1
Our ConstitutionConstitution of Georgia for Youth
saredaqcio jgufi:
lali gziriSviliTamar demetraSvilimerab basilaiazurab guncaZezurab maCabeli
koreqtori:
mzia Somaxia
dizaini:
besik danelia
wigni momzadda da gamoica evraziis fondis
dafinansebiT (granti N: G04-0101)
aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos
saxsrebis meSveobiT. masSi gadmocemuli
Tvalsazrisebi SeiZleba ar emTxveodes
aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosa
da evraziis fondis Sexedulebebs.
This publication is produced
through the project # G04-0101supported by a grantfrom the Eurasia Foundation through funds from
the United States Agency for International Development
(USAID). The opinions expressed in this publicationdo not necessarily represent those of the Eurasia
Foundation or USAID.
momzadebulia fondi ALPE-is mier
misamarTi: Tbilisi, al. WavWavaZis q. 8/33
tel.: 996512, 922914 faqsi: 920596,
el-fosta: [email protected], www.alpe.ge
saqarTveloskonstitucia
gamocemamozardebisaTvis
Cvenikonstitucia
4
Cvenikonstitucia
5
Cemo Zvirfaso megobrebo,
bednieri var, rom saSualeba maqvs kidev erTxel
mogmarToT Tqven, saqarTvelos axalgazrda
moqalaqeebs, Cveni samSoblos xvalindel dRes.
Tqveni patriotizmi, pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba da
ganaTleba Cveni saxelmwifos umTavresi kano-
nis _ misi konstituciis dacvis upirvelesi ga-
rantia da Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi warmatebis
safuZvelia.
Tavisufleba, Tanasworoba da samarTlianoba _ es
sami principi gansazRvravs, Tu ramdenad civi-
lizebulia sazogadoeba da Sesabamisad, saxel-
mwifo.
swored am principebis aRiarebisa da maTdami er-
Tgulebis deklarirebaa qveynis konstitucia.
mjera da mwams, rom Cven im winaprebis Rirseuli
memkvidreebi varT, romelTa Tavdadebam dRem-
de moitana Cveni samSoblo, da dRes saqarTve-
lo, iseve rogorc mTeli samxreT kavkasia, ci-
vilizebuli samyaros Semadgeneli nawilia.
saqarTvelos prezidenti
mixeil saakaSvili
6
Cvenikonstitucia
7
winamdebare naSromi erT mizans isaxavs _ igi Se-
ecdeba zogadi warmodgena SegiqmnaT saqar-
Tvelos konstituciaze, romelic qveynis
uzenaesi kanonia da adgens im ZiriTad we-
sebsa da principebs, romelTa gaTvaliswi-
nebiTac unda imoqmedos nebismierma pirma,
romelic cxovrobs, droebiT imyofeba Tu
sxva nebismieri formiT urTierTobs saqar-
TvelosTan.
termini `konstitucia~ (CONSTITUTIO)laTinu-
ri sityvaa da dawesebas, dadgenas niSnavs. es
termini uZvelesi droidan, jer kidev romis
imperiis kanonmdeblobidan ixmareboda. `kon-
stitucia~ _ monaTmflobelur da feoda-
lur sazogadoebebSi gamoxatavda impera-
torTa brZanebebsa da maT mier dadgenil
sxvadasxva wesebs, magram mas im droisaTvis
saxelmwifos ZiriTadi kanonis mniSvneloba
ar hqonia. konstituciis aRmoceneba burJu-
aziuli revoluciis Sedegia, romelmac Sva
axali sazogadoebrivi da saxelmwifoebrivi
institutebi. pirveli konstitucia daiwera
amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi (1787 wels da
8
Cvenikonstitucia
200 welze metia moqmedebs), Semdeg ki saf-
rangeTsa da poloneTSi (1791 wels). am peri-
odidan moyolebuli, mravali mecnier-
iuristi cdilobda konstituciis arsis
wvdomas; swored amgvari mcdelobebisa da
azrTa Sejerebis Sedegad, droTa ganmavlo-
baSi daixvewa da sabolood Camoyalibda kon-
stituciis cneba. konstituciam SeiZina
qveynis ZiriTadi kanonis Zala, romliTac
unda gansazRvruliyo saxelmwifos terito-
riuli mowyoba, sazogadoebrivi weswyobi-
lebis safuZvlebi, moqalaqeTa samarTleb-
rivi mdgomareoba da sxva iseTi umniSvne-
lovanesi principebi, romlebze dayrdnobi-
Tac saxelmwifo ganaxorcielebda Tavis ar-
sebobasa da funqcionirebas.
saqarTveloSi konstitucionalizmis ganviTa-
rebas sakmaod saintereso istoria aqvs. sa-
qarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis 1921
wlis konstituciis miRebamde, konstitucia,
rogorc erTiani aqti, saqarTveloSi ar ar-
sebobda, Tumca, arsebobda konstituciuri
xasiaTis aqtebi, romelTa Soris gansakuT-
rebiT aRsaniSnavia 1918 wlis 26 maisis saqar-
Tvelos damoukideblobis aqti. miTiTebuli
dokumentiT pirvelad ganisazRvra saqarT-
velos politikuri forma, saSinao da saga-
reo politikis ZiriTadi principebi da a. S.
saqarTveloSi pirvelad konstituciis proeq-
tis SemuSaveba miznad daisaxa 1919 wlis 12
marts arCeulma damfuZnebelma krebam, ro-
9
melmac amisaTvis Seqmna kidec sakonstitu-
cio komisia. komisiam SeimuSava Sesabamisi
proeqti, romelic 1921 wlis 26 ianvris dam-
fuZnebelma krebam daamtkica, xolo, imave
wlis 17 marts, damfuZnebeli krebis ukanas-
knelma sxdomam miiRo dadgenileba saqarT-
velos demokratiuli respublikis konsti-
tuciis moqmedebis droebiTi SeCerebis Ta-
obaze. am droisaTvis saqarTveloSi ukve
damyarebuli iyo sabWoTa xelisufleba. am-
rigad, saqarTvelos 1921 wlis konstitucia,
marTalia, faqtobrivad, ZalaSic ar Sesula,
magram Tamamad SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom es iyo
saxelmwifos ZiriTadi kanonis srulyofili
da daxvewili nimuSi, romelic msoflio
konstituciebis gamocdilebas efuZneboda
da, imavdroulad, zustad iTvaliswinebda
saqarTvelos sinamdvilisaTvis damaxasiaTe-
bel istoriul, kulturulda sxva saxis Ta-
viseburebebs.
saqarTveloSi sabWoTa xelisuflebis damyare-
bis Semdeg (rac 1921 wlis 25 Tebervals ru-
seTis mier samxedro okupaciiT ganxorci-
elda) saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialistur-
ma respublikam 1922 wlis 2 marts miiRo
Tavisi pirveli konstitucia. amis Semdeg ki-
dev sami konstitucia iqna miRebuli (1927
wlis 4 aprils, 1937 wlis 13 Tebervalsa da
1978 wlis 15 aprils).
me-20 saukunis 80-iani wlebis dasasruli da 90-
iani wlebis dasawyisi saqarTvelos istori-
10
Cvenikonstitucia
aSi Sevida, rogorc erovnuli moZraobis ga-
moRviZebisa da misi aRmasvlis xana. 1990
wlis 28 oqtombers saqarTveloSi Catarda
pirveli mravalpartiuli arCevnebi. axlad-
arCeulma uzenaesma sabWom, pirvelive sesi-
aze cvlilebebi Seitana 1978 wlis konsti-
tuciaSi, rac Seexo konstituciis preambu-
las, saxelmwifo simboloebs _ gerbs, dro-
Sas, himns; Seicvala saxelmwifo wyobileba
da konstituciis redaqciidan amoRebuli
iqna sityvebi `sabWoTa socialisturi~, dam-
kvidrda prezidentis instituti. es iyo uka-
naskneli konstitucia , romelic sabWoTa pe-
riodis konstituciaTa zogad Strixebs Se-
icavda da, faqtobrivad, warmoadgenda ssr
kavSiris konstituciis gadmoqarTulebul
variants.
1991 wlis 9 aprils miRebuli iqna saqarTvelos
saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdge-
nis aqti. amave wlis bolos saqarTveloSi po-
litikuri mdgomareoba sakmaod gamwvavda,
saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaes sabWos
vadamde Seuwyda uflebamosileba, gauqmda
prezidentis instituti, Seiqmna samxedro
sabWo, romelmac qveynis droebiT mTavro-
basTan erTad ikisra qveynis xelmZRvaneloba
da miiRo deklaracia, romliTac aRadgina
1921 wlis konstitucia. aRniSnuli aqti
qveynis ganviTarebis imdroindel etapze si-
namdvilesTan Seusabamo aRmoCnda da igi re-
alurad ver amoqmedda. 1992 wels arCeul iq-
na axali parlamenti, romelmac miiRo `kano-
11
ni saxelmwifo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb~ e.w.
`mcire konstitucia~, romelmac saqarTve-
los 1995 wlis konstituciis miRebamde
udavod dadebiTi roli Seasrula qarTuli
saxelmwifoebriobisa da konstituciona-
lizmis Semdgomi ganviTarebisaTvis.
1995 wlis 24 agvistos miRebuli iqna saqarTve-
los konstitucia. konstituciis miRebas win
uZRoda seriozuli, daZabuli da farTomas-
Stabiani muSaoba, romelSic CarTulni iyvnen
politikuri partiebis warmomadgenlebi,
politikuri da iuridiuli mecnierebis
TvalsaCino moRvaweebi.
saqarTvelos 1995 wlis 24 agvistos konstitu-
cia Sedgeba preambulis, 9 Tavisa da 109 mux-
lisagan.
12
Cvenikonstitucia
muxli 1
1. saqarTvelo aris damoukidebeli, erTiani
da ganuyofeli saxelmwifo, rac dadastu-
rebulia 1991 wlis 31 marts qveynis mTel
teritoriaze, maT Soris afxazeTis assr*-Si
da yofil samxreT oseTis avtonomiur olq-
Si Catarebuli referendumiT da 1991 wlis
9 aprilis saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
damoukideblobis aRdgenis aqtiT.
2. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos politikuri wyo-
bilebis forma aris demokratiuli respub-
lika.
3. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos saxelwodebaa
`saqarTvelo~.
1991 wlis 31 marts saqarTvelos mTel terito-
riaze, maT Soris afxazeTis assr-Si da yo-
fil samxreT oseTis avtonomiur olqSi, Ca-
tarda referendumi. referendumi aris mo-
saxleobis sayovelTao-saxalxo gamokiTxva
da mis Sedegebs Sesasruleblad savalde-
bulo Zala aqvs. referendumSi monawileoba
miiRo saqarTvelos mosaxleobis didma na-
wilma da rogorc misma Sedegebma cxadyo,
maT gamoxates TavianTi uryevi neba da erT-
sulovnad dauWires mxari saqarTvelos da-
moukideblobas. swored aRniSnulis gaTva-
liswinebiT, 1991 wlis 9 aprils saqarTvelos
respublikis uzenaesma sabWom miiRo saqar-
Tvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblo-
bis aRdgenis aqti, romliTac saqarTvelo
gamocxadda damoukidebel saxelmwifod.
* avtonomiuri sabWoTa socialisturirespublika
13
saqarTvelos konstituciam 1991 wlis 9 aprilis
aqtis safuZvelze saqarTvelo gamoacxada
damoukidebel, erTian da ganuyofel saxel-
mwifod, romelsac ewoda saqarTvelo da
misi politikuri wyobilebis formad gani-
sazRvra demokratiuli respublika. demok-
ratiuli respublika saxelmwifo mmarTve-
lobis iseTi formaa, rodesac saxelmwifoSi
xelisuflebis wyaro aris xalxi. xalxi ir-
Cevs xelisuflebis umaRles organoebs,
romlebic xelisuflebis danawilebis prin-
cipis safuZvelze koleqtiurad marTaven
saxelmwifos.
xelisuflebis danawilebis principi gulisx-
mobs xelisuflebis dayofas sam damoukide-
bel Stod _ sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel
da sasamarTlo xelisuflebad. sakanonmdeb-
lo xelisuflebas axorcielebs parlamenti,
romelic iRebs kanonebs. aRmasrulebel xe-
lisuflebas axorcielebs mTavroba, rome-
lic pasuxismgebelia am kanonebis Sesrule-
baze, xolo sasamarTlo xelisufleba axor-
cielebs marTlmsajulebas, raTa dacul iq-
nes kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebi. xelisuf-
lebisdanawilebis principi safuZvladudevs
yvela demokratiuli saxelmwifos politi-
kur wyobilebas da uzrunvelyofs erTi ro-
melime organos an Tanamdebobis piris xelSi
Zalauflebis Tavmoyris Tavidan acilebas.
14
Cvenikonstitucia
muxli 2
1. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos teritoria gan-
sazRvrulia 1991 wlis 21 dekembris mdgoma-
reobiT. saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTli-
anoba da saxelmwifo sazRvris xelSeuxeb-
loba dadasturebulia saqarTvelos kons-
tituciiTa da kanonebiT, aRiarebulia sa-
xelmwifoTa msoflio Tanamegobrobisa da
saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier.
2. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos teritoriis gas-
xviseba akrZalulia. saxelmwifo sazRvrebis
Secvla SeiZleba mxolod mezobel saxelm-
wifosTan dadebuli ormxrivi SeTanxmebiT.
3. saqarTvelos teritoriuli saxelmwifoeb-
rivi mowyoba ganisazRvreba konstituciuri
kanoniT, uflebamosilebaTa gamijvnis prin-
cipis safuZvelze, qveynis mTel teritori-
aze saqarTvelos iurisdiqciis srulad aR-
dgenis Semdeg.
4. saqarTvelos moqalaqeebi adgilobrivi mniS-
vnelobis saqmeebs awesrigeben TviTmmarTve-
lobis meSveobiT saxelmwifo suverenitetis
Seulaxavad. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-
bis warmomadgenlobiTi da aRmasrulebeli
organoebis xelmZRvanelTa Tanamdeboba ar-
CeviTia. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis
organoebis Seqmnis wesi, uflebamosileba da
saxelmwifo organoebTan urTierToba gani-
sazRvreba organuli kanoniT.
miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos respubli-
kis uzenaesma sabWom 1991 wlis 9 aprils mi-
15
iRo saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damo-
ukideblobis aRdgenis aqti, saqarTvelo re-
alurad mainc warmoadgenda sabWoTa soci-
alisturi respublikebis kavSiris, rogorc
erTiani saxelmwifos Semadgenel nawils.
1991 wlis 21 dekembers sabWoTa kavSirma,
masSi mimdinare Sidapolitikuri movlenebis
Sedegad, rogorc erTianma saxelmwifom, ar-
seboba Sewyvita da yofili mokavSire res-
publikebi damoukidebel saxelmwifoebad
Camoyalibdnen. swored amitom saqarTvelos
konstitucia saqarTvelos saxelmwifos
teritorias gansazRvravs im teritoriuli
sazRvrebiT, romelic mas gaaCnda sabWoTa
kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi yofnisas. msoflio
Tanamegobrobisa da saerTaSoriso organi-
zaciebis mier saqarTvelo swored am sazRv-
rebiT iqna aRiarebuli, rogorc damoukide-
beli saxelmwifo.
konstitucia calsaxad da upirobod krZalavs
saqarTvelos teritoriis sxva saxelmwifo-
saTvis gadacemas. rac Seexeba qveynis teri-
toriuli sazRvrebis Secvlas, aRniSnuls
SesaZleblad miiCnevs mxolod im SemTxve-
vaSi, Tu arsebobs Sesabamisi ormxrivi SeTan-
xmeba mezobel saxelmwifosTan.
unda aRiniSnos, rom sabWoTa kavSiris daSlas
mohyva rigi umarTavi politikuri procese-
bi, samoqalaqo omi da konfliqtebi, ramac
Sedegad moitana is, rom afxazeTis avtono-
miuri respublika da yofili samxreT ose-
16
Cvenikonstitucia
Tis avtonomiuri olqi, mocemul istoriul
monakveTSi, faqtobrivad, TviTgamocxade-
buli saxelmwifoebia, romelTa teritori-
azec ar vrceldeba saqarTvelos iurisdiq-
cia, anu ar moqmedebs saqarTvelos kanonm-
debloba, ar funqcionireben saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo organoebi da a. S. swored aR-
niSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, saqarTvelos kon-
stituciam qveynis teritoriuli saxelmwi-
foebrivi mowyobis sakiTxis saboloo gan-
sazRvra, anu is, Tu ra uflebebi da valde-
bulebebi mieniWebaT mmarTvelobis centra-
lur Tu teritoriul organoebs da rogor
gaimijneba maTi uflebamosilebebi, SesaZ-
leblad miiCnia mxolod imis Semdgom, rac
qveynis mTel teritoriaze srulad iqneba
aRdgenili saqarTvelos iurisdiqcia. amas-
Tan, aRniSnuli unda ganxorcieldes konsti-
tuciuri kanoniT, romliTac xdeba konsti-
tuciaSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Seta-
na, konstituciis ganuyofeli nawilia da
iseTive iuridiuli Zala aqvs, rogoric Ta-
vad konstitucias.
saxelmwifoTavis funqciebs axorcielebs mmar-
Tvelobis erTiani, centralizebuli orga-
noebiT, magram arsebobs sakiTxebi, romle-
bic, Tavisi mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT,
saWiroebs gadawyvetilebis miRebas adgi-
lobriv _ qalaqis, raionis, soflis, Temis
an dabis doneze. aseTi sakiTxebis gadawy-
vetis mizniT, konstitucia awesebs adgilob-
rivi TviTmmarTvelobis arsebobas, raTa mo-
17
qalaqeebs saSualeba hqondeT damoukideb-
lad gadawyviton lokaluri sakiTxebi, Tum-
ca aRniSnuli imgvarad unda ganxorcieldes,
rom ar Seilaxos saxelmwifos suvereniteti.
TviTmmarTvelobis gansaxorcieleblad kon-
stituciiT gaTvaliswinebulia adgilobri-
vi TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa (warmomad-
genlobiTi da aRmasrulebeli) arseboba, ro-
melTa xelmZRvaneli Tanamdebobebi arCevi-
Tia da am arCevans akeTebs xalxi, adgilob-
rivi mosaxleoba. aRniSnuli sakiTxebi deta-
lurad daregulirebulia `adgilobrivi
TviTmmarTvelobisa da mmarTvelobis Sesa-
xeb~ saqarTvelos organul kanonSi, `adgi-
lobrivi warmomadgenlobiTi organos _ sak-
rebulos wevris statusis Sesaxeb~, `adgi-
lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa da mmarTvelo-
bis organoebis ekonomikuri saqmianobis or-
ganizebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonebsa da
sxva normatiul aqtebSi.
mu xli 6
1. saqarTvelos konstitucia saxelmwifos
uzenaesi kanonia. yvela sxva samarTlebrivi
aqti unda Seesabamebodes konstitucias.
2. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba Seesabameba sa-
erTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-
arebul principebsa da normebs. saqarTve-
los saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas an SeTan-
xmebas, Tu igi ar ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTve-
los konstitucias, konstituciur SeTanx-
mebas, aqvs upiratesi iuridiuli Zala Si-
18
Cvenikonstitucia
dasaxelmwifoebrivi normatiuli aqtebis
mimarT.
saxelmwifos gaaCnia sxvadasxva kanonebi, rom-
lebic awesrigebs sxvadasxva saxis sazoga-
doebriv urTierTobebs. am kanonebs Soris
arsebobs garkveuli ierarqia, rac ganpiro-
bebulia maTi iuridiuli ZaliT. aRniSnul
ierarqiaSi umaRlesi adgili ukavia saqar-
Tvelos konstitucias. amitom yvela sxva
kanoni, Tu kanonqvemdebare aqti unda Seesa-
bamebodes konstitucias. konstitucia ad-
gens ZiriTad normebs, romelTa safuZvel-
zec sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebi detalurad
awesrigebs konkretul sazogadoebrv urTi-
erTobebs. Tu romelime maTgani ar Seesaba-
meba konstitucias, aRniSnuli SeiZleba gax-
des maTi gauqmebis (Zaladakargulad gamoc-
xadebis) safuZveli Sesabamisi organoebis
mier.
saqarTvelo, rogorc saerTaSoriso Tanamegob-
robis wevri, aRiarebs saerTaSoriso samar-
Tlis sayovelTaod aRiarebul principebsa
da normebs. amiT saqarTvelo kisrulobs
valdebulebas, rogorc sxva saxelmwifoeb-
Tan xelSekrulebebis dadebisas, aseve Sida
sakanonmdeblo bazis formirebisas, ixelm-
ZRvanelos am principebiT. Tumca, saerTa-
Soriso xelSekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi ar
unda ewinaaRmdegebodes saqarTvelos kons-
titucias (konstituciur SeTanxmebas), ro-
gorc saqarTvelos uzenaes kanons. aseT Sem-
19
TxvevaSi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebsa da
SeTanxmebebs upiratesi iuridiuli Zala aqvs
Sidasaxelmwifoebriv normatiul aqtebTan
SedarebiT. saqarTvelos normatiuli aqte-
bis ierarqias, maTi momzadebisa da gamocemis
wesebs adgens saqarTvelos kanoni `normati-
uli aqtebis Sesaxeb~.
mu xli 7
saxelmwifo cnobs da icavs adamianis sayovel-
Taod aRiarebul uflebebsa da Tavisufle-
bebs, rogorc waruval da uzenaes adamianur
Rirebulebebs. xelisuflebis ganxorciele-
bisas xalxi da saxelmwifo SezRuduli arian
am uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT, rogorc
uSualod moqmedi samarTliT.
adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, rogorc
uzenaesi adamianuri Rirebulebebi, saerTa-
Soriso Tanamegobrobis mier sayovelTaod
aris aRiarebuli da ganmtkicebuli sxvadas-
xva saerTaSoriso aqtebiT. saqarTvelos kon-
stituciac swored am uzenaes adamianur Ri-
rebulebebzea orientirebuli. adamianis
uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi saqarTvelos
konstituciis mier miCneulia, rogorc uSu-
alod moqmedi samarTali, rac imas niSnavs,
rom xelisuflebis ganxorcielebisas, ro-
gorc xalxi, aseve saxelmwifo moqmedeben da
izRudebian am uflebaTa farglebSi. ker-
Zod, xalxis mier Tavisi nebis gamoxatuleba
an saxelmwifos mier xelisuflebis ganxor-
20
Cvenikonstitucia
cieleba ar unda xelyofdes adamianis sayo-
velTaod aRiarebul uflebebsa da Tavisuf-
lebebs, aramed piriqiT _ maqsimalurad unda
icavdes da ganamtkicebdes maT. xalxis an
xelisuflebis moqmedebebsa da adamianis
uflebebs Soris winaaRmdegobis SemTxve-
vaSi, upiratesoba swored am ukanasknels
eniWeba. es bunebrivicaa, vinaidan Tavad sa-
xelmwifos arsebobis upirvelesi mizani xom
adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dac-
vasa da maTi realizebis garantiebis SeqmnaSi
mdgomareobs.
muxli 8
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ena aris qarTuli,
xolo afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikaSi
agreTve _ afxazuri.
saxelmwifo Tavis funqciebs axorcielebs sa-
xelmwifo enaze, rac imas niSnavs, rom yvela
saxelmwifo organo muSaobisas da saqmis
warmoebisas iyenebs saxelmwifo enas, samar-
Tlebriv aqtebsa Tu sxva oficialur doku-
mentebs gamoscems saxelmwifo enaze, sajaro
samsaxurSi dasaqmebis msurvelebs avalde-
bulebs saxelmwifo enis codnas. aseTi sa-
xelmwifo ena saqarTveloSi aris qarTuli.
qarTuli enaa saxelmwifo ena afxazeTis
avtonomiur respublikaSic, Tumca iq masTan
erTad saxelmwifo ena aris afxazuric. aR-
niSnuli CanaweriT saqarTvelos konstitu-
cia uzrunvelyofs afxazeTis avtonomiur
21
respublikaSi mcxovrebi afxazebisTvis enis,
kulturisa da istoriuli tradiciebis Se-
narCunebisa da maTi Semdgomi ganviTarebis
SesaZleblobebs.
mu xli 9
1. saxelmwifo acxadebs rwmenisa da aRmsareb-
lobis srul Tavisuflebas, amasTan erTad,
aRiarebs saqarTvelos samociqulo avtoke-
faluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gansa-
kuTrebul rols saqarTvelos istoriaSi da
mis damoukideblobas saxelmwifosagan.
2. saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos
samociqulo avtokefaluri marTlmadidebe-
li eklesiis urTierToba ganisazRvreba kon-
stituciuri SeTanxmebiT. konstituciuri
SeTanxmeba srulad unda Seesabamebodes sa-
erTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-
arebul principebsa da normebs, kerZod, ada-
mianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa
sferoSi.
rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis sruli Tavisufleba
adamians SesaZleblobas aZlevs damoukideb-
lad, mxolod Sinagani rwmenis safuZvelze
gadawyvitos sakuTari religiuri kuTvni-
lebis sakiTxi, an saerTod uaryos igi. faq-
tobrivad, miTiTebuli ufleba niSnavs pi-
rovnebis Tavisuflebas nebismieri ideolo-
giuri zewolisagan, ris garantsac Tavad sa-
xelmwifo warmoadgens.
22
Cvenikonstitucia
marTalia, saxelmwifo yvela religias Tanabar
pirobebSi ayenebs, magram amasTan, qarTuli
saxelmwifoebriobis, kulturis, tradici-
ebis, erovnuli TviTmyofadobisa da suli-
erebis ganviTarebaSi Setanili udidesi Rvaw-
lisaTvis, aRiarebs marTlmadidebeli ekle-
siis gansakuTrebul rols saqarTvelos is-
toriaSi da acxadebs eklesiis damoukideb-
lobas saxelmwifosagan, anu saxelmwifo ar
ereva eklesiis saqmianobaSi, rac dakavSire-
bulia eklesiis organizaciul mowyobasTan,
RvTismsaxurebis aRsrulebasTan da a.S. amas-
Tan, konstituciis mier deklarirebuli ek-
lesiis damoukideblobis uzrunvelsayofad
saxelmwifo iTvaliswinebs saxelmwifosa da
eklesias Soris konstituciuri SeTanxmebis
dadebis SesaZleblobas.* konstituciuri
SeTanxmeba srulad unda Seesabamebodes sa-
erTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-
arebul principebsa da normebs.
mu xli 12
1. saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba moipoveba daba-
debiT da naturalizaciiT.
2. saqarTvelos moqalaqe imavdroulad ar Se-
iZleba iyos sxva saxelmwifos moqalaqe, gar-
da am punqtiT dadgenili gamonaklisi SemTx-
vevisa. saqarTvelos prezidentis mier sa-
* 2001 wlis 10 noembers gaformda
`konstituciuri SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos
avtokefalur samociqulo eklesiasa da
saxelmwifos Soris~
23
qarTvelos moqalaqeoba SeiZleba mieniWos
ucxo qveynis moqalaqes, romelsac saqarTve-
los winaSe aqvs gansakuTrebuli damsaxure-
ba an misTvis saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis mi-
niWeba gamomdinareobs saxelmwifo intere-
sebidan.
3. saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis mopovebisa da
dakargvis wesi ganisazRvreba organuli ka-
noniT.
moqalaqeoba aris piris politikur-samarTleb-
rivi kavSiri saqarTvelos saxelmwifosTan,
rac niSnavs imas, rom rogorc saxelmwifos,
aseve moqalaqes, erTmaneTis mimarT aqvT
garkveuli uflebebi da movaleobebi. maga-
liTad, saxelmwifos marTva-gamgeobaSi mo-
nawileobs mxolod am saxelmwifos moqalaqe,
mxolod moqalaqes aqvs ufleba airCios an
arCeul iqnas saxelmwifo organoSi. Tavis
mxriv saxelmwifo icavs Tavisi moqalaqis
uflebebs rogorc saxelmwifos SigniT, ase-
ve sxva saxelmwifoSi. garda amisa, moqalaqes
saxelmwifos mimarT gaaCnia iseTi valdebu-
lebebi, romlebic ar gaaCnia sxva saxelmwi-
fos moqalaqes.
moqalaqeobis mopoveba dabadebiT niSnavs imas,
rom pirs moqalaqeoba eniWeba misi dabadebis
momentidan. garda dabadebisa, saqarTvelos
moqalaqeoba SeiZleba mopovebul iqnas na-
turalizaciiT, rac niSnavs ucxo saxelmwi-
fos moqalaqis an moqalaqeobis armqone pi-
risaTvis moqalaqeobis miniWebas, Tu igi ak-
24
Cvenikonstitucia
mayofilebs kanoniT dadgenil garkveul
moTxovnebs. saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis mo-
povebisa da dakargvis wesebi, aseve moqala-
qeobasTan dakavSirebuli sxva sakiTxebi re-
gulirdeba `saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis Se-
saxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT.
saqarTvelos moqalaqe imavdroulad ar SeiZ-
leba iyos sxva saxelmwifos moqalaqe, Tumca
konstitucia uSvebs gamonaklis SemTxveveb-
sac. pirs, romelic ucxo qveynis moqalaqea,
magram miuxedavad misi moqalaqeobrivi kuT-
vnilebisa, didi Rvawli miuZRvis da raime
gansakuTrebuli damsaxureba gaaCnia saqar-
Tvelos winaSe, saqarTvelos prezidentma
SesaZlebelia mianiWos saqarTvelos moqala-
qeoba. aRniSnuli SesaZlebelia aseve im Sem-
TxvevaSic, Tu ucxo qveynis moqalaqisaTvis
saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis miniWeba saqar-
Tvelos saxelmwifos interess warmoadgens.
m u xl i 13
1. saqarTvelo mfarvelobs Tavis moqalaqes
ganurCevlad misi adgilsamyofelisa.
2. moqalaqeobis CamorTmeva dauSvebelia.
3. saqarTvelodan saqarTvelos moqalaqis ga-
Zeveba dauSvebelia.
4. saqarTvelos moqalaqis ucxo saxelmwifo-
saTvis gadacema dauSvebelia, garda saerTa-
Soriso xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli
SemTxvevebisa. gadawyvetileba moqalaqis ga-
dacemis Sesaxeb SeiZleba gasaCivrdes sasa-
marTloSi.
25
saqarTvelos moqalaqis uflebebisa da Tavi-
suflebebis dacvis garants warmoadgens sa-
qarTvelo, miuxedavad imisa, igi imyofeba
saqarTveloSi Tu sxva saxelmwifoSi. amas-
Tan, konstitucia dauSveblad acxadebs mo-
qalaqeobis CamorTmevas da saqarTvelodan
saqarTvelos moqalaqis gaZevebas. miuxeda-
vad imisa, Tu ramdenad asrulebs an ar asru-
lebs moqalaqe Tavis valdebulebebs saxel-
mwifos winaSe, konstitucia aseve dauSveb-
lad acxadebs saqarTvelos moqalaqis gada-
cemas ucxo saxelmwifosaTvis. gamonaklisis
saxiT, aRniSnuli SesaZlebelia mxolod sa-
erTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswine-
bul SemTxvevebSi, Tumca konstitucia aqve
aniWebs moqalaqes uflebas, sasamarTloSi
gaasaCivros gadawyvetileba misi ucxo qvey-
nisaTvis gadacemis Taobaze.
m u xl i 14
yvela adamiani dabadebiT Tavisufalia da ka-
nonis winaSe Tanasworia ganurCevlad rasisa,
kanis ferisa, enisa, sqesisa, religiisa, poli-
tikuri da sxva Sexedulebebisa, erovnuli,
eTnikuri da socialuri kuTvnilebisa, war-
moSobisa, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomare-
obisa, sacxovrebeli adgilisa.
yvela adamiani dabadebiT Tavisufalia. im uf-
lebebsa da Tavisuflebebs, rac konstitu-
ciiT aris dadgenili, adamiani iZens dabade-
bisTanave da aseve, adamianis dabadebisTa-
26
Cvenikonstitucia
nave warmoiSoba saxelmwifos mxriv valde-
buleba _ daicvas es uflebebi da Tavisuf-
lebebi. amasTan, kanonis winaSe yvela adami-
ani Tanasworia, rac imas niSnavs, rom ar Se-
iZleba adamians SeezRudos kanoniT dad-
genili uflebebi an sxva adamianTan mimarTe-
baSi mieniWos raime upiratesoba misTvis ka-
noniT miniWebuli uflebebis ganxorci-
elebisas, miuxedavad imisa, Tu romelrasob-
riv, religiur, erovnul, eTnikur jgufs
miekuTvneba igi, romel politikur Tu re-
ligiur Sexedulebebs iziarebs an rogori
qonebrivi mdgomareoba gaaCnia.
mu xli 15
1. sicocxle adamianis xelSeuvali uflebaa da
mas icavs kanoni.
2. sasjelis gansakuTrebuli RonisZieba _ sik-
vdiliT dasja, mis srul gauqmebamde, SeiZ-
leba gaTvaliswinebul iqnas organuli kano-
niT sicocxlis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli gansa-
kuTrebiT mZime danaSaulisaTvis. am sasje-
lis Sefardebis ufleba aqvs mxolod saqar-
Tvelos uzenaes sasamarTlos.
sicocxlis ufleba aris adamianis uzenaesi uf-
leba, igi xelSeuvali uflebaa da mas icavs
kanoni. arcerT adamians, rogori mZime qme-
debebic unda Caidinos man, ar SeiZleba waer-
Tvas sicocxle, TviT saxelmwifos mierac ki.
saqarTveloSi 1997 wlis 11 noembramde Se-
saZlebeli iyo sasjelis gansakuTrebuli
27
RonisZiebis _ sikvdiliT dasjis gamoyeneba
sicocxlis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli gasakuT-
rebiT mZime danaSaulisaTvis. magram miTi-
Tebuli TariRidan saqarTvelos parlamen-
tma gaauqma sikvdiliT dasja da sabolood
uari Tqva am saxis sasjelis dakanonebis Se-
saZleblobaze.
mu xli 16
yvelas aqvs sakuTari pirovnebis Tavisufali
ganviTarebis ufleba.
sakuTari pirovnebis Tavisufali ganviTarebis
ufleba niSnavs mis SeuzRudav uflebas pi-
radad gaakeTos misaRebi arCevani, sakuTa-
ri interesebisa da SesaZleblobebis gaTva-
liswinebiT, damoukideblad gansazRvros
Tavisi adgili, rogorc pirad urTierTo-
bebSi, aseve sazogadoebriv asparezze, gana-
viTaros Tavisi niWi da SesaZleblobebi da
sakuTari SexedulebebiT mimarTos igi sazo-
gadoebrivi cxovrebis ama Tu im sferoSi.
mu xli 17
1. adamianis pativi da Rirseba xelSeuvalia.
2. dauSvebelia adamianis wameba, arahumanuri,
sastiki an pativisa da Rirsebis Semlaxveli
mopyroba da sasjelis gamoyeneba.
adamianis Rirsebisa da pativis xelSeuvaloba
pirovnebis Tavisufali ganviTarebis umniS-
28
Cvenikonstitucia
vnelovanesi garantiaa. nebismier adamians,
miuxedavad misi cxovrebis wesisa, azrisa, Se-
xedulebebisa Tu moqmedebebisa, gaaCnia pa-
tivisa da Rirsebis xelSeuvalobis ufleba.
dauSvebelia adamianis mimarT damamcire-
beli da Seuracxmyofeli mopyroba, anu img-
vari qmedeba, romelic laxavs mis Tavmoyva-
reobas, saxels utexs mas da eWvqveS ayenebs
mis reputacias.
aravis ara aqvs ufleba, awamos piri (rac unda
mZime danaSauli hqondes Cadenili mas), mo-
epyros mas arahumanurad da sastikad. mis
winaaRmdeg mimarTos iseT qmedebebs an gamo-
iyenos iseTi sasjeli, romelic laxavs ada-
mianis Rirsebasa da pativs. sasjelis mizani
ar aris adamianisaTvis fizikuri da sulieri
tkivilis miyeneba, aramed igi miznad isaxavs
damnaSavis gamosworebasa da axali danaSa-
ulis Tavidan acilebas.
mu xli 18
1. adamianis Tavisufleba xelSeuvalia.
2. Tavisuflebis aRkveTa an piradi Tavisuf-
lebis sxvagvari SezRudva dauSvebelia sasa-
marTlos gadawyvetilebis gareSe.
3. adamianis dakaveba dasaSvebia kanoniT gan-
sazRvrul SemTxvevebSi sagangebod ufleba-
mosili piris mier. dakavebuli Tu sxvagva-
rad TavisuflebaSezRuduli piri unda wa-
redginos sasamarTlos gansjadobis mixed-
viT ara ugvianes 48 saaTisa. Tu momdevno 24
saaTis ganmavlobaSi sasamarTlo ar miiRebs
29
gadawyvetilebas dapatimrebis an Tavisuf-
lebis sxvagvari SezRudvis Sesaxeb, piri da-
uyovnebliv unda gaTavisufldes.
4. dauSvebelia dakavebuli Tu sxvagvarad Ta-
visuflebaSezRuduli piris fizikuri an
fsiqikuri iZuleba.
5. dakavebul an dapatimrebul pirs dakavebis
an dapatimrebisTanave unda ganemartos misi
uflebebi da Tavisuflebis SezRudvis sa-
fuZveli. mas dakavebis an dapatimrebisTa-
nave SeuZlia moiTxovos damcvelis daxmare-
ba, rac unda dakmayofildes.
6. danaSaulis CadenaSi eWvmitanilis dakavebis
vada ar unda aRematebodes 72 saaTs, xolo
braldebulis winaswari patimroba _ 9 Tves.*
7. am muxlis moTxovnaTa darRveva isjeba kano-
niT. ukanonod dakavebul an dapatimrebul
pirs aqvs kompensaciis miRebis ufleba.
adamianis Tavisuflebis xelSeuvaloba _ upir-
velesad niSnavs imas, rom aravis ar SeiZleba
SeezRudos an aRekveTos Tavisufleba (mag:
iqnas dakavebuli an dapatimrebuli) Tu amis
Sesaxeb ar arsebobs sasamarTlos gadawyve-
tileba, romelic gamotanil unda iqnas mxo-
lod danaSaulis gamovlenis, misi aRkveTis
anda damnaSavis dasjis mizniT. swored aR-
* saqarTvelos parlamentma miiRo cvlileba
`saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso
kodeqsSi~, romlis Tanaxmad, 2006 wlis
1 ianvridan danaSaulis CadenaSi eWvmitanilis
dakavebis vada ar unda aRematebodes 48 saaTs,
xolo braldebulis winaswari patimroba _
4 Tves.
30
Cvenikonstitucia
niSnuli uflebis uzrunvelsayofad, kons-
titucia maqsimalurad zRudavs sasamarT-
los mier gadawyvetilebis gamotanamde sa-
marTaldamcavi organoebis mier piris daka-
vebis (Tavisuflebis SezRudvis) vadas, ro-
melic saerTo jamSi gansazRvrulia 72 sa-
aTiT. aqedan 48-saaTiani vada dadgenilia
imisaTvis, raTa dakavebuli piri wardgenil
iqnas sasamarTloSi, xolo momdevno 24 sa-
aTSi sasamarTlom unda Seamowmos misi daka-
vebis kanoniereba da gadawyvitos misi gaTa-
visuflebis an Semdgomi dapatimrebis sa-
kiTxi. Tu am vadaSi sasamarTlos mier ar iqna
miRebuli gadawyvetileba, dakavebuli piri
dauyovnebliv unda gaTavisufldes. bral-
debulis, anu im piris, visac ukve wayenebuli
aqvs brali da aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT
Sefardebuli aqvs winaswari patimroba, pa-
timrobis vada ar unda aRematebodes 9 Tves.
amasTan, konstitucia icavs dakavebul an da-
patimrebul pirs raime saxis zewolisagan,
masze fizikuri an fsiqikuri iZulebis gamo-
yenebisagan.
TavisuflebaSezRudul pirs konstitucia misi
dakavebis momentidan aniWebs dacvis ufle-
bas. damcvelis ayvanis moTxovna dauyovneb-
liv unda dakmayofildes samarTaldamcavi
organoebis mier. garda amisa, dakavebul an
dapatimrebul pirs dauyovnebliv unda gane-
martos is mizezebi, rac gaxda misi dakavebis
an dapatimrebis safuZveli da agreTve is
uflebebi, romlebic mas gaaCnia.
31
konstituciis zemoT aRniSnuli moTxovnebis
darRvevis SemTxvevaSi kanoniT gaTvaliswi-
nebulia sasjelis gamoyeneba damrRvevis mi-
marT, xolo samarTaldamcavi organoebis mi-
er am moTxovnebis daucvelad ganxorciele-
buli moqmedebebi miCneul iqneba ukanonod.
ukanonod dakavebul an dapatimrebul pirs,
moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi, aqvs kompensaciis mi-
Rebis ufleba.
piris mimarT Tavisuflebis aRkveTis an sxvag-
varad SezRudvis safuZvlebsa da misi gamo-
yenebis wesebs adgens saqarTvelos sisxlis
samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi.
muxli 19
1. yovel adamians aqvs sityvis, azris, sindisis,
aRmsareblobisa da rwmenis Tavisufleba.
2. dauSvebelia adamianis devna sityvis, azris,
aRmsareblobis an rwmenis gamo, agreTve misi
iZuleba, gamoTqvas Tavisi Sexeduleba maT
Sesaxeb.
3. dauSvebelia am muxlSi CamoTvlilTavisuf-
lebaTa SezRudva, Tu maTi gamovlineba ar
laxavs sxvaTa uflebebs.
konstituciiT ganmtkicebulia sityvis, azris,
sindisis, aRmsareblobisa da rwmenis Tavi-
sufleba. yvela adamians aqvs ufleba iqoni-
os sakuTari azri nebismier sakiTxze da Ta-
visuflad gamoTqvas igi. rwmenisa da aRmsa-
reblobis sruli Tavisufleba niSnavs ada-
32
Cvenikonstitucia
mianis uflebas, individualurad an sxveb-
Tan erTad aRiaros nebismieri religia an sa-
erTod uaryos igi, Tavisuflad SearCios,
miiRos an gaavrcelos nebismieri religiuri
Sexedulebebi da sulieri faseulobebi, iqo-
nios da Tavisuflad gamoTqvas Tavisi azri
ama Tu im sakiTxze. am saxiT garantirebuli
uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi moqalaqes Se-
saZleblobas aZlevs damoukideblad, mxo-
lod Sinagani rwmenis safuZvelze gadawyvi-
tos sakuTari religiuri kuTvnilebis sa-
kiTxi da airCios mis msoflmxedvelobasTan
yvelaze axlos mdgomi religiuri an filo-
sofiuri mimdinareoba, maT Soris iseTic,
romelic ar miekuTvneba tradiciulad miC-
neul mimdinareobebs.
saxelmwifos funqciaa pirovnebis Tavisufali
nebis realizaciisaTvis saTanado garemos
Seqmna da misi dacva iseTi zemoqmedebisagan,
romelmac SeiZleba am uflebebis darRveva
gamoiwvios. Tumca aRniSnuli uflebebis re-
alizaciam ar unda xelyos sxva pirTa kano-
nieri uflebebi.
muxli 20
1. yoveli adamianis piradi cxovreba, piradi
saqmianobis adgili, piradi Canaweri, mimowe-
ra, saubari satelefono da sxva saxis teqni-
kuri saSualebiT, agreTve teqnikuri saSu-
alebebiT miRebuli Setyobinebani xelSeuxe-
belia. aRniSnuli uflebebis SezRudva da-
33
iSveba sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT an mis
gareSec, kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli gada-
udebeli aucileblobisas.
2. aravis ara aqvs ufleba Sevides sacxovrebel
binaSi da sxva mflobelobaSi mflobel pir-
Ta nebis sawinaaRmdegod, agreTve Caataros
Cxreka, Tu ar aris sasamarTlos gadawyve-
tileba an kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli gada-
udebeli aucilebloba.
piradi cxovrebis xelSeuvaloba moqalaqis
erT-erTi fundamenturi piradi uflebaa da
moicavs uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa mTel
kompleqss. igi gulisxmobs pirad da ojaxur
cxovrebasTan dakavSirebuli saidumloebe-
bis kanonis safuZvelze dacvas. aRniSnul
uflebebSi Sedis mimoweris, yvela saxis sa-
fosto-satelegrafo gzavnilebisa da sxva
kavSirebis (satelefono) saidumloeba. ara-
vis aqvs ufleba gaxsnas, gaecnos an sajarod
gamoaqveynos korespondenciebis Sinaarsi.
mimoweris saidumloebis SezRudva SesaZle-
belia sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT an im
SemTxvevaSi, Tu es aucilebelia danaSaul-
Tan brZolisaTvis, sazogadoebrivi werigisa
da saxelmwifo uSiSroebis dacvisaTvis.
binis xelSeuxebloba niSnavs imas, rom aravis
aqvs ufleba, Sevides sxvis sacxovrebel bi-
naSi misi mflobelis Tanxmobis gareSe. binis
Cxreka SeiZleba Catardes mxolod sasamar-
Tlo gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze an kano-
niT gaTvaliswinebul sxva SemTxvevebSi.
34
Cvenikonstitucia
aRniSnul uflebaTa SezRudvis safuZvlebi da
misi ganxorcielebis wesebi dadgenilia sa-
qarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso
kodeqsiTa da `operatiul-samZebro saqmi-
anobis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT.
mu xli 21
1. sakuTreba da memkvidreobis ufleba aRiare-
buli da uzrunvelyofilia. dauSvebelia sa-
kuTrebis, misi SeZenis, gasxvisebis an memk-
vidreobiT miRebis sayovelTao uflebis ga-
uqmeba.
2. aucilebeli sazogadoebrivi saWiroebisaT-
vis dasaSvebia pirvel punqtSi aRniSnul uf-
lebaTa SezRudva kanoniT gansazRvrul Sem-
TxvevebSi da dadgenili wesiT.
3. aucilebeli sazogadoebrivi saWiroebisaT-
vis sakuTrebis CamorTmeva dasaSvebia kano-
niT pirdapir dadgenil SemTxvevebSi, sasa-
marTlos gadawyvetilebiT an organuli ka-
noniT dadgenili gadaudebeli aucileblo-
bisas da mxolod saTanado anazRaurebiT.
sakuTrebis ufleba niSnavs mesakuTris ufle-
bas Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr flobdes, sar-
geblobdes da gankargavdes Tavis uZrav da
moZrav qonebas. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-
biT, moqalaqis sakuTrebaSi SeiZleba iyos
sacxovrebeli saxlebi, binebi, agarakebi, sa-
ojaxo meurneobisa da piradi moxmarebis
sagnebi, fuladi saxsrebi, aqciebi, sxva fa-
siani qaRaldebi, masobrivi informaciis sa-
35
Sualebebi, sawarmoebi, Senobebi, mowyobi-
lobebi, satransporto saSualebebi, miwa da
sxva qoneba. moqalaqeTa mier kanonis Sesaba-
misad SeZenili qonebis odenoba da Rirebu-
leba ar aris SezRuduli. memkvidreobis uf-
leba ki niSnavs, rom pirma sakuTrebaSi mi-
iRos sxva mesakuTris qoneba misi gardacva-
lebis Semdeg rogorc naTesauri kavSiris,
aseve anderZis safuZvelze.
sakuTrebisa da memkvidreobis ufleba aRiare-
buli da uzrunvelyofilia, Tumca kons-
tituciiT gaTvaliswinebulia aseve gamonak-
lisi SemTxvevebic, rodesac aucilebeli sa-
zogadoebrivi saWiroebisaTvis SesaZlebeli
xdeba sakuTrebis CamorTmeva. `sazogadoeb-
rivi saWiroebisaTvis gadaudebeli auci-
leblobisas sakuTrebis CamorTmevis wesis
Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT, ga-
daudebel aucileblobas ganekuTvneba viTa-
reba, romlis drosac ekologiuri katast-
rofis, stiqiuri ubedurebis, epidemiis, epi-
zootiis gamo safrTxe eqmneba adamianTa si-
cocxlesa da janmrTelobas, saxelmwifo an
sazogadoebriv uSiSroebas, xolo `aucile-
beli sazogadoebrivi saWiroebisaTvis sa-
kuTrebis CamorTmevis wesis Sesaxeb~ saqarT-
velos kanoni iTvaliswinebs sakuTrebis Ca-
morTmevas iseT SemTxvevebSi, rogorebicaa
gzisa da magistralis gayvana-mSenebloba,
rkinigzis xazebis gayvana, navTobis, buneb-
rivi gazisa da navTobproduqtebis milsade-
nebis gayvana, eleqtroenergiis gadamcemi da
36
Cvenikonstitucia
gamanawilebeli xazebis mSenebloba, wyalmo-
maragebis, kanalizaciisa da atmosferuli
naleqebis koleqtoruli xazebis gayvana, sa-
telefono xazebis gayvana, satelevizio ka-
belebis gayvana, sazogadoebrivi saWiroebi-
saTvis aucilebeli nagebobisa da obieqtis
mSenebloba, erovnuli TavdacvisaTvis saWi-
ro samuSaoebis Catareba, Tumca, yvela Sem-
TxvevaSi sakuTrebis CamorTmeva unda mox-
des mxolod saTanado anazRaurebiT.
mu xli 22
1. yvelas, vinc kanonierad imyofeba saqarTve-
loSi, aqvs qveynis mTel teritoriaze Tavi-
sufali mimosvlisa da sacxovrebeli adgi-
lis Tavisufali arCevis ufleba.
2. yvelas, vinc kanonierad imyofeba saqarTve-
loSi, SeuZlia Tavisuflad gavides saqarT-
velodan. saqarTvelos moqalaqes SeuZlia
Tavisuflad Semovides saqarTveloSi.
3. am uflebaTa SezRudva SeiZleba mxolod
kanonis Sesabamisad, demokratiuli sazoga-
doebis arsebobisaTvis aucilebeli saxelm-
wifo uSiSroebis an sazogadoebrivi usafr-
Txoebis uzrunvelyofis, janmrTelobis
dacvis, danaSaulis Tavidan acilebis an mar-
Tlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis mizniT.
yvela pirs, vinc kanonierad imyofeba saqarTve-
loSi, SeuZlia daubrkoleblad imoZraos,
SearCios droebiTi an mudmivi adgilsamyo-
feli, icxovros qveynis teritoriis nebis-
37
mier adgilas, aseve Tavisuflad gavides
saxelmwifodan da dabrundes ukan, kanonis
moTxovnebis dacviT. Tumca demokratiuli
sazogadoebisaTvis aucilebeli saxelmwifo
uSiSroebis an sazogadoebrivi usafrTxo-
ebis uzrunvelyofis, janmrTelobis dacvis,
danaSaulis Tavidan acilebis an marTlmsa-
julebis ganxorcielebis mizniT SesaZlebe-
lia am uflebaTa SezRudva kanonis Sesabami-
sad. saqarTvelos moqalaqeebis saqarTvelo-
dan gasvlisa da saqarTveloSi Semosvlis we-
sebs adgens saqarTvelos kanoni `saqarTve-
los moqalaqeebis saqarTvelodan droebiTi
gasvlis da saqarTveloSi Semosvlis wesebis
Sesaxeb~.
muxli 23
1. inteleqtualuri Semoqmedebis Tavisufle-
ba uzrunvelyofilia. inteleqtualuri sa-
kuTrebis ufleba xelSeuvalia.
2. SemoqmedebiT procesSi Careva, Semoqmedebi-
Ti saqmianobis sferoSi cenzura dauSvebe-
lia.
3. SemoqmedebiTi nawarmoebis dayadaReba da
gavrcelebis akrZalva dauSvebelia, Tu misi
gavrceleba ar laxavs sxva adamianis kanoni-
er uflebebs.
inteleqtualuri Semoqmedebis Tavisufleba
gulisxmobs SemoqmedebiT procesSi Caurev-
lobas da cenzuris dauSveblobas. adamians
ufleba aqvs Tavisi Sexedulebisa da SesaZ-
38
Cvenikonstitucia
leblobebis Sesabamisad Seqmnas Semoqmede-
biTi nawarmoebi, xolo saxelmwifos ufleba
ara aqvs Caerios SemoqmedebiT procesSi, da-
ayadaRos, akrZalos SemoqmedebiTi nawarmo-
ebis gavrceleba an amgvari nawarmoebis Seq-
mnisaTvis dasajos adamiani, Tumca, amave
dros konstitucia SesaZleblad miiCnevs Se-
moqmedebiTi nawarmoebis dayadaRebas da
gavrcelebis akrZalvas, Tu misi gavrceleba
laxavs sxva adamianebis kanonier uflebebs.
konstituciiT gaTvaliswinebulia agreTve
iseTi uflebebic, rogoricaa xelovnebis
Tavisufleba, kulturul cxovrebaSi Tavi-
sufali monawileobisa da kulturuli fase-
ulobebiT sargeblobis ufleba.
muxli 24
1. yovel adamians aqvs ufleba Tavisuflad
miiRos da gaavrcelos informacia, gamoTq-
vas da gaavrcelos Tavisi azri zepirad, we-
rilobiT an sxvagvari saSualebiT.
2. masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi Tavisu-
falia. cenzura dauSvebelia.
3. saxelmwifos an calkeul pirebs ara aqvT ma-
sobrivi informaciis an misi gavrcelebis sa-
SualebaTa monopolizaciis ufleba.
4. am muxlis pirvel da meore punqtebSi CamoT-
vlil uflebaTa ganxorcieleba SesaZlebe-
lia kanoniT SeizRudos iseTi pirobebiT,
romlebic aucilebelia demokratiul sazo-
gadoebaSi saxelmwifo uSiSroebis, terito-
rialuri mTlianobis an sazogadoebrivi
usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad, danaSa-
39
ulis Tavidan asacileblad, sxvaTa uflebe-
bisa da Rirsebis dasacavad, konfidencialu-
rad aRiarebuli informaciis gamJRavnebis
Tavidan asacileblad an sasamarTlos damo-
ukideblobisa da miukerZoeblobis uzrun-
velsayofad.
informaciis Tavisufleba moicavs sityvis, beW-
dvis da sxva masobrivi informaciis saSu-
alebebis (presa, televizia, radio) Tavisuf-
lebas, informaciis miRebis uflebas, ro-
melsac gaaCnia sazogadoebrivi mniSvneloba
da informaciis gavrcelebis Tavisuflebas,
nebismieri kanonieri saSualebebiT.
sityvis Tavisufleba warmoadgens moqalaqis
SesaZleblobas _ sajarod (werilobiT, zepi-
rad, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis
gamoyenebiT) gamoxatos Tavisi azri. infor-
maciis Tavisuflebis mniSvnelovan garanti-
as warmoadgens masobrivi informaciis saSu-
alebebis Tavisufleba da maTze cenzuris
akrZalva, adamianis devnis dauSvebloba sit-
yvis, azris Tavisuflad gamoTqmis gamo. kon-
stitucia rogorc calkeul pirebs, aseve
TviT saxelmwifosac ki, arTmevs masobrivi
informaciis an misi gavrcelebis saSuale-
baTa monopolizaciis, anu erTi piris xelSi
Tavmoyris uflebas. amasTan, konstitucia
iTvaliswinebs informaciis gavrcelebis
SezRudvas iseT SemTxvevaSi, rodesac es
aucilebelia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi
saxelmwifo uSiSroebis, teritoriuli
40
Cvenikonstitucia
mTlianobis an sazogadoebrivi usafrTxo-
ebis uzrunvelsayofad, danaSaulis Tavidan
asacileblad, sxvaTa uflebebisa da Rir-
sebis dasacavad, konfidencialurad aRiare-
buli informaciis gamJRavnebis Tavidan asa-
cileblad an sasamarTlos damoukideblo-
bisa da miukerZoeblobis uzrunvelsayofad.
am sakiTxebis detaluri reglamentacia mo-
cemulia `sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuf-
lebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi.
muxli 25
1. yvelas, garda im pirebisa, romlebic arian
samxedro Zalebis, policiisa da uSiSroebis
samsaxuris SemadgenlobaSi, ufleba aqvs wi-
naswari nebarTvis gareSe Seikribos sajarod
da uiaraRod rogorc WerqveS, ise gareT.
2. kanoniT SeiZleba dawesdes xelisuflebis
winaswari gafrTxilebis aucilebloba, Tu
Sekreba an manifestacia xalxisa da trans-
portis samoZrao adgilas imarTeba.
3. xelisuflebas SeuZlia Sekrebis an manifes-
taciis Sewyveta mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu
man kanonsawinaaRmdego xasiaTi miiRo.
moqalaqeebs SeuZliaT Tavisuflad, yovelgva-
ri nebarTvis gareSe, uiaraRod Seikribon
rogorc daxurul SenobaSi, WerqveS, ise ga-
reT _ Ria cis qveS demonstraciebis, msvle-
lobebis, mitingebis, piketebis Catarebisa da
sxva nebismieri gamosvlebis ganxorcielebis
mizniT. xelisuflebis winaswar gafrTxile-
ba aucilebelia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu
41
Sekreba an manifestacia xalxisa da trans-
portis samoZrao adgilas imarTeba. amasTan,
Tu Sekrebebs da manifestaciebs aqvs kanon-
sawinaaRmdego xasiaTi, magaliTad, Seiara-
Rebuli, aramSvidobiani xasiaTi, aseT SemTx-
vevaSi xelisuflebas SeuZlia maTi Sewyveta.
am uflebiT sargebloba SezRuduli aqvT pi-
rebs, romlebic imyofebian samxedro Zale-
bis, policiisa da uSiSroebis samsaxurebis
SemadgenlobaSi. am uflebis SezRudva gan-
pirobebulia am kategoriis pirTa samsaxu-
ris specifikurobidan. Sekrebisa da mani-
festaciebis Catarebis wesebs adgens `Sekre-
bebisa da manifestaciebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTve-
los kanoni.
mu xli 26
1. yvelas aqvs sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebebis,
maT Soris profesiuli kavSirebis Seqmnisa
da maTSi gaerTianebis ufleba.
2. saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT or-
ganuli kanonis Sesabamisad Seqmnan politi-
kuri partia, sxva gaerTianeba da monawile-
oba miiRon mis saqmianobaSi.
3. dauSvebelia iseTi sazogadoebrivi da poli-
tikuri gaerTianebis Seqmna da saqmianoba,
romlis mizania saqarTvelos konstituci-
uri wyobilebis damxoba an ZaladobiT Secv-
la, qveynis damoukideblobis xelyofa, te-
ritoriuli mTlianobis darRveva, an rome-
lic eweva omis an Zaladobis propagandas,
42
Cvenikonstitucia
aRvivebs erovnul, kuTxur, religiur an so-
cialur SuRls.
4. dauSvebelia sazogadoebriv da politikur
gaerTianebaTa mier SeiaraRebuli formire-
bebis Seqmna.
5. piri, romelic Cairicxeba samxedro Zalebis,
saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an Sinagan saqmeTa
organoebis pirad SemadgenlobaSi, gamwesde-
ba mosamarTled an prokurorad, wyvets po-
litikuri gaerTianebis wevrobas.
6. sazogadoebriv da politikur gaerTianeba-
Ta saqmianobis SeCereba an maTi akrZalva Se-
iZleba mxolod sasamarTlos gadawyvetile-
biT, organuli kanoniT gansazRvrul SemTx-
vevebSi da dadgenili wesiT.
gaerTianebis ufleba gulisxmobs moqalaqeebi-
saTvis saerTo politikuri an ideuri Sexe-
dulebebis safuZvelze an garkveuli profe-
siuli niSniT, kanonis farglebSi, nebismieri
sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebis, profesiuli
kavSirisa da politikuri partiis Seqmnis
uflebas. amasTan, saqarTvelos konstitu-
ciiT ikrZaleba moqalaqeTa iseTi sazogado-
ebrivi da politikuri gaerTianebis Seqmna
da saqmianoba, romelic miznad isaxavs sa-
qarTvelos konstituciuri wyobilebis dam-
xobas an ZaladobiT Secvlas, qveynis damo-
ukideblobis xelyofas, teritoriuli mTli-
anobis darRvevas, an romelic eweva omis an
Zaladobis propagandas, aRvivebs erovnul,
kuTxur, religiur an socialur SuRls. kon-
stitucia aseve krZalavs sazogadoebriv da
43
politikur gaerTianebaTa mier SeiaraRebu-
li formirebebis Seqmnas, radgan SeiaraRe-
buli formirebebis Seqmna mxolod saxel-
mwifos uflebas warmoadgens da igi emsaxu-
reba mxolod saxelmwifos Tavdacvis, sazo-
gadoebrivi wesrigis dacvisa da damnaSave-
obasTan brZolis interesebs.
gaerTianebis ufleba gulisxmobs yvela gaer-
Tianebis Tanasworobisa da Tavisufali saq-
mianobis princips. sazogadoebrivi da poli-
tikuri gaerTianebis saqmianobis SeCereba an
akrZalva SesaZlebelia mxolod sasamarT-
los gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze, kanoniT
gansazRvrul SemTxvevaSi. marTalia, gaer-
Tianebis ufleba gaaCnia yvela moqalaqes,
magram konstitucia iTvaliswinebs aseve Sez-
Rudvebs moqalaqeTa garkveuli kategoriis
mimarT. kerZod, politikuri gaerTianebis
wevroba Seuwydeba pirs, romelic Cairicxeba
samxedro Zalebis, saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an
Sinagan saqmeTa organoebis pirad Semadgen-
lobaSi, an Tu gamwesdeba mosamarTled an
prokurorad.
sazogadoebrivi da politikuri gaerTianebebis
Seqmnisa da saqmianobis wesebi gansazRvru-
lia `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebe-
bis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT, `sazoga-
doebriv gaerTianebaTa saqmianobis SeCere-
bisa da akrZalvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos or-
ganuli kanoniT, `profesiuli kavSirebis
Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniTa da saqarTve-
los samoqalaqo kodeqsiT.
44
Cvenikonstitucia
mu xli 28
1. saqarTvelos yovel moqalaqes 18 wlis asa-
kidan aqvs referendumSi, saxelmwifo da
TviTmmarTvelobisorganoebis arCevnebSi mo-
nawileobis ufleba. uzrunvelyofilia amom-
rCevelTa nebis Tavisufali gamovlineba.
2. arCevnebsa da referendumSi monawileobis
ufleba ara aqvs moqalaqes, romelic sasa-
marTlom qmeduunarod cno an sasamarTlos
ganaCeniT imyofeba sasjelis aRsrulebis
dawesebulebaSi.
arCevnebi da referendumi is demokratiuli
meqanizmebia, romelTa saSualebiTac xalxi
axorcielebs Tavis xelisuflebas. arCevne-
bis gziT moqalaqeebi irCeven saxelmwifos
umaRles da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-
bis organoebs, xolo referendumis, anu sa-
yovelTao-saxalxo kenWisyris saSualebiT
moqalaqeebi gamoxataven TavianT nebas ama
Tu im saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis sakiT-
xebTan dakavSirebiT da amgvari nebis gamoxa-
tulebas Sesasruleblad savaldebulo Zala
gaaCnia.
saqarTvelos konstituciiT, saqarTvelos mo-
qalaqes 18 wlis asakidan miniWebuli aqvs
aqtiuri saarCevno ufleba, rac niSnavs mo-
qalaqeTa uflebas _ airCion warmomadgenle-
bi saxelmwifo da TviTmmarTvelobis orga-
noebSi. aseve uflebas, miiRon monawileoba
sayovelTao-saxalxo kenWisyraSi, anu refe-
45
rendumSi. aqtiuri saarCevno ufleba SezRu-
duli aqvT moqalaqeebs, romlebic sasamar-
Tlom cno qmeduunarod da moqalaqeebs,
romlebic sasamarTlos ganaCeniT imyofe-
bian sasjelis aRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi.
saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs amomrCevelTa nebis
Tavisufal gamovlinebas, rac gulisxmobs
amomrCevlis nebis dacvas daSinebis, muqaris
da sxva nebismieri saxis zewolisagan. saxel-
mwifo warmoadgens imis garantias, rom moqa-
laqeebma arCevnebsa da referendumSi xma
miscen mxolodTavianTi Sexedulebisa da Si-
nagani rwmenis safuZvelze. arCevnebsa da re-
ferendumTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi re-
gulirdeba saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT
_ `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsiT~ da `re-
ferendumis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organu-
li kanoniT.
muxli 29
1. saqarTvelos yovel moqalaqes ufleba aqvs
daikavos nebismieri saxelmwifo Tanamdebo-
ba, Tu igi akmayofilebs kanonmdeblobiT
dadgenil moTxovnebs.
2. saxelmwifo samsaxuris pirobebi ganisazRv-
reba kanoniT.
saqarTvelos konstitucia moqalaqes aniWebs
Tanabar uflebas, daikavos nebismieri sa-
xelmwifo Tanamdeboba, Tu igi akmayofilebs
kanoniT dadgenil moTxovnebs. ama Tu im sa-
46
Cvenikonstitucia
xelmwifo Tanamdebobis dasakaveblad kano-
niT dadgenilia garkveuli moTxovnebi, ro-
melsac unda akmayofilebdes moqalaqe, raTa
daikavos miTiTebuli Tanamdeboba da yvela
im moqalaqes, romelic akmayofilebs aRniS-
nul moTxovnebs, gaaCniaT Tanabari ufleba
am Tanamdebobis dasakaveblad. kanoniT dad-
genil ZiriTad moTxovnebs ama Tu im Tanam-
debobis dasakaveblad warmoadgens gansazR-
vruli asaki, saxelmwifo enis codna, Sesa-
bamisi ganaTleba, rac dakavSirebulia am Ta-
namdebobis specifikasTan, garkveuli sta-
Jisa da gamocdilebis floba da a. S. dauSve-
belia moqalaqisaTvis saxelmwifo an adgi-
lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebSi
Tanamdebobis dakavebis uflebis SezRudva
raime iseTi safuZvliT, romelic kanoniT ar
aris gaTvaliswinebuli. saxelmwifo an adgi-
lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebSi
saqmianobis sakiTxebi regulirdeba `sajaro
samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT.
mu xli 30
1. Sroma Tavisufalia.
2. saxelmwifo valdebulia xeli Seuwyos Ta-
visufali mewarmeobisa da konkurenciis gan-
viTarebas. akrZalulia monopoliuri saqmi-
anoba, garda kanoniT daSvebuli SemTxveve-
bisa. momxmarebelTa uflebebi daculia ka-
noniT.
3. SromiTi urTierTobis momwesrigebel saer-
TaSoriso SeTanxmebaTa safuZvelze saxelm-
47
wifo icavs saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa SromiT
uflebebs sazRvargareT.
4. SromiTi uflebebis dacva, Sromis samarT-
liani anazRaureba da usafrTxo, jansaRi
pirobebi, arasrulwlovanisa da qalis Sro-
mis pirobebi ganisazRvreba kanoniT.
Sromis Tavisufleba gulisxmobs moqalaqis mi-
er sakuTari SromiTi SesaZleblobebis Tavi-
sufal gamoyenebas, saqmianobis saxisa da
profesiis Tavisuflad SerCevas, aseve iZu-
lebiTi muSaobis akrZalvas. mxolod moqa-
laqes gaaCnia ufleba Tavad gadawyvitos _
Caebas Tu ara SromiT saqmianobaSi, romeli
profesia da saqmianobis sfero airCios. ara-
vis ar aqvs ufleba aukrZalos an sxvagvarad
SeuzRudos moqalaqes es ufleba an iZule-
biT Caabas igi SromiT saqmianobaSi. TviT
msjavrdebulic ki, romelic danaSaulisaT-
vis sasjels ixdis sasjelaRsrulebis dawe-
sebulebaSi, sargeblobs Sromis Tavisuf-
lebiT. amasTan, saxelmwifo valdebulebas
kisrulobs _ uzrunvelyos moqalaqeTaTvis
Sromis usafrTxo da jansaRi pirobebi, Sro-
mis samarTliani anazRaureba. saxelmwifo-
saTvis gansakuTrebuli zrunvis sagans war-
moadgens arasrulwlovanisa da qalis Sroma,
romelTaTvisac kanoni adgens Sromis gansa-
kuTrebul pirobebs. saxelmwifo aseve iRebs
valdebulebas, rom moqalaqis SromiTi uf-
lebebi daicvas ara mxolod saqarTveloSi,
aramed sazRvargareTac, rac xorcieldeba
SromiTi urTierTobebis momwesrigebel sa-
48
Cvenikonstitucia
erTaSoriso SeTanxmebaTa safuZvelze. Sro-
miT urTierTobebTan dakavSirebul sakiT-
xebs aregulirebs saqarTvelos Sromis ka-
nonTa kodeqsi.
konstituciam Sromis Tavisuflebisa da sabaz-
ro ekonomikis ganmtkicebis mizniT aRiara
Tavisufali mewarmeoba, konkurenciis ganvi-
Tareba da monopoliuri saqmianobis akrZal-
va. mewarmeobis Tavisufleba gulisxmobs mo-
qalaqis uflebas, Tavisuflad gamoiyenos
sakuTari SesaZleblobebi da qoneba samewar-
meo saqmianobisaTvis. amasTan, igi gulisx-
mobs sawarmoebis Seqmnis uflebas, warmoebis
saSualebebis flobisa da gankargvis, miRe-
buli mogebis damoukideblad gankargvis
uflebas. am uflebis ganmtkicebiT Tavad
saxelmwifoc aris dainteresebuli, vinaidan
saxelmwifos ekonomikuri siZliere swored
Tavisufali mewarmeobis ganviTarebazea da-
mokidebuli, amitom saxelmwifo xels uw-
yobs konkurentuli garemos Seqmnas da, gan-
sakuTrebuli gamonaklisebis garda, krZa-
lavs ama Tu im saqmianobis monopolizacias.
mewarmeobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi re-
gulirdeba `mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~, `monopoli-
uri saqmianobisa da konkurenciis Sesaxeb~,
`momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb~
saqarTvelos kanonebiT, saqarTvelos samo-
qalaqo kodeqsiTa da sxva normatiuli aqte-
biT.
49
muxli 32
saxelmwifo xels uwyobs umuSevrad darCenil
saqarTvelos moqalaqes dasaqmebaSi. saarse-
bo minimumiT uzrunvelyofis pirobebi da
umuSevris statusi ganisazRvreba kanoniT.
Sromis Tavisufleba pirovnebas aniWebs SesaZ-
leblobas Tavad gadawyvitos sakuTari Sro-
mis sakiTxi, magram, rogorc wesi, Sroma ada-
mianis cxovrebisa da misi arsebobis aucile-
beli faqtoria. Sromis saSualebiT iRebs
adamiani gasamrjelos da ikmayofilebs Ta-
vis moTxovnilebebs. amitom saxelmwifo ara
mxolod icavs moqalaqis SromiT uflebebs,
aramed aseve kisrulobs valdebulebas, raTa
xeli Seuwyos da daexmaros mas dasaqmebaSi,
xolo umuSevrad darCenil moqalaqes ki uz-
runvelyofs saarsebo minimumiT.
konstituciiT ganmtkicebulia saxelmwifos
movaleoba, izrunos Sesabamisi pirobebis Se-
saqmnelad, raTa yvela msurveli uzrunvel-
yos samuSao adgiliT. am sakiTxebs areguli-
rebs `dasaqmebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kano-
ni.
muxli 33
gaficvis ufleba aRiarebulia. am uflebis gan-
xorcielebis wesi ganisazRvreba kanoniT.
kanoni adgens agreTve sasicocxlod mniSvne-
lovani samsaxurebis saqmianobis garantiebs.
50
Cvenikonstitucia
gaficvis ufleba erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi
garantiaa moqalaqeTa SromiTi, socialuri,
ekonomikuri da sxva saxis uflebebis dasa-
cavad. igi gulisxmobs muSa-mosamsaxureebis
mier samuSaos koleqtiur Sewyvetas da sa-
xelmwifosadmi an mewarmeebisadmi ekonomi-
kuri (xandaxan politikuric) moTxovnebis
wayenebas. Tumca, konstitucia garkveulwi-
lad iTvaliswinebs gaficvis uflebis Sez-
Rudvasac. kerZod, gaficvis ufleba ar gaaC-
niaT samxedro mosamsaxureebs, Sinagan saq-
meTa organoebisa da saxelmwifo uSiSroebis
TanamSromlebs, saxelmwifo mosamsaxureebs.
amgvari SezRudva ganpirobebulia saxelmwi-
fos interesebiT, vinaidan samxedro mosam-
saxureTa, saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an poli-
ciis TanamSromelTa gaficvam SesaZlebelia
gamoiwvios sazogadoebrivi wesrigis darR-
veva, danaSaulebebis gaaqtiureba, saxelmwi-
fo uSiSroebis xelyofa da sxva umarTavi
procesebi.
gaficva iTvleba kanonierad, Tu igi daiwyo da
Catarda kanonmdeblobis normebis Sesabami-
sad. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, igi sasamarTlo
wesiT cnobil iqneba ukanonod da aseT ga-
ficvaSi monawileoba gamoiwvevs damnaSave
pirebis pasuxismgeblobas.
muxli 35
1. yvelas aqvs ganaTlebis miRebisa da misi
formis arCevis ufleba.
51
2. saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs saganmanaTleb-
lo programebis Sesabamisobas saerTaSori-
so wesebTan da standartebTan.
3. skolamdel aRzrdas uzrunvelyofs saxelm-
wifo. dawyebiTi da sabazo ganaTleba saval-
debuloa. moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT kanoniT
dadgenili wesiT da gansazRvrul farg-
lebSi saxelmwifo saswavleblebSi ufasod
miiRon saSualo, profesiuli da umaRlesi
ganaTleba.
4. saxelmwifo mxars uWers saganmanaTleblo
dawesebulebebs kanoniT dadgenili wesiT.
ganaTlebis ufleba moqalaqeTa erT-erTi arse-
biTi socialuri uflebaa da igi qmnis ro-
gorc misi pirovnebis, aseve mTeli sazoga-
doebis ganviTarebis winapirobebs. ganaTle-
bis ufleba moicavs ufasod saxelmwifo sas-
wavleblebSi dawyebiTi, saSualo, specialu-
ri da umaRlesi ganaTlebis miRebis ufle-
bas, ganaTlebis sayovelTaobas, mSoblebis
mierTavianTi bavSvebisaTvis swavlebis for-
mis (religiuri, saero) SerCevis SesaZleb-
lobas, kerZo saswavlo dawesebulebebis
Camoyalibebis uflebas. amasTan, daSvebulia
saxelmwifos umaRles saswavleblebSi ro-
gorc ufaso, ise fasiani swavlebis formebi.
konstitucia ganaTlebis uflebas ganamtki-
cebs mSobelTa movaleobiT, raTa maT uz-
runvelyon SvilebisaTvis dawyebiTi ganaT-
lebis miReba. igi savaldebulod acxadebs
dawyebiT da sabazo ganaTlebas. rac Seexeba
saSualo da umaRles ganaTlebas, misi miReba
52
Cvenikonstitucia
pirovnebis survilsa da SesaZleblobazea
damokidebuli. garda amisa, saxelmwifo
qmnis skolamdeli aRzrdis pirobebs, rac
gulisxmobs yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdom bav-
SvTa ufaso baga-baRebis funqcionirebas.
ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi re-
gulirdeba `ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~, `umaRlesi
ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ da `dawyebiTi profesi-
uli ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kano-
nebiT.
mu xli 36
1. qorwineba emyareba meuRleTa uflebriv Ta-
nasworobasa da nebayoflobas.
2. saxelmwifo xels uwyobs ojaxis keTildRe-
obas.
3. dedaTa da bavSvTa uflebebi daculia kano-
niT.
qorwineba aris qalisa da mamakacis nebayoflo-
biTi kavSiri, romelic miznad isaxavs ojaxis
Seqmnas. konstitucia saxelmwifos avalde-
bulebs xeli Seuwyos ojaxis keTildReobas.
qorwinebis nebayofloba gulisxmobs qorwine-
bas mxolod orive meuRlis nebis Sesabami-
sad. Tu qorwineba Sedga iZulebis, daSinebis
an motyuebis Sedegad, aseTi qorwineba uka-
nonoa da igi baTilad gamocxaddeba.
meuRleTa uflebrivi Tanasworoba niSnavs imas,
rom saojaxo urTierTobebSi meuRleebs ga-
53
aCniaT Tanabari uflebebi da ekisrebaT Ta-
nabari movaleobebi. daqorwinebisas da sa-
ojaxo urTierTobebSi ar daiSveba meuRle-
Ta uflebebis SezRudva, romelime maTgani-
saTvis upiratesobis miniWeba warmoSobis,
socialuri da qonebrivi mdgomareobis, ra-
sobrivi da erovnuli kuTvnilebis, sqesis,
ganaTlebis, enis, religiisadmi damokidebu-
lebis, saqmianobis saxeobisa da xasiaTis,
sacxovrebeli adgilisa da sxva garemoebaTa
mixedviT.
konstitucia gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas ani-
Webs dedaTa da bavSvTa uflebebs da avalde-
bulebs saxelmwifos, rom man kanonebSi asa-
xos da ganamtkicos es uflebebi. saqorwino
da saojaxo urTierTobebisas warmoSobil
sakiTxebs aregulirebs saqarTvelos samoqa-
laqo kodeqsi.
muxli 37
1. yvelas aqvs ufleba isargeblos janmrTelo-
bis dazRveviT, rogorc xelmisawvdomi same-
dicino daxmarebis saSualebiT. kanoniT
dadgenili wesiT gansazRvrul pirobebSi
uzrunvelyofilia ufaso samedicino daxma-
reba.
2. saxelmwifo akontrolebs janmrTelobis
dacvis yvela dawesebulebas, samkurnalo
saSualebaTa warmoebas da am saSualebebiT
vaWrobas.
3. yvelas aqvs ufleba cxovrobdes janmrTe-
54
Cvenikonstitucia
lobisaTvis uvnebel garemoSi, sargeblob-
des bunebrivi da kulturuli garemoTi. yve-
la valdebulia gaufrTxildes bunebriv da
kulturul garemos.
4. adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo ga-
remos uzrunvelsayofad, sazogadoebis eko-
logiuri da ekonomikuri interesebis Sesa-
bamisad, axlandeli da momavali Taobebis
interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT saxelmwifo
uzrunvelyofs garemos dacvasa da raci-
onalur bunebaTsargeblobas.
5. adamians ufleba aqvs miiRos sruli, obieq-
turi da drouli informacia misi samuSao
da sacxovrebeli garemos mdgomareobis Se-
saxeb.
adamianis janmrTeloba iseTive xelSeuvali
Rirebulebaa, rogorc sicocxle. dauSvebe-
lia adamianis janmrTelobis xelyofa, rac
unda mZime danaSauli Caidinos man. konsti-
tucia ganamtkicebs janmrTelobis dacvis
uflebas da am uflebis realizebis erT-erT
meqanizmad miiCnevs janmrTelobis dazRve-
vas, rogorc moqalaqisaTvis xelmisawvdom
samedicino daxmarebis saSualebas.
janmrTelobis dazRvevis arsi mdgomareobs
imaSi, rom moqalaqe socialuri dazRvevis
organoebTan debs xelSekrulebas samedici-
no momsaxurebis Sesaxeb da uxdis mas gaci-
lebiT mcire odenobis sadazRvevo Tanxas,
vidre realurad saWiroa ama Tu im saxis sa-
medicino momsaxurebisaTvis. maSin, rodesac
55
moqalaqes dasWirdeba samedicino momsaxu-
reba, igi samedicino dawesebulebas uxdis
samedicino momsaxurebis Rirebulebis mxo-
lod nawils an saerTod ar ixdis, xolo am
momsaxurebis Rirebulebis danarCen nawils
an srulad ixdian socialuri dazRvevis or-
ganoebi, Tumca konstituciis igive muxli
iTvaliswinebs, kanoniT dadgenili wesiT,
gansazRvrul pirobebSi ufaso samedicino
daxmarebis uzrunvelyofasac.
garda amisa, saxelmwifo itovebs uflebas _
akontrolos janmrTelobis dacvis dawese-
bulebebi, samkurnalo saSualebebi da am sa-
SualebebiT vaWroba, rac isev da isev adami-
anis janmrTelobis srulfasovnad dacvisa
da maRalxarisxovani samedicino momsaxure-
biT uzrunvelyofis miznebs emsaxureba, vi-
naidan arakvalificiuri da uxarisxo same-
dicino momsaxureba SeiZleba gaxdes adami-
anis janmrTelobis gauaresebisa da sicocx-
lis safrTxis Seqmnis mizezic ki. saxelmwi-
fo samkurnalodawesebulebebis funqcioni-
rebisa da samkurnalo saSualebebis warmo-
ebisaTvis adgens garkveul pirobebs, ro-
melTa dakmayofilebis SemTxvevaSi saxelm-
wifo gascems specialur nebarTvas _ licen-
zias da garkveuli periodulobiT akontro-
lebs aRniSnuli pirobebis Sesrulebas.
adamianis janmrTeloba bevrad aris damokide-
buli im garemoze, romelSic cxovrobs da
Sromobs adamiani. amitom saxelmwifo, garda
56
Cvenikonstitucia
imisa, rom kisrulobs valdebulebas _ ac-
xovros adamiani sicocxlisa da janmrTelo-
bisaTvis usafrTxo garemoSi, aseve avalde-
bulebs yvelas, gaufrTxildnen da daicvan
bunebrivi garemo. konstitucia moqalaqes
uflebas aniWebs, miiRos sruli informacia
misi samuSao da sacxovrebeli garemos mdgo-
mareobis Sesaxeb, isargeblos bunebrivi ga-
remoTi, magram, amave dros, bunebrivi gare-
mos xelyofisa da misi araracionaluri ga-
moyenebisaTvis awesebs Sesabamis pasuxis-
mgeblobasac.
janmrTelobis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli sakiT-
xebi regulirdeba `janmrTelobis dacvis
Sesaxeb~, `samedicino dazRvevis Sesaxeb~,
`wamlisa da farmacevtuli saqmianobis Sesa-
xeb~, `saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb~ da `paci-
entis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kano-
nebiT.
mu xli 38
1. saqarTvelos moqalaqeni Tanaswori arian
socialur, ekonomikur, kulturul da po-
litikur cxovrebaSi ganurCevlad maTi
erovnuli, eTnikuri, religiuri Tu enob-
rivi kuTvnilebisa. saerTaSoriso samarT-
lis sayovelTaod aRiarebuli principebisa
da normebis Sesabamisad, maT ufleba aqvT
Tavisuflad, yovelgvari diskriminaciisa
da Carevis gareSe ganaviTaronTavianTi kul-
tura, isargeblon dedaeniT pirad cxovre-
baSi da sajarod.
57
2. saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-
arebuli principebisa da normebis Sesabami-
sad, umciresobaTa uflebebis ganxorciele-
ba ar unda ewinaaRmdegebodes saqarTvelos
suverenitets, saxelmwifo wyobilebas, te-
ritoriul mTlianobasa da politikur da-
moukideblobas.
saqarTveloSi, garda qarTvelebisa, romlebic
mosaxleobis umravlesobas Seadgenen, cxov-
roben mravali erovnebis warmomadgenlebi,
romlebsac TavianTi kultura, ena da reli-
gia gaaCniaT. saqarTvelos konstitucia uz-
runvelyofs am kategoriis moqalaqeTa srul
Tanasworobas konstituciisa da kanonis wi-
naSe. konstitucia maT uflebas aniWebs Ta-
visuflad, yovelgvari diskriminaciisa da
Carevis gareSe ganaviTaron TavianTi kul-
tura, Seqmnan SemoqmedebiTi nawarmoebebi,
gaerTiandnen saTvistomoebSi, isargeblon
dedaeniT rogorc pirad cxovrebaSi, aseve
sajarod, miiRon ganaTleba TavianT enaze.
am saxis uflebebi da garantiebi emyareba
saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-
arebul principebsa da normebs, magram amave
normebis Sesabamisad, umciresobaTa mier
TavianTi uflebebis ganxorcieleba ar unda
ewinaaRmdegebodes saqarTvelos suvereni-
tets, saxelmwifo wyobilebas, teritoriul
mTlianobasa da politikur damoukideblo-
bas. maT ara aqvT ufleba moiTxovon avto-
nomia, saqarTvelos saxelmwifodan gamoyo-
fa da a. S. maTi uflebebis dacva da reali-
zeba unda xdebodes saerTo saxelmwifo-
ebrivi interesebis farglebSi da ar unda
ewinaaRmdegebodes mas.
58
Cvenikonstitucia
mu xli 40
1. adamiani udanaSaulod iTvleba, vidre misi
damnaSaveoba ar damtkicdeba kanoniT dadge-
nili wesiT da kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli sasa-
marTlos gamamtyunebeli ganaCeniT.
2. aravin ar aris valdebuli amtkicos Tavisi
udanaSauloba. braldebis mtkicebis mova-
leoba ekisreba bralmdebels.
3. dadgenileba braldebulis saxiT piris pa-
suxisgebaSi micemis Sesaxeb, sabraldebo
daskvna da gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni unda em-
yarebodes mxolod utyuar mtkicebulebebs.
yovelgvari eWvi, romelic ver dadasturde-
ba kanoniT dadgenili wesiT, unda gadawydes
braldebulis sasargeblod.
saerTaSoriso samarTalSi sayovelTaod aRi-
arebulia principi, romelic udanaSaulobis
prezumfciis saxeliT aris cnobili. am prin-
cips aRiarebs yvela demokratiuli saxelm-
wifo da maT Soris saqarTveloc, rogorc
saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis wevri.
udanaSaulobis prezumfciis principi moqala-
qeTa uflebebis kidev erT umniSvnelovanes
konstituciur garantias warmoadgens da
mdgomareobs imaSi, rom adamiani udanaSa-
ulod iTvleba manam, sanam misi damnaSaveoba
ar damtkicdeba kanoniT dadgenili wesiT da
kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlos gamam-
tyunebeli ganaCeniT. amasTan, arc erTi mo-
qalaqe ar aris valdebuli amtkicos Tavisi
udanaSauloba. moqalaqis braleuloba unda
daamtkicos braldebis organom.
59
rodesac Cadenilia danaSauli da piri bralde-
bulad aris cnobili am danaSaulSi, igi ma-
inc udanaSaulod iTvleba manam, sanam sasa-
marTlo ganaCeniT ar cnobs mas damnaSaved
da es ganaCeni ar Seva kanonier ZalaSi, sasa-
marTlos ganaCeni ki ZalaSi Sedis mas Semdeg,
rac amoiwureba misi gasaCivrebis vada.
sasamarTlos mier ganaCenis gamotanas win uZ-
Rvis iseTi procesebi, rogorebicaa winas-
wari gamoZieba da saqmis sasamarTlo ganxil-
va. es procesebi daregulirebulia saqarT-
velos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeq-
siT. sasamarTlos mier gamamtyunebeli gana-
Cenis gamotana unda moxdes swored am ko-
deqsis moTxovnaTa dacviT, saproceso ko-
deqsis moTxovnaTa daucveloba ki SeiZleba
gaxdes zemdgomi sasamarTlos mier gamam-
tyunebeli ganaCenis gauqmebis safuZveli.
dadgenileba piris braldebulis saxiT pasuxis-
gebaSi micemis Sesaxeb, sabraldebo daskvna
da gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni unda emyarebo-
des mxolod utyuar mtkicebulebebs, rac
imas niSnavs, rom mtkicebuleba utyuarad
unda miuTiTebdes piris mier danaSaulis
Cadenas da am mxriv araviTar eWvs ar unda
iwvevdes. Tuki mtkicebuleba aseT eWvs iw-
vevs, maSin sakiTxi unda gadawydes bralde-
bulis sasargeblod. saqarTvelos sisxlis
samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi swored aR-
niSnul konstituciur normebs emyareba.
60
Cvenikonstitucia
muxli 42
1. yovel adamians ufleba aqvs Tavis uflebaTa
da TavisuflebaTa dasacavad mimarTos sasa-
marTlos.
2. yoveli piri unda gansajos mxolod im sasa-
marTlom, romlis iurisdiqciasac eqvemde-
bareba misi saqme.
3. dacvis ufleba garantirebulia.
4. aravis ar SeiZleba ganmeorebiT daedos
msjavri erTi da imave danaSaulisaTvis.
5. aravin ar agebs pasuxs im qmedebisaTvis, ro-
melic misi Cadenis dros samarTaldarRve-
vad ar iTvleboda. kanons, Tu is ar amsubu-
qebs an ar auqmebs pasuxismgeblobas, ukuZa-
la ara aqvs.
6. braldebuls ufleba aqvs moiTxovos Tavisi
mowmeebis iseTive pirobebSi gamoZaxeba da
dakiTxva, rogoric aqvT braldebis mowme-
ebs.
7. kanonis darRveviT mopovebul mtkicebule-
bas iuridiuli Zala ara aqvs.
8. aravin ar aris valdebuli misces Tavisi an
im axlobelTa sawinaaRmdego Cveneba, romel-
Ta wrec ganisazRvreba kanoniT.
9. yvelasTvis garantirebulia saxelmwifo da
TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa da mosamsaxu-
reTagan ukanonod miyenebuli zaralis sasa-
marTlo wesiT sruli anazRaureba saxelmwi-
fo saxsrebidan.
yvela adamians konstitucia aniWebs garkveul
uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs da am ufleba-
61
Ta da TavisuflebaTa dacvis garants Tavad
saxelmwifo warmoadgens. bunebrivia, am ga-
rantiebis realizeba saWiroebs Sesabamisi
samarTlebrivi meqanizmebis Seqmnas, raTa
arsebobdes Sesabamisi uflebamosilebiT aR-
Wurvili iseTi saxelmwifo organo, rome-
lic daadgens _ dairRva Tu ara konkretul
SemTxvevaSi adamianis esa Tu is ufleba, vin
daarRvia da ra saxis sasjeli Tu sxva raime
RonisZieba unda daekisros damrRvevs. aseT
organos warmoadgens sasamarTlo. Sesabami-
sad, konstitucia yvela adamians aniWebs uf-
lebas, mimarTos sasamarTlos Tavisi darR-
veuli uflebebis dasacavad.
sasamarTlo wesiT dacvis ufleba, SeiZleba iT-
qvas, dacvis uflebac aris da misi uflebe-
bis dacvis garantiac. yvela adamians SeuZ-
lia mimarTos Tavisi uflebebisa da Tavi-
suflebebis dasacavad sasamarTlos, magram,
Tavis mxriv, sasamarTlom unda gansajos
mxolod im moqalaqeTa saqmeebi, romlebic
eqvemdebarebian mis iurisdiqcias. Tu sisx-
lis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT dadge-
nilia, rom ama Tu im konkretuli danaSaulis
saqme unda ganixilos romelime konkretul-
ma raionulma sasamarTlom, maSin sxva rai-
onuli sasamarTlo am saqmes ver ganixilavs,
radgan am SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlos gadawy-
vetileba iqneba ukanono. garda amisa, saxel-
mwifo uzrunvelyofs, rom yvela adamianma
isargeblos damcvelis _ advokatis momsaxu-
rebiT.
62
Cvenikonstitucia
mniSvnelovan konstituciur garantias warmo-
adgens is garemoeba, rom Tu adamiani cnobil
iqna damnaSaved da garkveuli saxis sasjeli
daedo, dauSvebelia mas imave danaSaulisaT-
vis xelmeored daedos msjavri.
kanonis ukuZala niSnavs misi moTxovnebis gav-
rcelebas mis miRebamde arsebulurTierTo-
bebze. rogorc wesi, kanonis moTxovnebi
vrceldeba misi miRebis Semdeg warmoSobil
urTierTobebze. magram SesaZlebelia, ka-
nons mieniWos ukuZala im SemTxvevaSi, Tu igi
auqmebs an amsubuqebs pasuxismgeblobas.
amasTan, ar SeiZleba adamiani daisajos iseTi
moqmedebisaTvis, romelic danaSaulad ar
iTvleboda misi Cadenis dros da mxolod
misi Cadenis Semdgom gamoacxada saxelmwi-
fom es moqmedeba danaSaulebrivad. garda
amisa, Tu adamiani sasjels ixdis raime dana-
SaulisaTvis da sasjelis moxdis periodSi
saxelmwifom gamosca kanoni, romliTac es
moqmedeba aRar iTvleba danaSaulad, piri
dauyovnebliv unda gaTavisufldes sasje-
lis moxdisagan. es sakiTxebi gansazRvrulia
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT.
braldebuls ufleba aqvs, Tavisi kanonieri uf-
lebebis dacvis mizniT, warmoadginos mowme-
ebi, romelTa Cvenebas arsebiTi mniSvneloba
eqneba misi braleulobis sakiTxis gadawyve-
tisas. mowmeebi, romelTa Cvenebac bralde-
bulis interesTa dasacavad aris mimarTuli,
imave pirobebSi unda iqnen gamoZaxebulni da
63
dakiTxulni, rogorc braldebis mowmeebi.
dauSvebelia maTTvis raime saxis SezRudvis
daweseba Cvenebis micemisas, mtkicebulebis
warmodgenisas da a. S.
adamianis uflebaTa dacvis kidev erT mniSvne-
lovan garantias warmoadgens konstituciis
is norma, romlis mixedviTac, kanonis dar-
RveviT mopovebul mtkicebulebas iuridi-
uli Zala ara aqvs. yoveli sagamoZiebo moq-
medeba, romelic miznad isaxavs mtkicebu-
lebis mopovebas, unda ganxorcieldes sa-
qarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso
kodeqsis moTxovnaTa mkacri dacviT, xolo
mtkicebuleba, romelic am moTxovnaTa dac-
vis gareSea mopovebuli, mxedvelobaSi ar
miiReba, miuxedavad imisa, amxels pirs dana-
SaulSi Tu amarTlebs mas.
danaSaulis gaxsnisaTvis udidesi mniSvneloba
aqvs mowmis Cvenebas. amitom, saqarTvelos
sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis
Sesabamisad, mowme valdebulia misces Cve-
neba. amasTan, cru Cvenebis micemisaTvis dad-
genilia sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblo-
ba, Tumca konstitucia adamians aniWebs uf-
lebas ar misces Cveneba Tavis an Tavisi im
axloblebis winaaRmdeg, romelTa wrec gan-
sazRvrulia saqarTvelos sisxlis samarT-
lis saproceso kodeqsiT.
adamianis uflebebi SeiZleba daarRvios ara
marto sxva adamianma, aramed TviTon saxelm-
wifomac, amitom konstitucia yvela adami-
64
Cvenikonstitucia
ans uqmnis imis garantias, rom mas saxelm-
wifo saxsrebidan, sasamarTlo wesiT, sruli
moculobiT aunazRaurdeba saxelmwifo da
TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa da mosamsaxu-
reTagan ukanonod miyenebuli zarali.
muxli 44
1. saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yoveli piri val-
debulia asrulebdes saqarTvelos konsti-
tuciisa da kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebs.
2. adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa gan-
xorcielebam ar unda daarRvios sxvaTa uf-
lebebi da Tavisuflebebi.
uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis garda, moqala-
qeebs aseve gaaCniaT garkveuli valdebule-
bebi saxelmwifos winaSe. iseve, rogorc sa-
xelmwifo valdebulia, daicvas moqalaqis
uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, aseve moqala-
qec valdebulia Seasrulos saqarTvelos
konstituciisa da kanonmdeblobis moTxov-
nebi. amasTan, adamianis uflebaTa da Tavi-
suflebaTa ganxorcielebam ar unda daarR-
vios sxvaTa uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi. Tu
moqalaqe ar asrulebs konstituciisa da ka-
nonebis moTxovnebs, es SeiZleba gaxdes mis-
Tvis konstituciiT miniWebuli uflebebis
SezRudvis safuZveli.
muxli 48
saqarTvelos parlamenti aris qveynis umaRlesi
warmomadgenlobiTi organo, romelic axor-
65
cielebs sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas, gan-
sazRvravs qveynis saSinao da sagareo poli-
tikis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs, konstituci-
iT gansazRvrul farglebSi kontrols
uwevs mTavrobis saqmianobas da axorcielebs
sxva uflebamosilebebs.
saqarTvelos parlamenti aris qveynis umaRlesi
warmomadgenlobiTi organo, rac imas niS-
navs, rom parlamenti, rogorc erTiani ko-
legiuri organo, kompleqtdeba xalxis mier
arCeuli warmomadgenlebisagan da igi gamo-
xatavs xalxis nebas. igi axorcielebs saka-
nonmdeblo xelisuflebas, anu mxolod par-
lamentia uflebamosili gamosces kanonebi,
romlebic aregulireben saxelmwifoSi sa-
zogadoebrivi cxovrebis ama Tu im sferos.
qveynis saSinao da sagareo politikis Ziri-
Tadi mimarTulebebi, romelTa gansazRvris
uflebamosileba gaaCnia parlaments, swo-
red am kanonebSi aisaxeba. garda amisa, par-
lamenti kontrols uwevs mTavrobis saqmi-
anobas, Tu ramdenad axorcielebs mTavroba
parlamentis mier gansazRvrul saSinao da
sagareo politikas.
muxli 49
1. parlamenti Sedgeba sayovelTao, Tanaswori
da pirdapiri saarCevno uflebis safuZvel-
ze faruli kenWisyriT, oTxi wlis vadiT,
proporciuli sistemiT arCeuli 100 da ma-
Joritaruli sistemiT arCeuli 50 parlamen-
tis wevrisagan.
66
Cvenikonstitucia
2. parlamentis wevrad SeiZleba airCes saar-
Cevno uflebis mqone saqarTvelos moqalaqe
25 wlis asakidan.
3. parlamentis Sinagani struqtura da muSa-
obis wesi ganisazRvreba parlamentis regla-
mentiT.
4. saxelmwifo biujetSi parlamentisaTvis
gankuTvnili mimdinare xarjebis Semcireba,
wina wlis sabiujeto saxsrebis odenobasTan
SedarebiT, SeiZleba mxolod parlamentis
winaswariTanxmobiT. parlamentiTavad iRebs
gadawyvetilebas saxelmwifo biujetSi par-
lamentisaTvis gamoyofili sabiujeto saxs-
rebis ganawilebis Taobaze.
parlamenti Sedgeba sayovelTao, Tanaswori da
pirdapiri saarCevno uflebis safuZvelze
faruli kenWisyriT, oTxi wlis vadiT, pro-
porciuli sistemiT arCeuli 100 da maJori-
taruli sistemiT arCeuli 50 parlamentis
wevrisagan. arCevnebis sayovelTaoba gulis-
xmobs imas, rom arCevnebSi monawileobs yve-
la saarCevno uflebis mqone moqalaqe, Ta-
nasworoba ki niSnavs imas, rom yvela amomr-
Cevlis xmas aqvs Tanabari Zala _ upiratesi
xmis ufleba ar gaaCnia arc erT amomrCevels,
miuxedavad misi qonebrivi, Tanamdebobrivi
Tu sxva raime mdgomareobisa, xolo arCev-
nebis pirdapiroba niSnavs imas, rom amomr-
Ceveli uSualod aZlevs xmas ama Tu im poli-
tikur gaerTianebasa Tu kandidats. arCev-
nebi tardeba farulad. saxelmwifo qmnis pi-
robebs, raTa amomrCevlis neba ar gaxdes
sxvaTaTvis cnobili da masze ar moxdes ra-
ime saxis zewola.
67
proporciuli saarCevno sistema arCevnebis ise-
Ti formaa, rodesac amomrCeveli xmas aZlevs
politikur partias an saarCevno bloks da
isini parlamentSi adgilebs moipoveben sa-
arCevno siis mixedviT, maT mier miRebuli
amomrCevelTa xmebis raodenobis proporci-
ulad. maJoritaruli wesiT, arCevnebis dros
amomrCevlebi qveynis ama Tu im nawilSi xmas
aZleven konkretul kandidats da parlamen-
tis wevri xdeba is kandidati, romelic mi-
iRebs xmebis umravlesobas am teritoriul
erTeulSi.
konstitucia adgens minimalur asaks, romli-
danac SeiZleba saqarTvelos saarCevno uf-
lebis mqone moqalaqegaxdes saqarTvelospar-
lamentis wevri. minimaluri asaki 25 welia.
parlamentis organizaciuli mowyoba (xelmZ-
Rvaneliorganoebis, komitetebis, fraqciebis
Seqmnisa da funqcionirebis wesi) da saqmiano-
bis wesi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanoniT
_ saqarTvelos parlamentis reglamentiT.
yvela saxelmwifo dawesebulebas, Tavisi funq-
ciebis Sesasruleblad, saxelmwifo biuje-
tidan, yovelwliurad, gamoeyofa gansazRv-
ruli Tanxa. am mxriv, konstitucia saqarT-
velos parlaments myar finansur garantiebs
uqmnis, rac imaSi gamoixateba, rom saxelm-
wifo biujetSi parlamentisaTvis gankuTv-
nili Tanxis Semcireba, wina wlis odenobas-
Tan SedarebiT, SeiZleba mxolod parlamen-
tis winaswari TanxmobiT. amasTan, parlamen-
ti Tavad iRebs gadawyvetilebas misTvis ga-
moyofili saxsrebis ganawilebis Taobaze.
68
Cvenikonstitucia
muxli 50
1. arCevnebSi monawileobis ufleba aqvs kano-
niT dadgenili wesiT registrirebul moqa-
laqeTa politikur gaerTianebas, romlis
iniciativac dadasturebulia aranakleb 50
000 amomrCevlis xelmoweriT, an romelsac
hyavs warmomadgeneli parlamentSi arCevne-
bis daniSvnis droisaTvis, maJoritaruli
sistemiT arCevnebSi _ pirs, romlis wardge-
nis iniciativa dadasturebulia 1000 xelmo-
weriT mainc, an romelic bolo arCevnebiT
iyo parlamentis wevri.
2. parlamentis wevrTa mandatebi ganawildeba
mxolod im politikur gaerTianebebsa da
saarCevno blokebs Soris, romlebic pro-
porciuli sistemiT Catarebul arCevnebSi
miiReben monawile amomrCevelTa xmebis 7
procents mainc.
3. parlamentis morigi arCevnebi tardeba misi
uflebamosilebis gasvlamde araugvianes 15
dRisa. Tu arCevnebis vada emTxveva sagangebo
an saomar mdgomareobas, arCevnebi tardeba
am mdgomareobis gauqmebidan araugvianes 60
dRisa. arCevnebis TariRs niSnavs saqarTve-
los prezidenti arCevnebamde araugvianes 60
dRisa. parlamentis vadamde daTxovnis Sem-
TxvevaSi prezidenti niSnavs parlamentis
riggareSe arCevnebs, romelic unda Catar-
des parlamentis vadamde daTxovnis Sesaxeb
brZanebulebis amoqmedebidan arauadres 45
da araugvianes 60 dRisa.
69
31. parlamenti saqmianobas wyvets parlamentis
daTxovnis Sesaxeb prezidentis brZanebule-
bis amoqmedebidan. parlamentis daTxovnis
Sesaxeb prezidentis brZanebulebis amoqme-
debidan axlad arCeuli parlamentis pirvel
sxdomamde daTxovnili parlamenti ikribeba
mxolod prezidentis mier sagangebo an sa-
omari mdgomareobis gamocxadebis SemTxve-
vaSi sagangebo an saomari mdgomareobis dam-
tkicebis, anda sagangebo, an saomari mdgo-
mareobis gagrZelebis sakiTxis gadasawyve-
tad. Tu parlamenti ar Seikriba 5 dRis gan-
mavlobaSi an ar daamtkica (gaagrZela) sagan-
gebo mdgomareobis gamocxadebis (gagrZele-
bis) Sesaxeb prezidentis brZanebuleba, maSin
gamocxadebuli sagangebo mdgomareoba uqm-
deba. saomari mdgomareoba unda gauqmdes,
Tu parlamenti Sekrebidan 48 saaTSi ar daam-
tkicebs saomari mdgomareobis gamocxadebis
(gagrZelebis) Sesaxeb prezidentis brZanebu-
lebas. parlamentis Sekreba ar iwvevs parla-
mentis wevrebis saparlamento Tanamdebobe-
bis da xelfasebis aRdgenas. parlamenti
wyvets saqmianobas zemoaRniSnul sakiTxebze
gadawyvetilebis miRebisTanave.
4. parlamentis uflebamosileba wydeba axal-
arCeuli parlamentis pirveli SekrebisTa-
nave.
5. parlamentis wevris arCevis wesi, agreTve
arCevnebSi kandidatad monawileobis dauS-
vebloba ganisazRvreba konstituciiTa da
organuli kanoniT.
70
Cvenikonstitucia
parlamenti, rogorc umaRlesi sakanonmdeblo
organo, Tavisi arsiT, politikuri organoa,
amitom bunebrivia, rom misi dakompleqteba
xdeba politikur gaerTianebaTa warmomad-
genlebiT. konstitucia zedmiwevniT adgens
im wesebs, romelTa mixedviTac xdeba sapar-
lamento arCevnebis Catareba.
konstituciis Sesabamisad, saparlamento arCev-
nebSi monawileobis ufleba aqvs `moqalaqeTa
politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarT-
velos kanonis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos
iusticiis saministroSi registrirebul po-
litikur gaerTianebas, romelic centra-
lur saarCevno komisiaSi waradgens mxardam-
Wer amomrCevelTa 50 000 xelmoweras an am
politikuri gaerTianebis wevri aris moqme-
di parlamentis wevri. politikuri gaerTi-
anebis arCeva parlamentSi xdeba proporci-
uli saarCevno sistemiT.
rac Seexeba maJoritarul saarCevno sistemas,
am SemTxvevaSi xmis micema xdeba ara poli-
tikuri gaerTianebis, aramed konkretuli
kandidatisaTvis. imisaTvis, rom piri dare-
gistrirdes parlamentis wevrobis kandida-
tad maJoritaruli saarCevno sistemiT, igi
unda iyos an moqmedi parlamentis wevri, an
centralur saarCevno komisiaSi unda warad-
ginos mxardamWer amomrCevelTa 1000 xelmo-
wera.
arCevnebis Sedegad, parlamentSi sadeputato
71
adgilebs moipovebs is politikuri gaerTi-
aneba an saarCevno bloki, romelic miiRebs
arCevnebSi monawile amomrCevelTa xmebis 7
procents mainc. amasTan, mis mier miRebuli
sadeputato adgilebis raodenoba ganisaz-
Rvreba arCevnebSi miRebuli xmebis propor-
ciulad. swored amitom ewodeba am sistemas
proporciuli saarCevno sistema, maJorita-
rul arCevnebSi ki parlamentis wevri xdeba
is kandidati, romelic miiRebs am terito-
riuli erTeulis amomrCevelTa xmebis um-
ravlesobas.
konstitucia aseve dawvrilebiT ayalibebs ar-
Cevnebis Catarebis vadebs. igi unda Catardes
wina parlamentis uflebamosilebis vadis
gasvlamde araugvianes 15 dRisa, magram Tu
es periodi emTxveva sagangebo an saomar
mdgomareobas, maSin arCevnebi unda Catar-
des maTi gauqmebis Semdeg, gauqmebidan ara-
ugvianes 60 dRisa. Tavad arCevnebis dRis da-
niSvnis ufleba gaaCnia saqarTvelos prezi-
dents, romelic arCevnebis TariRs gansaz-
Rvravs arCevnebamde araugvianes 60 dRisa.
Tu parlamenti vadamde iqna daTxovnili, ma-
Sin prezidentma arCevnebi unda daniSnos
daTxovnidan arauadres 45 da araugvianes 60
dRisa.
parlamentis uflebamosileba wydeba mas Sem-
deg, rac Seikribeba axalarCeuli parlamen-
ti da parlamentis reglamentiT dadgenili
procedurebiT gaxsnis sxdomas.
72
Cvenikonstitucia
saparlamento arCevnebis CatarebasTan dakavSi-
rebuli sakiTxebi ganisazRvreba saqarTve-
los organuli kanoniT _ `saqarTvelos sa-
arCevno kodeqsiT~.
mu xli 69
1. saqarTvelos prezidenti aris saqarTvelos
saxelmwifos meTauri.
2. saqarTvelos prezidenti warmarTavs da
axorcielebs saxelmwifos saSinao da saga-
reo politikas. igi uzrunvelyofs qveynis
erTianobas da mTlianobas, saxelmwifo or-
ganoTa saqmianobas konstituciis Sesabami-
sad.
3. saqarTvelos prezidenti saqarTvelosumaR-
lesi warmomadgenelia sagareo urTierTo-
bebSi.
saqarTvelos prezidenti aris saqarTvelos sa-
xelmwifos meTauri. igi warmarTavs da axor-
cielebs saxelmwifos saSinao da sagareo po-
litikas, uzrunvelyofs qveynis erTianobas
da mTlianobas, saxelmwifo organoTa saq-
mianobas konstituciis Sesabamisad da war-
moadgens saqarTvelos sagareo urTierTo-
bebSi. am funqciebis Sesasruleblad prezi-
dents miniWebuli aqvs iseTi uflebamosile-
bebi, rogorebicaa saerTaSoriso xelSekru-
lebebisa da SeTanxmebebis dadeba, ucxoeTis
saxelmwifoebTan molaparakebis warmoeba,
parlamentis TanxmobiT saqarTvelos elCe-
bisa da sxva diplomatiur warmomadgenlebis
73
daniSvna da gaTavisufleba, konstituciuri
SeTanxmebis dadeba saqarTvelos samociqu-
lo avtokefaliur marTlmadidebel eklesi-
asTan, premier-ministris daniSvna, premier-
ministrisaTvis mTavrobis wevris _ minist-
ris daniSvnaze Tanxmobis micema, mTavrobis
gadayeneba, sagangebo da saomari mdgomare-
obis gamocxadeba, msjavrdebulis Sewyaleba
da sxva. amave dros, prezidenti aris saqar-
Tvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis umaRlesi
mTavarsardali.
muxli 70
1. saqarTvelos prezidenti airCeva sayovel-
Tao, Tanaswori da pirdapiri saarCevno uf-
lebis safuZvelze faruli kenWisyriT 5
wlis vadiT. erTi da igive piri prezidentad
SeiZleba airCes zedized mxolod orjer.
2. prezidentad SeiZleba airCes saarCevno uf-
lebis mqone dabadebiT saqarTvelos moqa-
laqe 35 wlis asakidan, romelsac saqarTve-
loSi ucxovria 15 wels mainc da arCevnebis
daniSvnis dRes cxovrobs saqarTveloSi.
3. prezidentobis kandidatis dasaxelebis uf-
leba aqvs moqalaqeTa politikur gaerTiane-
bas an sainiciativo jgufs. kandidatis war-
dgena dadasturebuli unda iyos aranakleb
50 000 amomrCevlis xelmoweriT.
4. arCeulad CaiTvleba kandidati, romelsac
xma misca arCevnebis monawileTa naxevarze
metma.
5. Tu arCevnebi Catarebulad gamocxadda, mag-
74
Cvenikonstitucia
ram verc erTma kandidatma ver miiRo xmaTa
saWiro raodenoba, ori kviris Tavze imar-
Teba arCevnebis meore turi.
6. arCevnebis meore turSi kenWi eyreba pirvel
turSi ukeTesi Sedegis mqone or kandidats.
arCeulad CaiTvleba is kandidati, romelic
met xmas miiRebs.
7. Tu arCevnebi Catarebulad ar gamocxadda,
an Catarda, magram pirvel turSi monawile-
obda mxolod erTi kandidati da man xmebis
saWiro raodenoba ver moagrova, an meore
turSi ar airCa prezidenti, ori Tvis vadaSi
imarTeba xelaxali arCevnebi.
8. sagangebo an saomari mdgomareobis dros ar-
Cevnebi ar tardeba.
9. prezidentis morigi arCevnebis pirveli tu-
ri ewyoba wina arCevnebis Catarebidan mexu-
Te wlis aprilis meore kvira dRes.
10. prezidentis arCevnebis wesi da pirobebi, ag-
reTve arCevnebSi kandidatad monawileobis
dauSvebloba ganisazRvreba konstituciiTa
da organuli kanoniT.
saqarTvelos prezidentis, rogorc saxelmwi-
fos umaRlesi xelisufalis Tanamdeboba,
arCeviTia da mas 5 wlis vadiT, sayovelTao,
Tanaswori da pirdapiri saarCevno uflebis
safuZvelze, faruli kenWisyriT irCeven sa-
arCevno uflebis mqone saqarTvelos moqa-
laqeebi. amasTan, konstitucia miuTiTebs
imis Sesaxeb, rom erTi da igive piri prezi-
dentad SeiZleba arCeul iqnes zedized mxo-
lod orjer.
75
imisaTvis, rom esa Tu is piri arCeul iqnas pre-
zidentad, igi unda akmayofilebdes konsti-
tuciiT dadgenil garkveul moTxovnebs.
kerZod, prezidentobis kandidati unda iyos
aucileblad dabadebiT saqarTvelos moqa-
laqe, unda gaaCndes saarCevno ufleba, unda
iyos aranakleb 35 wlisa, unda iyos saqarT-
veloSi nacxovrebi minimum 15 weli mainc da
arCevnebis daniSvnis dRisaTvis cxovrobdes
saqarTveloSi.
prezidentobis kandidatis wardgenis uflebas
konstitucia aniWebs rogorc moqalaqeTa
politikur gaerTianebas, aseve sainiciativo
jgufs. sainiciativo jgufi warmoadgens
saarCevno uflebis mqone moqalaqeTa jgufs,
romelTac survili aqvT waradginon prezi-
dentobis TavianTi kandidati, amisaTvis ki
maT centralur saarCevno komisias unda wa-
rudginon am kandidatis mxardamWer amomr-
CevelTa minimum 50 000 xelmowera.
saprezidento arCevnebSi gamarjvebulis gamo-
savlenad, pirvel rigSi saWiroa, rom arCev-
nebi Catarebulad CaiTvalos. amisaTvis ar-
CevnebSi monawileoba unda miiRos saqarTve-
los saarCevno uflebis mqone moqalaqeTa
naxevarze metma, xolo Tu arCevnebi Catare-
bulad gamocxadda, gamarjvebulad cxadde-
ba prezidentobis is kandidati, romelsac
xma misca arCevnebSi monawile amomrCevelTa
naxevarze metma.
76
Cvenikonstitucia
zogjer arCevnebSi monawileobsramdenime kandi-
dati da amomrCevelTa xmebi ise nawildeba,
rom verc erTi kandidati ver iRebs gamarj-
vebisaTvis saWiro xmebis raodenobas. aseT
SemTxvevaSi, ori kvirisTavzeunda gaimarTos
arCevnebis meore turi, romelSic monawile-
obs pirvel turSi yvelaze meti xmebis ra-
odenobis mqone mxolod ori kandidati, ga-
marjvebulad ki CaiTvleba is kandidati, ro-
melic xmebis met raodenobas miiRebs.
konstitucia aseve iTvaliswinebs xelaxali sap-
rezidento arCevnebis Catarebis SesaZleb-
lobas. es xdeba im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac ar-
Cevnebi ar gamocxadda Catarebulad, anu
masSi monawileoba miiRo amomrCevelTa saer-
To raodenobis naxevarze naklebma, an Catar-
da, magram pirvel turSi monawileobda mxo-
lod erTi kandidati da man xmebis saWiro
raodenoba ver moagrova, an meore turSi ar
airCa prezidenti. aseT SemTxvevaSi xelaxa-
li arCevnebi unda Catardes ori Tvis vadaSi.
konstituciiT gansazRvrulia saprezidento
arCevnebis Catarebis konkretuli TariRi _
wina arCevnebis Catarebidan mexuTe wlis ap-
rilis meore kvira dRe, Tumca konstitucia
iqve miuTiTebs, rom arCevnebi ar tardeba
sagangebo an saomari mdgomareobis dros.
iseve rogorc saparlamento arCevnebis, sapre-
zidento arCevnebis CatarebasTan dakavSire-
buli sakiTxebi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos
organuli kanoniT _ `saqarTvelos saarCev-
no kodeqsiT~.
77
muxli 82
1. sasamarTlo xelisufleba xorcieldeba sa-
konstitucio kontrolis, marTlmsajule-
bisa da kanoniT dadgenili sxva formebis
meSveobiT.
2. sasamarTlos aqtebi savaldebuloa yvela
saxelmwifo organosa da pirisaTvis qveynis
mTel teritoriaze.
3. sasamarTlo xelisufleba damoukidebelia
da mas axorcieleben mxolod sasamarTlo-
ebi.
4. sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba gamoaqvs sa-
qarTvelos saxeliT.
5. saerTo sasamarTloebSi saqmeebi nafici msa-
julebis mier ganixileba kanoniT gaTvalis-
winebul SemTxvevebSi da wesiT.
sasamarTlo xelisufleba xelisuflebis erT-
erTdamoukidebel Stos warmoadgens da misi
uflebamosilebebi mkacrad aris gamijnuli
xelisuflebis sxva Stoebisagan.
saqarTveloSi sakonstitucio kontrols axor-
cielebs sakonstitucio sasamarTlo, rome-
lic adgens, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba ama Tu
im saxelmwifoorganos mier miRebuli samar-
Tlebrivi aqti konstitucias, ramdenad kon-
stituciurad Catarda arCevnebi da a. S.
mxolod sasamarTlo xelisuflebaa uflebamo-
sili ganaxorcielos saxelmwifoSi marTlm-
sajuleba. marTlmsajuleba saxelmwifos
78
Cvenikonstitucia
saqmianobis iseTi saxea, romelic mimarTu-
lia samarTlis normebis realur an savara-
udo darRvevebTan dakavSirebuli sxvadas-
xva konfliqtis ganxilvisa da gadawyveti-
saken. amasTan, sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba
gamoaqvs saqarTvelos saxeliT, rac imas niS-
navs, rom igi gamoxatavs saxelmwifos pozi-
cias konkretul sadavo sakiTxTan dakavSi-
rebiT da misi gadawyvetileba savaldebu-
loa yvela saxelmwifo organosa da pirisaT-
vis qveynis mTelteritoriaze. sasamarTlos
gadawyvetilebis Secvla an gauqmeba SeuZlia
isev da isev sasamarTlos.
imisaTvis, rom sasamarTlom miiRos obieqturi
gadawyvetileba ama Tu im sakiTxTan dakav-
SirebiT, saWiroa, rom igi ar iyos saqmis Se-
degebiT dainteresebuli. amitom, konstitu-
cia ganamtkicebs sasamarTlos damoukideb-
lobis princips, rac imas niSnavs, rom dauS-
vebelia sasamarTlos saqmianobaSi raime
formiT Careva da zegavlenis moxdena, maT
Soris saxelmwifos sxva organoebisa Tu Ta-
namdebobis pirTa mxridan. amgvari qmedeba,
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT,
miCneulia danaSaulebriv qmedebad da dad-
genilia Sesabamisi sasjelis zoma.
sasamarTloebis sistema da organizacia, misi
damoukideblobis garantiebi mocemulia
`saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb~ da `saqar-
Tvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos Sesaxeb~ sa-
qarTvelos organuli kanonebiT.
79
m u x l i 98
1. TavdacviTi omi saqarTvelos suverenuli
uflebaa.
2. qveynis damoukideblobis, suverenitetisa
da teritoriuli mTlianobis dasacavad,
agreTve saerTaSoriso valdebulebaTa Se-
sasruleblad, saqarTvelos hyavs samxedro
Zalebi.
3. samxedro Zalebis saxeobebi da Semadgenlo-
ba ganisazRvreba kanoniT. samxedro Zalebis
struqturas amtkicebs saqarTvelos prezi-
denti, raodenobas ki erovnuli uSiSroebis
sabWos wardginebiT _ parlamenti siiTi Se-
madgenlobis umravlesobiT.
saqarTvelo suverenuli, damoukidebeli sa-
xelmwifoa, rac aRiarebulia saerTaSoriso
Tanamegobrobis mier sxvadasxva saerTaSo-
riso aqtebiT. amitom, iseve rogorc sxva sa-
xelmwifoebs, saqarTvelosac gaaCnia uf-
leba, Tavisi damoukideblobis, suverenite-
tisa da teritoriuli mTlianobis dasaca-
vad hyavdes samxedro Zalebi. saqarTvelos
Tavdacva politikur, ekonomikur, samxedro,
socialur, samarTlebriv da sxva RonisZi-
ebaTa erTobliobaa, rac uzrunvelyofs sa-
xelmwifos, saqarTvelos mosaxleobis, te-
ritoriisa da suverenitetis dacvas Seiara-
Rebuli Tavdasxmisagan. saqarTvelos Tav-
dacva saqarTvelos saxelmwifo usafrTxo-
ebis Semadgeneli nawili da misi erT-erTi
umniSvnelovanesi funqciaa.
80
Cvenikonstitucia
Tavdacvis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebul urTier-
Tobebs aregulirebs `saqarTvelos Tavdac-
vis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni.
unda aRiniSnos isic, rom konstituciis Sesa-
bamisad, saqarTvelos samxedro Zalebi gaaC-
nia ara mxolodTavdacvis mizniT, aramed sa-
erTaSoriso valdebulebebis Sesasruleb-
ladac. amgvari valdebulebis erT-erTi saxe
SeiZleba iyos samxedro Zalebis samSvidobo
operaciebSi monawileoba, rasac gansazRv-
ravs `saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis
samSvidobo operaciebSi monawileobis Sesa-
xeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni.
muxli 102
1. konstituciis zogadi an nawilobrivi gada-
sinjvis kanonproeqtis Setanis ufleba aqvT:
a) prezidents;
b) parlamentis wevrTa sruli Semadgenlobis
naxevarze mets;
g) aranakleb 200 000 amomrCevels.
2. konstituciis gadasinjvis kanonproeqti wa-
redgineba saqarTvelos parlaments, rome-
lic aqveynebs mas sayovelTao-saxalxo gan-
xilvisaTvis. parlamentSi kanonproeqtis
ganxilva iwyeba misi gamoqveynebidan erTi
Tvis Semdeg.
3. konstituciis gadasinjvis kanonproeqti mi-
Rebulad CaiTvleba, Tu mas mxars dauWers
saqarTvelos parlamentis sruli Semadgen-
lobis sul cota ori mesamedi.
81
4. konstituciis 68-e muxliT gaTvaliswine-
buli wesiT konstituciis gadasinjvis ka-
nons xels awers da aqveynebs saqarTvelos
prezidenti.
saxelmwifoSi yovelgvari sazogadoebrivi ur-
TierToba regulirdeba ama Tu im kanoniT,
romelsac safuZvlad udevs konstitucia,
rogorc saxelmwifos uzenaesi kanoni, Tum-
ca droTa ganmavlobaSi sazogadoebrivi ur-
TierTobebi viTardeba da zog SemTxvevaSi
icvlis saxesa da formas. amitom SeiZleba
dRis wesrigSi dadges kanonmdeblobis, maT
Soris konstituciis gadasinjvis sakiTxi.
saqarTvelos konstitucia Tavad gansazRvravs,
Tu rogori wesiT aris SesaZlebeli misi ga-
dasinjva da masSi cvlilebebis Setana. kons-
tituciis Sesabamisad, konstituciis gada-
sinjvis kanonproeqtis Setanis ufleba aqvT
prezidents, parlamentis wevrTa sruli Se-
madgenlobis naxevarze mets da aranakleb 200
000 amomrCevels. konstituciuri kanonpro-
eqti gadaecema saqarTvelos parlaments,
romelic, sxva saxis kanonproeqtebisagan
gansxvavebiT, aqveynebs mas sayovelTao-sa-
xalxo ganxilvisaTvis, raTa moqalaqeebs Se-
saZlebloba mieceT gaecnon mas, gamoTqvan
TavianTi azri kanonproeqtTan dakavSire-
biT. amisaTvis konstitucia adgens erTTvian
vadas, romlis amowurvis Semdegac saqarT-
velos parlamenti iwyebs konstituciuri ka-
nonproeqtis ganxilvas.
82
Cvenikonstitucia
imisaTvis, rom parlamentSi miRebul iqnas kons-
tituciuri kanonproeqti, saWiroa, mas xma
misces parlamentis sruli Semadgenlobis
orma mesamedma. mas Semdeg, rac parlamenti
miiRebs kanonproeqts, igi, iseve rogorc
sxva kanonproeqti, 7 dRis vadaSi gadaecema
saqarTvelos prezidents, romelic 10 dRis
vadaSi xels awers da aqveynebs kanons. kano-
nis ZalaSi Sesvla xdeba mxolod misi gamoq-
veynebis Semdeg.
amjerad, Cven SevecadeT mimogvexila saqarT-
velos ZiriTadi kanonis, saqarTvelos kons-
tituciis is umniSvnelovanesi debulebebi,
romelTa gacnobac nebismier Tqvengans mis-
cems saSualebas, ukeT gaacnobieros is uf-
lebebi da valdebulebebi, romelsac gvani-
Webs da gvakisrebs saqarTvelos konstitu-
cia. aRniSnuli ki saboloo jamSi udavod
did da dadebiT rols Seasrulebs rogorc
TiToeuli Tqvenganis, aseve im qveynis Sem-
dgomi ganviTarebis, winsvlisa da srulyo-
fis saqmeSi, romlis momavalic Tqven unda
aSenoT.
amasTanave, gaviTvaliswineT isic, rom konsti-
tucia Seicavs bevr iseT termins, romelic
SesaZloa, TqvenTvis ucxoa da gTavazobT
TqvenTvis saintereso mokle leqsikonsac.
83
saqarTvelos konstituciaSi
gamoyenebuli
ucxo sityvebis leqsikoni
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba _ saqarTve-
los moqalaqeTa konstituciiT aRiarebuli
da kanonmdeblobiT garantirebuli ufleba,
SesaZlebloba da pasuxismgebloba, TviTm-
marTvelobis erTeulebSi maT mier Seqmnili
adgilobrivi organoebis meSveobiT, kanon-
mdeblobis safuZvelze, sakuTari pasuxism-
geblobiT da damoukideblad gadawyviton
adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis sakiTxebi.
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba xorciel-
deba sofelSi, TemSi, dabaSi, qalaqSi, agreT-
ve im qalaqSi, romelic ar Sedis raionis Se-
madgenlobaSi.
adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis kompeten-
cias ganekuTvneba: adgilobrivi TviTmmarT-
velobis organoebis debulebis miReba, masSi
cvlilebebis Setana da kontroli mis Ses-
rulebaze; dadgenili wesiT adgilobrivi
TviTmmarTvelobis qonebis floba, sargeb-
loba da gankargva; adgilobrivi biujetis
formireba, Sesruleba da kontroli; adgi-
lobrivi samsaxurebisa da Sesabamisi sawar-
84
Cvenikonstitucia
moebis Seqmna da likvidacia; komunaluri me-
urneoba da a.S.
administracia (laT. administracio marTva-
gamgebloba) _ 1. farTo gagebiT, saxelmwi-
fos marTvis mTeli saqmianoba. administra-
cias Seadgens saxelmwifos aRmasrulebeli
da ganmkargulebeli organoebi. 2. qveynis
calkeuli nawilebis mmarTveloba.
avtokefaliuri eklesia (berZn. autos TviT dakephale Tavi) _ damoukidebeli qristianul-
marTlmadidebeli eklesia, romelic ierar-
qiulad calke erTeulia, anu erTi marTl-
madidebeli eklesiis damoukidebloba me-
orisagan.
saqarTvelos avtokefaliuri marTlmadide-
beli eklesia warmoadgens samociqulo say-
dars da msoflio marTlmadidebeli ekle-
siis ganuyofel nawils. igi V saukunidan
aris avtokefaliuri da misi sasuliero ad-
ministraciuli centri da kaTedraa mcxeTa,
sapatriarqo kaTedrebi, agreTve, Tbilisi
da biWvinTa.
avtonomiuri respublika _ saxelmwifos Se-
madgenlobaSi politikuri avtonomiis saw-
yisebze Seqmnili saxelmwifoebrivi warmo-
naqmni, romelsac Tumca damoukidebloba ar
gaaCnia, magram aqvs Tavisi teritoria, kons-
titucia da kanonmdebloba, xelisuflebisa
da mmarTvelobis umaRlesi organoebi, sasa-
marTlo da saxelmwifoebriobis sxva atri-
butika.
85
amJamad, saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSia afxa-
zeTisa da aWaris avtonomiuri respublike-
bi. afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublika oku-
pirebulia separatistebisa da ucxo Zalebis
mier da mimdinareobs mSvidobiani brZola
misi dabrunebisa da iq saqarTvelos iuris-
diqciis aRsadgenad.
akreditacia (laT. accredo vendobi) _ diplo-
matiuri warmomadgenlobis meTauris an sam-
TavrobaTaSoriso saerTaSoriso organiza-
ciasTan saxelmwifos warmomadgenlobis da-
niSvnis procesi, rac aseTi uflebamosile-
bis Sesaxeb Sesabamisi aqtis Cabarebasac mo-
icavs.
umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis
anda saganmanaTleblo programis statusis
(saxelmwifos mier aRiarebuli sertifika-
tis gacemis uflebis) dadgenis procedura.
amnistia (berZ. amnestia daviwyeba /danaSa-
ulisa, wyenisa/, patieba) _ damnaSavis gaTa-
visufleba sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxis-
mgeblobisagan, agreTve, msjavrdadebulis
gaTavisufleba sasjelisagan, anda misTvis
daniSnuli sasjelis Semcireba, an Secvla
ufro msubuqi sasjeliT. amnistiis aqtiT
sasjelmoxdils SeiZleba moexsnas nasamar-
Tlobac. amnistias acxadebs saqarTvelos
parlamenti individualurad ganusazRvrel
pirTa mimarT, an saqarTvelos prezidenti
gansazRvrul pirTa mimarT.
86
Cvenikonstitucia
arCevnebi _ 1. sajaro xelisuflebis warmomad-
genlobiTi organoebisa da sajaro xelisuf-
lebis Tanamdebobis pirTa arCeva kenWisy-
riT; 2. kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT,
arasajaro dawesebulebis, organizaciis ko-
legiuri organos an Tanamdebobis piris ar-
Ceva. arCevnebis meSveobiT moqalaqeebi axor-
cieleben saxelmwifos an dawesebulebis,
organizaciis marTva-gamgeblobaSi monawi-
leobis uflebas.
arCevnebi SeiZleba iyos sayovelTao da na-
wilobrivi, saerTo saxelmwifoebrivi da ad-
gilobrivi, saprezidento da saparlamento,
morigi, damatebiTi, ganmeorebiTi, pirdapi-
ri da arapirdapiri, proporciuli da maJo-
ritaruli da a.S.
atestacia (laT. attestacio mowmoba) _ moxelis
profesiuli Cvevebis, kvalifikaciis, SesaZ-
leblobebisa da piraduli Tvisebebis Sesa-
bamisobis Sefaseba dakavebul (an dasakave-
bel) Tanamdebobaze wayenebul moTxovneb-
Tan.
aqti _ saxelmwifo organos an Tanamdebobis
piris mier Tavisi kompetenciis farglebSi
gamocemuli oficialuri dokumenti (kanoni,
brZanebuleba, dekreti, dadgenileba da a.S.)
aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba _ organoTa sis-
tema, romelic aRmasrulebel-ganmkargule-
beli xasiaTisaa da axorcielebs saxelmwifo
xelisuflebas, kanonebis Sesrulebis orga-
nizaciul-operatiuli formiT.
87
aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis organoebi
SeiZleba daiyos:
a. teritoriuli moqmedebis mixedviT _
saerTo-saxelmwifoebrivi organoebi;
regionaluri organoebi da adgilobrivi
organoebi;
b. uflebamosilebis mixedviT _ saerTo da
specialuri kompetenciis;
specialuri kompetenciis organo SeiZleba
daiyos dargobriv da funqcionalur orga-
noebad.
aRmsarebloba _ esa Tu is religia, ama Tu im
rwmenis mimdevroba.
acileba _ gancxadeba visime kandidaturis mox-
snis Sesaxeb, visime ardaSvebis Sesaxeb rameSi
monawileobis misaRebad.
sisxlis samarTlis processa da samoqalaqo
procesSi procesis zogierTi monawilis saq-
mis warmoebisagan CamoSoreba sasamarTlo
ganxilvisa da winaswari gamoZiebis obieqtu-
robisa da miukerZoeblobis mizniT. mosa-
marTle, msajuli, prokurori, gamomZiebeli,
momkvlevi, sasamarTlo sxdomis mdivani, eqs-
perti, specialisti, Tarjimani da damswre
monawileobas ver miiReben saqmis warmoeba-
Si, Tu aris kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli ga-
remoebebi, rac saeWvos xdis maT obieqturo-
basa da miukerZoeblobas.
banki (frang. banque ) _ gansakuTrebuli ufle-
88
Cvenikonstitucia
bebiT aRWurvili sakredito organizacia,
romelic axdens fizikuri da iuridiuli
pirebis fuladi saxsrebis Tavmoyras, kre-
ditebis gacemas, fulad angariSsworebas,
sabanko angariSebis gaxsnas da kanoniT gaT-
valiswinebul sxva finansur operaciebs.
biujeti (frang. budget < ingl.) _ saxelmwifos,dawesebulebis, organizaciis, sawarmos Se-
mosaval-gasavlis xarjTaRricxva drois
garkveuli monakveTisaTvis. saxelmwifo xe-
lisuflebis organoebis funqciebis ganxor-
cielebisaTvis saWiro fuladi saxsrebis mo-
bilizaciisa da gamoyenebis ZiriTadi finan-
suri gegma.
biujetSi Tavs iyris fuladi saxsrebi, rom-
lebic xmardeba saerTo-saxelmwifoebrivi
mniSvnelobis ekonomikuri, socialuri, sa-
gareo-ekonomikuri, qveynis Tavdacvisa da
suverenuli qveynis valdebulebaTa Sesru-
lebisaTvis saWiroRonisZiebebs, agreTve sa-
erTo-saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis miznobrivi
programebis dafinansebas.
saqarTvelos sabiujeto sistema aris qvey-
nis biujetebis erTianoba, romelic efuZ-
neba saqarTvelos administraciul-terito-
riul mowyobas, ekonomikur urTierTobebsa
da iuridiul normebs.
braldeba _ 1. sisxlis samarTlis procesSi ka-
noniT uflebamosili organoebisa da pire-
bis saqmianoba, mimarTuli sisxlissamarT-
89
lebrivi funqciis gansaxorcieleblad, sis-
xlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micemuli pi-
ris braleulobis dasamtkiceblad. 2. bral-
debulad pasuxisgebaSi micemis dadgenile-
baSi, sabraldebo daskvnaSi, samarTalSi mi-
cemis dadgenilebaSi (ganCinebaSi) da gamam-
tyunebel ganaCenSi Camoyalibebuli sabral-
debo Tezisis Sinaarsi.
braldebuli _ sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisge-
baSi micemuli piri, agreTve piri, romlis mi-
marTac kanoniT dadgenili wesiT gamotani-
lia gamomZieblis an prokuroris dadgeni-
leba misi braldebulad pasuxisgebaSi mice-
mis Sesaxeb.
braldebuls, romelic micemulia samar-
TalSi, ewodeba gansasjeli, xolo romlis
mimarTac gamotanilia sasamarTlos gamam-
tyunebeli ganaCeni _ msjavrdebuli.
bralmdebeli _ piri, romelic sasamarTloSi
sisxlis samarTlis saqmis ganxilvisas mxars
uWers saxelmwifo braldebas. sasamarTloSi
prokurori aris saxelmwifo bralmdebeli.
brZaneba _ 1. saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis orga-
nos Tu dawesebulebis xelmZRvanelis aqti,
romelic gamoicema kanonis safuZvelze da
mis Sesasruleblad; 2. samxedro meTauris
werilobiTi an sityvieri gankarguleba xel-
qveiTis mimarT, romelic misTvis Sesasru-
leblad savaldebulod iTvleba.
90
Cvenikonstitucia
brZanebuleba _ saxelmwifos meTauris mier
gamocemuli kanonqvemdebare normatiuli
aqti raime mniSvnelovani sakiTxebis mosawe-
srigeblad Tu gadasawyvetad.
gadasaxadi _ aris saqarTvelos saxelmwifo, av-
tonomiuri respublikebisa da adgilobriv
biujetebSi savaldebulo, upirobo fuladi
Senatani, romelsac ixdis gadasaxadis gadam-
xdeli, gadaxdis aucilebeli, araekvivalen-
turi da usasyidlo xasiaTidan gamomdinare.
saqarTveloSi moqmedebs saerTo-saxelmwi-
foebrivi da adgilobrivi gadasaxadebi.
saerTo-saxelmwifoebriv gadasaxadebs gane-
kuTvneba:
saSemosavlo gadasaxadi, mogebis gadasaxadi,
damatebuli Rirebulebis gadasaxadi (dRg),
aqcizi, socialuri gadasaxadi.
adgilobriv gadasaxadebs ganekuTvneba:
qonebis gadasaxadi, saTamaSo biznesis gada-
saxadi.
ganaCeni _ pirveli da saapelacio instanciis
sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba braldebulis
braleulobis an udanaSaulobis Sesaxeb. ga-
naCeni SeiZleba iyos gamamtyunebeli an gama-
marTlebeli. ganaCeni Sedgeba Sesavali, aR-
werilobiT-samotivacio da sarezolucio
nawilebisgan. ganaCeni iwereba saTaTbiro
oTaxSi da dauyovnebliv cxaddeba sasamar-
Tlo sxdomis darbazSi.
91
gankarguleba _ aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis
kanonqvemdebare aqti, romelic awesrigebs
an wyvets raime konkretul sakiTxs.
garantia (frang. garantie ) _ piroba, romelicuzrunvelyofs risame warmatebas; sawinda-
ri; Tavdeboba; pasuxismgebloba; uzrunvel-
yofa.
gaficva _ organizebuli masobrivi Sewyveta
muSaobisa, raTa aiZulon sawarmos mepatro-
neebi (an xelisufleba) daakmayofilon gafi-
culTa moTxovnebi. gaficva an ekonomiku-
ria, an politikuri. xSirad gaficvas Tan ax-
lavs demonstraciebi.
generaluri prokurori _ saqarTvelos pro-
kuraturas xelmZRvanelobs generaluri
prokurori, romelsac saqarTvelos prezi-
dentis wardginebiT, 5 wlis vadiT, siiTi Se-
madgenlobis umravlesobiT, Tanamdebobaze
niSnavs parlamenti.
generaluri prokurori: kanoniT dadgenili
wesiT, organizebas uwevs da xelmZRvanelobs
prokuraturis saqmianobas; piradad an gene-
raluri prokuraturis meSveobiT axorci-
elebs Tavis uflebamosilebebs; Tanamdebo-
baze niSnavs da aTavisuflebs qvemdgom pro-
kurorebs, prokuraturis kolegiis wevrebs,
prokuraturis muSakebs; aRZravs sisxlis sa-
marTlis saqmes da axorcielebs sisxlis sa-
marTlebriv devnas saqarTvelos preziden-
tis, saqarTvelos konstituciis 64-e muxlSi
92
Cvenikonstitucia
CamoTvlili pirebis, parlamentis wevris,
saxalxo damcvelis, mosamarTlis, proku-
roris, gamomZieblis, saqarTvelos sagange-
bo da sruluflebiani elCis, agreTve saqar-
Tvelos samxedro Zalebis im oficrebis mi-
marT, romlebic Tanamdebobaze daniSnulni
arian saqarTvelos samxedro Zalebis umaR-
lesi mTavarsardlis mier; aseve afxazeTisa
da aWaris avtonomiuri respublikebis umaR-
lesi warmomadgenlobiTi organoebisa da
mTavrobis wevrebis mier danaSaulis Cade-
nisas; Tavisi kompetenciis farglebSi pro-
kuraturis muSakebs aniWebs da CamoarTmevs
specialur wodebebs; warmoadgens saqarT-
velos prokuraturas saxelmwifo umaRles
organoebSi, agreTve saerTaSoriso organo-
ebTan da ucxo saxelmwifoebis samarTal-
dacvis organoebTan urTierTobaSi axorci-
elebs kanonmdeblobiT misTvis miniWebul
sxva uflebamosilebebs.
dadgenileba _ saxelmwifo organos an Tanam-
debobis piris mier miRebuli samarTlebrivi
aqti, dokumenti.
dazRveva _ urTierToba, romelic myardeba fi-
zikuri da iuridiuli pirebis piradi da qo-
nebrivi interesebis dasacavad sadazRvevo
SenatanebiT (sadazRvevo premiiT) formuli-
rebuli fuladi fondebisa da kanonmdeb-
lobiT nebadarTuli sxva wyaroebis xarjze,
garkveuli garemoebebis (sadazRvevo SemTx-
vevebis) dadgomisas.
93
dakaveba _ Tavisuflebis xanmokle aRkveTa,
romelic gamoiyeneba Tu arsebobs sakmao sa-
fuZveli, eWvi miitanon pirze im danaSaulis
CadenaSi, romlisTvisac kanoni iTvaliswi-
nebs sasjels Tavisuflebis aRkveTis saxiT,
misi danaSaulebrivi saqmianobis aRkveTis,
gaqcevis, damalvis an mtkicebulebaTa mos-
pobis Tavidan asacileblad.
dakiTxva _ sagamoZiebo da sasamarTlo moqme-
deba, rac niSnavs piris gamokiTxvas saqmi-
saTvis mniSvnelobis mqone garemoebebis Se-
saxeb. mowmis, dazaralebulis, eWvmitanilis,
braldebulis da sxvaTa dakiTxva xdeba ka-
noniT dadgenili wesebis dacviT. dakiTxvis
dros zemoqmedebis ukanono meTodebis ga-
moyeneba danaSaulia da isjeba kanoniT. dana-
Saulia, agreTve mowmis an dazaralebulis
mier Cvenebis micemaze uaris Tqma.
damcveli _ piri, romelic kanoniT dadgenili
wesiT icavs eWvmitanilisa da braldebulis
kanonier interesebs da uwevs maT kvalifi-
ciur iuridiul daxmarebas.
danaSauli _ sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaT-
valiswinebuli marTlsawinaaRmdego da bra-
leuli qmedeba. danaSauli ar aris iseTi qme-
deba, romelic Tumca formalurad Seicavs
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswine-
buli romelime qmedebis niSnebs, magram mci-
re mniSvnelobis gamo ar gamouwvevia iseTi
ziani, romelic aucilebels gaxdida misi
94
Cvenikonstitucia
Camdenis sisxlis samarTlebriv pasuxismgeb-
lobas, an ar Seuqmnia aseTi zianis safrTxe.
danaSaulis Semadgenlobis niSnebi _ kanoniT
gaTvaliswinebuli obieqturi da subieqtu-
ri niSnebis erToblioba, rac konkretuli
danaSaulebrivi qmedebisaTvisaa damaxasi-
aTebeli da warmoadgens sisxlis samarTleb-
rivi pasuxismgeblobis aucilebel safuZ-
vels.
dapatimreba _ sisxlis samarTlis procesSi
aRkveTis RonisZieba. igi gamoiyeneba mxo-
lod im piris mimarT, romelsac bralad ede-
ba iseTi danaSaulis Cadena, risTvisac kano-
niT gaTvaliswinebulia Tavisuflebis aRk-
veTa or welze meti vadiT, garda im SemTx-
vevebisa, roca braldebulma daarRvia sxva,
naklebad mkacri aRkveTis RonisZieba. dapa-
timreba, rogorc wesi, ar gamoiyeneba mZime
avadmyofis, xandazmulis, orsuli da Cvil-
bavSviani qalis mimarT. patimrobis vada saq-
mis gamoZiebisas ar SeiZleba aRematebodes
sam Tves. uflebamosili prokuroris Suam-
dgomlobiT, patimrobis vada, kanoniT dad-
genili wesiT, SeiZleba gaagrZelos mosamar-
Tlem, magram ara umetes 9 Tvisa. am vadis gas-
vlis Semdeg braldebuli dauyovnebliv un-
da gaTavisufldes.
dayadaReba _ mesakuTris an mflobelisaTvis
qonebis gankargvis an qonebiT sargeblobis
uflebis akrZalva. sisxlis samarTlis pro-
95
cesSi sarCelis, sxva qonebrivi saxdelis,
agreTve saproceso konfiskaciisa da sisx-
lis samarTlebrivi iZulebiTi RonisZiebis
uzrunvelsayofad, sasamarTlos SeuZlia,
yadaRa daados eWvmitanilis, braldebulis
an gansasjelis, agreTve maTi moqmedebisaT-
vis materialurad pasuxismgebeli piris qo-
nebas, maT Soris sabanko angariSebs, Tu aris
monacemebi, qonebas gadamalaven an daxarja-
ven, anda, rom qoneba danaSaulebrivi gziT
aris mopovebuli. qoneba dayadaRdeba mosa-
marTlis brZanebis safuZvelze.
dacvis ufleba _ konstituciiT garantire-
buli adamianis piradi xasiaTis ufleba, da-
icvas sakuTari uflebebi, Tavisuflebebi da
kanonieri interesebi kanonsawinaaRmdego
xelyofisagan.
dedaqalaqi _ saxelmwifos mTavari qalaqi,
qveynis administraciul-politikuri cent-
ri, romelsac aqvs gansakuTrebuli samarT-
lebrivi mdgomareoba, marTvis gansakuTre-
buli sistema da reJimi. rogorc wesi, deda-
qalaqi damoukidebeli administraciuli er-
Teulia.
saqarTvelos dedaqalaqi _ Tbilisi saqarT-
velos parlamentis, saqarTvelos prezide-
ntis, saqarTvelos mTavrobis, aRmasrule-
beli xelisuflebis sxva organoebis, saqar-
Tvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos, saqarTve-
los kontrolis palatis, saqarTvelos sa-
xalxo damcvelis, saqarTvelos erovnuli
96
Cvenikonstitucia
bankis, ucxo qveynebis diplomatiuri da sa-
erTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgen-
lobebis adgilsamyofelia.
Tbilisis, rogorc saqarTvelos dedaqala-
qis statuss da Tbilisis warmomadgenlo-
biTi da aRmasrulebeli organoebis ufle-
bamosilebas, saqmianobis wessa da safinanso-
ekonomikur safuZvlebs gansazRvravs saqar-
Tvelos 1998 wlis 20 Tebervlis kanoni `sa-
qarTvelos dedaqalaqis _ Tbilisis Sesaxeb~.
dekreti (laT. decretum brZanebuleba, dadge-
nileba) _ raime sagangebo mdgomareobasTan
dakavSirebiT miRebuli droebiTi normati-
uli aqti, romelsac kanonis Zala aqvs.
demokratia (berZ. demokratia xalxis xeli-
sufleba < demos xalxi + kratos Zalauf-
leba) _ politikuri mmarTvelobis forma,
romelic damyarebulia iseT principebze,
rogoricaa: kanonis uzenaesoba, xalxis mo-
nawileoba saxelmwifo xelisuflebis gan-
xorcielebaSi, adamianis uflebebisa da Ta-
visuflebis dacva. asxvaveben uSualodemok-
ratias (xalxis mier xelisuflebis organo-
ebis uSualod arCeva, mniSvnelovani gadawy-
vetilebis miReba referendumis meSveobiT
da a.S.) da warmomadgenlobiT demokratias
(gadawyvetilebebis miReba, Tanamdebobis
pirebis daniSvna xalxis mier arCeuli orga-
noebis mier da a. S.).
demokratiuli sazogadoeba _ sazogadoeba,
romlis TiToeuli wevri kanonis winaSe Ta-
97
nabari uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT sar-
geblobs. misTvis damaxasiaTebelia xeli-
suflebis formirebaSi xalxis realuri mo-
nawileoba, moqalaqeTa farTo socialur-
ekonomikuri da politikuri uflebebisa da
Tavisuflebebis sakanonmdeblo reglamen-
tacia, maTi ganxorcielebis realuri kons-
tituciuri garantiebis arseboba; aseve far-
To politikuri pluralizmi.
denonsacia (frang. denonciation < laT. denun-tiatio Setyobineba) _ saerTaSoriso xelSek-
rulebis moqmedebis calmxrivad Sewyvetis
forma, romelic niSnavs xelSekrulebis moq-
medebis Sewyvetas am xelSekrulebis debu-
lebis Sesabamisad da dadgenil vadebSi.
deputati (laT. deputatus wargzavnili) _ sa-
kanonmdeblo organos wevri, romelic arCe-
ulia an daniSnulia kanoniT dadgenili we-
siT. deputatis statusi gansazRvrulia kon-
stituciiTa da sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT.
diplomatiuri rangi _ diplomatiur samsa-
xurSi dawesebuli saklaso Cini.
diplomatiuri samsaxuri _ sagareo saqmeTa
saministro da misi qvedanayofebi qveynis
teritoriaze da sazRvargareT.
diplomatiuri warmomadgeneli _ mocemul
saxelmwifoSi akreditebuli ucxo saxelmwi-
fos warmomadgeneli.
98
Cvenikonstitucia
diplomatiuri warmomadgenloba _ sagareo
saqmeTa saministros qvedanayofi sxva saxel-
mwifoSi, romelic saerTaSoriso organiza-
ciebTan da adgilsamyofel saxelmwifosTan
diplomatiuri da sakonsulo urTierTobe-
bisas warmoadgens sakuTar qveyanas.
diskriminacia (laT. discriminatio gansxvaveba)
_ saxelmwifos iuridiuli Tu fizikuri pi-
ris uflebebis SezRudva raime mizeziTa Tu
niSniT. adamianTa garkveuli kategoriis
diskriminacia SeiZleba xdebodes maTi ra-
sobrivi kuTvnilebis, erovnebis, sarwmuno-
ebis, politikuri mrwamsisa da sxva amgvari
niSnebiTa Tu motiviT. diskriminacia, ra
formiTac unda iyos igi gamoxatuli, ewina-
aRmdegeba samarTlianobis principebs da
akrZalulia rogorc Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi,
ise saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebiT.
eTnikuri (berZ. ethnikos tomi, xalxis) _ ama
Tu im tomTan, xalxTan dakavSirebuli.
elCi _ umaRlesi diplomatiuri rangi.
emigracia (laT. emigrare gadasaxleba) _ sxva
saxelmwifoSi mudmivad sacxovreblad gam-
gzavreba. samoqalaqo da politikuri ufle-
bebis Sesaxeb 1966 wlis saerTaSoriso paq-
tiT _ `samoqalaqo da policiuri uflebebis
Sesaxeb~, yvela adamians aqvs Tavisi Tu sxva
qveynis datovebis ufleba, romlis SezRud-
vac SeiZleba mxolod saxelmwifos uSiSro-
99
ebis, sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, mosaxleobis
janmrTelobis, sxva pirTa uflebebisa Tu
Tavisuflebebis aucileblobiT.
saqarTveloSi emigraciis statusi, misi uf-
leba-movaleobani da emigraciasTan dakav-
Sirebuli sxva sakiTxebi mowesrigebulia
saqarTvelos 1993 wlis 20 ivlisis kanoniT
`emigraciis Sesaxeb~. am kanonis mizania, sa-
erTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-
arebuli principebis Sesabamisad, uzrun-
velyos saqarTvelos moqalaqis ufleba, da-
tovos Tavisi qveyana da Tavisuflad dab-
rundes ukan; gansazRvros saqarTvelos mo-
qalaqeTa sxva saxelmwifoSi mudmivad sac-
xovreblad wasvlis (emigraciis) wesi da pi-
robebi, agreTve, moawesrigos am sakiTxTan
dakavSirebiT warmoSobili sxva urTierTo-
bani.
emisia (laT. emissio gamoSveba) _ fasiani qa-
Raldebis, qaRaldis fulis gamoSveba.
erovneba _ eris, xalxis gamaerTianebeli saxe-
li. erovnuli warmomavloba, warmoSoba; ro-
melime erisadmi gankuTvneba.
samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT, erovneba da
moqalaqeoba yovelTvis ar aris identuri.
erovnuli kuTvnileba moqalaqeobis armqone
pirebsac aqvT. aris qveynebi, sadac moqala-
qeobasa da erovnebas Soris, samarTlebrivi
TvalsazrisiT, araviTari gansxvaveba ar
aris.
100
Cvenikonstitucia
erovnuli banki _ saqarTvelos centraluri
banki, bankTa banki, saqarTvelos mTavrobis
bankiri da fiskaluri agenti. igi warmoad-
gens sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirs.
erovnuli banki Tavis saqmianobaSi xelmZR-
vanelobs saqarTvelos konstituciiT, sa-
qarTvelos organuli kanoniT `erovnuli
bankis Sesaxeb~, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-
biT da eyrdnoba saerTaSoriso sabanko praq-
tikaSi miRebul wesebsa da Cvevebs. mas uf-
leba aqvs, damoukideblad dados xelSekru-
lebebi, SeiZinos uZravi da moZravi qoneba
da flobdes da gankargavdes mas, gamovides
mosarCeled da mopasuxed, damoukideblad
ganaxorcielos Tavisi monetaruli da saze-
damxedvelo funqciebi. erovnuli bankis qo-
neba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo kuTvnilebaa.
erovnul banks afuZnebs umaRlesi warmomad-
genlobiTi organo. erovnuli bankis adgil-
samyofelia q. Tbilisi.
erovnuli bankis prezidenti _ direqtor-
ganmkargulebeli da pasuxismgebeli bankis
mimdinare saqmianobisaTvis. erovnuli bankis
prezidents erovnuli bankis sabWos wardgi-
nebiT niSnavs da Tanamdebobidan aTavisuf-
lebs saqarTvelos prezidenti.
erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWo _ prezidentis
saTaTbiro organo samxedro aRmSeneblobi-
sa da Tavdacvis organizaciis, qveynis uSiS-
roebasTan dakavSirebuli saSinao da saga-
reo politikis, stabilurobisa da marTl-
101
wesrigis uzrunvelyofis strategiul sa-
kiTxebze gadawyvetilebaTa misaRebad.
saqarTvelos erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos
SemadgenlobaSi Sedian: prezidenti (sabWos
Tavmjdomare), premier-ministri, sagareo
saqmeTa ministri, Tavdacvis ministri, uSiS-
roebis ministri, Sinagan saqmeTa ministri da
erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos mdivani. erov-
nuli uSiSroebis sabWos wevrebs niSnavs pre-
zidenti.
eWvmitanili _ danaSaulis CadenaSi saeWvod
miCneuli piri, romelic dakavebulia kano-
niT dadgenili safuZvliTa da wesiT.
zavi _ SeTanxmeba, magaliTad, meomar mxareTa
Soris saomari moqmedebis Sewyvetisa da
mSvidobianobis damyarebis Sesaxeb.
Tavisufali mandati _ deputatis damoukideb-
loba amomrCevlebisagan, rac imasac niSnavs,
rom amomrCevlebs ufleba ara aqvT, vadamde
gaiwvion maT mier arCeuli deputati. aseTi
principi moqmedebs, faqtobrivad, yvela de-
mokratiul saxelmwifoSi, maT Soris saqar-
TveloSic.
saqarTvelos parlamentis wevri aris sru-
liad saqarTvelos warmomadgeneli, sargeb-
lobs Tavisufali mandatiT da misi gawveva
dauSvebelia.
Tavisuflebis aRkveTa _ sasjelis saxe, rac
102
Cvenikonstitucia
niSnavs msjavrdebulis sazogadoebisagan
izolacias da kanoniT gansazRvrul sasjel-
aRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi mis moTavsebas.
Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT msjavrdebuli, ro-
melsac ganaCenis gamotanis momentisaTvis
ar Sesrulebia 18 weli, moTavsdeba aras-
rulwlovanTa aRmzrdelobiT dawesebule-
baSi.
Tavisuflebis aRkveTa aris vadiani da uva-
do. vadiani Tavisuflebis aRkveTa iniSneba
6 Tvidan oc wlamde vadiT. danaSaulTa er-
TobliobiT sasjelTa Sejamebisas Tavisuf-
lebis aRkveTis maqsimaluri vada ar unda
aRematebodes 25 wels, xolo ganaCenTa er-
TobliobiT sasjelTa Sejamebisas _ 30 wels.
uvado Tavisuflebis aRkveTa SeiZleba da-
iniSnos mxolod gansakuTrebiT mZime dana-
SaulisaTvis. es sasjeli ar daeniSneba imas,
visac danaSaulis Cadenamde ar Sesrulebia
18 weli, an visac ganaCenis gamotanis momen-
tisaTvis Seusrulda 60 weli.
TavSesafris ufleba _ ucxo saxelmwifos
moqalaqis an moqalaqeobis armqone piris uf-
leba, ganusazRvreli droiT imyofebodes
sxva saxelmwifos teritoriaze, Tu Tavis
samSobloSi devnian politikuri, religi-
uri, mecnieruli da sxva amgvari mrwamsisa
da moRvaweobisaTvis. TavSesafris ufleba
ar vrceldeba omis damnaSaveebsa da im pi-
rebze, romelTac brali edebaT kacobriobis
winaaRmdeg danaSaulis CadenaSi.
103
dauSvebelia sxva saxelmwifos gadaeces Se-
moxiznuli piri, romelsac devnian politi-
kuri mrwamsisaTvis, an im qmedebisaTvis, ro-
melic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dana-
Saulad ar iTvleba. ar SeiZleba TavSesaf-
ris micema im ucxoelebisaTvis, romelTa Se-
xedulebebi da saqmianoba ewinaaRmdegeba ga-
eros amocanebsa da principebs da saqarTve-
los saxelmwifos interesebs.
Tarjimani _ sisxlis samarTlis procesisa da
samoqalaqo procesis monawile, romelic
Tavisuflad flobs samarTalwarmoebis enas
da im enas, romelzedac procesis monawile
iZleva ganmartebas an Cvenebas. Tarjimani
valdebulia, zustad da srulad Targmnos
Cveneba Tu dokumenti. Segnebulad araswori
TargmanisaTvis Tarjimani pasuxs agebs sisx-
lis samarTlis wesiT.
imigracia (laT. immigrare vsaxldebi) _ imig-
rantTa qveyanaSi Sesvlis procesi. imigran-
ti ucxoelia, romelmac saqarTvelos kanon-
mdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT moipova saqar-
TveloSi mudmivad cxovrebis ufleba.
impiCmenti (laT. impechment ) _ maRali Tanam-debobis pirTa Tanamdebobidan gadayenebis
gansakuTrebuli wesi.
konstituciis darRvevis, saxelmwifo Rala-
tisa da sisxlis samarTlis sxva danaSauli-
saTvis saqarTvelos prezidentis, uzenaesi sa-
samarTlos Tavmjdomaris, mTavrobis wevris,
104
Cvenikonstitucia
generaluri prokuroris, kontrolis palatis
Tavmjdomarisa da erovnuli bankis sabWos
wevris Tanamdebobidan gadayenebis wesi.
impiCmentis wesiT Tanamdebobis piris gada-
yenebis sakiTxis aRZvris ufleba aqvs parla-
mentis sruli Semadgenlobis aranakleb erT
mesameds.
inteleqtualuri sakuTreba _ qonebrivi da
piradi araqonebrivi uflebebi, romlebic
warmoiSoba mecnierebis, literaturisa da
xelovnebis nawarmoebTa Seqmnisa da gamoye-
nebis, agreTve SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis Se-
degad Seqmnili zogierTi sxva Rirebulebis
(magaliTad, telegadacema, radiodadgma, sa-
saqonlo nimuSi, sawarmoo nimuSi da a.S.) sa-
fuZvelze.
informaciis Tavisufleba _ adamianis erT-
erTi piradi xasiaTis ufleba. yovel adami-
ans aqvs ufleba, Tavisuflad miiRos da gaav-
rcelos informacia, gamoTqvas da gaavrce-
losTavisi azri zepirad, werilobiT an sxva-
gvari saSualebiT. masobrivi informaciis
saSualebebi Tavisufalia. cenzura dauS-
vebelia. saqarTvelos yovel moqalaqes uf-
leba aqvs, kanoniT dadgenili wesiT, gaecnos
saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi masze arsebul
informacias, iq daculoficialurdokumen-
tebs, Tu isini ar Seicavs saxelmwifo, pro-
fesiul an komerciul saidumloebas. infor-
maciis gacnobaze ukanonod uaris Tqma an
mcdari informaciis wardgena danaSaulia da
isjeba sisxlis samarTlis wesiT.
105
iuridiuli piri _ gansazRvruli miznis misaR-
wevad Seqmnili sakuTari qonebis mqone orga-
nizebuli warmonaqmni, romelic Tavisi qone-
biT damoukideblad agebs pasuxs da saku-
Tari saxeliT iZens uflebebsa da movale-
obebs, debs garigebebs da SeuZlia sasamar-
TloSi gamovides mosarCeled da mopasuxed.
saxelmwifo samoqalaqo-samarTlebriv ur-
TierTobebSi monawileobs iseve, rogorc
kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli piri. saxelm-
wifos uflebamosilebebs am dros axorci-
eleben misi organoebi ise, rom isini ar war-
moadgenen iuridiul pirebs.
iuridiuli piris adgilsamyofelad iTvle-
ba misi administraciis mdebareobis adgili.
iurisdiqcia (laT. jurisdictio sasamarTlo war-
moeba) _ Sesabamisi saxelmwifo organoebis
kanoniT dadgenili uflebamosileba, ganixi-
lon da gadawyviton samarTlebrivi davebi,
miscen kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebebs samar-
Tlebrivi Sefaseba, gamoiyenon samarTal-
damrRvevTa mimarT iZulebiTi Tu aRmzrde-
lobiTi xasiaTis RonisZiebani.
iusticiis umaRlesi sabWo _ prezidentis sa-
TaTbiro organo, sasamarTlo reformis ga-
satareblad winadadebebis SemuSavebisa da
kanoniT dadgenili sxva amocanebis Sesru-
lebis mizniT.
kanoni (berZn. kanon wesi, ganawesi) _ saxelm-
106
Cvenikonstitucia
wifos umaRlesi warmomadgenlobiTi orga-
nos mier gansakuTrebuli wesiT miRebuli
normatiuli aqti. zog qveyanaSi kanons iRe-
ben sayovelTao saxalxo kenWisyriT, anu re-
ferendumiT. kanoni awesrigebs mniSvnelovan
sazogadoebriv urTierTobebs, warmoadgens
moqmedi samarTlis wyaros.
kanonis miRebis procedura Sedgeba ramde-
nime stadiisagan: kanonproeqtis momzadeba,
sakanonmdeblo iniciativa, kanonproeqtis
ganxilva, miReba, kanonproeqtis gadacema
prezidentisaTvis xelmosawerad, kanonis
gamoqveyneba.
kanonis ukuZala _ kanonis moqmedebis gavrce-
leba mis kanonier ZalaSi Sesvlamde arsebul
SemTxvevebze. saerTo wesis Tanaxmad, kanons
ara aqvs ukuZala. am wesidan gamonaklisi
gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos TviTon kano-
niT. sisxlis samarTlis kanons, romelic
auqmebs qmedobis danaSaulebriobas, amsubu-
qebs sasjels an sxvagvarad aumjobesebs
damnaSavis mdgomareobas, aqvs ukuZala, xo-
lo kanons, romelic awesebs qmedebis dana-
Saulebriobas, amkacrebs sasjels an sxvag-
varad auaresebs damnaSavis mdgomareobas,
ukuZala ara aqvs. saerTod, ar SeiZleba, ka-
nons mieces ukuZala, Tu igi zianis momtania,
an auaresebs piris mdgomareobas
kanonmdebloba _ sakanonmdebloda kanonqvemde-
bare normatiuli aqtebis erToblioba. saqar-
Tvelos kanonmdeblobas qmnis saqarTvelos
107
sakanonmdeblo aqtebi (saqarTvelos konsti-
tucia, konstituciuri kanoni, organuli ka-
noni, kanoni, saqarTvelos prezidentis dek-
reti)da kanonqvemdebare aqtebi (saqarTvelos
parlamentis dadgenileba, saqarTvelos pre-
zidentis, ministrisada aRmasrulebeli xeli-
suflebis sxva saxelmwifo uwyebis xelmZRva-
nelis, saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis, saqar-
Tvelos kontrolis palatis normatiuli aq-
tebi da sxv.). saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xel-
Sekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi saqarTvelos
kanonmdeblobis nawilia.
kompensacia (laT. compensatia anazRaureba) _
sazRauri, Tanxa, rasac uxdian risame asanaz-
Raureblad.
kompetencia (laT. competentia ) _ ama Tu im sa-xelmwifo organos an Tanamdebobis piris
uflebamosileba, romelic gansazRvravs mis
adgils saxelmwifo organoebis sistemaSi.
sakiTxTa wyeba, romelTa jerovani codna
moepoveba visme.
konkurencia (laT. concurrentia Sejaxeba) _ me-
warmeTa Sejibri gamoSvebuli produqciis
xarisxisa da asortimentis gaumjobesebiT
sasaqonlo bazarze upiratesobis mosapoveb-
lad, agreTve bazarze damoukideblad moq-
medi ekonomikuri agentebis metoqeoba, roca
TiToeuli maTganis qmedeba zRudavs meto-
qis SesaZleblobas, upiratesoba moipovos
bazarze da xels uwyobs momsaxurebisaTvis
saWiro saqonlis warmoSobas.
108
Cvenikonstitucia
konstitucia (laT. constitutio dadgena) _ aris
samarTlebrivi aqti an samarTlebrivi aqte-
bis erToblioba, romelic miRebulia saxel-
mwifo xelisuflebis umaRlesi organos mi-
er an referendumis gziT, gaaCnia umaRlesi
iuridiuli Zala da aregulirebs sazogado-
ebisa da saxelmwifos organizaciis safuZ-
vlebs, pirovnebisa da saxelmwifos urTier-
Tobis ZiriTad principebs.
kontinenturi Selfi _ teritoriul wylebTan
mimdebare garkveuli siganis zRvis fskeris
raioni, romelzec mosazRvre saxelmwifo
axorcielebs garkveul suverenul ufle-
bebs.
saqarTvelos kontinenturi Selfi vrcel-
deba saxmeleTo teritoriis mTel bunebriv
sigrZeze xmeleTis wyalqveSa kidis gare saz-
Rvramde 200 sazRvao milis manZilze an
vrceldeba ara umetes 200 sazRvao milis
manZilze im swori amosavali xazebidan, rom-
lebidanac xdeba teritoriuli wylebis aT-
vla Tu xmeleTis wyalqveSa kidis gare saz-
Rvari ar vrceldeba am manZilze.
calkeul SemTxvevebSi, kontinenturi Sel-
fis gare sazRvari dgindeba mosazRvre an mo-
pirdapire saxelmwifosTan dadebuli saer-
TaSoriso xelSekrulebiT, an SeTanxmebiT.
kontrolis palata _ saxelmwifo safinanso-
ekonomikuri kontrolis umaRlesi organo,
Seqmnili saxelmwifo saxsrebisa da saxelm-
wifos sxva materialur faseulobaTa gamo-
109
yenebasa da xarjvaze zedamxedvelobis miz-
niT. igi emsaxureba erovnuli simdidrisa da
saxelmwifo qonebis dacvas, akontrolebs da
aanalizebs saxelmwifo materialuri da fu-
ladi resursebis gamoyenebis kanonierebas,
miznobriobasa da efeqtianobas.
konfidencialuri (laT. confidentia ndoba) _
saidumlo, risi gaxmaurebac ar SeiZleba.
krediti (laT. creditum sesxi, vali) _ 1. saqon-
lis an fulis gacema sesxad, romelic ukan
sargebelTan erTad brundeba. 2. (finans.)
garkveuli xarjebis gasawevad gacemuli
Tanxa.
kulturuli memkvidreoba _ saqarTvelos ka-
nonmdeblobiT, kulturis is nawili, romel-
mac sazogadoebis ganviTarebis procesSi da-
imkvidra, SeinarCuna an aRidgina faseulo-
bis mniSvneloba da Taobidan Taobas gada-
ecema.
mandati (laT. mandatum davaleba) _ visime
rwmunebulebis damadasturebeli dokumen-
ti.
manifestacia (laT. manifestatio gamocxadeba)
_ moqalaqeTa demonstracia, masobrivi sa-
jaro gamosvla, quCaSi msvleloba solida-
robis an protestis gamoxatvis mizniT, an
msvleloba plakatebis, lozungebis, trans-
parantebisa da sxva saxviTi saSualebebis ga-
moyenebiT.
110
Cvenikonstitucia
marTlmsajuleba _ samarTlianoba, kanoniere-
ba, sasamarTlo xelisuflebis ganxorciele-
bis forma, rac niSnavs sasamarTlos mier
sisxlis samarTlisa da samoqalaqo saqmeebis
ganxilva-gadawyvetas, ese igi, kanoniT da-
culi sikeTis xelyofis faqtis sasamarTlo
wesiT dadgenas da samarTaldamrRvevTa mi-
marT saxelmwifo iZulebiTi RonisZiebebis
gamoyenebas. saqarTveloSi marTlmsajule-
bas mxolod saerTo sasamarTloebi axorci-
eleben.
masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi _ masob-
rivi informaciis saSualebebSi igulisxmeba:
gazeTebi, Jurnalebi, tele-radio progra-
mebi, video da kinodokumentalistika, bi-
uletenebi, 500-ze meti tiraJiT dabeWdili
wignebi da sxva perioduli an erTjeradi ga-
mocemebi, Tu isini gankuTvnilia informa-
ciis sajaro gavrcelebisaTvis. masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebi warmodgenilia,
agreTve, gamomcemlobebiT, perioduli pre-
sis, tele- da radiomauwyeblobis redaqci-
ebiT, romlebic awarmoeben da avrceleben
masobriv informacias (saqarTvelos kanoni
`presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva sa-
Sualebebis Sesaxeb~).
memkvidreoba _ gardacvlili piris (mamkvid-
reblis) qonebis gadasvla sxva pirebze (mem-
kvidreebze) kanoniT an anderZiT, anda orive
safuZvliT. samkvidro qoneba Seicavs mamk-
vidreblis rogorc qonebrivi uflebebis,
ise movaleobebis erTobliobas, romelic
mas hqonda sikvdilis momentisaTvis.
111
meri (fr.maire , ingl.mayor , laT. major didi,ufrosi) _ qalaqis meTauri, municipalite-
tis umaRlesi Tanamdebobis piri.
mTavarsardali _ jarebis (flotis, aviaciis)
sardali saomari moqmedebis erT-erT rome-
lime ubanze an strategiul mimarTulebaze,
agreTve SeiaraRebuli Zalebis calkeuli
saxeobebisa. saxelmwifos SeiaraRebuli Za-
lebis ufrosi.
mTavroba (ministrTa kabineti, ministrTa sab-
Wo) _ saxelmwifos aRmasrulebeli xelisuf-
lebis umaRlesi kolegiuri organo, romel-
sac saTaveSi udgas premier-ministri (kanc-
leri, ministrTa kabinetisa Tu sabWos Tav-
mjdomare). marTva-gamgeobis formis Sesaba-
misad, mas qmnis parlamenti, an prezidenti,
an orive erTad.
mTavroba _ saqarTvelos prezidentis sa-
TaTbiro organo Sedgeba premier-minist-
risa da ministrebisagan, maT Soris saxelm-
wifo ministrebisagan. mTavroba Tavisi uf-
lebamosilebis ganxorcielebisas xelmZRva-
nelobs samTavrobo programiT, romelsac
ndobas ucxadebs saqarTvelos parlamenti.
mTavrobis formirebis, misi uflebamosile-
bis moxsnis, mTavrobis wevrebis _ ministre-
bis Tanamdebobaze daniSvnisa da Tanamde-
bobidan gaTavisuflebis wesi ganisazRvreba
saqarTvelos konstituciiTa da kanoniT
`aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis struqtu-
risa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb~.
112
Cvenikonstitucia
ministri _ mTavrobis wevri, romelic meTa-
urobs saministros da awesrigebs: saminist-
ros gamgeblobis sferosaTvis mikuTvnebul
sakiTxebs; pasuxismgebelia saqarTvelos kon-
stituciis, sxva kanonebis, saqarTvelos
prezidentis brZanebulebebisa da gankargu-
lebebis Sesrulebaze im sferoSi, romelic
saministros mmarTvelobas ganekuTvneba;
adgens saministros sferoSi arsebuli sa-
xelmwifo dawesebulebebis struqturas,
saqmis warmoebis wess; asrulebs misTvis sa-
qarTvelos kanonebiT, saqarTvelos prezi-
dentis brZanebulebiTa da gankargulebebiT
dakisrebul sxva amocanebs (saqarTvelos
kanoni `aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis struq-
turisa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb~).
momxmarebeli _ piradi saWiroebisaTvis saqon-
lis (samuSaos, momsaxurebis) gamomyenebeli,
SemZeni, SemkveTi an aseTi ganzraxvis mqone
piri. saqarTveloSi momxmareblis dacvis ga-
rantiebi dadgenilia saqarTvelos kanoniT
`momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb~.
monopolia _ raime sagnis warmoebisa da gayid-
vis im gansakuTrebuli uflebis damyareba,
rac erT pirs, pirTa jgufs an saxelmwifos
ekuTvnis.
monopoliuri saqmianoba _ ekonomikuri agen-
tis, saxelmwifo organos saqmianoba, rome-
lic saSualebas aZlevs mas, arsebiTi gavlena
moaxdinos bazarze da SezRudos konkuren-
113
cia. ekonomikuri agenti CaiTvleba monopo-
liuri mdgomareobis mqoned, Tu misi wili
konkretul sasaqonlo bazarze pirdapir an
arapirdapir aRemateba antimonopoliuri
samsaxuris mier dadgenil zRvrul odeno-
bas.
mosakrebeli _ aucilebeli gadasaxdeli bi-
ujetSi, romelsac ixdian fizikuri da iuri-
diuli pirebi saxelmwifos mier maTTvis
kanoniT gansazRvruli saqmianobis ganxor-
cielebisa Tu sargeblobis uflebis mini-
WebisaTvis, agreTve saxelmwifo organoebis
mier gaweuli garkveuli momsaxurebisaTvis.
mosakreblebis zogadi principebi gansazRv-
rulia saqarTvelos 1998 wlis 6 Tebervlis
kanoniT `mosakreblebis sistemis safuZvle-
bis Sesaxeb~
mosamarTle _ saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT,
saerTo sasamarTlos Tanamdebobis piri, ro-
melic kanoniT dadgenili wesiT arCeuli an
daniSnulia mosamarTled da erTpirovnu-
lad an kolegiis SemadgenlobaSi axorci-
elebs marTlmsajulebas. mosamarTle SeiZ-
leba iyos saqarTvelos qmedunariani moqa-
laqe ocdaaTi wlis asakidan, Tu mas aqvs
umaRlesi iuridiuli ganaTleba, specialo-
biT muSaobis sul cota xuTi wlis gamocdi-
leba, flobs saxelmwifo enas da Cabarebuli
aqvs sakvalifikacio gamocda. saqarTvelos
yvela mosamarTlis uflebamosilebis vadaa
10 weli. mosamarTlis Tanamdeboba SeuTav-
114
Cvenikonstitucia
sebelia nebismier sxva TanamdebobasTan,
garda pedagogiuri saqmianobisa. mosamarT-
le ar SeiZleba iyos politikuri gaerTiane-
bis wevri da monawileobdes politikur saq-
mianobaSi. mosamarTle xelSeuxebelia. marT-
lmsajulebis ganxorcielebisas mosamarT-
lis uflebamosileba gansazRvrulia sapro-
ceso kanonmdeblobiT.
moqalaqe _ konstituciuri samarTlis mixed-
viT, piri, romelic samarTlebriv safuZvel-
ze miekuTvneba gansazRvrul saxelmwifos.
moqalaqes gaaCnia uflebebi, Tavisuflebebi
da akisria movaleobebi. Tavisi samarTleb-
rivi mdgomareobiT konkretuli saxelmwi-
fos moqalaqe gansxvavdeba am saxelmwifos
teritoriaze myof moqalaqeobis armqone
pirTagan; kerZod, mxolod moqalaqes aqvs
politikuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi.
moqalaqeoba _ piris myari politikur-samar-
Tlebrivi kavSiri konkretul saxelmwifos-
Tan, rac gamoixateba urTierTsanacvlo uf-
lebamosilebaTa erTianobiT: saxelmwifo
aRiarebs moqalaqis uflebebsa da Tavisuf-
lebebs, icavs da mfarvelobs mas rogorc
qveynis SigniT, ise sazRvargareT;Tavis mxriv,
moqalaqe valdebulia, icavdes da asruleb-
des qveynis kanonebs. moqalaqeobis mopoveba
xdeba dabadebiT, moqalaqeobis miRebiT (na-
turalizaciiT), kanonmdeblobiTa da saer-
TaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT gaTvaliswine-
buli sxva safuZvlebiT.
115
saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTve-
los moqalaqeobis Sesaxeb~, saerTaSoriso
samarTlisa da saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-
bis Sesabamisad, uzrunvelyofs saqarTve-
los moqalaqis uflebaTa dacvas rogorc
qveyanaSi, ise mis farglebs gareT.
mowme _ piri, romlisTvisac cnobilia sisxlis
samarTlis saqmis garemoebaTa dasadgenad
saWiro monacemebi. Cvenebaze uaris Tqmisa da
cru Cvenebis micemisaTvis mowme pasuxs agebs
sisxlis samarTlis wesiT.
msjavrdebuli _ sisxlis samarTlis pasuxis-
gebaSi micemuli piri, romlis mimarTac ga-
motanilia sasamarTlos gamamtyunebeli ga-
naCeni.
mtkicebuleba _ kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli
wyaroebidan da kanonieri wesiT miRebuli
cnobebi, romelTa safuZvelze mxareebi ica-
ven TavianT uflebebsa da kanonier intere-
sebs, xolo momkvlevi, gamomZiebeli, proku-
rori da sasamarTlo adgenen saqmis sworad
gadawyvetisaTvis mniSvnelovan garemoebebs.
mtkicebulebaTa meSveobiT sisxlis samarT-
lis saqmeze dgindeba, pirma Caidina Tu ara
danaSauli, brali, danaSaulis motivi, ag-
reTve saqmis sworad gadawyvetisaTvis mniS-
vnelovani sxva garemoebebi.
araviTar mtkicebulebas ara aqvs winaswar
dadgenili Zala. momkvlevi, gamomZiebeli,
prokurori, mosamarTle mtkicebulebebs
afaseben Tavisuflad, TavianTi Sinagani
rwmeniT.
116
Cvenikonstitucia
nafici msajulebi _ xalxis warmomadgenlebi,
romlebic uSualod monawileoben marTl-
msajulebis ganxorcielebaSi. isini, rogorc
wesi, qmnian damoukidebel kolegias, rome-
lic verdiqtis gamotaniT wyvets mxolod
braldebulis braleulobisa Tu udanaSa-
ulobis sakiTxs. braleulad cnobis SemTx-
vevaSi ganaCens adgenen da sasjels niSnaven
profesionali mosamarTleebi damoukideb-
lad an nafic msajulebTan erTad.
normatiuli aqti _ uflebamosili saxelmwifo
an adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa da
mmarTvelobis organos an Tanamdebobis pi-
ris mier kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT
miRebuli (gamocemuli) samarTlebrivi aqti,
romelic Seicavs misi mudmivi an droebiTi
da mravaljeradi gamoyenebis zogad wess da
Sesasruleblad savaldebuloa.
saqarTvelos normatiuli aqtebia: saqarT-
velos konstitucia, saqarTvelos konsti-
tuciuri kanoni, saqarTvelos saerTaSori-
so xelSekruleba da SeTanxmeba, saqarTve-
los organuli kanoni, saqarTvelos prezi-
dentis dekreti, saqarTvelos prezidentis
brZanebuleba, saqarTvelos parlamentis
dadgenileba, saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis
prezidentis brZaneba, saqarTvelos kont-
rolis palatis normatiuli aqti, ministri-
sa da aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis sxva sa-
xelmwifo uwyebis xelmZRvanelis brZaneba.
117
omi _ samxedro moqmedebebi saxelmwifoebs So-
ris, agreTve saxelmwifoebsa da erovnul-
ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobebs Soris, rasac
Tan sdevs maT Soris arsebuli yvela samS-
vidobourTierTobis sruli gawyveta. saxel-
mwifoebs Soris omis SemTxvevaSi wydeba
diplomatiuri, sakonsulo, savaWro, ekono-
mikuri da sxva urTierTobebi, irRveva Sesa-
bamisi xelSekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi, Tan-
mdevi samarTlebrivi SedegebiT.
parlamenti (frang. parlement ) _ saxelmwifosumaRlesi warmomadgenlobiTi sakanonmdeb-
lo organo.
saqarTvelos parlamenti aris qveynis umaR-
lesi warmomadgenlobiTi organo, romelic
axorcielebs sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas,
gansazRvravs qveynis saSinao da sagareo po-
litikis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs, saqarTve-
los konstituciiT dadgenil farglebSi
kontrols uwevs saqarTvelos mTavrobis
saqmianobas, axorcielebs konstituciiT,
sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebiTa da parlamen-
tis reglamentiT misTvis miniWebul sxva uf-
lebamosilebebs.
parlamenti uflebamosilia miiRos saqarT-
velos konstitucia, konstituciuri kanoni,
konstituciuri SeTanxmeba, organuli kano-
ni, kanoni, parlamentis reglamenti, dadge-
nileba, rezolucia, deklaracia, mimarTva,
gancxadeba da sxva gadawyvetilebebi.
118
Cvenikonstitucia
parlamentis wevri _ sruliad saqarTvelos
warmomadgeneli parlamentSi, arCeuli pro-
porciuli an maJoritaruli saarCevno we-
siT.
piradi ufleba _ adamianis bunebrivi, Tanda-
yolili da individualuri xasiaTis ufleba,
Tavisufleba.
politikuri partia _ saerTo msoflmxedve-
lobriv da organizaciul safuZvelze Seqm-
nili moqalaqeTa nebayoflobiTi damouki-
debeli da registrirebuli gaerTianeba.
partia, rogorcTavisufali, demokratiuli
sazogadoebis aucilebeli konstituciuri
samarTlebrivi nawili, arCevnebis meSveobiT
da kanonmdeblobiT nebadarTuli sxva saSu-
alebebiT monawileobs moqalaqeTa politi-
kuri nebis formirebasa da gamoxatvaSi.
policia _ sazogadoebrivi wesrigis dacvisa da
damnaSaveobasTan brZolis sagangebo orga-
noTa sistema. policia awarmoebs danaSa-
ulis mokvlevas, adgens administraciul sa-
marTaldarRvevas, awesrigebs sagzao moZra-
obas, axorcielebs kanoniT miniWebul sxva
uflebamosilebas.
prezidenti (laT. praesidens TavSi mjdomi) _
respublikuri mmarTvelobis qveynebSi sa-
xelmwifos an saxelmwifosa da aRmasrule-
beli xelisuflebis meTauri.
119
premier-ministri (frang. premier pirveli) _mTavrobis meTauri.
prokuratura _ sasamarTlo xelisuflebis da-
wesebuleba, romelic Tavisi kompetenciis
farglebSi axorcielebs kanonierebis dac-
vis funqcias.
prokurori _ prokuraturis organoebis Tanam-
debobis piri, romelic axorcielebs gansaz-
Rvrul uflebamosilebas. saqarTvelos ka-
nonmdeblobiT, prokurori aris saqarTve-
los generaluri prokurori, yvela qvemd-
gomi prokurori, prokuroris moadgile,
ufrosi TanaSemwe, sammarTvelos, ganyofi-
lebis, nawilis ufrosi an misi moadgile da
sxva. yvela prokurori Tanamdebobaze iniS-
neba generaluri prokuroris mier, genera-
lur prokurors ki niSnavs saqarTvelos par-
lamenti. prokurorad SeiZleba dainiSnos 30
wels miRweuli saqarTvelos moqalaqe iuri-
diuli ganaTlebiT, romelic flobs samar-
Talwarmoebis enas, gavlili aqvs staJireba
prokuraturaSi, Cabarebuli aqvs sakvali-
fikacio gamocdebi, dadebuli aqvs fici.
profesiuli kavSiri _ saqmianobis mixedviT
saerTo sawarmoo, profesiuli interesebiT
dakavSirebul pirTa (muSakTa) nebayoflobi-
Ti sazogadoebrivi gaerTianeba (organiza-
cia), romlis mizania misi wevrebis SromiTi,
socialur-ekonomikuri da samarTlebrivi
uflebebisa da interesebis dacva da warmo-
madgenloba.
120
Cvenikonstitucia
procesi (laT. processus dawinaureba) _ sasa-
marTloSi saqmis gamoZiebisa da sasamarTlo
ganxilvis wesi, samarTalwarmoeba. sisxlis
samarTlis saqmeze samarTalwarmoebas ewo-
deba sisxlis samarTlis procesi, xolo
samoqalaqo saqmeze _ samoqalaqo procesi,
administraciul saqmis warmoebas _ adminis-
traciuli procesi da a. S.
rasa (frang. race < italiuri razza) _ saerTowarmoSobis mqone adamianTa istoriulad Ca-
moyalibebuli jgufi, romelsac axasiaTebs
memkvidreobiT gadacemuli zogi saerTo ni-
SanTviseba: sxeulis agebuleba, kanis, Tmis
feri, Tavis forma, simaRle da sxva.
ratifikacia (frang. ratification ) _ saxelmwifos
umaRlesi organos mier am saxelmwifos saxe-
liT dadebuli saerTaSoriso xelSekrule-
bis savaldebulod aRiarebaze Tanxmobis
gamoxatvis forma.
saqarTvelos konstituciiT, saerTaSoriso
xelSekrulebaTa da SeTanxmebaTa ratifici-
rebas axdens saqarTvelos parlamenti.
registracia (laT. registrum sia) _ raime arse-
bis, faqtisa Tu movlenis, agreTve maT Sesa-
xeb arsebuli informaciis aRricxva, doku-
menturi Cawera.
reglamenti (frang. reglament ) _ warmomadgen-lobiTi organos sxdomis, krebis, sesiisa Tu
yrilobis Catarebis wesi da am wesis damd-
geni dokumentis saxelwodeba.
121
magaliTad, saqarTvelos parlamentis reg-
lamenti kanonis Zalis mqone sakanonmdeblo
aqtia, romelic gansazRvravs parlamentis
uflebamosilebaTa ganxorcielebis wess,
proceduras, parlamentis Sinagan struqtu-
ras da savaldebuloa parlamentis yvela
wevrisaTvis, agreTve gansazRvrul farg-
lebSi _ parlamentis kontrols daqvemdeba-
rebuli yvela organosa da organizaciisaT-
vis.
religia (laT. religio win. re-dan da ligare da-
kavSireba) _ sarwmunoeba, rwmena, RmerTis
Tayvaniscema da aRiareba.
referendumi (laT. referendum rac unda auw-
yon) _ 1. aris saerTo-saxalxo gamokiTxva
kenWisyriT, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani
saxelmwifoebrivi sakiTxebis sabolood ga-
dasawyvetad. 2. referendumi xalxis Zalauf-
lebis ganxorcielebis erT-erTi formaa,
rac uzrunvelyofilia saqarTvelos kons-
tituciiTa da saqarTvelos organuli kano-
niT `referendumis Sesaxeb~. 3. referendumi
imarTeba saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze.
4. igi ewyoba sayovelTao, Tanaswori da nebis
pirdapiri gamovlenis mizniT, faruli ken-
WisyriT. 5. moqalaqeebi masSi monawileoben
uSualod da piradad. referendumSi mona-
wiles aqvs erTi xma. 6. referendumSi mona-
wileoba Tavisufalia, moqalaqeebis neba-
survilis gamovlinebisadmi kontroli da-
uSvebelia. 7. referendumi mzaddeba da imar-
122
Cvenikonstitucia
Teba Riad da sajarod. referendumis Sede-
gad miRebuli gadawyvetilebis Secvla an ga-
uqmeba SeiZleba mxolod referendumiT.
saarsebo minimumi _ erT mosaxleze samomxma-
reblo saqonlis RirebulebiTi gamoxatu-
leba, romelic qveynis socialur-ekonomi-
kuri ganviTarebis donis Sesabamisad, uz-
runvelyofs adamianis minimaluri fizio-
logiuri da socialuri moTxovnilebebis
dakmayofilebas.
saarCevno bloki _ saqarTvelos centraluri
saarCevno komisiis mier registrirebuli
ori an meti partiis gaerTianeba.
saarCevno sistema _ sazogadoebriv urTier-
TobaTa erToblioba, romelic dakavSirebu-
lia arCevnebis gziT sajaro xelisuflebis
organoebis formirebasTan.
maJoritaruli sistema _ saqarTvelos par-
lamentisa da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-
bis warmomadgenlobiTi organos _ sakrebu-
los wevrebis, gamgeblebisa da merebis ar-
Cevnebi erTmandatiani an mravalmandatiani
saarCevno olqebis mixedviT.
proporciuli sistemiT Catarebuli sapar-
lamento da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-
bis warmomadgenlobiTi organos arCevnebi
partiuli siebis safuZvelze. politikuri
partiebis mier warmodgenil siebs eyreba
kenWi da TiToeuli partiis mier mopovebuli
mandatebis raodenoba ganisazRvreba saar-
123
Cevno kvotis, ese igi, im xmebis raodenobis
mixedviT, rac erTi deputatis asarCevadaa
saWiro.
sabaJo organoebi _ saxelmwifo organoebi,
romlebic uSualod axorcieleben sabaJo
saqmianobas. saqarTveloSi sabaJo saqmiano-
bas axorcielebs samarTaldamcavi organos
statusis mqone sabaJo departamenti, rome-
lic Sedis saqarTvelos finansTa saminis-
tros SemadgenlobaSi.
sabraldebo daskvna _ braldebulisadmi waye-
nebuli braldebis mokle werilobiTi aRwe-
ra da braldebulis samarTalSi micemis sa-
fuZveli.
sagadasaxado kodeqsi _ kodificirebuli sa-
kanonmdeblo aqti, romelic gansazRvravs
saqarTvelos sagadasaxado sistemis formi-
rebisa da funqcionirebis zogad principebs,
gadasaxadis gadamxdelebisa da sagadasaxa-
do organoebis samarTlebriv mdgomareobas,
sagadasaxado samarTaldarRvevis saxeebs,
sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis darRvevisaT-
vis pasuxismgeblobas, sagadasaxado organo-
ebisa da maTi Tanamdebobis pirebis aramar-
Tlzomier qmedebaTa gasaCivrebis wessa da
pirobebs, sagadasaxado davis gadawyvetis
wess, aregulirebs sagadasaxado valdebu-
lebebis SesrulebasTan dakavSirebul sa-
marTlebriv urTierTobebs.
sagadasaxado kodeqsi miRebulia 2004 wlis
22 dekembers.
124
Cvenikonstitucia
sagangebo mdgomareoba _ saxelmwifo xeli-
suflebisa da mmarTvelobis organoebis da-
wesebulebebis, sawarmoebisa da organizaci-
ebis saqmianobis kanoniT dadgenili dro-
ebiTi sagangebo reJimi, romlis drosac iz-
Rudeba moqalaqeTa garkveuli uflebebi da
ekisrebaT maT damatebiTi valdebulebani.
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad,
sagangebo mdgomareoba cxaddeba saqarTve-
los moqalaqeTa usafrTxoebis uzrunvel-
yofis interesebisaTvis omianobis Tu masob-
rivi areulobis, qveynis teritoriuli mTli-
anobis xelyofis, samxedro gadatrialebisa
Tu SeiaraRebuli amboxebis, ekologiuri ka-
tastrofebisa da epidemiebis dros, stiqiur
ubedurebaTa, didi avariebis, epizootiebis
an sxva SemTxvevebSi, roca saxelmwifo xeli-
suflebis organoebi moklebulni arian kon-
stituciur uflebamosilebaTa normaluri
ganxorcielebis SesaZleblobas.
saqarTvelos prezidenti sagangebo mdgoma-
reobas acxadebs qveynis mTel teritoriaze
an mis romelime nawilSi da es gadawyveti-
leba araugvianes 48 saaTisa Seaqvs parlamen-
tSi dasamtkiceblad. sagangebo mdgomare-
obis gamocxadebis mizania viTarebis uswra-
fesi normalizacia, kanonierebisa da marT-
lwesrigis aRdgena.
saerTaSoriso organizacia _ saerTaSoriso
saxelmwifoTaSoriso an mTavrobaTaSorisi
organizacia.
125
saerTaSoriso samarTali _ saerTaSoriso sa-
xelSekrulebo da Cveulebrivi normebis er-
Toblioba, romelic gamoxatavs saxelmwifo-
Ta SeTanxmebul nebas da awesrigebs maT So-
ris TanamSromlobasa da urTierTobebs, ro-
gorc mSvidobian periodSi, ise omianobis
dros.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba _ saxelmwifoTa
an saerTaSoriso samarTlis sxva subieqte-
bis SeTanxmeba politikur, ekonomikur Tu
sxva urTierTobebSi maTi urTierTuflebe-
bisa da movaleobebis dadgenis, Secvlisa Tu
Sewyvetis Sesaxeb. saerTaSoriso xelSekru-
leba saerTaSoriso samarTlis ZiriTadi
wyaroa.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba moicavs yvela
saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebas: xelSekrulebas,
SeTanxmebas, paqts, traqtats, deklaracias,
konvencias, komunikes da a.S.
saerTosasamarTlo_saqarTveloSi saerTokom-
petenciis sasamarTlo,romelic axorcielebs
sisxlis, samoqalaqo da administraciul saq-
meTa ganxilvas. saerTo sasamarTloebia: ra-
ionuli (saqalaqo) sasamarTlo, saolqo sasa-
marTlo, afxazeTisa da aWaris avtonomiuri
respublikebis umaRlesi sasamarTloebi, sa-
qarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo. saerTo
sasamarTloebis sistema erTiania.
sakanonmdeblo iniciativa _ sakanonmdeblo
procesis stadia, rac niSnavs kompetenturi
organoebisa da subieqtebis mier kanonpro-
eqtebis sakanonmdeblo organoSi wardgenas.
126
Cvenikonstitucia
sakonstitucio sasamarTlo _ sakonstitucio
kontrolis sasamarTlo organo, romelic
uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelos konstituciis
uzenaesobas, konstituciur kanonierebasa
da adamianis konstituciuri uflebebisa da
Tavisuflebebis dacvas. saqarTvelos sakons-
titucio sasamarTlos iurisdiqcia vrcel-
deba saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze.
sakonstitucio sasamarTlo Sedgeba cxra
wevrisagan. maTgan sams niSnavs prezidenti,
sams irCevs parlamenti, xolo sams niSnavs
uzenaesi sasamarTlo. sakonstitucio sasa-
marTlos wevris uflebamosileba 10 welia.
sakuTrebis ufleba _ mesakuTris ufleba, ka-
noniTa da saxelSekrulebo valdebulebiT
dadgenil farglebSi Tavisuflad flobdes
da sargeblobdes qonebiT (nivTiT), ar dauS-
vas sxva pirTa mier am qonebiT sargebloba,
gankargos igi, Tuki amiT ar ilaxeba mezob-
lebis an sxva mesame pirTa uflebebi, anda,
Tu es moqmedeba ar warmoadgens uflebis bo-
rotad gamoyenebas.
samarTaldarRveva _ moqmedeba an umoqmedoba,
romelic arRvevs kanoniTa da sxva norma-
tiuli aqtebiT dadgenil qcevis wess, zians
ayenebs samarTliT dacul sazogadoebriv
urTierTobebs. samarTaldarRvevas warmo-
adgens mxolod marTlsawinaaRmdego qceva.
samarTaldarRveva ar aris qceva, romelic
ar arRvevs, ar ewinaaRmdegeba samarTleb-
rivi normebiT dadgenil normebs, Tumca,
127
zneobis TvalsazrisiT, SeiZleba gasakicxi
da dasagmobi iyos.
samarTali _ saxelmwifos mier Tavisi miznebisa
da amocanebis Sesabamisad dadgenili norme-
bis an sanqcirebuli qcevis savaldebulo we-
sebis erToblioba, romlis dacva uzrunvel-
yofilia darwmunebiT an saxelmwifoebrivi
iZulebiT.
samarTlis normebi an dadgenilia, an sanqci-
rebuli. saxelmwifo an axal, manamde ucnob
normebs adgens, an sanqcias aZlevs, ese igi,
savaldebulo Zalas aniWebs ukve cnobil,
zneobrivi Tu sxva socialuri normebis sa-
xiT moqmed normebs. samarTlebrivi norme-
bis dacva da Sesruleba savaldebuloa yve-
lasaTvis, visac isini exeba. samarTlis moT-
xovnebi Tu nebayoflobiTa da darwmunebis
meTodebiT ar sruldeba, saxelmwifo uz-
runvelyofs maT iZulebiT Sesrulebas, sa-
marTaldarRvevis mimarT iZulebiTi xasi-
aTis RonisZiebebis gamoyenebas.
samarTali awesrigebs saxelmwifo, sazoga-
doebrivi Tu piradi cxovrebisa da saqmi-
anobis sxvadasxva, formiTa da SinaarsiT
gansxvavebul urTierTobas.
samarTlebrivi saxelmwifo _ demokratiuli
saxelmwifo, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebeli
da niSandoblivia: kanonis uzenaesoba, xeli-
suflebis danawileba, adamianis uflebebis
dacva.
samarTlebriv saxelmwifoSi saxelmwifo xe-
128
Cvenikonstitucia
lisufleba xorcieldeba kanonis safuZvel-
ze da kanonis CarCoebSi. kanonisa da sasamar-
Tlos winaSe yvela Tanasworia, kanonis moT-
xovnebi Tanabrad savaldebuloa saxelmwifo
organoebis, Tanamdebobis pirebisa da moqa-
laqeebisaTvis. saxelmwifo xelisufleba
xorcieldeba xelisuflebis danawilebis
principis safuZvelze; dauSvebelia sakanon-
mdeblo, aRmasrulebeli da sasamarTlo
funqciebis aRreva. umaRles socialur Ri-
rebulebad miCneulia adamiani, misi Rirseba,
uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi.
saministro _ kanonis safuZvelze, saxelmwi-
foebrivi da sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis gan-
sazRvrul sferoSi saxelmwifo mmarTvelo-
bis uzrunvelsayofad Seqmnili saxelmwifo
organo.
saministros xelmZRvanelobs ministri. sa-
ministros mmarTvelobis sfero ganisazR-
vreba saministros debulebiT.
samxedro valdebuleba _ saqarTvelos kanonm-
deblobiT, saqarTvelos dacva 18-dan 27
wlamde asakis saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqis
movaleobaa. samxedro valdebulebis moxdis
forma ganisazRvreba kanoniT.
samxedro valdebuleba iTvaliswinebs: sam-
xedro aRricxvas, samxedro samsaxurisaTvis
momzadebas, samxedro samsaxurs, rezervs.
samxedro samsaxurSi myofni iwodebian sam-
xedro mosamsaxureebad, xolo rezervSi
myofni _ rezervistebad. samxedro samsaxur-
129
Si gawveuli moqalaqe debs samxedro fics,
romlis teqsts amtkicebs saqarTvelos par-
lamenti.
18-dan 27 wlamde asakis saqarTvelos moqa-
laqe, romelic imyofeba an valdebulia im-
yofebodes samxedro aRricxvaze da ara aqvs
samxedro samsaxurSi gawvevisagan gaTavi-
suflebis an gawvevis gadavadebis ufleba _
eqvemdebareba samxedro valdebulebis mox-
das.
samxedro wodebebi _ samxedro Zalebis mosam-
saxureTa da maTTan gaTanabrebul pirTaT-
vis Tanamdebobrivi mdgomareobisa da namsa-
xurebisaTvis dawesebuli wodebebi.
saomari mdgomareoba _ SeiaraRebuli Tavdas-
xmis SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifos mTelterito-
riaze gansakuTrebuli wesebis gamocxadeba,
rac Seesabameba qveynis Tavdacvis intere-
sebs.
saqarTveloSi saomari mdgomareoba cxadde-
ba saqarTvelos konstituciiTa da saqarT-
velos 1997 wlis 31 oqtombris kanoniT `sa-
omari mdgomareobis Sesaxeb~ da miznad isa-
xavs qveynis teritoriuli mTlianobis, sa-
xelmwifo uSiSroebisa da sazogadoebrivi
wesrigis dacvis uzrunvelyofas. saqarT-
velos teritoriaze saomar mdgomareobas
acxadebs saqarTvelos prezidenti, romlis
mier gamocemul brZanebulebaSi unda aRi-
niSnos aseTi gadawyvetilebis motivi da va-
da.
130
Cvenikonstitucia
saparlamento komisia _ saqarTvelos parla-
mentis droebiTi organo, romelic iqmneba
parlamentis gadawyvetilebiT parlamentis
reglamentiT calkeuli sakiTxebis Sesaswav-
lad da gadawyvetilebis proeqtis mosamza-
deblad.
saparlamento fraqcia _ parlamentis wevrTa
nebayoflobiTi gaerTianeba, romelic Seqm-
nilia parlamentis wevrTa mier.
fraqciis Camoyalibebis ufleba aqvs parla-
mentis aranakleb 10 wevrs, romelTa ufle-
bamosileba dadasturebulia parlamentis
mier. parlamentis wevri SeiZleba gaerTian-
des mxolod erT fraqciaSi. dauSvebelia
fraqciis saxiT parlamentis wevrTa iseTi
gaerTianebis Camoyalibeba, romelic miznad
isaxavs piradi, profesiuli, adgilobrivi an
religiuri interesebis dacvas.
sarCeli _ samoqalaqo administraciul pro-
cesSi darRveuli Tu sadavo uflebis an sxva
kanonieri interesis sasamarTlo wesiT dac-
vis Sesaxeb moTxovna, romelic warmoadgens
pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi saqmis aRZ-
vris safuZvels.
sasamarTlo _ saxelmwifo organo, romelic
kanoniT dadgenili wesiT axorcielebs sa-
samarTlo xelisuflebas. saqarTveloSi am
funqcias axorcielebs sakonstitucio sasa-
marTlo da saerTo sasamarTloebi. maTi
sistema da samarTalwarmoebis wesi dadge-
nilia kanoniT.
131
sasamarTlo xelisufleba _ xelisuflebis
damoukidebeli sfero, romelic sakanon-
mdeblo da aRmasrulebel xelisuflebasTan
erTad qmnis erTian saxelmwifo sajaro
xelisuflebas.
sasjeli _ sasamarTlos ganaCeniT damnaSavi-
saTvis daniSnuli saxelmwifo iZulebiTi Ro-
nisZieba, romlis mizania samarTlianobis aR-
dgena, axali danaSaulis Tavidan acileba da
damnaSavis resocializacia.
sasjelis saxeebia: jarima, Tanamdebobis da-
kavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeva,
sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo Sroma, ga-
masworebeli samuSao, samxedro piris samsa-
xurebrivi SezRudva, Tavisuflebis SezRud-
va, tusaRoba, vadiani Tavisuflebis aRkveTa,
uvado Tavisuflebis aRkveTa.
saqarTvelos mTavroba _ saqarTvelos kanonm-
deblobis Sesabamisad uzrunvelyofs aRmas-
rulebeli xelisuflebis, qveynis saSinao da
sagareo politikis ganxorcielebas. mTav-
roba Tavisi saqmianobiT pasuxismgebelia
saqarTvelos prezidentisa da parlamentis
winaSe.
saqarTvelos prezidenti _ aris saqarTvelos
saxelmwifos meTauri. igi warmarTavs da
axorcielebs saxelmwifos saSinao da saga-
reo politikas; uzrunvelyofs qveynis er-
Tianobasa da mTlianobas, saxelmwifo orga-
noTa saqmianobas konstituciis Sesabamisad.
132
Cvenikonstitucia
prezidenti umaRlesi warmomadgenelia sa-
gareo urTierTobebSi. igi aris SeiaraRe-
buli Zalebis umaRlesi mTavarsardali.
saxalxo damcveli _ saqarTveloSi parlamen-
tis mier 5 wlis vadiT arCeuli Tanamdebobis
piri, romelic saqarTvelos konstituciiT,
saqarTvelos 1996 wlis 16 maisis organuli
kanoniT `saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb~ da sxva
sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT dadgenil fargleb-
Si, adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa
dacvisa da saxelmwifos mier maTi uzrun-
velyofis mizniT, zedamxedvelobs saxelm-
wifo xelisuflebis, adgilobrivi TviTm-
marTvelobis organoebis Tanamdebobis da
iuridiul pirTa saqmianobas, afasebs maT
mier miRebul aqtebs, aZlevs rekomenda-
ciebsa da winadadebebs.
saxelmwifo _ gansazRvrul teritoriaze ar-
sebuli sajaro xelisufleba, romelic ad-
gens yvelasaTvis savaldebulo qcevis we-
sebs da gansakuTrebuli aparatis meSveobiT
axorcielebs Tavis suverenul uflebamo-
silebas, uzrunvelyofs kanonierebas, sazo-
gadoebriv wesrigsa da mTlianobas.
saxelmwifo sazogadoebis politikuri xe-
lisuflebis organizaciaa. am xelisuflebas
sajaro ewodeba imitom, rom moqmedebs xal-
xis saxeliT. igi saxelmwifo xelisuflebaa,
radganac xorcieldeba saxelmwifos gansa-
kuTrebuli organoebis meSveobiT, saWiro
SemTxvevaSi iZulebiTi RonisZiebebis gamo-
133
yenebiT. saxelmwifo xelisufleba xorciel-
deba gansazRvruli teritoriis farglebSi,
vrceldeba am saxelmwifos moqalaqeebze da
mis teritoriaze mudmivad Tu droebiT
myof yvela sxva adamianze. saxelmwifo xe-
lisufleba iqmneba da xorcieldeba samar-
Tlebrivi normebis safuZvelze da fargleb-
Si. mxolod sajaro xelisuflebaa ufleba-
mosili, ganaxorcielos samarTalSemoqme-
deba, daadginos yvelasaTvis savaldebulo
qcevis wesebi, uzrunvelyos maTi dacva da
Sesruleba, gamoiyenos iZulebiTi xasiaTis
RonisZiebebi. saxelmwifo xelisufleba su-
verenulia rogorc qveynis SigniT, ise mis
farglebs gareT, xorcieldeba Tavisuflad,
yvela sxva xelisuflebisagan damoukideb-
lad.
saxelmwifo gerbi (germ. arbi , polon. herb miwa,miwis floba, miwis memkvidreobiToba) _
warmoadgens saxelmwifoebriobis koncent-
rirebul gamosaxulebas. igi erTgvari xato-
vani manifestia imis Sesaxeb, Tu politikuri,
istoriuli, teritoriuli da samarTleb-
rivi TvalsazrisiT, ras warmoadgens qveyana,
ra ZiriTadi idea gansazRvravs mis arse-
bobas. gerbis miReba da dakanoneba xdeba ar-
sebuli umaRlesi xelisuflebis mier.
gerbis mTavari damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebaa
masSi gamoxatuli memkvidreobiToba.
gerbi aucileblad unda emorCilebodes he-
raldikuri mecnierebis mkacr kanonebs.
134
Cvenikonstitucia
saxelmwifo droSa _ saxelmwifos erT-erTi
oficialuri simbolo, misi suverenitetis
gamoxatuleba. aRimarTeba parlamentis, me-
riis, saelCos da sxva saxelmwifo dawesebu-
lebebis Senobaze.
saxelmwifo ena _ ZiriTadi ena, romelsac iye-
neben saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi, saqmis
warmoebaSi, samarTalwarmoebaSi da sxva
oficialur struqturebsa da urTierTo-
bebSi. saxelmwifo enis statuss, rogorc we-
si, gansazRvravs qveynis konstitucia. saqar-
Tvelos saxelmwifo ena aris qarTuli, xolo
afxazeTSi _ agreTve afxazuri.
saxelmwifo ministri _ iniSneba saqarTvelos
premier-ministris mier (prezidentTan Se-
TanxmebiT) gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis
amocanebis Sesasruleblad.
saxelmwifo sazRvari _ faqtobrivi Tu warmo-
saxviTi xazi da am xazis gaswvriv gamavali
vertikaluri sibrtye, romelic saxelmwi-
fos teritorias (xmeleTi, wyali, wiaRi, sa-
haero sivrce) gamoyofs mosazRvre saxel-
mwifos teritoriisagan. saqarTvelos sa-
xelmwifo sazRvris samarTlebrivi reJimi
gansazRvrulia saqarTvelos 1998 wlis 17
ivlisis kanoniT `saqarTvelos saxelmwifo
sazRvris Sesaxeb~.
saxelmwifo jildoebi _ saqarTvelos kanonm-
deblobiT, saqarTvelos im moqalaqeTa da-
135
jildoeba ordenebiTa da medlebiT, romel-
Tac gmiroba, mamacoba gamoiCines samSoblos
dacvisa da erTianobisaTvis brZolaSi, gan-
sakuTrebuli piradi wvlili miuZRviT da-
moukidebeli qarTuli saxelmwifos mSeneb-
lobaSi. saxelmwifo jildoebis miniWebis
wesi gansazRvrulia saqarTvelos parlamen-
tis dadgenilebiT damtkicebuli debule-
biT `saqarTvelos saxelmwifo jildoebis _
ordenebisa da medlebis Sesaxeb~.
saxelmwifo himni _ poetur-musikaluri nawar-
moebi, adidebs samSoblos, saxelmwifos,
istoriul movlenebsa da mis gmirebs. himni
saxelmwifos erT-erTi oficialuri simbo-
loa, romelic sruldeba alionze da dRis
damTavrebisas, sazeimo, samgloviaro da sxva
ceremonialze.
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo himnis teqsti da
musika damtkicebulia `saxelmwifo himnis
Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 2004 wlis 21 maisis
organuli kanoniT.
saxelmwifos Tavdacva _ politikur, ekonomi-
kur, samxedro, socialur, samarTlebriv da
sxva RonisZiebaTa erToblioba, rac uzrun-
velyofs saxelmwifos, misi mosaxleobis, te-
ritoriisa da suverenitetis dacvas Seiara-
Rebuli Tavdasxmisagan.
saxelmwifos meTauri _ saxelmwifos umaRlesi
Tanamdebobis piri, romelic saxelmwifos
warmoadgens saSinao Tu sagareo urTierTo-
136
Cvenikonstitucia
bebSi. igi aRWurvilia farTo uflebamosi-
lebiT, ayalibebs mTavrobas, aris SeiaraRe-
buli Zalebis umaRlesi mTavarsardali,
iwvevs parlamentis sesiebs, axdens msjavr-
debulTa Sewyalebas, xels awers da aqveynebs
kanonebs, gamoscems dekretebs.
saxelmwifos teritoria _ dedamiwis nawili,
romelzec vrceldeba gansazRvruli saxel-
mwifos suvereniteti. saxelmwifo terito-
ria moicavs xmeleTsTavisi wiaRiTda wylebs,
agreTve maT zeviT arsebul sahaero sivrces.
saxmeleTo da wylis teritoriis qveS arse-
buli wiaRi mocemuli saxelmwifos kuT-
vnilebaa teqnikurad misawvdom sazRvramde.
saxelmwifos Ralati _ saqarTvelos kanonm-
deblobiT, saqarTvelos moqalaqis an saqar-
TveloSi mudmivad mcxovreb moqalaqeobis
armqone piris mier Cadenili saqarTvelos
konstituciuri wyobilebisa da uSiSroebis
safuZvlebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli Semdegi
danaSaulebi: saqarTvelos teritoriuli
xelSeuxeblobis darRveva; antikonstitu-
ciuri xelSekrulebis dadeba an molapara-
kebis warmoeba; saqarTvelos sagareo uSiS-
roebis xelyofa; ucxoeTis sadazvervo sam-
saxurSi Sesvla; saqarTvelos Tavdacvisuna-
rianobis xelyofa; saxelmwifo saidumlo-
ebis gacema; jaSuSoba; SeTqmuleba an ambo-
xeba saqarTvelos konstituciuri wyobile-
bis ZaladobiT Sesacvlelad; sabotaJi; uc-
xo qveynisaTvis, ucxoeTis an ucxoeTis kon-
trols daqvemdebarebuli organizaciebi-
saTvis mtrul saqmianobaSi daxmareba.
137
sahaero sivrce _ saqarTvelos saxelmwifo te-
ritoriis vertikalurad mdebare sivrce
(atmosfero), romelzedac saerTaSoriso sa-
marTlis sayovelTaod aRiarebuli norme-
biTa da saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSek-
rulebebiTa da SeTanxmebebiT vrceldeba
saqarTvelos suvereniteti.
senati _ parlamentis zeda palata, romelic
saqarTveloSi orpalatiani parlamentis
Seqmnis SemTxvevaSi Seiqmneba.
sesia (laT. sessio sxdoma) _ warmomadgenlo-
biTi organos, saerTaSoriso organizaciis,
samecniero da sxva organizaciebis konfe-
renciebis muSaobis periodi.
warmomadgenlobiTi organos, ZiriTadad,
parlamentis sesia SeiZleba iyos morigi,
sagangebo, riggareSe da eqstraordinaruli.
sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micema _
damnaSavis mxileba da kanonis swori gamoye-
nebiT misi samarTlianad dasjis uzrunvel-
yofa. danaSaulis Cadenis gamo damnaSavem
pasuxi unda agos Cadenili qmedebisaTvis,
xolo saxelmwifos ufleba eZleva, pasuxi
agebinos damnaSaves, Seufardos mas kanoniT
gaTvaliswinebuli sasjeli. am uflebamosi-
lebas saxelmwifo axorcielebs specialuri
organoebis meSveobiT, romlebic kanoniT
dadgenili wesiT aRZraven sisxlis samar-
Tlis saqmes, atareben winaswar gamoZiebas,
pasuxisgebaSi aZleven da sjian damnaSaves.
138
Cvenikonstitucia
sityvis Tavisufleba _ adamianis erT-erTi
mniSvnelovani politikuri ufleba. sityvis,
azris, sindisis, aRmsareblobis, rwmenis Ta-
visuflebebi mWidro kavSirSia erTmaneTTan,
konstituciaSic erT muxlSia CamoTvlili
da gaTanabrebulia maTi dacvis samarTleb-
rivi reJimi. sityvis Tavisuflebis xelyofa
danaSaulia da isjeba sisxlis samarTlis we-
siT.
standarti (ingl. standard ) _ uflebamosiliorganos mier damtkicebuli dokumenti. igi
sayovelTao da mravaljeradi gamoyenebi-
saTvis adgens wesebs, zogad principebsa da
maxasiaTeblebs saqonlis, masTan dakavSire-
buli procesebisa da warmoebis meTodebi-
saTvis, romelTa dacva savaldebulo ar
aris. standarti agreTve SeiZleba moicavdes
an eqskluziurad exebodes terminologiis,
simboloebis, SefuTvis, niSandebis an eti-
ketebis moTxovnebs saqonlis, procesis an
warmoebis meTodis mimarT.
statusi (laT. status mdgomareoba) _ samarT-
lis subieqtis samarTlebrivi normebiT
dadgenili mdgomareoba, misi uflebebisa da
movaleobebis erToblioba.
suvereniteti (germ. souveranitat ) _ xelisuf-lebis uzenaesoba da damoukidebloba. sa-
xelmwifo samarTlis mecnierebaSi asxvave-
ben saxelmwifo, erovnul da saxalxo suve-
renitets.
139
saxelmwifo suvereniteti niSnavs saxelm-
wifo xelisuflebis uzenaesobas, rogorc
qveynis SigniT, ise mis farglebs gareT.
erovnul suverenitets uwodeben eris srul-
uflebianobas, mis politikur Tavisufle-
basa da realur SesaZleblobebs, gansazR-
vros Tavisi cxovrebis xasiaTi politikuri
TviTgamorkvevisa da damoukidebeli saxel-
mwifos Seqmnis CaTvliT.
saxalxo suvereniteti aris xalxis srulZa-
lauflebianoba, misi uflebamosileba, re-
alurad monawileobdes saxelmwifoebrivi
da sazogadoebrivi saqmeebis marTvaSi.
teritoriuli wylebi (teritoriuli zRva) _
sazRvao zoli, romelic akravs saxelmwifos
napirebs da romelzedac vrceldeba am sa-
xelmwifos suvereniteti. saxelmwifo Tvi-
Ton gansazRvravs Tavisi teritoriuli
wylebis siganes saerTaSoriso samarTlis
CveulebiT damkvidrebuli zolis farg-
lebSi (3-dan 12-mde sazRvao mili), romelic
aiTvleba zRvis ukiduresi miqcevis xazidan.
saqarTvelos teritoriul wylebs miekuTv-
neba Savi zRvis sanapiro wylebis nawili,
romlis siganea 12 sazRvao mili da aiTvleba
im wertilebis SemaerTebeli swori amosava-
li xazebidan, romelTa koordinatebs sa-
xelmwifo sazRvris dacvis saxelmwifo de-
partamentis wardginebiT amtkicebs saqar-
Tvelos prezidenti.
140
Cvenikonstitucia
tranziti (laT. transitus gavla) _ saxelmwifos
sabaJo teritoriaze sabaJo kontroliT
produqciis gadaadgileba.
udanaSauloba _ braldebuli udanaSaulod
iTvleba, vidre misi braleuloba ar damt-
kicdeba kanoniT dadgenili wesiT da kano-
nier ZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlos ganaCeniT.
aravin ar aris valdebuli, amtkicos Tavisi
udanaSauloba.
uzenaesi sasamarTlo _ saqarTvelos mTel te-
ritoriaze marTlmsajulebis ganxorciele-
bis umaRlesi da saboloo instanciis sasa-
marTlo.
uzenaesi sasamarTlo dadgenili saproceso
formiT zedamxedvelobs marTlmsajulebis
ganxorcielebas saqarTvelos saerTo sasa-
marTloebSi, pirveli instanciiT ganixilavs
kanoniT gansazRvrul saqmeebs, ganixilavs
sakasacio saCivrebs qvemdgomi sasamarTlo-
ebis gadawyvetilebebze, axorcielebs kano-
niT gaTvaliswinebul sxva uflebamosile-
bas.
ufleba _ fizikuri da iuridiuli pirisaTvis
kanoniTa Tu sxva normatiuli aqtiT miniWe-
buli da garantirebuli garkveuli qcevis
SesaZlebloba, uflebamosileba. uflebas,
rogorc wesi, Seesabameba sxva pirTa garkve-
uli qcevis movaleoba.
141
finansebi (frang. finance < laT. financia Semo-
savali) _ yvela fuladi saSualebis erTob-
lioba, romelsac gankargavs piri, sawarmo,
saxelmwifo, agreTve misi Camoyalibebis,
ganawilebisa da gamoyenebis sistema.
fiskaluri (< laT. fiscalis saxazino) _ rac
fiskis, anu saxelmwifo xazinis interesebs
exeba. Sesabamisad, fiskaluri politika aris
sagadasaxado-sabiujeto politika da saga-
dasaxado sistemasa da saxelmwifo xarjebis
struqturis saTanado marTviT ekonomikur
aqtivobaze zemoqmedebis meqanizmi.
fici _ raime Tanamdebobaze arCeuli an daniS-
nuli piris (prezidenti, mosamarTle, saxal-
xo damcveli da a.S.), agreTve raime samarT-
lebrivi urTierTobis monawilis (magali-
Tad, samxedro mosamsaxure) sazeimo dapi-
reba, rom keTilsindisierad Seasrulebs
masze dakisrebul movaleobas.
fuli _ sayovelTao ekvivalenti, romelic sa-
marTlebriv urTierTobebSi ixmareba nivTi-
sa Tu aramaterialuri qonebrivi sikeTis
Rirebulebis gamoxatvis saSualebad.
qalaqi _ administraciul-teritoriuli da-
yofis erTeuli. saqarTveloSi qalaqi Sedis
raionis SemadgenlobaSi. aris qalaqebi, rom-
lebic aseT SemadgenlobaSi ar Sedis. esenia:
Tbilisi, baTumi, soxumi, quTaisi, rusTavi,
foTi da cxinvali. zogi qalaqi dayofilia
raionebad.
142
Cvenikonstitucia
qmeduunaro _ fizikuri piris uunaroba, Tavisi
nebiTa da moqmedebiT SeiZinos da ganaxor-
cielos samoqalaqo uflebebi da movale-
obebi.
qmeduunarod miiCneva aseve piri, romelic
Wkuasustobis an suliT avadmyofobis gamo
sasamarTlos mier aseTad iqna aRiarebuli.
qmeduunaroa agreTve 7 wlamde asakis aras-
rulwlovani (mcirewlovani). qmeduunaro
piris uflebebs axorcielebs misi kanonieri
warmomadgeneli (meurve).
qoneba _ samoqalaqo samarTalSi yvela nivTi
da aramaterialuri qonebrivi sikeTe, ro-
melTa floba, sargebloba da gankargva Se-
uZliaT fizikur da iuridiul pirebs da
romlis SeZenac SeiZleba SeuzRudavad, Tuki
es akrZaluli ar aris kanoniT an ar ewinaaR-
mdegeba zneobriv normebs.
qorwineba _ ojaxis Seqmnis mizniT qalisa da
mamakacis nebayoflobiTi da registrire-
buli kavSiri. daqorwinebisaTvis aucilebe-
lia saqorwino asaki da dasaqorwinebel pir-
Ta Tanxmoba.
Sekreba _ saqarTvelos konstituciiT aRiare-
buli erT-erTi mniSvnelovani politikuri
ufleba _ winaswari nebarTvis gareSe Seik-
ribon sajarod da uiaraRod. es ufleba ar
vrceldeba samxedro Zalebis, uSiSroebis
samsaxuris, policiisa da finansuri poli-
ciis SemadgenlobaSi myof pirebze.
143
Sewyaleba _ msjavrdebulis gaTavisufleba
sasjelis Semdgomi moxdisagan, anda misTvis
daniSnuli sasjelis Semcireba an Secvla
ufro msubuqi sasjeliT. saqarTveloSi Sew-
yalebas axorcielebs saqarTvelos prezi-
denti individualurad gansazRvruli piris
mimarT. Sewyalebis aqtiT sasjelmoxdils
SeiZleba moexsnas nasamarTlobac.
Cveneba _ sisxlis samarTlis processa da sa-
moqalaqo procesSi erT-erTi mtkicebuleba,
romlis safuZvelzec dgindeba saqmeze swo-
ri gadawyvetilebis misaRebad saWiro ga-
remoebebi. Cvenebas iZlevian eWvmitanili,
braldebuli, dazaralebuli da mowme. Cve-
nebis miReba Zaladobis, muqaris, motyuebis,
SantaJis, pirovnebis abuCad agdebis an sxva
ukanono meTodebis gamoyenebiT danaSaulia
da isjeba kanoniT. danaSaulia agreTve mow-
misa da dazaralebulis mier winaswari Sec-
nobiT cru Cvenebis micema an Cvenebis mice-
maze uaris Tqma.
Cxreka _ sisxlis samarTlis procesSi sagamo-
Ziebo moqmedeba, romelic tardeba im iara-
Ris, sagnis aRmosaCenad da amosaRebad, ra-
sac danaSaulis kvali atyvia, agreTve dana-
Saulebrivi gziT mopovebuli nivTis, fase-
ulobis, sxva sagnisa da dokumentis aRmosa-
Cenad, romlebic saWiroa saqmis garemoebaTa
gasarkvevad, agreTve Zebnili pirisa da gva-
mis aRmosaCenad. Cxreka tardeba mosamar-
Tlis brZanebiT, romelic gaicema momkv-
144
Cvenikonstitucia
levis, gamomZieblis, prokuroris Suamdgom-
lobis safuZvelze. Cxreka tardeba dams-
wreTa, xolo saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi speci-
alistis monawileobiT. Cxrekis Sesaxeb dge-
ba oqmi kanoniT dadgenili wesiT.
cenzura (laT. censura ) _ xelisuflebis meT-valyureoba nabeWd produqciaze, sasceno
dadgmebze, radio- da telegadacemebze, xo-
lo zogjer kerZo mimoweris Semowmeba, raTa
ar dauSvan an SezRudon xelisuflebisaTvis
miuRebeli mankieri da mavne informaciis
gavrceleba. demokratiuli qveynebis kanon-
mdebloba aRiarebs informaciis Tavisuf-
lebas da krZalavs cenzuras.
wodeba _ kanoniT an sxva uflebamosili or-
ganos mier dadgenili saxelwodeba, rome-
lic adasturebs calkeuli moqalaqisa Tu
koleqtivis damsaxurebas, profesiul-sam-
saxurebriv, samecniero an sxvagvari kvali-
fikaciis oficialur aRiarebas. wodebebi
arsebobs samxedro, samecniero, sapatio da
a. S.
145