The Southern Colonies

• Objective: I can identify cultural reasons for the settlement of the Southern colonies.

• Preview: (WRITE NONE) Pick up your last colored sheet of the week, set up the same way.

• Process: Southern Colonies notes/foldable

• On Your Own: Colonial Reading Comprehension (reading/answer questions)

New EnglandMiddle and Southern Colonies

http://www.youtube.com/watch/?v=j3KAOWye1AM

Virginia• Founded by: John

Smith (Jamestown)• Year: 1607• Reason: search for

gold/later grow tobacco• Policy: “If you don’t work

you don’t eat”• 1614: John Rolfe sent

tobacco to England and the colony began to make money.

Maryland• Founded by: Leonard Calvert

(aka Lord Baltimore)• Year: 1634• Reason: Maryland became a

safe haven for English Catholics

• Unusual level of religious freedom—• Wrote the (Maryland) Act of

Toleration 1649 • guaranteed toleration to all

Christians.• Made hate speech toward religions

illegal

North

Caro

lina

• Founded by: 8 Nobles (called Lord Proprietors)

• Year: 1653 (1729)• Reason: Small

Tobacco farming

Edward Hyde and George Monck

Sou

th C

aro

lin

a • Founded by: 8 Lord Proprietors• Year: 1663 (1729 split)• Reason: large plantation farmers

Charles Town: becomes largest port city in the South. Modern day Charleston.

The Carolinas in General• Named for King Charles

(Carolina Latin form of his name)

• Indian wars and attacks by pirates (Blackbeard!) made it hard to control.

Georgia • Founded by: James

Oglethorpe• Year: 1733• Reason: Originally created for

people who had been jailed for not paying debts in England – Work off debt “Debtors Colony”– No Catholics allowed– BUFFER ZONE BETWEEN

SPANISH FLORIDA AND THE REST OF THE COLONIES

Economy

• Ideal for plantation crops– indigo, rice, tobacco, cotton– “Cotton is King”

• Plantations were largely self-sufficient, so very few large cities developed in the South.

Southern Colonies• Southern society less

economically & ethnically diverse than all other sections

• Society very hierarchal & class oriented1. Top = Large Planters (~1-2%); Large farms w/ 25+ slaves; 70% of all wealth2. Middle = small independent farmers; few (10 -) slaves3. Bottom = Landless whites, farm hands4. Servants = Ind. Servants

Geography/Conflict

Geography

• Very isolated society based around:– Plantations/farms and– waterways

• All slave colonies• Cities are rare• Tobacco growth ruins

soil

Conflicts

• American Indians• Entitlement to land

issues—who has a right to these lands

• Tension between plantation owners and slaves