, yet lightweight allowing it to be mounted as a wall

feature

LAMINATED WOODPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESLaminated wood is made from composite wood pressed together at high

temperatures.

SUITABILITY

Laminated wood is durable and resists scratches, moisture and wear and tear.

It is also easier to clean.


GIALO ANTICO MARBLE

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESWater Absorption(%): 0.11 Density(g/cm3: 2.72 General use: 12.5

Available in: 14.4 General use: 149.7 Available in : 99

SUITABILITYThe smooth powdery surface with stippling patterns prevents the walls to look

dirty and old. The simple colour allows the walls of the galleries to be get more

focus.


LEVADIA BLACK MARBLEPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

APPARENT DENSITY: 2670 Kg/m3 ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT: 0,54 %wtCOMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (DRY C): 106 MPa MODULUS OF RAPTURE (DRY C): 15 MPaABRASION RESISTANCE: 5,59 mm

SUITABILITY

APPLICATION IN BUILDINGLaminated wood is used as the flooring for most of the galleries and exhibits It is used at the walls on the pathway to lifts, emergency stairs and toilets. As well as a

separation from the galleries. Used as walls of the Economics and Bank Negara Malaysia Museum and as a separation between

the museum space and other spaces

It is a material that gives out luxurious feeling. It also implfies and comply to theEconomics and Bank Negara Malaysia Museum.

GALALA MARBLEPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

It has a creamy white and beautiful pattern that has extremely hish resistance toabrasion and frost.Abrasion resistance Hardness : 34.80 Flexural Strength : 1300 MpaCompressive strength kg/cm2 : 824.6 Modulus of Rupture : 1800 MpaAbsorption by weight : 0.120% Density : 2627 kg/m3

SUITABILITYThe pattern and colour of the material gives off a sense of direction in a straight parallel lineand enhances the elegant feel of the building, which matches with the designer’s intention.Surface of the marble is smooth and it provides a good grip when walking.


CREMA MARFIL MARBLE

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESApparent Specific Weight: 2.70 g/cm3 Apparent Porosity: 0.1 % Absorption Coefficient: 0.16% Compression Strength: 683 kg/cm2Bending Strength: 94 kg/cm2 C. Strength After Freezing Test: 691 kg/m2Friction Wear Test: 5.2 mm Impact Test: 37.5 cm

SUITABILITYThe material was famous to be used at galleries or malls as it allows a space to

look wide.


Used as the floorings of the walk path connecting the galleries at each floor. The material is used as the steps of the spiral staircase.

Education

Materiality of Space - Sasana Kijang