The Southern Colonies
• Objective: I can identify cultural reasons for the settlement of the Southern colonies.
• Preview: (WRITE NONE) Pick up your last colored sheet of the week, set up the same way.
• Process: Southern Colonies notes/foldable
• On Your Own: Colonial Reading Comprehension (reading/answer questions)
New EnglandMiddle and Southern Colonies
http://www.youtube.com/watch/?v=j3KAOWye1AM
Virginia• Founded by: John
Smith (Jamestown)• Year: 1607• Reason: search for
gold/later grow tobacco• Policy: “If you don’t work
you don’t eat”• 1614: John Rolfe sent
tobacco to England and the colony began to make money.
Maryland• Founded by: Leonard Calvert
(aka Lord Baltimore)• Year: 1634• Reason: Maryland became a
safe haven for English Catholics
• Unusual level of religious freedom—• Wrote the (Maryland) Act of
Toleration 1649 • guaranteed toleration to all
Christians.• Made hate speech toward religions
illegal
North
Caro
lina
• Founded by: 8 Nobles (called Lord Proprietors)
• Year: 1653 (1729)• Reason: Small
Tobacco farming
Edward Hyde and George Monck
Sou
th C
aro
lin
a • Founded by: 8 Lord Proprietors• Year: 1663 (1729 split)• Reason: large plantation farmers
Charles Town: becomes largest port city in the South. Modern day Charleston.
The Carolinas in General• Named for King Charles
(Carolina Latin form of his name)
• Indian wars and attacks by pirates (Blackbeard!) made it hard to control.
Georgia • Founded by: James
Oglethorpe• Year: 1733• Reason: Originally created for
people who had been jailed for not paying debts in England – Work off debt “Debtors Colony”– No Catholics allowed– BUFFER ZONE BETWEEN
SPANISH FLORIDA AND THE REST OF THE COLONIES
Economy
• Ideal for plantation crops– indigo, rice, tobacco, cotton– “Cotton is King”
• Plantations were largely self-sufficient, so very few large cities developed in the South.
Southern Colonies• Southern society less
economically & ethnically diverse than all other sections
• Society very hierarchal & class oriented1. Top = Large Planters (~1-2%); Large farms w/ 25+ slaves; 70% of all wealth2. Middle = small independent farmers; few (10 -) slaves3. Bottom = Landless whites, farm hands4. Servants = Ind. Servants
Geography/Conflict
Geography
• Very isolated society based around:– Plantations/farms and– waterways
• All slave colonies• Cities are rare• Tobacco growth ruins
soil
Conflicts
• American Indians• Entitlement to land
issues—who has a right to these lands
• Tension between plantation owners and slaves