Our Constitution · PDF filetermini uZvelesi droidan, jer kidev romis imperiiskanonmdeblobidanixmareboda.‘kon- ... alod moqmedi samarTali, rac imas niSnavs, rom xelisuflebis ganxorcielebisas,

1

Our ConstitutionConstitution of Georgia for Youth

saredaqcio jgufi:

lali gziriSviliTamar demetraSvilimerab basilaiazurab guncaZezurab maCabeli

koreqtori:

mzia Somaxia

dizaini:

besik danelia

wigni momzadda da gamoica evraziis fondis

dafinansebiT (granti N: G04-0101)

aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos

saxsrebis meSveobiT. masSi gadmocemuli

Tvalsazrisebi SeiZleba ar emTxveodes

aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosa

da evraziis fondis Sexedulebebs.

This publication is produced

through the project # G04-0101supported by a grantfrom the Eurasia Foundation through funds from

the United States Agency for International Development

(USAID). The opinions expressed in this publicationdo not necessarily represent those of the Eurasia

Foundation or USAID.

momzadebulia fondi ALPE-is mier

misamarTi: Tbilisi, al. WavWavaZis q. 8/33

tel.: 996512, 922914 faqsi: 920596,

el-fosta: [email protected], www.alpe.ge

saqarTveloskonstitucia

gamocemamozardebisaTvis

Cvenikonstitucia

4

Cvenikonstitucia

5

Cemo Zvirfaso megobrebo,

bednieri var, rom saSualeba maqvs kidev erTxel

mogmarToT Tqven, saqarTvelos axalgazrda

moqalaqeebs, Cveni samSoblos xvalindel dRes.

Tqveni patriotizmi, pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba da

ganaTleba Cveni saxelmwifos umTavresi kano-

nis _ misi konstituciis dacvis upirvelesi ga-

rantia da Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi warmatebis

safuZvelia.

Tavisufleba, Tanasworoba da samarTlianoba _ es

sami principi gansazRvravs, Tu ramdenad civi-

lizebulia sazogadoeba da Sesabamisad, saxel-

mwifo.

swored am principebis aRiarebisa da maTdami er-

Tgulebis deklarirebaa qveynis konstitucia.

mjera da mwams, rom Cven im winaprebis Rirseuli

memkvidreebi varT, romelTa Tavdadebam dRem-

de moitana Cveni samSoblo, da dRes saqarTve-

lo, iseve rogorc mTeli samxreT kavkasia, ci-

vilizebuli samyaros Semadgeneli nawilia.

saqarTvelos prezidenti

mixeil saakaSvili

6

Cvenikonstitucia

7

winamdebare naSromi erT mizans isaxavs _ igi Se-

ecdeba zogadi warmodgena SegiqmnaT saqar-

Tvelos konstituciaze, romelic qveynis

uzenaesi kanonia da adgens im ZiriTad we-

sebsa da principebs, romelTa gaTvaliswi-

nebiTac unda imoqmedos nebismierma pirma,

romelic cxovrobs, droebiT imyofeba Tu

sxva nebismieri formiT urTierTobs saqar-

TvelosTan.

termini `konstitucia~ (CONSTITUTIO)laTinu-

ri sityvaa da dawesebas, dadgenas niSnavs. es

termini uZvelesi droidan, jer kidev romis

imperiis kanonmdeblobidan ixmareboda. `kon-

stitucia~ _ monaTmflobelur da feoda-

lur sazogadoebebSi gamoxatavda impera-

torTa brZanebebsa da maT mier dadgenil

sxvadasxva wesebs, magram mas im droisaTvis

saxelmwifos ZiriTadi kanonis mniSvneloba

ar hqonia. konstituciis aRmoceneba burJu-

aziuli revoluciis Sedegia, romelmac Sva

axali sazogadoebrivi da saxelmwifoebrivi

institutebi. pirveli konstitucia daiwera

amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi (1787 wels da

8

Cvenikonstitucia

200 welze metia moqmedebs), Semdeg ki saf-

rangeTsa da poloneTSi (1791 wels). am peri-

odidan moyolebuli, mravali mecnier-

iuristi cdilobda konstituciis arsis

wvdomas; swored amgvari mcdelobebisa da

azrTa Sejerebis Sedegad, droTa ganmavlo-

baSi daixvewa da sabolood Camoyalibda kon-

stituciis cneba. konstituciam SeiZina

qveynis ZiriTadi kanonis Zala, romliTac

unda gansazRvruliyo saxelmwifos terito-

riuli mowyoba, sazogadoebrivi weswyobi-

lebis safuZvlebi, moqalaqeTa samarTleb-

rivi mdgomareoba da sxva iseTi umniSvne-

lovanesi principebi, romlebze dayrdnobi-

Tac saxelmwifo ganaxorcielebda Tavis ar-

sebobasa da funqcionirebas.

saqarTveloSi konstitucionalizmis ganviTa-

rebas sakmaod saintereso istoria aqvs. sa-

qarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis 1921

wlis konstituciis miRebamde, konstitucia,

rogorc erTiani aqti, saqarTveloSi ar ar-

sebobda, Tumca, arsebobda konstituciuri

xasiaTis aqtebi, romelTa Soris gansakuT-

rebiT aRsaniSnavia 1918 wlis 26 maisis saqar-

Tvelos damoukideblobis aqti. miTiTebuli

dokumentiT pirvelad ganisazRvra saqarT-

velos politikuri forma, saSinao da saga-

reo politikis ZiriTadi principebi da a. S.

saqarTveloSi pirvelad konstituciis proeq-

tis SemuSaveba miznad daisaxa 1919 wlis 12

marts arCeulma damfuZnebelma krebam, ro-

9

melmac amisaTvis Seqmna kidec sakonstitu-

cio komisia. komisiam SeimuSava Sesabamisi

proeqti, romelic 1921 wlis 26 ianvris dam-

fuZnebelma krebam daamtkica, xolo, imave

wlis 17 marts, damfuZnebeli krebis ukanas-

knelma sxdomam miiRo dadgenileba saqarT-

velos demokratiuli respublikis konsti-

tuciis moqmedebis droebiTi SeCerebis Ta-

obaze. am droisaTvis saqarTveloSi ukve

damyarebuli iyo sabWoTa xelisufleba. am-

rigad, saqarTvelos 1921 wlis konstitucia,

marTalia, faqtobrivad, ZalaSic ar Sesula,

magram Tamamad SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom es iyo

saxelmwifos ZiriTadi kanonis srulyofili

da daxvewili nimuSi, romelic msoflio

konstituciebis gamocdilebas efuZneboda

da, imavdroulad, zustad iTvaliswinebda

saqarTvelos sinamdvilisaTvis damaxasiaTe-

bel istoriul, kulturulda sxva saxis Ta-

viseburebebs.

saqarTveloSi sabWoTa xelisuflebis damyare-

bis Semdeg (rac 1921 wlis 25 Tebervals ru-

seTis mier samxedro okupaciiT ganxorci-

elda) saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialistur-

ma respublikam 1922 wlis 2 marts miiRo

Tavisi pirveli konstitucia. amis Semdeg ki-

dev sami konstitucia iqna miRebuli (1927

wlis 4 aprils, 1937 wlis 13 Tebervalsa da

1978 wlis 15 aprils).

me-20 saukunis 80-iani wlebis dasasruli da 90-

iani wlebis dasawyisi saqarTvelos istori-

10

Cvenikonstitucia

aSi Sevida, rogorc erovnuli moZraobis ga-

moRviZebisa da misi aRmasvlis xana. 1990

wlis 28 oqtombers saqarTveloSi Catarda

pirveli mravalpartiuli arCevnebi. axlad-

arCeulma uzenaesma sabWom, pirvelive sesi-

aze cvlilebebi Seitana 1978 wlis konsti-

tuciaSi, rac Seexo konstituciis preambu-

las, saxelmwifo simboloebs _ gerbs, dro-

Sas, himns; Seicvala saxelmwifo wyobileba

da konstituciis redaqciidan amoRebuli

iqna sityvebi `sabWoTa socialisturi~, dam-

kvidrda prezidentis instituti. es iyo uka-

naskneli konstitucia , romelic sabWoTa pe-

riodis konstituciaTa zogad Strixebs Se-

icavda da, faqtobrivad, warmoadgenda ssr

kavSiris konstituciis gadmoqarTulebul

variants.

1991 wlis 9 aprils miRebuli iqna saqarTvelos

saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdge-

nis aqti. amave wlis bolos saqarTveloSi po-

litikuri mdgomareoba sakmaod gamwvavda,

saqarTvelos respublikis uzenaes sabWos

vadamde Seuwyda uflebamosileba, gauqmda

prezidentis instituti, Seiqmna samxedro

sabWo, romelmac qveynis droebiT mTavro-

basTan erTad ikisra qveynis xelmZRvaneloba

da miiRo deklaracia, romliTac aRadgina

1921 wlis konstitucia. aRniSnuli aqti

qveynis ganviTarebis imdroindel etapze si-

namdvilesTan Seusabamo aRmoCnda da igi re-

alurad ver amoqmedda. 1992 wels arCeul iq-

na axali parlamenti, romelmac miiRo `kano-

11

ni saxelmwifo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb~ e.w.

`mcire konstitucia~, romelmac saqarTve-

los 1995 wlis konstituciis miRebamde

udavod dadebiTi roli Seasrula qarTuli

saxelmwifoebriobisa da konstituciona-

lizmis Semdgomi ganviTarebisaTvis.

1995 wlis 24 agvistos miRebuli iqna saqarTve-

los konstitucia. konstituciis miRebas win

uZRoda seriozuli, daZabuli da farTomas-

Stabiani muSaoba, romelSic CarTulni iyvnen

politikuri partiebis warmomadgenlebi,

politikuri da iuridiuli mecnierebis

TvalsaCino moRvaweebi.

saqarTvelos 1995 wlis 24 agvistos konstitu-

cia Sedgeba preambulis, 9 Tavisa da 109 mux-

lisagan.

12

Cvenikonstitucia

muxli 1

1. saqarTvelo aris damoukidebeli, erTiani

da ganuyofeli saxelmwifo, rac dadastu-

rebulia 1991 wlis 31 marts qveynis mTel

teritoriaze, maT Soris afxazeTis assr*-Si

da yofil samxreT oseTis avtonomiur olq-

Si Catarebuli referendumiT da 1991 wlis

9 aprilis saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi

damoukideblobis aRdgenis aqtiT.

2. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos politikuri wyo-

bilebis forma aris demokratiuli respub-

lika.

3. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos saxelwodebaa

`saqarTvelo~.

1991 wlis 31 marts saqarTvelos mTel terito-

riaze, maT Soris afxazeTis assr-Si da yo-

fil samxreT oseTis avtonomiur olqSi, Ca-

tarda referendumi. referendumi aris mo-

saxleobis sayovelTao-saxalxo gamokiTxva

da mis Sedegebs Sesasruleblad savalde-

bulo Zala aqvs. referendumSi monawileoba

miiRo saqarTvelos mosaxleobis didma na-

wilma da rogorc misma Sedegebma cxadyo,

maT gamoxates TavianTi uryevi neba da erT-

sulovnad dauWires mxari saqarTvelos da-

moukideblobas. swored aRniSnulis gaTva-

liswinebiT, 1991 wlis 9 aprils saqarTvelos

respublikis uzenaesma sabWom miiRo saqar-

Tvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblo-

bis aRdgenis aqti, romliTac saqarTvelo

gamocxadda damoukidebel saxelmwifod.

* avtonomiuri sabWoTa socialisturirespublika

13

saqarTvelos konstituciam 1991 wlis 9 aprilis

aqtis safuZvelze saqarTvelo gamoacxada

damoukidebel, erTian da ganuyofel saxel-

mwifod, romelsac ewoda saqarTvelo da

misi politikuri wyobilebis formad gani-

sazRvra demokratiuli respublika. demok-

ratiuli respublika saxelmwifo mmarTve-

lobis iseTi formaa, rodesac saxelmwifoSi

xelisuflebis wyaro aris xalxi. xalxi ir-

Cevs xelisuflebis umaRles organoebs,

romlebic xelisuflebis danawilebis prin-

cipis safuZvelze koleqtiurad marTaven

saxelmwifos.

xelisuflebis danawilebis principi gulisx-

mobs xelisuflebis dayofas sam damoukide-

bel Stod _ sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel

da sasamarTlo xelisuflebad. sakanonmdeb-

lo xelisuflebas axorcielebs parlamenti,

romelic iRebs kanonebs. aRmasrulebel xe-

lisuflebas axorcielebs mTavroba, rome-

lic pasuxismgebelia am kanonebis Sesrule-

baze, xolo sasamarTlo xelisufleba axor-

cielebs marTlmsajulebas, raTa dacul iq-

nes kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebi. xelisuf-

lebisdanawilebis principi safuZvladudevs

yvela demokratiuli saxelmwifos politi-

kur wyobilebas da uzrunvelyofs erTi ro-

melime organos an Tanamdebobis piris xelSi

Zalauflebis Tavmoyris Tavidan acilebas.

14

Cvenikonstitucia

muxli 2

1. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos teritoria gan-

sazRvrulia 1991 wlis 21 dekembris mdgoma-

reobiT. saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTli-

anoba da saxelmwifo sazRvris xelSeuxeb-

loba dadasturebulia saqarTvelos kons-

tituciiTa da kanonebiT, aRiarebulia sa-

xelmwifoTa msoflio Tanamegobrobisa da

saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier.

2. saqarTvelos saxelmwifos teritoriis gas-

xviseba akrZalulia. saxelmwifo sazRvrebis

Secvla SeiZleba mxolod mezobel saxelm-

wifosTan dadebuli ormxrivi SeTanxmebiT.

3. saqarTvelos teritoriuli saxelmwifoeb-

rivi mowyoba ganisazRvreba konstituciuri

kanoniT, uflebamosilebaTa gamijvnis prin-

cipis safuZvelze, qveynis mTel teritori-

aze saqarTvelos iurisdiqciis srulad aR-

dgenis Semdeg.

4. saqarTvelos moqalaqeebi adgilobrivi mniS-

vnelobis saqmeebs awesrigeben TviTmmarTve-

lobis meSveobiT saxelmwifo suverenitetis

Seulaxavad. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-

bis warmomadgenlobiTi da aRmasrulebeli

organoebis xelmZRvanelTa Tanamdeboba ar-

CeviTia. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis

organoebis Seqmnis wesi, uflebamosileba da

saxelmwifo organoebTan urTierToba gani-

sazRvreba organuli kanoniT.

miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos respubli-

kis uzenaesma sabWom 1991 wlis 9 aprils mi-

15

iRo saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damo-

ukideblobis aRdgenis aqti, saqarTvelo re-

alurad mainc warmoadgenda sabWoTa soci-

alisturi respublikebis kavSiris, rogorc

erTiani saxelmwifos Semadgenel nawils.

1991 wlis 21 dekembers sabWoTa kavSirma,

masSi mimdinare Sidapolitikuri movlenebis

Sedegad, rogorc erTianma saxelmwifom, ar-

seboba Sewyvita da yofili mokavSire res-

publikebi damoukidebel saxelmwifoebad

Camoyalibdnen. swored amitom saqarTvelos

konstitucia saqarTvelos saxelmwifos

teritorias gansazRvravs im teritoriuli

sazRvrebiT, romelic mas gaaCnda sabWoTa

kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi yofnisas. msoflio

Tanamegobrobisa da saerTaSoriso organi-

zaciebis mier saqarTvelo swored am sazRv-

rebiT iqna aRiarebuli, rogorc damoukide-

beli saxelmwifo.

konstitucia calsaxad da upirobod krZalavs

saqarTvelos teritoriis sxva saxelmwifo-

saTvis gadacemas. rac Seexeba qveynis teri-

toriuli sazRvrebis Secvlas, aRniSnuls

SesaZleblad miiCnevs mxolod im SemTxve-

vaSi, Tu arsebobs Sesabamisi ormxrivi SeTan-

xmeba mezobel saxelmwifosTan.

unda aRiniSnos, rom sabWoTa kavSiris daSlas

mohyva rigi umarTavi politikuri procese-

bi, samoqalaqo omi da konfliqtebi, ramac

Sedegad moitana is, rom afxazeTis avtono-

miuri respublika da yofili samxreT ose-

16

Cvenikonstitucia

Tis avtonomiuri olqi, mocemul istoriul

monakveTSi, faqtobrivad, TviTgamocxade-

buli saxelmwifoebia, romelTa teritori-

azec ar vrceldeba saqarTvelos iurisdiq-

cia, anu ar moqmedebs saqarTvelos kanonm-

debloba, ar funqcionireben saqarTvelos

saxelmwifo organoebi da a. S. swored aR-

niSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, saqarTvelos kon-

stituciam qveynis teritoriuli saxelmwi-

foebrivi mowyobis sakiTxis saboloo gan-

sazRvra, anu is, Tu ra uflebebi da valde-

bulebebi mieniWebaT mmarTvelobis centra-

lur Tu teritoriul organoebs da rogor

gaimijneba maTi uflebamosilebebi, SesaZ-

leblad miiCnia mxolod imis Semdgom, rac

qveynis mTel teritoriaze srulad iqneba

aRdgenili saqarTvelos iurisdiqcia. amas-

Tan, aRniSnuli unda ganxorcieldes konsti-

tuciuri kanoniT, romliTac xdeba konsti-

tuciaSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Seta-

na, konstituciis ganuyofeli nawilia da

iseTive iuridiuli Zala aqvs, rogoric Ta-

vad konstitucias.

saxelmwifoTavis funqciebs axorcielebs mmar-

Tvelobis erTiani, centralizebuli orga-

noebiT, magram arsebobs sakiTxebi, romle-

bic, Tavisi mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT,

saWiroebs gadawyvetilebis miRebas adgi-

lobriv _ qalaqis, raionis, soflis, Temis

an dabis doneze. aseTi sakiTxebis gadawy-

vetis mizniT, konstitucia awesebs adgilob-

rivi TviTmmarTvelobis arsebobas, raTa mo-

17

qalaqeebs saSualeba hqondeT damoukideb-

lad gadawyviton lokaluri sakiTxebi, Tum-

ca aRniSnuli imgvarad unda ganxorcieldes,

rom ar Seilaxos saxelmwifos suvereniteti.

TviTmmarTvelobis gansaxorcieleblad kon-

stituciiT gaTvaliswinebulia adgilobri-

vi TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa (warmomad-

genlobiTi da aRmasrulebeli) arseboba, ro-

melTa xelmZRvaneli Tanamdebobebi arCevi-

Tia da am arCevans akeTebs xalxi, adgilob-

rivi mosaxleoba. aRniSnuli sakiTxebi deta-

lurad daregulirebulia àdgilobrivi

TviTmmarTvelobisa da mmarTvelobis Sesa-

xeb~ saqarTvelos organul kanonSi, àdgi-

lobrivi warmomadgenlobiTi organos _ sak-

rebulos wevris statusis Sesaxeb~, àdgi-

lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa da mmarTvelo-

bis organoebis ekonomikuri saqmianobis or-

ganizebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonebsa da

sxva normatiul aqtebSi.

mu xli 6

1. saqarTvelos konstitucia saxelmwifos

uzenaesi kanonia. yvela sxva samarTlebrivi

aqti unda Seesabamebodes konstitucias.

2. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba Seesabameba sa-

erTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-

arebul principebsa da normebs. saqarTve-

los saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas an SeTan-

xmebas, Tu igi ar ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTve-

los konstitucias, konstituciur SeTanx-

mebas, aqvs upiratesi iuridiuli Zala Si-

18

Cvenikonstitucia

dasaxelmwifoebrivi normatiuli aqtebis

mimarT.

saxelmwifos gaaCnia sxvadasxva kanonebi, rom-

lebic awesrigebs sxvadasxva saxis sazoga-

doebriv urTierTobebs. am kanonebs Soris

arsebobs garkveuli ierarqia, rac ganpiro-

bebulia maTi iuridiuli ZaliT. aRniSnul

ierarqiaSi umaRlesi adgili ukavia saqar-

Tvelos konstitucias. amitom yvela sxva

kanoni, Tu kanonqvemdebare aqti unda Seesa-

bamebodes konstitucias. konstitucia ad-

gens ZiriTad normebs, romelTa safuZvel-

zec sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebi detalurad

awesrigebs konkretul sazogadoebrv urTi-

erTobebs. Tu romelime maTgani ar Seesaba-

meba konstitucias, aRniSnuli SeiZleba gax-

des maTi gauqmebis (Zaladakargulad gamoc-

xadebis) safuZveli Sesabamisi organoebis

mier.

saqarTvelo, rogorc saerTaSoriso Tanamegob-

robis wevri, aRiarebs saerTaSoriso samar-

Tlis sayovelTaod aRiarebul principebsa

da normebs. amiT saqarTvelo kisrulobs

valdebulebas, rogorc sxva saxelmwifoeb-

Tan xelSekrulebebis dadebisas, aseve Sida

sakanonmdeblo bazis formirebisas, ixelm-

ZRvanelos am principebiT. Tumca, saerTa-

Soriso xelSekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi ar

unda ewinaaRmdegebodes saqarTvelos kons-

titucias (konstituciur SeTanxmebas), ro-

gorc saqarTvelos uzenaes kanons. aseT Sem-

19

TxvevaSi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebsa da

SeTanxmebebs upiratesi iuridiuli Zala aqvs

Sidasaxelmwifoebriv normatiul aqtebTan

SedarebiT. saqarTvelos normatiuli aqte-

bis ierarqias, maTi momzadebisa da gamocemis

wesebs adgens saqarTvelos kanoni `normati-

uli aqtebis Sesaxeb~.

mu xli 7

saxelmwifo cnobs da icavs adamianis sayovel-

Taod aRiarebul uflebebsa da Tavisufle-

bebs, rogorc waruval da uzenaes adamianur

Rirebulebebs. xelisuflebis ganxorciele-

bisas xalxi da saxelmwifo SezRuduli arian

am uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT, rogorc

uSualod moqmedi samarTliT.

adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, rogorc

uzenaesi adamianuri Rirebulebebi, saerTa-

Soriso Tanamegobrobis mier sayovelTaod

aris aRiarebuli da ganmtkicebuli sxvadas-

xva saerTaSoriso aqtebiT. saqarTvelos kon-

stituciac swored am uzenaes adamianur Ri-

rebulebebzea orientirebuli. adamianis

uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi saqarTvelos

konstituciis mier miCneulia, rogorc uSu-

alod moqmedi samarTali, rac imas niSnavs,

rom xelisuflebis ganxorcielebisas, ro-

gorc xalxi, aseve saxelmwifo moqmedeben da

izRudebian am uflebaTa farglebSi. ker-

Zod, xalxis mier Tavisi nebis gamoxatuleba

an saxelmwifos mier xelisuflebis ganxor-

20

Cvenikonstitucia

cieleba ar unda xelyofdes adamianis sayo-

velTaod aRiarebul uflebebsa da Tavisuf-

lebebs, aramed piriqiT _ maqsimalurad unda

icavdes da ganamtkicebdes maT. xalxis an

xelisuflebis moqmedebebsa da adamianis

uflebebs Soris winaaRmdegobis SemTxve-

vaSi, upiratesoba swored am ukanasknels

eniWeba. es bunebrivicaa, vinaidan Tavad sa-

xelmwifos arsebobis upirvelesi mizani xom

adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dac-

vasa da maTi realizebis garantiebis SeqmnaSi

mdgomareobs.

muxli 8

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ena aris qarTuli,

xolo afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikaSi

agreTve _ afxazuri.

saxelmwifo Tavis funqciebs axorcielebs sa-

xelmwifo enaze, rac imas niSnavs, rom yvela

saxelmwifo organo muSaobisas da saqmis

warmoebisas iyenebs saxelmwifo enas, samar-

Tlebriv aqtebsa Tu sxva oficialur doku-

mentebs gamoscems saxelmwifo enaze, sajaro

samsaxurSi dasaqmebis msurvelebs avalde-

bulebs saxelmwifo enis codnas. aseTi sa-

xelmwifo ena saqarTveloSi aris qarTuli.

qarTuli enaa saxelmwifo ena afxazeTis

avtonomiur respublikaSic, Tumca iq masTan

erTad saxelmwifo ena aris afxazuric. aR-

niSnuli CanaweriT saqarTvelos konstitu-

cia uzrunvelyofs afxazeTis avtonomiur

21

respublikaSi mcxovrebi afxazebisTvis enis,

kulturisa da istoriuli tradiciebis Se-

narCunebisa da maTi Semdgomi ganviTarebis

SesaZleblobebs.

mu xli 9

1. saxelmwifo acxadebs rwmenisa da aRmsareb-

lobis srul Tavisuflebas, amasTan erTad,

aRiarebs saqarTvelos samociqulo avtoke-

faluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gansa-

kuTrebul rols saqarTvelos istoriaSi da

mis damoukideblobas saxelmwifosagan.

2. saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos

samociqulo avtokefaluri marTlmadidebe-

li eklesiis urTierToba ganisazRvreba kon-

stituciuri SeTanxmebiT. konstituciuri

SeTanxmeba srulad unda Seesabamebodes sa-


arebul principebsa da normebs, kerZod, ada-

mianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa

sferoSi.

rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis sruli Tavisufleba

adamians SesaZleblobas aZlevs damoukideb-

lad, mxolod Sinagani rwmenis safuZvelze

gadawyvitos sakuTari religiuri kuTvni-

lebis sakiTxi, an saerTod uaryos igi. faq-

tobrivad, miTiTebuli ufleba niSnavs pi-

rovnebis Tavisuflebas nebismieri ideolo-

giuri zewolisagan, ris garantsac Tavad sa-

xelmwifo warmoadgens.

22

Cvenikonstitucia

marTalia, saxelmwifo yvela religias Tanabar

pirobebSi ayenebs, magram amasTan, qarTuli

saxelmwifoebriobis, kulturis, tradici-

ebis, erovnuli TviTmyofadobisa da suli-

erebis ganviTarebaSi Setanili udidesi Rvaw-

lisaTvis, aRiarebs marTlmadidebeli ekle-

siis gansakuTrebul rols saqarTvelos is-

toriaSi da acxadebs eklesiis damoukideb-

lobas saxelmwifosagan, anu saxelmwifo ar

ereva eklesiis saqmianobaSi, rac dakavSire-

bulia eklesiis organizaciul mowyobasTan,

RvTismsaxurebis aRsrulebasTan da a.S. amas-

Tan, konstituciis mier deklarirebuli ek-

lesiis damoukideblobis uzrunvelsayofad

saxelmwifo iTvaliswinebs saxelmwifosa da

eklesias Soris konstituciuri SeTanxmebis

dadebis SesaZleblobas.* konstituciuri

SeTanxmeba srulad unda Seesabamebodes sa-


arebul principebsa da normebs.

mu xli 12

1. saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba moipoveba daba-

debiT da naturalizaciiT.

2. saqarTvelos moqalaqe imavdroulad ar Se-

iZleba iyos sxva saxelmwifos moqalaqe, gar-

da am punqtiT dadgenili gamonaklisi SemTx-

vevisa. saqarTvelos prezidentis mier sa-

* 2001 wlis 10 noembers gaformda

`konstituciuri SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos

avtokefalur samociqulo eklesiasa da

saxelmwifos Soris~

23

qarTvelos moqalaqeoba SeiZleba mieniWos

ucxo qveynis moqalaqes, romelsac saqarTve-

los winaSe aqvs gansakuTrebuli damsaxure-

ba an misTvis saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis mi-

niWeba gamomdinareobs saxelmwifo intere-

sebidan.

3. saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis mopovebisa da

dakargvis wesi ganisazRvreba organuli ka-

noniT.

moqalaqeoba aris piris politikur-samarTleb-

rivi kavSiri saqarTvelos saxelmwifosTan,

rac niSnavs imas, rom rogorc saxelmwifos,

aseve moqalaqes, erTmaneTis mimarT aqvT

garkveuli uflebebi da movaleobebi. maga-

liTad, saxelmwifos marTva-gamgeobaSi mo-

nawileobs mxolod am saxelmwifos moqalaqe,

mxolod moqalaqes aqvs ufleba airCios an

arCeul iqnas saxelmwifo organoSi. Tavis

mxriv saxelmwifo icavs Tavisi moqalaqis

uflebebs rogorc saxelmwifos SigniT, ase-

ve sxva saxelmwifoSi. garda amisa, moqalaqes

saxelmwifos mimarT gaaCnia iseTi valdebu-

lebebi, romlebic ar gaaCnia sxva saxelmwi-

fos moqalaqes.

moqalaqeobis mopoveba dabadebiT niSnavs imas,

rom pirs moqalaqeoba eniWeba misi dabadebis

momentidan. garda dabadebisa, saqarTvelos

moqalaqeoba SeiZleba mopovebul iqnas na-

turalizaciiT, rac niSnavs ucxo saxelmwi-

fos moqalaqis an moqalaqeobis armqone pi-

risaTvis moqalaqeobis miniWebas, Tu igi ak-

24

Cvenikonstitucia

mayofilebs kanoniT dadgenil garkveul

moTxovnebs. saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis mo-

povebisa da dakargvis wesebi, aseve moqala-

qeobasTan dakavSirebuli sxva sakiTxebi re-

gulirdeba `saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis Se-

saxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT.

saqarTvelos moqalaqe imavdroulad ar SeiZ-

leba iyos sxva saxelmwifos moqalaqe, Tumca

konstitucia uSvebs gamonaklis SemTxveveb-

sac. pirs, romelic ucxo qveynis moqalaqea,

magram miuxedavad misi moqalaqeobrivi kuT-

vnilebisa, didi Rvawli miuZRvis da raime

gansakuTrebuli damsaxureba gaaCnia saqar-

Tvelos winaSe, saqarTvelos prezidentma

SesaZlebelia mianiWos saqarTvelos moqala-

qeoba. aRniSnuli SesaZlebelia aseve im Sem-

TxvevaSic, Tu ucxo qveynis moqalaqisaTvis

saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis miniWeba saqar-

Tvelos saxelmwifos interess warmoadgens.

m u xl i 13

1. saqarTvelo mfarvelobs Tavis moqalaqes

ganurCevlad misi adgilsamyofelisa.

2. moqalaqeobis CamorTmeva dauSvebelia.

3. saqarTvelodan saqarTvelos moqalaqis ga-

Zeveba dauSvebelia.

4. saqarTvelos moqalaqis ucxo saxelmwifo-

saTvis gadacema dauSvebelia, garda saerTa-

Soriso xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli

SemTxvevebisa. gadawyvetileba moqalaqis ga-

dacemis Sesaxeb SeiZleba gasaCivrdes sasa-

marTloSi.

25

saqarTvelos moqalaqis uflebebisa da Tavi-

suflebebis dacvis garants warmoadgens sa-

qarTvelo, miuxedavad imisa, igi imyofeba

saqarTveloSi Tu sxva saxelmwifoSi. amas-

Tan, konstitucia dauSveblad acxadebs mo-

qalaqeobis CamorTmevas da saqarTvelodan

saqarTvelos moqalaqis gaZevebas. miuxeda-

vad imisa, Tu ramdenad asrulebs an ar asru-

lebs moqalaqe Tavis valdebulebebs saxel-

mwifos winaSe, konstitucia aseve dauSveb-

lad acxadebs saqarTvelos moqalaqis gada-

cemas ucxo saxelmwifosaTvis. gamonaklisis

saxiT, aRniSnuli SesaZlebelia mxolod sa-

erTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswine-

bul SemTxvevebSi, Tumca konstitucia aqve

aniWebs moqalaqes uflebas, sasamarTloSi

gaasaCivros gadawyvetileba misi ucxo qvey-

nisaTvis gadacemis Taobaze.

m u xl i 14

yvela adamiani dabadebiT Tavisufalia da ka-

nonis winaSe Tanasworia ganurCevlad rasisa,

kanis ferisa, enisa, sqesisa, religiisa, poli-

tikuri da sxva Sexedulebebisa, erovnuli,

eTnikuri da socialuri kuTvnilebisa, war-

moSobisa, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomare-

obisa, sacxovrebeli adgilisa.

yvela adamiani dabadebiT Tavisufalia. im uf-

lebebsa da Tavisuflebebs, rac konstitu-

ciiT aris dadgenili, adamiani iZens dabade-

bisTanave da aseve, adamianis dabadebisTa-

26

Cvenikonstitucia

nave warmoiSoba saxelmwifos mxriv valde-

buleba _ daicvas es uflebebi da Tavisuf-

lebebi. amasTan, kanonis winaSe yvela adami-

ani Tanasworia, rac imas niSnavs, rom ar Se-

iZleba adamians SeezRudos kanoniT dad-

genili uflebebi an sxva adamianTan mimarTe-

baSi mieniWos raime upiratesoba misTvis ka-

noniT miniWebuli uflebebis ganxorci-

elebisas, miuxedavad imisa, Tu romelrasob-

riv, religiur, erovnul, eTnikur jgufs

miekuTvneba igi, romel politikur Tu re-

ligiur Sexedulebebs iziarebs an rogori

qonebrivi mdgomareoba gaaCnia.

mu xli 15

1. sicocxle adamianis xelSeuvali uflebaa da

mas icavs kanoni.

2. sasjelis gansakuTrebuli RonisZieba _ sik-

vdiliT dasja, mis srul gauqmebamde, SeiZ-

leba gaTvaliswinebul iqnas organuli kano-

niT sicocxlis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli gansa-

kuTrebiT mZime danaSaulisaTvis. am sasje-

lis Sefardebis ufleba aqvs mxolod saqar-

Tvelos uzenaes sasamarTlos.

sicocxlis ufleba aris adamianis uzenaesi uf-

leba, igi xelSeuvali uflebaa da mas icavs

kanoni. arcerT adamians, rogori mZime qme-

debebic unda Caidinos man, ar SeiZleba waer-

Tvas sicocxle, TviT saxelmwifos mierac ki.

saqarTveloSi 1997 wlis 11 noembramde Se-

saZlebeli iyo sasjelis gansakuTrebuli

27

RonisZiebis _ sikvdiliT dasjis gamoyeneba

sicocxlis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli gasakuT-

rebiT mZime danaSaulisaTvis. magram miTi-

Tebuli TariRidan saqarTvelos parlamen-

tma gaauqma sikvdiliT dasja da sabolood

uari Tqva am saxis sasjelis dakanonebis Se-

saZleblobaze.

mu xli 16

yvelas aqvs sakuTari pirovnebis Tavisufali

ganviTarebis ufleba.

sakuTari pirovnebis Tavisufali ganviTarebis

ufleba niSnavs mis SeuzRudav uflebas pi-

radad gaakeTos misaRebi arCevani, sakuTa-

ri interesebisa da SesaZleblobebis gaTva-

liswinebiT, damoukideblad gansazRvros

Tavisi adgili, rogorc pirad urTierTo-

bebSi, aseve sazogadoebriv asparezze, gana-

viTaros Tavisi niWi da SesaZleblobebi da

sakuTari SexedulebebiT mimarTos igi sazo-

gadoebrivi cxovrebis ama Tu im sferoSi.

mu xli 17

1. adamianis pativi da Rirseba xelSeuvalia.

2. dauSvebelia adamianis wameba, arahumanuri,

sastiki an pativisa da Rirsebis Semlaxveli

mopyroba da sasjelis gamoyeneba.

adamianis Rirsebisa da pativis xelSeuvaloba

pirovnebis Tavisufali ganviTarebis umniS-

28

Cvenikonstitucia

vnelovanesi garantiaa. nebismier adamians,

miuxedavad misi cxovrebis wesisa, azrisa, Se-

xedulebebisa Tu moqmedebebisa, gaaCnia pa-

tivisa da Rirsebis xelSeuvalobis ufleba.

dauSvebelia adamianis mimarT damamcire-

beli da Seuracxmyofeli mopyroba, anu img-

vari qmedeba, romelic laxavs mis Tavmoyva-

reobas, saxels utexs mas da eWvqveS ayenebs

mis reputacias.

aravis ara aqvs ufleba, awamos piri (rac unda

mZime danaSauli hqondes Cadenili mas), mo-

epyros mas arahumanurad da sastikad. mis

winaaRmdeg mimarTos iseT qmedebebs an gamo-

iyenos iseTi sasjeli, romelic laxavs ada-

mianis Rirsebasa da pativs. sasjelis mizani

ar aris adamianisaTvis fizikuri da sulieri

tkivilis miyeneba, aramed igi miznad isaxavs

damnaSavis gamosworebasa da axali danaSa-

ulis Tavidan acilebas.

mu xli 18

1. adamianis Tavisufleba xelSeuvalia.

2. Tavisuflebis aRkveTa an piradi Tavisuf-

lebis sxvagvari SezRudva dauSvebelia sasa-

marTlos gadawyvetilebis gareSe.

3. adamianis dakaveba dasaSvebia kanoniT gan-

sazRvrul SemTxvevebSi sagangebod ufleba-

mosili piris mier. dakavebuli Tu sxvagva-

rad TavisuflebaSezRuduli piri unda wa-

redginos sasamarTlos gansjadobis mixed-

viT ara ugvianes 48 saaTisa. Tu momdevno 24

saaTis ganmavlobaSi sasamarTlo ar miiRebs

29

gadawyvetilebas dapatimrebis an Tavisuf-

lebis sxvagvari SezRudvis Sesaxeb, piri da-

uyovnebliv unda gaTavisufldes.

4. dauSvebelia dakavebuli Tu sxvagvarad Ta-

visuflebaSezRuduli piris fizikuri an

fsiqikuri iZuleba.

5. dakavebul an dapatimrebul pirs dakavebis

an dapatimrebisTanave unda ganemartos misi

uflebebi da Tavisuflebis SezRudvis sa-

fuZveli. mas dakavebis an dapatimrebisTa-

nave SeuZlia moiTxovos damcvelis daxmare-

ba, rac unda dakmayofildes.

6. danaSaulis CadenaSi eWvmitanilis dakavebis

vada ar unda aRematebodes 72 saaTs, xolo

braldebulis winaswari patimroba _ 9 Tves.*

7. am muxlis moTxovnaTa darRveva isjeba kano-

niT. ukanonod dakavebul an dapatimrebul

pirs aqvs kompensaciis miRebis ufleba.

adamianis Tavisuflebis xelSeuvaloba _ upir-

velesad niSnavs imas, rom aravis ar SeiZleba

SeezRudos an aRekveTos Tavisufleba (mag:

iqnas dakavebuli an dapatimrebuli) Tu amis

Sesaxeb ar arsebobs sasamarTlos gadawyve-

tileba, romelic gamotanil unda iqnas mxo-

lod danaSaulis gamovlenis, misi aRkveTis

anda damnaSavis dasjis mizniT. swored aR-

* saqarTvelos parlamentma miiRo cvlileba

`saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso

kodeqsSi~, romlis Tanaxmad, 2006 wlis

1 ianvridan danaSaulis CadenaSi eWvmitanilis

dakavebis vada ar unda aRematebodes 48 saaTs,

xolo braldebulis winaswari patimroba _

4 Tves.

30

Cvenikonstitucia

niSnuli uflebis uzrunvelsayofad, kons-

titucia maqsimalurad zRudavs sasamarT-

los mier gadawyvetilebis gamotanamde sa-

marTaldamcavi organoebis mier piris daka-

vebis (Tavisuflebis SezRudvis) vadas, ro-

melic saerTo jamSi gansazRvrulia 72 sa-

aTiT. aqedan 48-saaTiani vada dadgenilia

imisaTvis, raTa dakavebuli piri wardgenil

iqnas sasamarTloSi, xolo momdevno 24 sa-

aTSi sasamarTlom unda Seamowmos misi daka-

vebis kanoniereba da gadawyvitos misi gaTa-

visuflebis an Semdgomi dapatimrebis sa-

kiTxi. Tu am vadaSi sasamarTlos mier ar iqna

miRebuli gadawyvetileba, dakavebuli piri

dauyovnebliv unda gaTavisufldes. bral-

debulis, anu im piris, visac ukve wayenebuli

aqvs brali da aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT

Sefardebuli aqvs winaswari patimroba, pa-

timrobis vada ar unda aRematebodes 9 Tves.

amasTan, konstitucia icavs dakavebul an da-

patimrebul pirs raime saxis zewolisagan,

masze fizikuri an fsiqikuri iZulebis gamo-

yenebisagan.

TavisuflebaSezRudul pirs konstitucia misi

dakavebis momentidan aniWebs dacvis ufle-

bas. damcvelis ayvanis moTxovna dauyovneb-

liv unda dakmayofildes samarTaldamcavi

organoebis mier. garda amisa, dakavebul an

dapatimrebul pirs dauyovnebliv unda gane-

martos is mizezebi, rac gaxda misi dakavebis

an dapatimrebis safuZveli da agreTve is

uflebebi, romlebic mas gaaCnia.

31

konstituciis zemoT aRniSnuli moTxovnebis

darRvevis SemTxvevaSi kanoniT gaTvaliswi-

nebulia sasjelis gamoyeneba damrRvevis mi-

marT, xolo samarTaldamcavi organoebis mi-

er am moTxovnebis daucvelad ganxorciele-

buli moqmedebebi miCneul iqneba ukanonod.

ukanonod dakavebul an dapatimrebul pirs,

moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi, aqvs kompensaciis mi-

Rebis ufleba.

piris mimarT Tavisuflebis aRkveTis an sxvag-

varad SezRudvis safuZvlebsa da misi gamo-

yenebis wesebs adgens saqarTvelos sisxlis

samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi.

muxli 19

1. yovel adamians aqvs sityvis, azris, sindisis,

aRmsareblobisa da rwmenis Tavisufleba.

2. dauSvebelia adamianis devna sityvis, azris,

aRmsareblobis an rwmenis gamo, agreTve misi

iZuleba, gamoTqvas Tavisi Sexeduleba maT

Sesaxeb.

3. dauSvebelia am muxlSi CamoTvlilTavisuf-

lebaTa SezRudva, Tu maTi gamovlineba ar

laxavs sxvaTa uflebebs.

konstituciiT ganmtkicebulia sityvis, azris,

sindisis, aRmsareblobisa da rwmenis Tavi-

sufleba. yvela adamians aqvs ufleba iqoni-

os sakuTari azri nebismier sakiTxze da Ta-

visuflad gamoTqvas igi. rwmenisa da aRmsa-

reblobis sruli Tavisufleba niSnavs ada-

32

Cvenikonstitucia

mianis uflebas, individualurad an sxveb-

Tan erTad aRiaros nebismieri religia an sa-

erTod uaryos igi, Tavisuflad SearCios,

miiRos an gaavrcelos nebismieri religiuri

Sexedulebebi da sulieri faseulobebi, iqo-

nios da Tavisuflad gamoTqvas Tavisi azri

ama Tu im sakiTxze. am saxiT garantirebuli

uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi moqalaqes Se-

saZleblobas aZlevs damoukideblad, mxo-

lod Sinagani rwmenis safuZvelze gadawyvi-

tos sakuTari religiuri kuTvnilebis sa-

kiTxi da airCios mis msoflmxedvelobasTan

yvelaze axlos mdgomi religiuri an filo-

sofiuri mimdinareoba, maT Soris iseTic,

romelic ar miekuTvneba tradiciulad miC-

neul mimdinareobebs.

saxelmwifos funqciaa pirovnebis Tavisufali

nebis realizaciisaTvis saTanado garemos

Seqmna da misi dacva iseTi zemoqmedebisagan,

romelmac SeiZleba am uflebebis darRveva

gamoiwvios. Tumca aRniSnuli uflebebis re-

alizaciam ar unda xelyos sxva pirTa kano-

nieri uflebebi.

muxli 20

1. yoveli adamianis piradi cxovreba, piradi

saqmianobis adgili, piradi Canaweri, mimowe-

ra, saubari satelefono da sxva saxis teqni-

kuri saSualebiT, agreTve teqnikuri saSu-

alebebiT miRebuli Setyobinebani xelSeuxe-

belia. aRniSnuli uflebebis SezRudva da-

33

iSveba sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT an mis

gareSec, kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli gada-

udebeli aucileblobisas.

2. aravis ara aqvs ufleba Sevides sacxovrebel

binaSi da sxva mflobelobaSi mflobel pir-

Ta nebis sawinaaRmdegod, agreTve Caataros

Cxreka, Tu ar aris sasamarTlos gadawyve-

tileba an kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli gada-

udebeli aucilebloba.

piradi cxovrebis xelSeuvaloba moqalaqis

erT-erTi fundamenturi piradi uflebaa da

moicavs uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa mTel

kompleqss. igi gulisxmobs pirad da ojaxur

cxovrebasTan dakavSirebuli saidumloebe-

bis kanonis safuZvelze dacvas. aRniSnul

uflebebSi Sedis mimoweris, yvela saxis sa-

fosto-satelegrafo gzavnilebisa da sxva

kavSirebis (satelefono) saidumloeba. ara-

vis aqvs ufleba gaxsnas, gaecnos an sajarod

gamoaqveynos korespondenciebis Sinaarsi.

mimoweris saidumloebis SezRudva SesaZle-

belia sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT an im

SemTxvevaSi, Tu es aucilebelia danaSaul-

Tan brZolisaTvis, sazogadoebrivi werigisa

da saxelmwifo uSiSroebis dacvisaTvis.

binis xelSeuxebloba niSnavs imas, rom aravis

aqvs ufleba, Sevides sxvis sacxovrebel bi-

naSi misi mflobelis Tanxmobis gareSe. binis

Cxreka SeiZleba Catardes mxolod sasamar-

Tlo gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze an kano-

niT gaTvaliswinebul sxva SemTxvevebSi.

34

Cvenikonstitucia

aRniSnul uflebaTa SezRudvis safuZvlebi da

misi ganxorcielebis wesebi dadgenilia sa-

qarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso

kodeqsiTa da òperatiul-samZebro saqmi-

anobis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT.

mu xli 21

1. sakuTreba da memkvidreobis ufleba aRiare-

buli da uzrunvelyofilia. dauSvebelia sa-

kuTrebis, misi SeZenis, gasxvisebis an memk-

vidreobiT miRebis sayovelTao uflebis ga-

uqmeba.

2. aucilebeli sazogadoebrivi saWiroebisaT-

vis dasaSvebia pirvel punqtSi aRniSnul uf-

lebaTa SezRudva kanoniT gansazRvrul Sem-

TxvevebSi da dadgenili wesiT.

3. aucilebeli sazogadoebrivi saWiroebisaT-

vis sakuTrebis CamorTmeva dasaSvebia kano-

niT pirdapir dadgenil SemTxvevebSi, sasa-

marTlos gadawyvetilebiT an organuli ka-

noniT dadgenili gadaudebeli aucileblo-

bisas da mxolod saTanado anazRaurebiT.

sakuTrebis ufleba niSnavs mesakuTris ufle-

bas Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr flobdes, sar-

geblobdes da gankargavdes Tavis uZrav da

moZrav qonebas. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-

biT, moqalaqis sakuTrebaSi SeiZleba iyos

sacxovrebeli saxlebi, binebi, agarakebi, sa-

ojaxo meurneobisa da piradi moxmarebis

sagnebi, fuladi saxsrebi, aqciebi, sxva fa-

siani qaRaldebi, masobrivi informaciis sa-

35

Sualebebi, sawarmoebi, Senobebi, mowyobi-

lobebi, satransporto saSualebebi, miwa da

sxva qoneba. moqalaqeTa mier kanonis Sesaba-

misad SeZenili qonebis odenoba da Rirebu-

leba ar aris SezRuduli. memkvidreobis uf-

leba ki niSnavs, rom pirma sakuTrebaSi mi-

iRos sxva mesakuTris qoneba misi gardacva-

lebis Semdeg rogorc naTesauri kavSiris,

aseve anderZis safuZvelze.

sakuTrebisa da memkvidreobis ufleba aRiare-

buli da uzrunvelyofilia, Tumca kons-

tituciiT gaTvaliswinebulia aseve gamonak-

lisi SemTxvevebic, rodesac aucilebeli sa-

zogadoebrivi saWiroebisaTvis SesaZlebeli

xdeba sakuTrebis CamorTmeva. `sazogadoeb-

rivi saWiroebisaTvis gadaudebeli auci-

leblobisas sakuTrebis CamorTmevis wesis

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT, ga-

daudebel aucileblobas ganekuTvneba viTa-

reba, romlis drosac ekologiuri katast-

rofis, stiqiuri ubedurebis, epidemiis, epi-

zootiis gamo safrTxe eqmneba adamianTa si-

cocxlesa da janmrTelobas, saxelmwifo an

sazogadoebriv uSiSroebas, xolo àucile-

beli sazogadoebrivi saWiroebisaTvis sa-

kuTrebis CamorTmevis wesis Sesaxeb~ saqarT-

velos kanoni iTvaliswinebs sakuTrebis Ca-

morTmevas iseT SemTxvevebSi, rogorebicaa

gzisa da magistralis gayvana-mSenebloba,

rkinigzis xazebis gayvana, navTobis, buneb-

rivi gazisa da navTobproduqtebis milsade-

nebis gayvana, eleqtroenergiis gadamcemi da

36

Cvenikonstitucia

gamanawilebeli xazebis mSenebloba, wyalmo-

maragebis, kanalizaciisa da atmosferuli

naleqebis koleqtoruli xazebis gayvana, sa-

telefono xazebis gayvana, satelevizio ka-

belebis gayvana, sazogadoebrivi saWiroebi-

saTvis aucilebeli nagebobisa da obieqtis

mSenebloba, erovnuli TavdacvisaTvis saWi-

ro samuSaoebis Catareba, Tumca, yvela Sem-

TxvevaSi sakuTrebis CamorTmeva unda mox-

des mxolod saTanado anazRaurebiT.

mu xli 22

1. yvelas, vinc kanonierad imyofeba saqarTve-

loSi, aqvs qveynis mTel teritoriaze Tavi-

sufali mimosvlisa da sacxovrebeli adgi-

lis Tavisufali arCevis ufleba.

2. yvelas, vinc kanonierad imyofeba saqarTve-

loSi, SeuZlia Tavisuflad gavides saqarT-

velodan. saqarTvelos moqalaqes SeuZlia

Tavisuflad Semovides saqarTveloSi.

3. am uflebaTa SezRudva SeiZleba mxolod

kanonis Sesabamisad, demokratiuli sazoga-

doebis arsebobisaTvis aucilebeli saxelm-

wifo uSiSroebis an sazogadoebrivi usafr-

Txoebis uzrunvelyofis, janmrTelobis

dacvis, danaSaulis Tavidan acilebis an mar-

Tlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis mizniT.

yvela pirs, vinc kanonierad imyofeba saqarTve-

loSi, SeuZlia daubrkoleblad imoZraos,

SearCios droebiTi an mudmivi adgilsamyo-

feli, icxovros qveynis teritoriis nebis-

37

mier adgilas, aseve Tavisuflad gavides

saxelmwifodan da dabrundes ukan, kanonis

moTxovnebis dacviT. Tumca demokratiuli

sazogadoebisaTvis aucilebeli saxelmwifo

uSiSroebis an sazogadoebrivi usafrTxo-

ebis uzrunvelyofis, janmrTelobis dacvis,

danaSaulis Tavidan acilebis an marTlmsa-

julebis ganxorcielebis mizniT SesaZlebe-

lia am uflebaTa SezRudva kanonis Sesabami-

sad. saqarTvelos moqalaqeebis saqarTvelo-

dan gasvlisa da saqarTveloSi Semosvlis we-

sebs adgens saqarTvelos kanoni `saqarTve-

los moqalaqeebis saqarTvelodan droebiTi

gasvlis da saqarTveloSi Semosvlis wesebis

Sesaxeb~.

muxli 23

1. inteleqtualuri Semoqmedebis Tavisufle-

ba uzrunvelyofilia. inteleqtualuri sa-

kuTrebis ufleba xelSeuvalia.

2. SemoqmedebiT procesSi Careva, Semoqmedebi-

Ti saqmianobis sferoSi cenzura dauSvebe-

lia.

3. SemoqmedebiTi nawarmoebis dayadaReba da

gavrcelebis akrZalva dauSvebelia, Tu misi

gavrceleba ar laxavs sxva adamianis kanoni-

er uflebebs.

inteleqtualuri Semoqmedebis Tavisufleba

gulisxmobs SemoqmedebiT procesSi Caurev-

lobas da cenzuris dauSveblobas. adamians

ufleba aqvs Tavisi Sexedulebisa da SesaZ-

38

Cvenikonstitucia

leblobebis Sesabamisad Seqmnas Semoqmede-

biTi nawarmoebi, xolo saxelmwifos ufleba

ara aqvs Caerios SemoqmedebiT procesSi, da-

ayadaRos, akrZalos SemoqmedebiTi nawarmo-

ebis gavrceleba an amgvari nawarmoebis Seq-

mnisaTvis dasajos adamiani, Tumca, amave

dros konstitucia SesaZleblad miiCnevs Se-

moqmedebiTi nawarmoebis dayadaRebas da

gavrcelebis akrZalvas, Tu misi gavrceleba

laxavs sxva adamianebis kanonier uflebebs.

konstituciiT gaTvaliswinebulia agreTve

iseTi uflebebic, rogoricaa xelovnebis

Tavisufleba, kulturul cxovrebaSi Tavi-

sufali monawileobisa da kulturuli fase-

ulobebiT sargeblobis ufleba.

muxli 24

1. yovel adamians aqvs ufleba Tavisuflad

miiRos da gaavrcelos informacia, gamoTq-

vas da gaavrcelos Tavisi azri zepirad, we-

rilobiT an sxvagvari saSualebiT.

2. masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi Tavisu-

falia. cenzura dauSvebelia.

3. saxelmwifos an calkeul pirebs ara aqvT ma-

sobrivi informaciis an misi gavrcelebis sa-

SualebaTa monopolizaciis ufleba.

4. am muxlis pirvel da meore punqtebSi CamoT-

vlil uflebaTa ganxorcieleba SesaZlebe-

lia kanoniT SeizRudos iseTi pirobebiT,

romlebic aucilebelia demokratiul sazo-

gadoebaSi saxelmwifo uSiSroebis, terito-

rialuri mTlianobis an sazogadoebrivi

usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad, danaSa-

39

ulis Tavidan asacileblad, sxvaTa uflebe-

bisa da Rirsebis dasacavad, konfidencialu-

rad aRiarebuli informaciis gamJRavnebis

Tavidan asacileblad an sasamarTlos damo-

ukideblobisa da miukerZoeblobis uzrun-

velsayofad.

informaciis Tavisufleba moicavs sityvis, beW-

dvis da sxva masobrivi informaciis saSu-

alebebis (presa, televizia, radio) Tavisuf-

lebas, informaciis miRebis uflebas, ro-

melsac gaaCnia sazogadoebrivi mniSvneloba

da informaciis gavrcelebis Tavisuflebas,

nebismieri kanonieri saSualebebiT.

sityvis Tavisufleba warmoadgens moqalaqis

SesaZleblobas _ sajarod (werilobiT, zepi-

rad, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis

gamoyenebiT) gamoxatos Tavisi azri. infor-

maciis Tavisuflebis mniSvnelovan garanti-

as warmoadgens masobrivi informaciis saSu-

alebebis Tavisufleba da maTze cenzuris

akrZalva, adamianis devnis dauSvebloba sit-

yvis, azris Tavisuflad gamoTqmis gamo. kon-

stitucia rogorc calkeul pirebs, aseve

TviT saxelmwifosac ki, arTmevs masobrivi

informaciis an misi gavrcelebis saSuale-

baTa monopolizaciis, anu erTi piris xelSi

Tavmoyris uflebas. amasTan, konstitucia

iTvaliswinebs informaciis gavrcelebis

SezRudvas iseT SemTxvevaSi, rodesac es

aucilebelia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi

saxelmwifo uSiSroebis, teritoriuli

40

Cvenikonstitucia

mTlianobis an sazogadoebrivi usafrTxo-

ebis uzrunvelsayofad, danaSaulis Tavidan

asacileblad, sxvaTa uflebebisa da Rir-

sebis dasacavad, konfidencialurad aRiare-

buli informaciis gamJRavnebis Tavidan asa-

cileblad an sasamarTlos damoukideblo-

bisa da miukerZoeblobis uzrunvelsayofad.

am sakiTxebis detaluri reglamentacia mo-

cemulia `sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuf-

lebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi.

muxli 25

1. yvelas, garda im pirebisa, romlebic arian

samxedro Zalebis, policiisa da uSiSroebis

samsaxuris SemadgenlobaSi, ufleba aqvs wi-

naswari nebarTvis gareSe Seikribos sajarod

da uiaraRod rogorc WerqveS, ise gareT.

2. kanoniT SeiZleba dawesdes xelisuflebis

winaswari gafrTxilebis aucilebloba, Tu

Sekreba an manifestacia xalxisa da trans-

portis samoZrao adgilas imarTeba.

3. xelisuflebas SeuZlia Sekrebis an manifes-

taciis Sewyveta mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu

man kanonsawinaaRmdego xasiaTi miiRo.

moqalaqeebs SeuZliaT Tavisuflad, yovelgva-

ri nebarTvis gareSe, uiaraRod Seikribon

rogorc daxurul SenobaSi, WerqveS, ise ga-

reT _ Ria cis qveS demonstraciebis, msvle-

lobebis, mitingebis, piketebis Catarebisa da

sxva nebismieri gamosvlebis ganxorcielebis

mizniT. xelisuflebis winaswar gafrTxile-

ba aucilebelia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu

41

Sekreba an manifestacia xalxisa da trans-

portis samoZrao adgilas imarTeba. amasTan,

Tu Sekrebebs da manifestaciebs aqvs kanon-

sawinaaRmdego xasiaTi, magaliTad, Seiara-

Rebuli, aramSvidobiani xasiaTi, aseT SemTx-

vevaSi xelisuflebas SeuZlia maTi Sewyveta.

am uflebiT sargebloba SezRuduli aqvT pi-

rebs, romlebic imyofebian samxedro Zale-

bis, policiisa da uSiSroebis samsaxurebis

SemadgenlobaSi. am uflebis SezRudva gan-

pirobebulia am kategoriis pirTa samsaxu-

ris specifikurobidan. Sekrebisa da mani-

festaciebis Catarebis wesebs adgens `Sekre-

bebisa da manifestaciebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTve-

los kanoni.

mu xli 26

1. yvelas aqvs sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebebis,

maT Soris profesiuli kavSirebis Seqmnisa

da maTSi gaerTianebis ufleba.

2. saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT or-

ganuli kanonis Sesabamisad Seqmnan politi-

kuri partia, sxva gaerTianeba da monawile-

oba miiRon mis saqmianobaSi.

3. dauSvebelia iseTi sazogadoebrivi da poli-

tikuri gaerTianebis Seqmna da saqmianoba,

romlis mizania saqarTvelos konstituci-

uri wyobilebis damxoba an ZaladobiT Secv-

la, qveynis damoukideblobis xelyofa, te-

ritoriuli mTlianobis darRveva, an rome-

lic eweva omis an Zaladobis propagandas,

42

Cvenikonstitucia

aRvivebs erovnul, kuTxur, religiur an so-

cialur SuRls.

4. dauSvebelia sazogadoebriv da politikur

gaerTianebaTa mier SeiaraRebuli formire-

bebis Seqmna.

5. piri, romelic Cairicxeba samxedro Zalebis,

saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an Sinagan saqmeTa

organoebis pirad SemadgenlobaSi, gamwesde-

ba mosamarTled an prokurorad, wyvets po-

litikuri gaerTianebis wevrobas.

6. sazogadoebriv da politikur gaerTianeba-

Ta saqmianobis SeCereba an maTi akrZalva Se-

iZleba mxolod sasamarTlos gadawyvetile-

biT, organuli kanoniT gansazRvrul SemTx-

vevebSi da dadgenili wesiT.

gaerTianebis ufleba gulisxmobs moqalaqeebi-

saTvis saerTo politikuri an ideuri Sexe-

dulebebis safuZvelze an garkveuli profe-

siuli niSniT, kanonis farglebSi, nebismieri

sazogadoebrivi gaerTianebis, profesiuli

kavSirisa da politikuri partiis Seqmnis

uflebas. amasTan, saqarTvelos konstitu-

ciiT ikrZaleba moqalaqeTa iseTi sazogado-

ebrivi da politikuri gaerTianebis Seqmna

da saqmianoba, romelic miznad isaxavs sa-

qarTvelos konstituciuri wyobilebis dam-

xobas an ZaladobiT Secvlas, qveynis damo-

ukideblobis xelyofas, teritoriuli mTli-

anobis darRvevas, an romelic eweva omis an

Zaladobis propagandas, aRvivebs erovnul,

kuTxur, religiur an socialur SuRls. kon-

stitucia aseve krZalavs sazogadoebriv da

43

politikur gaerTianebaTa mier SeiaraRebu-

li formirebebis Seqmnas, radgan SeiaraRe-

buli formirebebis Seqmna mxolod saxel-

mwifos uflebas warmoadgens da igi emsaxu-

reba mxolod saxelmwifos Tavdacvis, sazo-

gadoebrivi wesrigis dacvisa da damnaSave-

obasTan brZolis interesebs.

gaerTianebis ufleba gulisxmobs yvela gaer-

Tianebis Tanasworobisa da Tavisufali saq-

mianobis princips. sazogadoebrivi da poli-

tikuri gaerTianebis saqmianobis SeCereba an

akrZalva SesaZlebelia mxolod sasamarT-

los gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze, kanoniT

gansazRvrul SemTxvevaSi. marTalia, gaer-

Tianebis ufleba gaaCnia yvela moqalaqes,

magram konstitucia iTvaliswinebs aseve Sez-

Rudvebs moqalaqeTa garkveuli kategoriis

mimarT. kerZod, politikuri gaerTianebis

wevroba Seuwydeba pirs, romelic Cairicxeba

samxedro Zalebis, saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an

Sinagan saqmeTa organoebis pirad Semadgen-

lobaSi, an Tu gamwesdeba mosamarTled an

prokurorad.

sazogadoebrivi da politikuri gaerTianebebis

Seqmnisa da saqmianobis wesebi gansazRvru-

lia `moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebe-

bis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT, `sazoga-

doebriv gaerTianebaTa saqmianobis SeCere-

bisa da akrZalvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos or-

ganuli kanoniT, `profesiuli kavSirebis

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniTa da saqarTve-

los samoqalaqo kodeqsiT.

44

Cvenikonstitucia

mu xli 28

1. saqarTvelos yovel moqalaqes 18 wlis asa-

kidan aqvs referendumSi, saxelmwifo da

TviTmmarTvelobisorganoebis arCevnebSi mo-

nawileobis ufleba. uzrunvelyofilia amom-

rCevelTa nebis Tavisufali gamovlineba.

2. arCevnebsa da referendumSi monawileobis

ufleba ara aqvs moqalaqes, romelic sasa-

marTlom qmeduunarod cno an sasamarTlos

ganaCeniT imyofeba sasjelis aRsrulebis

dawesebulebaSi.

arCevnebi da referendumi is demokratiuli

meqanizmebia, romelTa saSualebiTac xalxi

axorcielebs Tavis xelisuflebas. arCevne-

bis gziT moqalaqeebi irCeven saxelmwifos

umaRles da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-

bis organoebs, xolo referendumis, anu sa-

yovelTao-saxalxo kenWisyris saSualebiT

moqalaqeebi gamoxataven TavianT nebas ama

Tu im saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis sakiT-

xebTan dakavSirebiT da amgvari nebis gamoxa-

tulebas Sesasruleblad savaldebulo Zala

gaaCnia.

saqarTvelos konstituciiT, saqarTvelos mo-

qalaqes 18 wlis asakidan miniWebuli aqvs

aqtiuri saarCevno ufleba, rac niSnavs mo-

qalaqeTa uflebas _ airCion warmomadgenle-

bi saxelmwifo da TviTmmarTvelobis orga-

noebSi. aseve uflebas, miiRon monawileoba

sayovelTao-saxalxo kenWisyraSi, anu refe-

45

rendumSi. aqtiuri saarCevno ufleba SezRu-

duli aqvT moqalaqeebs, romlebic sasamar-

Tlom cno qmeduunarod da moqalaqeebs,

romlebic sasamarTlos ganaCeniT imyofe-

bian sasjelis aRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi.

saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs amomrCevelTa nebis

Tavisufal gamovlinebas, rac gulisxmobs

amomrCevlis nebis dacvas daSinebis, muqaris

da sxva nebismieri saxis zewolisagan. saxel-

mwifo warmoadgens imis garantias, rom moqa-

laqeebma arCevnebsa da referendumSi xma

miscen mxolodTavianTi Sexedulebisa da Si-

nagani rwmenis safuZvelze. arCevnebsa da re-

ferendumTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi re-

gulirdeba saqarTvelos organuli kanoniT

_ `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsiT~ da `re-

ferendumis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos organu-

li kanoniT.

muxli 29

1. saqarTvelos yovel moqalaqes ufleba aqvs

daikavos nebismieri saxelmwifo Tanamdebo-

ba, Tu igi akmayofilebs kanonmdeblobiT

dadgenil moTxovnebs.

2. saxelmwifo samsaxuris pirobebi ganisazRv-

reba kanoniT.

saqarTvelos konstitucia moqalaqes aniWebs

Tanabar uflebas, daikavos nebismieri sa-

xelmwifo Tanamdeboba, Tu igi akmayofilebs

kanoniT dadgenil moTxovnebs. ama Tu im sa-

46

Cvenikonstitucia

xelmwifo Tanamdebobis dasakaveblad kano-

niT dadgenilia garkveuli moTxovnebi, ro-

melsac unda akmayofilebdes moqalaqe, raTa

daikavos miTiTebuli Tanamdeboba da yvela

im moqalaqes, romelic akmayofilebs aRniS-

nul moTxovnebs, gaaCniaT Tanabari ufleba

am Tanamdebobis dasakaveblad. kanoniT dad-

genil ZiriTad moTxovnebs ama Tu im Tanam-

debobis dasakaveblad warmoadgens gansazR-

vruli asaki, saxelmwifo enis codna, Sesa-

bamisi ganaTleba, rac dakavSirebulia am Ta-

namdebobis specifikasTan, garkveuli sta-

Jisa da gamocdilebis floba da a. S. dauSve-

belia moqalaqisaTvis saxelmwifo an adgi-

lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebSi

Tanamdebobis dakavebis uflebis SezRudva

raime iseTi safuZvliT, romelic kanoniT ar

aris gaTvaliswinebuli. saxelmwifo an adgi-

lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebSi

saqmianobis sakiTxebi regulirdeba `sajaro

samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT.

mu xli 30

1. Sroma Tavisufalia.

2. saxelmwifo valdebulia xeli Seuwyos Ta-

visufali mewarmeobisa da konkurenciis gan-

viTarebas. akrZalulia monopoliuri saqmi-

anoba, garda kanoniT daSvebuli SemTxveve-

bisa. momxmarebelTa uflebebi daculia ka-

noniT.

3. SromiTi urTierTobis momwesrigebel saer-

TaSoriso SeTanxmebaTa safuZvelze saxelm-

47

wifo icavs saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa SromiT

uflebebs sazRvargareT.

4. SromiTi uflebebis dacva, Sromis samarT-

liani anazRaureba da usafrTxo, jansaRi

pirobebi, arasrulwlovanisa da qalis Sro-

mis pirobebi ganisazRvreba kanoniT.

Sromis Tavisufleba gulisxmobs moqalaqis mi-

er sakuTari SromiTi SesaZleblobebis Tavi-

sufal gamoyenebas, saqmianobis saxisa da

profesiis Tavisuflad SerCevas, aseve iZu-

lebiTi muSaobis akrZalvas. mxolod moqa-

laqes gaaCnia ufleba Tavad gadawyvitos _

Caebas Tu ara SromiT saqmianobaSi, romeli

profesia da saqmianobis sfero airCios. ara-

vis ar aqvs ufleba aukrZalos an sxvagvarad

SeuzRudos moqalaqes es ufleba an iZule-

biT Caabas igi SromiT saqmianobaSi. TviT

msjavrdebulic ki, romelic danaSaulisaT-

vis sasjels ixdis sasjelaRsrulebis dawe-

sebulebaSi, sargeblobs Sromis Tavisuf-

lebiT. amasTan, saxelmwifo valdebulebas

kisrulobs _ uzrunvelyos moqalaqeTaTvis

Sromis usafrTxo da jansaRi pirobebi, Sro-

mis samarTliani anazRaureba. saxelmwifo-

saTvis gansakuTrebuli zrunvis sagans war-

moadgens arasrulwlovanisa da qalis Sroma,

romelTaTvisac kanoni adgens Sromis gansa-

kuTrebul pirobebs. saxelmwifo aseve iRebs

valdebulebas, rom moqalaqis SromiTi uf-

lebebi daicvas ara mxolod saqarTveloSi,

aramed sazRvargareTac, rac xorcieldeba

SromiTi urTierTobebis momwesrigebel sa-

48

Cvenikonstitucia

erTaSoriso SeTanxmebaTa safuZvelze. Sro-

miT urTierTobebTan dakavSirebul sakiT-

xebs aregulirebs saqarTvelos Sromis ka-

nonTa kodeqsi.

konstituciam Sromis Tavisuflebisa da sabaz-

ro ekonomikis ganmtkicebis mizniT aRiara

Tavisufali mewarmeoba, konkurenciis ganvi-

Tareba da monopoliuri saqmianobis akrZal-

va. mewarmeobis Tavisufleba gulisxmobs mo-

qalaqis uflebas, Tavisuflad gamoiyenos

sakuTari SesaZleblobebi da qoneba samewar-

meo saqmianobisaTvis. amasTan, igi gulisx-

mobs sawarmoebis Seqmnis uflebas, warmoebis

saSualebebis flobisa da gankargvis, miRe-

buli mogebis damoukideblad gankargvis

uflebas. am uflebis ganmtkicebiT Tavad

saxelmwifoc aris dainteresebuli, vinaidan

saxelmwifos ekonomikuri siZliere swored

Tavisufali mewarmeobis ganviTarebazea da-

mokidebuli, amitom saxelmwifo xels uw-

yobs konkurentuli garemos Seqmnas da, gan-

sakuTrebuli gamonaklisebis garda, krZa-

lavs ama Tu im saqmianobis monopolizacias.

mewarmeobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi re-

gulirdeba `mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~, `monopoli-

uri saqmianobisa da konkurenciis Sesaxeb~,

`momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb~

saqarTvelos kanonebiT, saqarTvelos samo-

qalaqo kodeqsiTa da sxva normatiuli aqte-

biT.

49

muxli 32

saxelmwifo xels uwyobs umuSevrad darCenil

saqarTvelos moqalaqes dasaqmebaSi. saarse-

bo minimumiT uzrunvelyofis pirobebi da

umuSevris statusi ganisazRvreba kanoniT.

Sromis Tavisufleba pirovnebas aniWebs SesaZ-

leblobas Tavad gadawyvitos sakuTari Sro-

mis sakiTxi, magram, rogorc wesi, Sroma ada-

mianis cxovrebisa da misi arsebobis aucile-

beli faqtoria. Sromis saSualebiT iRebs

adamiani gasamrjelos da ikmayofilebs Ta-

vis moTxovnilebebs. amitom saxelmwifo ara

mxolod icavs moqalaqis SromiT uflebebs,

aramed aseve kisrulobs valdebulebas, raTa

xeli Seuwyos da daexmaros mas dasaqmebaSi,

xolo umuSevrad darCenil moqalaqes ki uz-

runvelyofs saarsebo minimumiT.

konstituciiT ganmtkicebulia saxelmwifos

movaleoba, izrunos Sesabamisi pirobebis Se-

saqmnelad, raTa yvela msurveli uzrunvel-

yos samuSao adgiliT. am sakiTxebs areguli-

rebs `dasaqmebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kano-

ni.

muxli 33

gaficvis ufleba aRiarebulia. am uflebis gan-

xorcielebis wesi ganisazRvreba kanoniT.

kanoni adgens agreTve sasicocxlod mniSvne-

lovani samsaxurebis saqmianobis garantiebs.

50

Cvenikonstitucia

gaficvis ufleba erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi

garantiaa moqalaqeTa SromiTi, socialuri,

ekonomikuri da sxva saxis uflebebis dasa-

cavad. igi gulisxmobs muSa-mosamsaxureebis

mier samuSaos koleqtiur Sewyvetas da sa-

xelmwifosadmi an mewarmeebisadmi ekonomi-

kuri (xandaxan politikuric) moTxovnebis

wayenebas. Tumca, konstitucia garkveulwi-

lad iTvaliswinebs gaficvis uflebis Sez-

Rudvasac. kerZod, gaficvis ufleba ar gaaC-

niaT samxedro mosamsaxureebs, Sinagan saq-

meTa organoebisa da saxelmwifo uSiSroebis

TanamSromlebs, saxelmwifo mosamsaxureebs.

amgvari SezRudva ganpirobebulia saxelmwi-

fos interesebiT, vinaidan samxedro mosam-

saxureTa, saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an poli-

ciis TanamSromelTa gaficvam SesaZlebelia

gamoiwvios sazogadoebrivi wesrigis darR-

veva, danaSaulebebis gaaqtiureba, saxelmwi-

fo uSiSroebis xelyofa da sxva umarTavi

procesebi.

gaficva iTvleba kanonierad, Tu igi daiwyo da

Catarda kanonmdeblobis normebis Sesabami-

sad. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, igi sasamarTlo

wesiT cnobil iqneba ukanonod da aseT ga-

ficvaSi monawileoba gamoiwvevs damnaSave

pirebis pasuxismgeblobas.

muxli 35

1. yvelas aqvs ganaTlebis miRebisa da misi

formis arCevis ufleba.

51

2. saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs saganmanaTleb-

lo programebis Sesabamisobas saerTaSori-

so wesebTan da standartebTan.

3. skolamdel aRzrdas uzrunvelyofs saxelm-

wifo. dawyebiTi da sabazo ganaTleba saval-

debuloa. moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT kanoniT

dadgenili wesiT da gansazRvrul farg-

lebSi saxelmwifo saswavleblebSi ufasod

miiRon saSualo, profesiuli da umaRlesi

ganaTleba.

4. saxelmwifo mxars uWers saganmanaTleblo

dawesebulebebs kanoniT dadgenili wesiT.

ganaTlebis ufleba moqalaqeTa erT-erTi arse-

biTi socialuri uflebaa da igi qmnis ro-

gorc misi pirovnebis, aseve mTeli sazoga-

doebis ganviTarebis winapirobebs. ganaTle-

bis ufleba moicavs ufasod saxelmwifo sas-

wavleblebSi dawyebiTi, saSualo, specialu-

ri da umaRlesi ganaTlebis miRebis ufle-

bas, ganaTlebis sayovelTaobas, mSoblebis

mierTavianTi bavSvebisaTvis swavlebis for-

mis (religiuri, saero) SerCevis SesaZleb-

lobas, kerZo saswavlo dawesebulebebis

Camoyalibebis uflebas. amasTan, daSvebulia

saxelmwifos umaRles saswavleblebSi ro-

gorc ufaso, ise fasiani swavlebis formebi.

konstitucia ganaTlebis uflebas ganamtki-

cebs mSobelTa movaleobiT, raTa maT uz-

runvelyon SvilebisaTvis dawyebiTi ganaT-

lebis miReba. igi savaldebulod acxadebs

dawyebiT da sabazo ganaTlebas. rac Seexeba

saSualo da umaRles ganaTlebas, misi miReba

52

Cvenikonstitucia

pirovnebis survilsa da SesaZleblobazea

damokidebuli. garda amisa, saxelmwifo

qmnis skolamdeli aRzrdis pirobebs, rac

gulisxmobs yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdom bav-

SvTa ufaso baga-baRebis funqcionirebas.

ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi re-

gulirdeba `ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~, ùmaRlesi

ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ da `dawyebiTi profesi-

uli ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kano-

nebiT.

mu xli 36

1. qorwineba emyareba meuRleTa uflebriv Ta-

nasworobasa da nebayoflobas.

2. saxelmwifo xels uwyobs ojaxis keTildRe-

obas.

3. dedaTa da bavSvTa uflebebi daculia kano-

niT.

qorwineba aris qalisa da mamakacis nebayoflo-

biTi kavSiri, romelic miznad isaxavs ojaxis

Seqmnas. konstitucia saxelmwifos avalde-

bulebs xeli Seuwyos ojaxis keTildReobas.

qorwinebis nebayofloba gulisxmobs qorwine-

bas mxolod orive meuRlis nebis Sesabami-

sad. Tu qorwineba Sedga iZulebis, daSinebis

an motyuebis Sedegad, aseTi qorwineba uka-

nonoa da igi baTilad gamocxaddeba.

meuRleTa uflebrivi Tanasworoba niSnavs imas,

rom saojaxo urTierTobebSi meuRleebs ga-

53

aCniaT Tanabari uflebebi da ekisrebaT Ta-

nabari movaleobebi. daqorwinebisas da sa-

ojaxo urTierTobebSi ar daiSveba meuRle-

Ta uflebebis SezRudva, romelime maTgani-

saTvis upiratesobis miniWeba warmoSobis,

socialuri da qonebrivi mdgomareobis, ra-

sobrivi da erovnuli kuTvnilebis, sqesis,

ganaTlebis, enis, religiisadmi damokidebu-

lebis, saqmianobis saxeobisa da xasiaTis,

sacxovrebeli adgilisa da sxva garemoebaTa

mixedviT.

konstitucia gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas ani-

Webs dedaTa da bavSvTa uflebebs da avalde-

bulebs saxelmwifos, rom man kanonebSi asa-

xos da ganamtkicos es uflebebi. saqorwino

da saojaxo urTierTobebisas warmoSobil

sakiTxebs aregulirebs saqarTvelos samoqa-

laqo kodeqsi.

muxli 37

1. yvelas aqvs ufleba isargeblos janmrTelo-

bis dazRveviT, rogorc xelmisawvdomi same-

dicino daxmarebis saSualebiT. kanoniT

dadgenili wesiT gansazRvrul pirobebSi

uzrunvelyofilia ufaso samedicino daxma-

reba.

2. saxelmwifo akontrolebs janmrTelobis

dacvis yvela dawesebulebas, samkurnalo

saSualebaTa warmoebas da am saSualebebiT

vaWrobas.

3. yvelas aqvs ufleba cxovrobdes janmrTe-

54

Cvenikonstitucia

lobisaTvis uvnebel garemoSi, sargeblob-

des bunebrivi da kulturuli garemoTi. yve-

la valdebulia gaufrTxildes bunebriv da

kulturul garemos.

4. adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo ga-

remos uzrunvelsayofad, sazogadoebis eko-

logiuri da ekonomikuri interesebis Sesa-

bamisad, axlandeli da momavali Taobebis

interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT saxelmwifo

uzrunvelyofs garemos dacvasa da raci-

onalur bunebaTsargeblobas.

5. adamians ufleba aqvs miiRos sruli, obieq-

turi da drouli informacia misi samuSao

da sacxovrebeli garemos mdgomareobis Se-

saxeb.

adamianis janmrTeloba iseTive xelSeuvali

Rirebulebaa, rogorc sicocxle. dauSvebe-

lia adamianis janmrTelobis xelyofa, rac

unda mZime danaSauli Caidinos man. konsti-

tucia ganamtkicebs janmrTelobis dacvis

uflebas da am uflebis realizebis erT-erT

meqanizmad miiCnevs janmrTelobis dazRve-

vas, rogorc moqalaqisaTvis xelmisawvdom

samedicino daxmarebis saSualebas.

janmrTelobis dazRvevis arsi mdgomareobs

imaSi, rom moqalaqe socialuri dazRvevis

organoebTan debs xelSekrulebas samedici-

no momsaxurebis Sesaxeb da uxdis mas gaci-

lebiT mcire odenobis sadazRvevo Tanxas,

vidre realurad saWiroa ama Tu im saxis sa-

medicino momsaxurebisaTvis. maSin, rodesac

55

moqalaqes dasWirdeba samedicino momsaxu-

reba, igi samedicino dawesebulebas uxdis

samedicino momsaxurebis Rirebulebis mxo-

lod nawils an saerTod ar ixdis, xolo am

momsaxurebis Rirebulebis danarCen nawils

an srulad ixdian socialuri dazRvevis or-

ganoebi, Tumca konstituciis igive muxli

iTvaliswinebs, kanoniT dadgenili wesiT,

gansazRvrul pirobebSi ufaso samedicino

daxmarebis uzrunvelyofasac.

garda amisa, saxelmwifo itovebs uflebas _

akontrolos janmrTelobis dacvis dawese-

bulebebi, samkurnalo saSualebebi da am sa-

SualebebiT vaWroba, rac isev da isev adami-

anis janmrTelobis srulfasovnad dacvisa

da maRalxarisxovani samedicino momsaxure-

biT uzrunvelyofis miznebs emsaxureba, vi-

naidan arakvalificiuri da uxarisxo same-

dicino momsaxureba SeiZleba gaxdes adami-

anis janmrTelobis gauaresebisa da sicocx-

lis safrTxis Seqmnis mizezic ki. saxelmwi-

fo samkurnalodawesebulebebis funqcioni-

rebisa da samkurnalo saSualebebis warmo-

ebisaTvis adgens garkveul pirobebs, ro-

melTa dakmayofilebis SemTxvevaSi saxelm-

wifo gascems specialur nebarTvas _ licen-

zias da garkveuli periodulobiT akontro-

lebs aRniSnuli pirobebis Sesrulebas.

adamianis janmrTeloba bevrad aris damokide-

buli im garemoze, romelSic cxovrobs da

Sromobs adamiani. amitom saxelmwifo, garda

56

Cvenikonstitucia

imisa, rom kisrulobs valdebulebas _ ac-

xovros adamiani sicocxlisa da janmrTelo-

bisaTvis usafrTxo garemoSi, aseve avalde-

bulebs yvelas, gaufrTxildnen da daicvan

bunebrivi garemo. konstitucia moqalaqes

uflebas aniWebs, miiRos sruli informacia

misi samuSao da sacxovrebeli garemos mdgo-

mareobis Sesaxeb, isargeblos bunebrivi ga-

remoTi, magram, amave dros, bunebrivi gare-

mos xelyofisa da misi araracionaluri ga-

moyenebisaTvis awesebs Sesabamis pasuxis-

mgeblobasac.

janmrTelobis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli sakiT-

xebi regulirdeba `janmrTelobis dacvis

Sesaxeb~, `samedicino dazRvevis Sesaxeb~,

`wamlisa da farmacevtuli saqmianobis Sesa-

xeb~, `saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb~ da `paci-

entis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kano-

nebiT.

mu xli 38

1. saqarTvelos moqalaqeni Tanaswori arian

socialur, ekonomikur, kulturul da po-

litikur cxovrebaSi ganurCevlad maTi

erovnuli, eTnikuri, religiuri Tu enob-

rivi kuTvnilebisa. saerTaSoriso samarT-

lis sayovelTaod aRiarebuli principebisa

da normebis Sesabamisad, maT ufleba aqvT

Tavisuflad, yovelgvari diskriminaciisa

da Carevis gareSe ganaviTaronTavianTi kul-

tura, isargeblon dedaeniT pirad cxovre-

baSi da sajarod.

57

2. saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-

arebuli principebisa da normebis Sesabami-

sad, umciresobaTa uflebebis ganxorciele-

ba ar unda ewinaaRmdegebodes saqarTvelos

suverenitets, saxelmwifo wyobilebas, te-

ritoriul mTlianobasa da politikur da-

moukideblobas.

saqarTveloSi, garda qarTvelebisa, romlebic

mosaxleobis umravlesobas Seadgenen, cxov-

roben mravali erovnebis warmomadgenlebi,

romlebsac TavianTi kultura, ena da reli-

gia gaaCniaT. saqarTvelos konstitucia uz-

runvelyofs am kategoriis moqalaqeTa srul

Tanasworobas konstituciisa da kanonis wi-

naSe. konstitucia maT uflebas aniWebs Ta-

visuflad, yovelgvari diskriminaciisa da

Carevis gareSe ganaviTaron TavianTi kul-

tura, Seqmnan SemoqmedebiTi nawarmoebebi,

gaerTiandnen saTvistomoebSi, isargeblon

dedaeniT rogorc pirad cxovrebaSi, aseve

sajarod, miiRon ganaTleba TavianT enaze.

am saxis uflebebi da garantiebi emyareba

saerTaSoriso samarTlis sayovelTaod aRi-

arebul principebsa da normebs, magram amave

normebis Sesabamisad, umciresobaTa mier

TavianTi uflebebis ganxorcieleba ar unda

ewinaaRmdegebodes saqarTvelos suvereni-

tets, saxelmwifo wyobilebas, teritoriul

mTlianobasa da politikur damoukideblo-

bas. maT ara aqvT ufleba moiTxovon avto-

nomia, saqarTvelos saxelmwifodan gamoyo-

fa da a. S. maTi uflebebis dacva da reali-

zeba unda xdebodes saerTo saxelmwifo-

ebrivi interesebis farglebSi da ar unda

ewinaaRmdegebodes mas.

58

Cvenikonstitucia

mu xli 40

1. adamiani udanaSaulod iTvleba, vidre misi

damnaSaveoba ar damtkicdeba kanoniT dadge-

nili wesiT da kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli sasa-

marTlos gamamtyunebeli ganaCeniT.

2. aravin ar aris valdebuli amtkicos Tavisi

udanaSauloba. braldebis mtkicebis mova-

leoba ekisreba bralmdebels.

3. dadgenileba braldebulis saxiT piris pa-

suxisgebaSi micemis Sesaxeb, sabraldebo

daskvna da gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni unda em-

yarebodes mxolod utyuar mtkicebulebebs.

yovelgvari eWvi, romelic ver dadasturde-

ba kanoniT dadgenili wesiT, unda gadawydes

braldebulis sasargeblod.

saerTaSoriso samarTalSi sayovelTaod aRi-

arebulia principi, romelic udanaSaulobis

prezumfciis saxeliT aris cnobili. am prin-

cips aRiarebs yvela demokratiuli saxelm-

wifo da maT Soris saqarTveloc, rogorc

saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis wevri.

udanaSaulobis prezumfciis principi moqala-

qeTa uflebebis kidev erT umniSvnelovanes

konstituciur garantias warmoadgens da

mdgomareobs imaSi, rom adamiani udanaSa-

ulod iTvleba manam, sanam misi damnaSaveoba

ar damtkicdeba kanoniT dadgenili wesiT da

kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlos gamam-

tyunebeli ganaCeniT. amasTan, arc erTi mo-

qalaqe ar aris valdebuli amtkicos Tavisi

udanaSauloba. moqalaqis braleuloba unda

daamtkicos braldebis organom.

59

rodesac Cadenilia danaSauli da piri bralde-

bulad aris cnobili am danaSaulSi, igi ma-

inc udanaSaulod iTvleba manam, sanam sasa-

marTlo ganaCeniT ar cnobs mas damnaSaved

da es ganaCeni ar Seva kanonier ZalaSi, sasa-

marTlos ganaCeni ki ZalaSi Sedis mas Semdeg,

rac amoiwureba misi gasaCivrebis vada.

sasamarTlos mier ganaCenis gamotanas win uZ-

Rvis iseTi procesebi, rogorebicaa winas-

wari gamoZieba da saqmis sasamarTlo ganxil-

va. es procesebi daregulirebulia saqarT-

velos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeq-

siT. sasamarTlos mier gamamtyunebeli gana-

Cenis gamotana unda moxdes swored am ko-

deqsis moTxovnaTa dacviT, saproceso ko-

deqsis moTxovnaTa daucveloba ki SeiZleba

gaxdes zemdgomi sasamarTlos mier gamam-

tyunebeli ganaCenis gauqmebis safuZveli.

dadgenileba piris braldebulis saxiT pasuxis-

gebaSi micemis Sesaxeb, sabraldebo daskvna

da gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni unda emyarebo-

des mxolod utyuar mtkicebulebebs, rac

imas niSnavs, rom mtkicebuleba utyuarad

unda miuTiTebdes piris mier danaSaulis

Cadenas da am mxriv araviTar eWvs ar unda

iwvevdes. Tuki mtkicebuleba aseT eWvs iw-

vevs, maSin sakiTxi unda gadawydes bralde-

bulis sasargeblod. saqarTvelos sisxlis

samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi swored aR-

niSnul konstituciur normebs emyareba.

60

Cvenikonstitucia

muxli 42

1. yovel adamians ufleba aqvs Tavis uflebaTa

da TavisuflebaTa dasacavad mimarTos sasa-

marTlos.

2. yoveli piri unda gansajos mxolod im sasa-

marTlom, romlis iurisdiqciasac eqvemde-

bareba misi saqme.

3. dacvis ufleba garantirebulia.

4. aravis ar SeiZleba ganmeorebiT daedos

msjavri erTi da imave danaSaulisaTvis.

5. aravin ar agebs pasuxs im qmedebisaTvis, ro-

melic misi Cadenis dros samarTaldarRve-

vad ar iTvleboda. kanons, Tu is ar amsubu-

qebs an ar auqmebs pasuxismgeblobas, ukuZa-

la ara aqvs.

6. braldebuls ufleba aqvs moiTxovos Tavisi

mowmeebis iseTive pirobebSi gamoZaxeba da

dakiTxva, rogoric aqvT braldebis mowme-

ebs.

7. kanonis darRveviT mopovebul mtkicebule-

bas iuridiuli Zala ara aqvs.

8. aravin ar aris valdebuli misces Tavisi an

im axlobelTa sawinaaRmdego Cveneba, romel-

Ta wrec ganisazRvreba kanoniT.

9. yvelasTvis garantirebulia saxelmwifo da

TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa da mosamsaxu-

reTagan ukanonod miyenebuli zaralis sasa-

marTlo wesiT sruli anazRaureba saxelmwi-

fo saxsrebidan.

yvela adamians konstitucia aniWebs garkveul

uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs da am ufleba-

61

Ta da TavisuflebaTa dacvis garants Tavad

saxelmwifo warmoadgens. bunebrivia, am ga-

rantiebis realizeba saWiroebs Sesabamisi

samarTlebrivi meqanizmebis Seqmnas, raTa

arsebobdes Sesabamisi uflebamosilebiT aR-

Wurvili iseTi saxelmwifo organo, rome-

lic daadgens _ dairRva Tu ara konkretul

SemTxvevaSi adamianis esa Tu is ufleba, vin

daarRvia da ra saxis sasjeli Tu sxva raime

RonisZieba unda daekisros damrRvevs. aseT

organos warmoadgens sasamarTlo. Sesabami-

sad, konstitucia yvela adamians aniWebs uf-

lebas, mimarTos sasamarTlos Tavisi darR-

veuli uflebebis dasacavad.

sasamarTlo wesiT dacvis ufleba, SeiZleba iT-

qvas, dacvis uflebac aris da misi uflebe-

bis dacvis garantiac. yvela adamians SeuZ-

lia mimarTos Tavisi uflebebisa da Tavi-

suflebebis dasacavad sasamarTlos, magram,

Tavis mxriv, sasamarTlom unda gansajos

mxolod im moqalaqeTa saqmeebi, romlebic

eqvemdebarebian mis iurisdiqcias. Tu sisx-

lis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT dadge-

nilia, rom ama Tu im konkretuli danaSaulis

saqme unda ganixilos romelime konkretul-

ma raionulma sasamarTlom, maSin sxva rai-

onuli sasamarTlo am saqmes ver ganixilavs,

radgan am SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlos gadawy-

vetileba iqneba ukanono. garda amisa, saxel-

mwifo uzrunvelyofs, rom yvela adamianma

isargeblos damcvelis _ advokatis momsaxu-

rebiT.

62

Cvenikonstitucia

mniSvnelovan konstituciur garantias warmo-

adgens is garemoeba, rom Tu adamiani cnobil

iqna damnaSaved da garkveuli saxis sasjeli

daedo, dauSvebelia mas imave danaSaulisaT-

vis xelmeored daedos msjavri.

kanonis ukuZala niSnavs misi moTxovnebis gav-

rcelebas mis miRebamde arsebulurTierTo-

bebze. rogorc wesi, kanonis moTxovnebi

vrceldeba misi miRebis Semdeg warmoSobil

urTierTobebze. magram SesaZlebelia, ka-

nons mieniWos ukuZala im SemTxvevaSi, Tu igi

auqmebs an amsubuqebs pasuxismgeblobas.

amasTan, ar SeiZleba adamiani daisajos iseTi

moqmedebisaTvis, romelic danaSaulad ar

iTvleboda misi Cadenis dros da mxolod

misi Cadenis Semdgom gamoacxada saxelmwi-

fom es moqmedeba danaSaulebrivad. garda

amisa, Tu adamiani sasjels ixdis raime dana-

SaulisaTvis da sasjelis moxdis periodSi

saxelmwifom gamosca kanoni, romliTac es

moqmedeba aRar iTvleba danaSaulad, piri

dauyovnebliv unda gaTavisufldes sasje-

lis moxdisagan. es sakiTxebi gansazRvrulia

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT.

braldebuls ufleba aqvs, Tavisi kanonieri uf-

lebebis dacvis mizniT, warmoadginos mowme-

ebi, romelTa Cvenebas arsebiTi mniSvneloba

eqneba misi braleulobis sakiTxis gadawyve-

tisas. mowmeebi, romelTa Cvenebac bralde-

bulis interesTa dasacavad aris mimarTuli,

imave pirobebSi unda iqnen gamoZaxebulni da

63

dakiTxulni, rogorc braldebis mowmeebi.

dauSvebelia maTTvis raime saxis SezRudvis

daweseba Cvenebis micemisas, mtkicebulebis

warmodgenisas da a. S.

adamianis uflebaTa dacvis kidev erT mniSvne-

lovan garantias warmoadgens konstituciis

is norma, romlis mixedviTac, kanonis dar-

RveviT mopovebul mtkicebulebas iuridi-

uli Zala ara aqvs. yoveli sagamoZiebo moq-

medeba, romelic miznad isaxavs mtkicebu-

lebis mopovebas, unda ganxorcieldes sa-

qarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso

kodeqsis moTxovnaTa mkacri dacviT, xolo

mtkicebuleba, romelic am moTxovnaTa dac-

vis gareSea mopovebuli, mxedvelobaSi ar

miiReba, miuxedavad imisa, amxels pirs dana-

SaulSi Tu amarTlebs mas.

danaSaulis gaxsnisaTvis udidesi mniSvneloba

aqvs mowmis Cvenebas. amitom, saqarTvelos

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis

Sesabamisad, mowme valdebulia misces Cve-

neba. amasTan, cru Cvenebis micemisaTvis dad-

genilia sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblo-

ba, Tumca konstitucia adamians aniWebs uf-

lebas ar misces Cveneba Tavis an Tavisi im

axloblebis winaaRmdeg, romelTa wrec gan-

sazRvrulia saqarTvelos sisxlis samarT-

lis saproceso kodeqsiT.

adamianis uflebebi SeiZleba daarRvios ara

marto sxva adamianma, aramed TviTon saxelm-

wifomac, amitom konstitucia yvela adami-

64

Cvenikonstitucia

ans uqmnis imis garantias, rom mas saxelm-

wifo saxsrebidan, sasamarTlo wesiT, sruli

moculobiT aunazRaurdeba saxelmwifo da

TviTmmarTvelobis organoTa da mosamsaxu-

reTagan ukanonod miyenebuli zarali.

muxli 44

1. saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yoveli piri val-

debulia asrulebdes saqarTvelos konsti-

tuciisa da kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebs.

2. adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa gan-

xorcielebam ar unda daarRvios sxvaTa uf-

lebebi da Tavisuflebebi.

uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis garda, moqala-

qeebs aseve gaaCniaT garkveuli valdebule-

bebi saxelmwifos winaSe. iseve, rogorc sa-

xelmwifo valdebulia, daicvas moqalaqis

uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, aseve moqala-

qec valdebulia Seasrulos saqarTvelos

konstituciisa da kanonmdeblobis moTxov-

nebi. amasTan, adamianis uflebaTa da Tavi-

suflebaTa ganxorcielebam ar unda daarR-

vios sxvaTa uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi. Tu

moqalaqe ar asrulebs konstituciisa da ka-

nonebis moTxovnebs, es SeiZleba gaxdes mis-

Tvis konstituciiT miniWebuli uflebebis

SezRudvis safuZveli.

muxli 48

saqarTvelos parlamenti aris qveynis umaRlesi

warmomadgenlobiTi organo, romelic axor-

65

cielebs sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas, gan-

sazRvravs qveynis saSinao da sagareo poli-

tikis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs, konstituci-

iT gansazRvrul farglebSi kontrols

uwevs mTavrobis saqmianobas da axorcielebs

sxva uflebamosilebebs.

saqarTvelos parlamenti aris qveynis umaRlesi

warmomadgenlobiTi organo, rac imas niS-

navs, rom parlamenti, rogorc erTiani ko-

legiuri organo, kompleqtdeba xalxis mier

arCeuli warmomadgenlebisagan da igi gamo-

xatavs xalxis nebas. igi axorcielebs saka-

nonmdeblo xelisuflebas, anu mxolod par-

lamentia uflebamosili gamosces kanonebi,

romlebic aregulireben saxelmwifoSi sa-

zogadoebrivi cxovrebis ama Tu im sferos.

qveynis saSinao da sagareo politikis Ziri-

Tadi mimarTulebebi, romelTa gansazRvris

uflebamosileba gaaCnia parlaments, swo-

red am kanonebSi aisaxeba. garda amisa, par-

lamenti kontrols uwevs mTavrobis saqmi-

anobas, Tu ramdenad axorcielebs mTavroba

parlamentis mier gansazRvrul saSinao da

sagareo politikas.

muxli 49

1. parlamenti Sedgeba sayovelTao, Tanaswori

da pirdapiri saarCevno uflebis safuZvel-

ze faruli kenWisyriT, oTxi wlis vadiT,

proporciuli sistemiT arCeuli 100 da ma-

Joritaruli sistemiT arCeuli 50 parlamen-

tis wevrisagan.

66

Cvenikonstitucia

2. parlamentis wevrad SeiZleba airCes saar-

Cevno uflebis mqone saqarTvelos moqalaqe

25 wlis asakidan.

3. parlamentis Sinagani struqtura da muSa-

obis wesi ganisazRvreba parlamentis regla-

mentiT.

4. saxelmwifo biujetSi parlamentisaTvis

gankuTvnili mimdinare xarjebis Semcireba,

wina wlis sabiujeto saxsrebis odenobasTan

SedarebiT, SeiZleba mxolod parlamentis

winaswariTanxmobiT. parlamentiTavad iRebs

gadawyvetilebas saxelmwifo biujetSi par-

lamentisaTvis gamoyofili sabiujeto saxs-

rebis ganawilebis Taobaze.

parlamenti Sedgeba sayovelTao, Tanaswori da

pirdapiri saarCevno uflebis safuZvelze

faruli kenWisyriT, oTxi wlis vadiT, pro-

porciuli sistemiT arCeuli 100 da maJori-

taruli sistemiT arCeuli 50 parlamentis

wevrisagan. arCevnebis sayovelTaoba gulis-

xmobs imas, rom arCevnebSi monawileobs yve-

la saarCevno uflebis mqone moqalaqe, Ta-

nasworoba ki niSnavs imas, rom yvela amomr-

Cevlis xmas aqvs Tanabari Zala _ upiratesi

xmis ufleba ar gaaCnia arc erT amomrCevels,

miuxedavad misi qonebrivi, Tanamdebobrivi

Tu sxva raime mdgomareobisa, xolo arCev-

nebis pirdapiroba niSnavs imas, rom amomr-

Ceveli uSualod aZlevs xmas ama Tu im poli-

tikur gaerTianebasa Tu kandidats. arCev-

nebi tardeba farulad. saxelmwifo qmnis pi-

robebs, raTa amomrCevlis neba ar gaxdes

sxvaTaTvis cnobili da masze ar moxdes ra-

ime saxis zewola.

67

proporciuli saarCevno sistema arCevnebis ise-

Ti formaa, rodesac amomrCeveli xmas aZlevs

politikur partias an saarCevno bloks da

isini parlamentSi adgilebs moipoveben sa-

arCevno siis mixedviT, maT mier miRebuli

amomrCevelTa xmebis raodenobis proporci-

ulad. maJoritaruli wesiT, arCevnebis dros

amomrCevlebi qveynis ama Tu im nawilSi xmas

aZleven konkretul kandidats da parlamen-

tis wevri xdeba is kandidati, romelic mi-

iRebs xmebis umravlesobas am teritoriul

erTeulSi.

konstitucia adgens minimalur asaks, romli-

danac SeiZleba saqarTvelos saarCevno uf-

lebis mqone moqalaqegaxdes saqarTvelospar-

lamentis wevri. minimaluri asaki 25 welia.

parlamentis organizaciuli mowyoba (xelmZ-

Rvaneliorganoebis, komitetebis, fraqciebis

Seqmnisa da funqcionirebis wesi) da saqmiano-

bis wesi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanoniT

_ saqarTvelos parlamentis reglamentiT.

yvela saxelmwifo dawesebulebas, Tavisi funq-

ciebis Sesasruleblad, saxelmwifo biuje-

tidan, yovelwliurad, gamoeyofa gansazRv-

ruli Tanxa. am mxriv, konstitucia saqarT-

velos parlaments myar finansur garantiebs

uqmnis, rac imaSi gamoixateba, rom saxelm-

wifo biujetSi parlamentisaTvis gankuTv-

nili Tanxis Semcireba, wina wlis odenobas-

Tan SedarebiT, SeiZleba mxolod parlamen-

tis winaswari TanxmobiT. amasTan, parlamen-

ti Tavad iRebs gadawyvetilebas misTvis ga-

moyofili saxsrebis ganawilebis Taobaze.

68

Cvenikonstitucia

muxli 50

1. arCevnebSi monawileobis ufleba aqvs kano-

niT dadgenili wesiT registrirebul moqa-

laqeTa politikur gaerTianebas, romlis

iniciativac dadasturebulia aranakleb 50

000 amomrCevlis xelmoweriT, an romelsac

hyavs warmomadgeneli parlamentSi arCevne-

bis daniSvnis droisaTvis, maJoritaruli

sistemiT arCevnebSi _ pirs, romlis wardge-

nis iniciativa dadasturebulia 1000 xelmo-

weriT mainc, an romelic bolo arCevnebiT

iyo parlamentis wevri.

2. parlamentis wevrTa mandatebi ganawildeba

mxolod im politikur gaerTianebebsa da

saarCevno blokebs Soris, romlebic pro-

porciuli sistemiT Catarebul arCevnebSi

miiReben monawile amomrCevelTa xmebis 7

procents mainc.

3. parlamentis morigi arCevnebi tardeba misi

uflebamosilebis gasvlamde araugvianes 15

dRisa. Tu arCevnebis vada emTxveva sagangebo

an saomar mdgomareobas, arCevnebi tardeba

am mdgomareobis gauqmebidan araugvianes 60

dRisa. arCevnebis TariRs niSnavs saqarTve-

los prezidenti arCevnebamde araugvianes 60

dRisa. parlamentis vadamde daTxovnis Sem-

TxvevaSi prezidenti niSnavs parlamentis

riggareSe arCevnebs, romelic unda Catar-

des parlamentis vadamde daTxovnis Sesaxeb

brZanebulebis amoqmedebidan arauadres 45

da araugvianes 60 dRisa.

69

31. parlamenti saqmianobas wyvets parlamentis

daTxovnis Sesaxeb prezidentis brZanebule-

bis amoqmedebidan. parlamentis daTxovnis

Sesaxeb prezidentis brZanebulebis amoqme-

debidan axlad arCeuli parlamentis pirvel

sxdomamde daTxovnili parlamenti ikribeba

mxolod prezidentis mier sagangebo an sa-

omari mdgomareobis gamocxadebis SemTxve-

vaSi sagangebo an saomari mdgomareobis dam-

tkicebis, anda sagangebo, an saomari mdgo-

mareobis gagrZelebis sakiTxis gadasawyve-

tad. Tu parlamenti ar Seikriba 5 dRis gan-

mavlobaSi an ar daamtkica (gaagrZela) sagan-

gebo mdgomareobis gamocxadebis (gagrZele-

bis) Sesaxeb prezidentis brZanebuleba, maSin

gamocxadebuli sagangebo mdgomareoba uqm-

deba. saomari mdgomareoba unda gauqmdes,

Tu parlamenti Sekrebidan 48 saaTSi ar daam-

tkicebs saomari mdgomareobis gamocxadebis

(gagrZelebis) Sesaxeb prezidentis brZanebu-

lebas. parlamentis Sekreba ar iwvevs parla-

mentis wevrebis saparlamento Tanamdebobe-

bis da xelfasebis aRdgenas. parlamenti

wyvets saqmianobas zemoaRniSnul sakiTxebze

gadawyvetilebis miRebisTanave.

4. parlamentis uflebamosileba wydeba axal-

arCeuli parlamentis pirveli SekrebisTa-

nave.

5. parlamentis wevris arCevis wesi, agreTve

arCevnebSi kandidatad monawileobis dauS-

vebloba ganisazRvreba konstituciiTa da

organuli kanoniT.

70

Cvenikonstitucia

parlamenti, rogorc umaRlesi sakanonmdeblo

organo, Tavisi arsiT, politikuri organoa,

amitom bunebrivia, rom misi dakompleqteba

xdeba politikur gaerTianebaTa warmomad-

genlebiT. konstitucia zedmiwevniT adgens

im wesebs, romelTa mixedviTac xdeba sapar-

lamento arCevnebis Catareba.

konstituciis Sesabamisad, saparlamento arCev-

nebSi monawileobis ufleba aqvs `moqalaqeTa

politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarT-

velos kanonis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos

iusticiis saministroSi registrirebul po-

litikur gaerTianebas, romelic centra-

lur saarCevno komisiaSi waradgens mxardam-

Wer amomrCevelTa 50 000 xelmoweras an am

politikuri gaerTianebis wevri aris moqme-

di parlamentis wevri. politikuri gaerTi-

anebis arCeva parlamentSi xdeba proporci-

uli saarCevno sistemiT.

rac Seexeba maJoritarul saarCevno sistemas,

am SemTxvevaSi xmis micema xdeba ara poli-

tikuri gaerTianebis, aramed konkretuli

kandidatisaTvis. imisaTvis, rom piri dare-

gistrirdes parlamentis wevrobis kandida-

tad maJoritaruli saarCevno sistemiT, igi

unda iyos an moqmedi parlamentis wevri, an

centralur saarCevno komisiaSi unda warad-

ginos mxardamWer amomrCevelTa 1000 xelmo-

wera.

arCevnebis Sedegad, parlamentSi sadeputato

71

adgilebs moipovebs is politikuri gaerTi-

aneba an saarCevno bloki, romelic miiRebs

arCevnebSi monawile amomrCevelTa xmebis 7

procents mainc. amasTan, mis mier miRebuli

sadeputato adgilebis raodenoba ganisaz-

Rvreba arCevnebSi miRebuli xmebis propor-

ciulad. swored amitom ewodeba am sistemas

proporciuli saarCevno sistema, maJorita-

rul arCevnebSi ki parlamentis wevri xdeba

is kandidati, romelic miiRebs am terito-

riuli erTeulis amomrCevelTa xmebis um-

ravlesobas.

konstitucia aseve dawvrilebiT ayalibebs ar-

Cevnebis Catarebis vadebs. igi unda Catardes

wina parlamentis uflebamosilebis vadis

gasvlamde araugvianes 15 dRisa, magram Tu

es periodi emTxveva sagangebo an saomar

mdgomareobas, maSin arCevnebi unda Catar-

des maTi gauqmebis Semdeg, gauqmebidan ara-

ugvianes 60 dRisa. Tavad arCevnebis dRis da-

niSvnis ufleba gaaCnia saqarTvelos prezi-

dents, romelic arCevnebis TariRs gansaz-

Rvravs arCevnebamde araugvianes 60 dRisa.

Tu parlamenti vadamde iqna daTxovnili, ma-

Sin prezidentma arCevnebi unda daniSnos

daTxovnidan arauadres 45 da araugvianes 60

dRisa.

parlamentis uflebamosileba wydeba mas Sem-

deg, rac Seikribeba axalarCeuli parlamen-

ti da parlamentis reglamentiT dadgenili

procedurebiT gaxsnis sxdomas.

72

Cvenikonstitucia

saparlamento arCevnebis CatarebasTan dakavSi-

rebuli sakiTxebi ganisazRvreba saqarTve-

los organuli kanoniT _ `saqarTvelos sa-

arCevno kodeqsiT~.

mu xli 69

1. saqarTvelos prezidenti aris saqarTvelos

saxelmwifos meTauri.

2. saqarTvelos prezidenti warmarTavs da

axorcielebs saxelmwifos saSinao da saga-

reo politikas. igi uzrunvelyofs qveynis

erTianobas da mTlianobas, saxelmwifo or-

ganoTa saqmianobas konstituciis Sesabami-

sad.

3. saqarTvelos prezidenti saqarTvelosumaR-

lesi warmomadgenelia sagareo urTierTo-

bebSi.

saqarTvelos prezidenti aris saqarTvelos sa-

xelmwifos meTauri. igi warmarTavs da axor-

cielebs saxelmwifos saSinao da sagareo po-

litikas, uzrunvelyofs qveynis erTianobas

da mTlianobas, saxelmwifo organoTa saq-

mianobas konstituciis Sesabamisad da war-

moadgens saqarTvelos sagareo urTierTo-

bebSi. am funqciebis Sesasruleblad prezi-

dents miniWebuli aqvs iseTi uflebamosile-

bebi, rogorebicaa saerTaSoriso xelSekru-

lebebisa da SeTanxmebebis dadeba, ucxoeTis

saxelmwifoebTan molaparakebis warmoeba,

parlamentis TanxmobiT saqarTvelos elCe-

bisa da sxva diplomatiur warmomadgenlebis

73

daniSvna da gaTavisufleba, konstituciuri

SeTanxmebis dadeba saqarTvelos samociqu-

lo avtokefaliur marTlmadidebel eklesi-

asTan, premier-ministris daniSvna, premier-

ministrisaTvis mTavrobis wevris _ minist-

ris daniSvnaze Tanxmobis micema, mTavrobis

gadayeneba, sagangebo da saomari mdgomare-

obis gamocxadeba, msjavrdebulis Sewyaleba

da sxva. amave dros, prezidenti aris saqar-

Tvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis umaRlesi

mTavarsardali.

muxli 70

1. saqarTvelos prezidenti airCeva sayovel-

Tao, Tanaswori da pirdapiri saarCevno uf-

lebis safuZvelze faruli kenWisyriT 5

wlis vadiT. erTi da igive piri prezidentad

SeiZleba airCes zedized mxolod orjer.

2. prezidentad SeiZleba airCes saarCevno uf-

lebis mqone dabadebiT saqarTvelos moqa-

laqe 35 wlis asakidan, romelsac saqarTve-

loSi ucxovria 15 wels mainc da arCevnebis

daniSvnis dRes cxovrobs saqarTveloSi.

3. prezidentobis kandidatis dasaxelebis uf-

leba aqvs moqalaqeTa politikur gaerTiane-

bas an sainiciativo jgufs. kandidatis war-

dgena dadasturebuli unda iyos aranakleb

50 000 amomrCevlis xelmoweriT.

4. arCeulad CaiTvleba kandidati, romelsac

xma misca arCevnebis monawileTa naxevarze

metma.

5. Tu arCevnebi Catarebulad gamocxadda, mag-

74

Cvenikonstitucia

ram verc erTma kandidatma ver miiRo xmaTa

saWiro raodenoba, ori kviris Tavze imar-

Teba arCevnebis meore turi.

6. arCevnebis meore turSi kenWi eyreba pirvel

turSi ukeTesi Sedegis mqone or kandidats.

arCeulad CaiTvleba is kandidati, romelic

met xmas miiRebs.

7. Tu arCevnebi Catarebulad ar gamocxadda,

an Catarda, magram pirvel turSi monawile-

obda mxolod erTi kandidati da man xmebis

saWiro raodenoba ver moagrova, an meore

turSi ar airCa prezidenti, ori Tvis vadaSi

imarTeba xelaxali arCevnebi.

8. sagangebo an saomari mdgomareobis dros ar-

Cevnebi ar tardeba.

9. prezidentis morigi arCevnebis pirveli tu-

ri ewyoba wina arCevnebis Catarebidan mexu-

Te wlis aprilis meore kvira dRes.

10. prezidentis arCevnebis wesi da pirobebi, ag-

reTve arCevnebSi kandidatad monawileobis

dauSvebloba ganisazRvreba konstituciiTa

da organuli kanoniT.

saqarTvelos prezidentis, rogorc saxelmwi-

fos umaRlesi xelisufalis Tanamdeboba,

arCeviTia da mas 5 wlis vadiT, sayovelTao,

Tanaswori da pirdapiri saarCevno uflebis

safuZvelze, faruli kenWisyriT irCeven sa-

arCevno uflebis mqone saqarTvelos moqa-

laqeebi. amasTan, konstitucia miuTiTebs

imis Sesaxeb, rom erTi da igive piri prezi-

dentad SeiZleba arCeul iqnes zedized mxo-

lod orjer.

75

imisaTvis, rom esa Tu is piri arCeul iqnas pre-

zidentad, igi unda akmayofilebdes konsti-

tuciiT dadgenil garkveul moTxovnebs.

kerZod, prezidentobis kandidati unda iyos

aucileblad dabadebiT saqarTvelos moqa-

laqe, unda gaaCndes saarCevno ufleba, unda

iyos aranakleb 35 wlisa, unda iyos saqarT-

veloSi nacxovrebi minimum 15 weli mainc da

arCevnebis daniSvnis dRisaTvis cxovrobdes

saqarTveloSi.

prezidentobis kandidatis wardgenis uflebas

konstitucia aniWebs rogorc moqalaqeTa

politikur gaerTianebas, aseve sainiciativo

jgufs. sainiciativo jgufi warmoadgens

saarCevno uflebis mqone moqalaqeTa jgufs,

romelTac survili aqvT waradginon prezi-

dentobis TavianTi kandidati, amisaTvis ki

maT centralur saarCevno komisias unda wa-

rudginon am kandidatis mxardamWer amomr-

CevelTa minimum 50 000 xelmowera.

saprezidento arCevnebSi gamarjvebulis gamo-

savlenad, pirvel rigSi saWiroa, rom arCev-

nebi Catarebulad CaiTvalos. amisaTvis ar-

CevnebSi monawileoba unda miiRos saqarTve-

los saarCevno uflebis mqone moqalaqeTa

naxevarze metma, xolo Tu arCevnebi Catare-

bulad gamocxadda, gamarjvebulad cxadde-

ba prezidentobis is kandidati, romelsac

xma misca arCevnebSi monawile amomrCevelTa

naxevarze metma.

76

Cvenikonstitucia

zogjer arCevnebSi monawileobsramdenime kandi-

dati da amomrCevelTa xmebi ise nawildeba,

rom verc erTi kandidati ver iRebs gamarj-

vebisaTvis saWiro xmebis raodenobas. aseT

SemTxvevaSi, ori kvirisTavzeunda gaimarTos

arCevnebis meore turi, romelSic monawile-

obs pirvel turSi yvelaze meti xmebis ra-

odenobis mqone mxolod ori kandidati, ga-

marjvebulad ki CaiTvleba is kandidati, ro-

melic xmebis met raodenobas miiRebs.

konstitucia aseve iTvaliswinebs xelaxali sap-

rezidento arCevnebis Catarebis SesaZleb-

lobas. es xdeba im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac ar-

Cevnebi ar gamocxadda Catarebulad, anu

masSi monawileoba miiRo amomrCevelTa saer-

To raodenobis naxevarze naklebma, an Catar-

da, magram pirvel turSi monawileobda mxo-

lod erTi kandidati da man xmebis saWiro

raodenoba ver moagrova, an meore turSi ar

airCa prezidenti. aseT SemTxvevaSi xelaxa-

li arCevnebi unda Catardes ori Tvis vadaSi.

konstituciiT gansazRvrulia saprezidento

arCevnebis Catarebis konkretuli TariRi _

wina arCevnebis Catarebidan mexuTe wlis ap-

rilis meore kvira dRe, Tumca konstitucia

iqve miuTiTebs, rom arCevnebi ar tardeba

sagangebo an saomari mdgomareobis dros.

iseve rogorc saparlamento arCevnebis, sapre-

zidento arCevnebis CatarebasTan dakavSire-

buli sakiTxebi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos

organuli kanoniT _ `saqarTvelos saarCev-

no kodeqsiT~.

77

muxli 82

1. sasamarTlo xelisufleba xorcieldeba sa-

konstitucio kontrolis, marTlmsajule-

bisa da kanoniT dadgenili sxva formebis

meSveobiT.

2. sasamarTlos aqtebi savaldebuloa yvela

saxelmwifo organosa da pirisaTvis qveynis

mTel teritoriaze.

3. sasamarTlo xelisufleba damoukidebelia

da mas axorcieleben mxolod sasamarTlo-

ebi.

4. sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba gamoaqvs sa-

qarTvelos saxeliT.

5. saerTo sasamarTloebSi saqmeebi nafici msa-

julebis mier ganixileba kanoniT gaTvalis-

winebul SemTxvevebSi da wesiT.

sasamarTlo xelisufleba xelisuflebis erT-

erTdamoukidebel Stos warmoadgens da misi

uflebamosilebebi mkacrad aris gamijnuli

xelisuflebis sxva Stoebisagan.

saqarTveloSi sakonstitucio kontrols axor-

cielebs sakonstitucio sasamarTlo, rome-

lic adgens, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba ama Tu

im saxelmwifoorganos mier miRebuli samar-

Tlebrivi aqti konstitucias, ramdenad kon-

stituciurad Catarda arCevnebi da a. S.

mxolod sasamarTlo xelisuflebaa uflebamo-

sili ganaxorcielos saxelmwifoSi marTlm-

sajuleba. marTlmsajuleba saxelmwifos

78

Cvenikonstitucia

saqmianobis iseTi saxea, romelic mimarTu-

lia samarTlis normebis realur an savara-

udo darRvevebTan dakavSirebuli sxvadas-

xva konfliqtis ganxilvisa da gadawyveti-

saken. amasTan, sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba

gamoaqvs saqarTvelos saxeliT, rac imas niS-

navs, rom igi gamoxatavs saxelmwifos pozi-

cias konkretul sadavo sakiTxTan dakavSi-

rebiT da misi gadawyvetileba savaldebu-

loa yvela saxelmwifo organosa da pirisaT-

vis qveynis mTelteritoriaze. sasamarTlos

gadawyvetilebis Secvla an gauqmeba SeuZlia

isev da isev sasamarTlos.

imisaTvis, rom sasamarTlom miiRos obieqturi

gadawyvetileba ama Tu im sakiTxTan dakav-

SirebiT, saWiroa, rom igi ar iyos saqmis Se-

degebiT dainteresebuli. amitom, konstitu-

cia ganamtkicebs sasamarTlos damoukideb-

lobis princips, rac imas niSnavs, rom dauS-

vebelia sasamarTlos saqmianobaSi raime

formiT Careva da zegavlenis moxdena, maT

Soris saxelmwifos sxva organoebisa Tu Ta-

namdebobis pirTa mxridan. amgvari qmedeba,

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT,

miCneulia danaSaulebriv qmedebad da dad-

genilia Sesabamisi sasjelis zoma.

sasamarTloebis sistema da organizacia, misi

damoukideblobis garantiebi mocemulia

`saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb~ da `saqar-

Tvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos Sesaxeb~ sa-

qarTvelos organuli kanonebiT.

79

m u x l i 98

1. TavdacviTi omi saqarTvelos suverenuli

uflebaa.

2. qveynis damoukideblobis, suverenitetisa

da teritoriuli mTlianobis dasacavad,

agreTve saerTaSoriso valdebulebaTa Se-

sasruleblad, saqarTvelos hyavs samxedro

Zalebi.

3. samxedro Zalebis saxeobebi da Semadgenlo-

ba ganisazRvreba kanoniT. samxedro Zalebis

struqturas amtkicebs saqarTvelos prezi-

denti, raodenobas ki erovnuli uSiSroebis

sabWos wardginebiT _ parlamenti siiTi Se-

madgenlobis umravlesobiT.

saqarTvelo suverenuli, damoukidebeli sa-

xelmwifoa, rac aRiarebulia saerTaSoriso

Tanamegobrobis mier sxvadasxva saerTaSo-

riso aqtebiT. amitom, iseve rogorc sxva sa-

xelmwifoebs, saqarTvelosac gaaCnia uf-

leba, Tavisi damoukideblobis, suverenite-

tisa da teritoriuli mTlianobis dasaca-

vad hyavdes samxedro Zalebi. saqarTvelos

Tavdacva politikur, ekonomikur, samxedro,

socialur, samarTlebriv da sxva RonisZi-

ebaTa erTobliobaa, rac uzrunvelyofs sa-

xelmwifos, saqarTvelos mosaxleobis, te-

ritoriisa da suverenitetis dacvas Seiara-

Rebuli Tavdasxmisagan. saqarTvelos Tav-

dacva saqarTvelos saxelmwifo usafrTxo-

ebis Semadgeneli nawili da misi erT-erTi

umniSvnelovanesi funqciaa.

80

Cvenikonstitucia

Tavdacvis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebul urTier-

Tobebs aregulirebs `saqarTvelos Tavdac-

vis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni.

unda aRiniSnos isic, rom konstituciis Sesa-

bamisad, saqarTvelos samxedro Zalebi gaaC-

nia ara mxolodTavdacvis mizniT, aramed sa-

erTaSoriso valdebulebebis Sesasruleb-

ladac. amgvari valdebulebis erT-erTi saxe

SeiZleba iyos samxedro Zalebis samSvidobo

operaciebSi monawileoba, rasac gansazRv-

ravs `saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis

samSvidobo operaciebSi monawileobis Sesa-

xeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni.

muxli 102

1. konstituciis zogadi an nawilobrivi gada-

sinjvis kanonproeqtis Setanis ufleba aqvT:

a) prezidents;

b) parlamentis wevrTa sruli Semadgenlobis

naxevarze mets;

g) aranakleb 200 000 amomrCevels.

2. konstituciis gadasinjvis kanonproeqti wa-

redgineba saqarTvelos parlaments, rome-

lic aqveynebs mas sayovelTao-saxalxo gan-

xilvisaTvis. parlamentSi kanonproeqtis

ganxilva iwyeba misi gamoqveynebidan erTi

Tvis Semdeg.

3. konstituciis gadasinjvis kanonproeqti mi-

Rebulad CaiTvleba, Tu mas mxars dauWers

saqarTvelos parlamentis sruli Semadgen-

lobis sul cota ori mesamedi.

81

4. konstituciis 68-e muxliT gaTvaliswine-

buli wesiT konstituciis gadasinjvis ka-

nons xels awers da aqveynebs saqarTvelos

prezidenti.

saxelmwifoSi yovelgvari sazogadoebrivi ur-

TierToba regulirdeba ama Tu im kanoniT,

romelsac safuZvlad udevs konstitucia,

rogorc saxelmwifos uzenaesi kanoni, Tum-

ca droTa ganmavlobaSi sazogadoebrivi ur-

TierTobebi viTardeba da zog SemTxvevaSi

icvlis saxesa da formas. amitom SeiZleba

dRis wesrigSi dadges kanonmdeblobis, maT

Soris konstituciis gadasinjvis sakiTxi.

saqarTvelos konstitucia Tavad gansazRvravs,

Tu rogori wesiT aris SesaZlebeli misi ga-

dasinjva da masSi cvlilebebis Setana. kons-

tituciis Sesabamisad, konstituciis gada-

sinjvis kanonproeqtis Setanis ufleba aqvT

prezidents, parlamentis wevrTa sruli Se-

madgenlobis naxevarze mets da aranakleb 200

000 amomrCevels. konstituciuri kanonpro-

eqti gadaecema saqarTvelos parlaments,

romelic, sxva saxis kanonproeqtebisagan

gansxvavebiT, aqveynebs mas sayovelTao-sa-

xalxo ganxilvisaTvis, raTa moqalaqeebs Se-

saZlebloba mieceT gaecnon mas, gamoTqvan

TavianTi azri kanonproeqtTan dakavSire-

biT. amisaTvis konstitucia adgens erTTvian

vadas, romlis amowurvis Semdegac saqarT-

velos parlamenti iwyebs konstituciuri ka-

nonproeqtis ganxilvas.

82

Cvenikonstitucia

imisaTvis, rom parlamentSi miRebul iqnas kons-

tituciuri kanonproeqti, saWiroa, mas xma

misces parlamentis sruli Semadgenlobis

orma mesamedma. mas Semdeg, rac parlamenti

miiRebs kanonproeqts, igi, iseve rogorc

sxva kanonproeqti, 7 dRis vadaSi gadaecema

saqarTvelos prezidents, romelic 10 dRis

vadaSi xels awers da aqveynebs kanons. kano-

nis ZalaSi Sesvla xdeba mxolod misi gamoq-

veynebis Semdeg.

amjerad, Cven SevecadeT mimogvexila saqarT-

velos ZiriTadi kanonis, saqarTvelos kons-

tituciis is umniSvnelovanesi debulebebi,

romelTa gacnobac nebismier Tqvengans mis-

cems saSualebas, ukeT gaacnobieros is uf-

lebebi da valdebulebebi, romelsac gvani-

Webs da gvakisrebs saqarTvelos konstitu-

cia. aRniSnuli ki saboloo jamSi udavod

did da dadebiT rols Seasrulebs rogorc

TiToeuli Tqvenganis, aseve im qveynis Sem-

dgomi ganviTarebis, winsvlisa da srulyo-

fis saqmeSi, romlis momavalic Tqven unda

aSenoT.

amasTanave, gaviTvaliswineT isic, rom konsti-

tucia Seicavs bevr iseT termins, romelic

SesaZloa, TqvenTvis ucxoa da gTavazobT

TqvenTvis saintereso mokle leqsikonsac.

83

saqarTvelos konstituciaSi

gamoyenebuli

ucxo sityvebis leqsikoni

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba _ saqarTve-

los moqalaqeTa konstituciiT aRiarebuli

da kanonmdeblobiT garantirebuli ufleba,

SesaZlebloba da pasuxismgebloba, TviTm-

marTvelobis erTeulebSi maT mier Seqmnili

adgilobrivi organoebis meSveobiT, kanon-

mdeblobis safuZvelze, sakuTari pasuxism-

geblobiT da damoukideblad gadawyviton

adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis sakiTxebi.

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba xorciel-

deba sofelSi, TemSi, dabaSi, qalaqSi, agreT-

ve im qalaqSi, romelic ar Sedis raionis Se-

madgenlobaSi.

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis kompeten-

cias ganekuTvneba: adgilobrivi TviTmmarT-

velobis organoebis debulebis miReba, masSi

cvlilebebis Setana da kontroli mis Ses-

rulebaze; dadgenili wesiT adgilobrivi

TviTmmarTvelobis qonebis floba, sargeb-

loba da gankargva; adgilobrivi biujetis

formireba, Sesruleba da kontroli; adgi-

lobrivi samsaxurebisa da Sesabamisi sawar-

84

Cvenikonstitucia

moebis Seqmna da likvidacia; komunaluri me-

urneoba da a.S.

administracia (laT. administracio marTva-

gamgebloba) _ 1. farTo gagebiT, saxelmwi-

fos marTvis mTeli saqmianoba. administra-

cias Seadgens saxelmwifos aRmasrulebeli

da ganmkargulebeli organoebi. 2. qveynis

calkeuli nawilebis mmarTveloba.

avtokefaliuri eklesia (berZn. autos TviT dakephale Tavi) _ damoukidebeli qristianul-

marTlmadidebeli eklesia, romelic ierar-

qiulad calke erTeulia, anu erTi marTl-

madidebeli eklesiis damoukidebloba me-

orisagan.

saqarTvelos avtokefaliuri marTlmadide-

beli eklesia warmoadgens samociqulo say-

dars da msoflio marTlmadidebeli ekle-

siis ganuyofel nawils. igi V saukunidan

aris avtokefaliuri da misi sasuliero ad-

ministraciuli centri da kaTedraa mcxeTa,

sapatriarqo kaTedrebi, agreTve, Tbilisi

da biWvinTa.

avtonomiuri respublika _ saxelmwifos Se-

madgenlobaSi politikuri avtonomiis saw-

yisebze Seqmnili saxelmwifoebrivi warmo-

naqmni, romelsac Tumca damoukidebloba ar

gaaCnia, magram aqvs Tavisi teritoria, kons-

titucia da kanonmdebloba, xelisuflebisa

da mmarTvelobis umaRlesi organoebi, sasa-

marTlo da saxelmwifoebriobis sxva atri-

butika.

85

amJamad, saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSia afxa-

zeTisa da aWaris avtonomiuri respublike-

bi. afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublika oku-

pirebulia separatistebisa da ucxo Zalebis

mier da mimdinareobs mSvidobiani brZola

misi dabrunebisa da iq saqarTvelos iuris-

diqciis aRsadgenad.

akreditacia (laT. accredo vendobi) _ diplo-

matiuri warmomadgenlobis meTauris an sam-

TavrobaTaSoriso saerTaSoriso organiza-

ciasTan saxelmwifos warmomadgenlobis da-

niSvnis procesi, rac aseTi uflebamosile-

bis Sesaxeb Sesabamisi aqtis Cabarebasac mo-

icavs.

umaRlesi saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebis

anda saganmanaTleblo programis statusis

(saxelmwifos mier aRiarebuli sertifika-

tis gacemis uflebis) dadgenis procedura.

amnistia (berZ. amnestia daviwyeba /danaSa-

ulisa, wyenisa/, patieba) _ damnaSavis gaTa-

visufleba sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxis-

mgeblobisagan, agreTve, msjavrdadebulis

gaTavisufleba sasjelisagan, anda misTvis

daniSnuli sasjelis Semcireba, an Secvla

ufro msubuqi sasjeliT. amnistiis aqtiT

sasjelmoxdils SeiZleba moexsnas nasamar-

Tlobac. amnistias acxadebs saqarTvelos

parlamenti individualurad ganusazRvrel

pirTa mimarT, an saqarTvelos prezidenti

gansazRvrul pirTa mimarT.

86

Cvenikonstitucia

arCevnebi _ 1. sajaro xelisuflebis warmomad-

genlobiTi organoebisa da sajaro xelisuf-

lebis Tanamdebobis pirTa arCeva kenWisy-

riT; 2. kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT,

arasajaro dawesebulebis, organizaciis ko-

legiuri organos an Tanamdebobis piris ar-

Ceva. arCevnebis meSveobiT moqalaqeebi axor-

cieleben saxelmwifos an dawesebulebis,

organizaciis marTva-gamgeblobaSi monawi-

leobis uflebas.

arCevnebi SeiZleba iyos sayovelTao da na-

wilobrivi, saerTo saxelmwifoebrivi da ad-

gilobrivi, saprezidento da saparlamento,

morigi, damatebiTi, ganmeorebiTi, pirdapi-

ri da arapirdapiri, proporciuli da maJo-

ritaruli da a.S.

atestacia (laT. attestacio mowmoba) _ moxelis

profesiuli Cvevebis, kvalifikaciis, SesaZ-

leblobebisa da piraduli Tvisebebis Sesa-

bamisobis Sefaseba dakavebul (an dasakave-

bel) Tanamdebobaze wayenebul moTxovneb-

Tan.

aqti _ saxelmwifo organos an Tanamdebobis

piris mier Tavisi kompetenciis farglebSi

gamocemuli oficialuri dokumenti (kanoni,

brZanebuleba, dekreti, dadgenileba da a.S.)

aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba _ organoTa sis-

tema, romelic aRmasrulebel-ganmkargule-

beli xasiaTisaa da axorcielebs saxelmwifo

xelisuflebas, kanonebis Sesrulebis orga-

nizaciul-operatiuli formiT.

87

aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis organoebi

SeiZleba daiyos:

a. teritoriuli moqmedebis mixedviT _

saerTo-saxelmwifoebrivi organoebi;

regionaluri organoebi da adgilobrivi

organoebi;

b. uflebamosilebis mixedviT _ saerTo da

specialuri kompetenciis;

specialuri kompetenciis organo SeiZleba

daiyos dargobriv da funqcionalur orga-

noebad.

aRmsarebloba _ esa Tu is religia, ama Tu im

rwmenis mimdevroba.

acileba _ gancxadeba visime kandidaturis mox-

snis Sesaxeb, visime ardaSvebis Sesaxeb rameSi

monawileobis misaRebad.

sisxlis samarTlis processa da samoqalaqo

procesSi procesis zogierTi monawilis saq-

mis warmoebisagan CamoSoreba sasamarTlo

ganxilvisa da winaswari gamoZiebis obieqtu-

robisa da miukerZoeblobis mizniT. mosa-

marTle, msajuli, prokurori, gamomZiebeli,

momkvlevi, sasamarTlo sxdomis mdivani, eqs-

perti, specialisti, Tarjimani da damswre

monawileobas ver miiReben saqmis warmoeba-

Si, Tu aris kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli ga-

remoebebi, rac saeWvos xdis maT obieqturo-

basa da miukerZoeblobas.

banki (frang. banque ) _ gansakuTrebuli ufle-

88

Cvenikonstitucia

bebiT aRWurvili sakredito organizacia,

romelic axdens fizikuri da iuridiuli

pirebis fuladi saxsrebis Tavmoyras, kre-

ditebis gacemas, fulad angariSsworebas,

sabanko angariSebis gaxsnas da kanoniT gaT-

valiswinebul sxva finansur operaciebs.

biujeti (frang. budget < ingl.) _ saxelmwifos,dawesebulebis, organizaciis, sawarmos Se-

mosaval-gasavlis xarjTaRricxva drois

garkveuli monakveTisaTvis. saxelmwifo xe-

lisuflebis organoebis funqciebis ganxor-

cielebisaTvis saWiro fuladi saxsrebis mo-

bilizaciisa da gamoyenebis ZiriTadi finan-

suri gegma.

biujetSi Tavs iyris fuladi saxsrebi, rom-

lebic xmardeba saerTo-saxelmwifoebrivi

mniSvnelobis ekonomikuri, socialuri, sa-

gareo-ekonomikuri, qveynis Tavdacvisa da

suverenuli qveynis valdebulebaTa Sesru-

lebisaTvis saWiroRonisZiebebs, agreTve sa-

erTo-saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis miznobrivi

programebis dafinansebas.

saqarTvelos sabiujeto sistema aris qvey-

nis biujetebis erTianoba, romelic efuZ-

neba saqarTvelos administraciul-terito-

riul mowyobas, ekonomikur urTierTobebsa

da iuridiul normebs.

braldeba _ 1. sisxlis samarTlis procesSi ka-

noniT uflebamosili organoebisa da pire-

bis saqmianoba, mimarTuli sisxlissamarT-

89

lebrivi funqciis gansaxorcieleblad, sis-

xlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micemuli pi-

ris braleulobis dasamtkiceblad. 2. bral-

debulad pasuxisgebaSi micemis dadgenile-

baSi, sabraldebo daskvnaSi, samarTalSi mi-

cemis dadgenilebaSi (ganCinebaSi) da gamam-

tyunebel ganaCenSi Camoyalibebuli sabral-

debo Tezisis Sinaarsi.

braldebuli _ sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisge-

baSi micemuli piri, agreTve piri, romlis mi-

marTac kanoniT dadgenili wesiT gamotani-

lia gamomZieblis an prokuroris dadgeni-

leba misi braldebulad pasuxisgebaSi mice-

mis Sesaxeb.

braldebuls, romelic micemulia samar-

TalSi, ewodeba gansasjeli, xolo romlis

mimarTac gamotanilia sasamarTlos gamam-

tyunebeli ganaCeni _ msjavrdebuli.

bralmdebeli _ piri, romelic sasamarTloSi

sisxlis samarTlis saqmis ganxilvisas mxars

uWers saxelmwifo braldebas. sasamarTloSi

prokurori aris saxelmwifo bralmdebeli.

brZaneba _ 1. saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis orga-

nos Tu dawesebulebis xelmZRvanelis aqti,

romelic gamoicema kanonis safuZvelze da

mis Sesasruleblad; 2. samxedro meTauris

werilobiTi an sityvieri gankarguleba xel-

qveiTis mimarT, romelic misTvis Sesasru-

leblad savaldebulod iTvleba.

90

Cvenikonstitucia

brZanebuleba _ saxelmwifos meTauris mier

gamocemuli kanonqvemdebare normatiuli

aqti raime mniSvnelovani sakiTxebis mosawe-

srigeblad Tu gadasawyvetad.

gadasaxadi _ aris saqarTvelos saxelmwifo, av-

tonomiuri respublikebisa da adgilobriv

biujetebSi savaldebulo, upirobo fuladi

Senatani, romelsac ixdis gadasaxadis gadam-

xdeli, gadaxdis aucilebeli, araekvivalen-

turi da usasyidlo xasiaTidan gamomdinare.

saqarTveloSi moqmedebs saerTo-saxelmwi-

foebrivi da adgilobrivi gadasaxadebi.

saerTo-saxelmwifoebriv gadasaxadebs gane-

kuTvneba:

saSemosavlo gadasaxadi, mogebis gadasaxadi,

damatebuli Rirebulebis gadasaxadi (dRg),

aqcizi, socialuri gadasaxadi.

adgilobriv gadasaxadebs ganekuTvneba:

qonebis gadasaxadi, saTamaSo biznesis gada-

saxadi.

ganaCeni _ pirveli da saapelacio instanciis

sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba braldebulis

braleulobis an udanaSaulobis Sesaxeb. ga-

naCeni SeiZleba iyos gamamtyunebeli an gama-

marTlebeli. ganaCeni Sedgeba Sesavali, aR-

werilobiT-samotivacio da sarezolucio

nawilebisgan. ganaCeni iwereba saTaTbiro

oTaxSi da dauyovnebliv cxaddeba sasamar-

Tlo sxdomis darbazSi.

91

gankarguleba _ aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis

kanonqvemdebare aqti, romelic awesrigebs

an wyvets raime konkretul sakiTxs.

garantia (frang. garantie ) _ piroba, romelicuzrunvelyofs risame warmatebas; sawinda-

ri; Tavdeboba; pasuxismgebloba; uzrunvel-

yofa.

gaficva _ organizebuli masobrivi Sewyveta

muSaobisa, raTa aiZulon sawarmos mepatro-

neebi (an xelisufleba) daakmayofilon gafi-

culTa moTxovnebi. gaficva an ekonomiku-

ria, an politikuri. xSirad gaficvas Tan ax-

lavs demonstraciebi.

generaluri prokurori _ saqarTvelos pro-

kuraturas xelmZRvanelobs generaluri

prokurori, romelsac saqarTvelos prezi-

dentis wardginebiT, 5 wlis vadiT, siiTi Se-

madgenlobis umravlesobiT, Tanamdebobaze

niSnavs parlamenti.

generaluri prokurori: kanoniT dadgenili

wesiT, organizebas uwevs da xelmZRvanelobs

prokuraturis saqmianobas; piradad an gene-

raluri prokuraturis meSveobiT axorci-

elebs Tavis uflebamosilebebs; Tanamdebo-

baze niSnavs da aTavisuflebs qvemdgom pro-

kurorebs, prokuraturis kolegiis wevrebs,

prokuraturis muSakebs; aRZravs sisxlis sa-

marTlis saqmes da axorcielebs sisxlis sa-

marTlebriv devnas saqarTvelos preziden-

tis, saqarTvelos konstituciis 64-e muxlSi

92

Cvenikonstitucia

CamoTvlili pirebis, parlamentis wevris,

saxalxo damcvelis, mosamarTlis, proku-

roris, gamomZieblis, saqarTvelos sagange-

bo da sruluflebiani elCis, agreTve saqar-

Tvelos samxedro Zalebis im oficrebis mi-

marT, romlebic Tanamdebobaze daniSnulni

arian saqarTvelos samxedro Zalebis umaR-

lesi mTavarsardlis mier; aseve afxazeTisa

da aWaris avtonomiuri respublikebis umaR-

lesi warmomadgenlobiTi organoebisa da

mTavrobis wevrebis mier danaSaulis Cade-

nisas; Tavisi kompetenciis farglebSi pro-

kuraturis muSakebs aniWebs da CamoarTmevs

specialur wodebebs; warmoadgens saqarT-

velos prokuraturas saxelmwifo umaRles

organoebSi, agreTve saerTaSoriso organo-

ebTan da ucxo saxelmwifoebis samarTal-

dacvis organoebTan urTierTobaSi axorci-

elebs kanonmdeblobiT misTvis miniWebul

sxva uflebamosilebebs.

dadgenileba _ saxelmwifo organos an Tanam-

debobis piris mier miRebuli samarTlebrivi

aqti, dokumenti.

dazRveva _ urTierToba, romelic myardeba fi-

zikuri da iuridiuli pirebis piradi da qo-

nebrivi interesebis dasacavad sadazRvevo

SenatanebiT (sadazRvevo premiiT) formuli-

rebuli fuladi fondebisa da kanonmdeb-

lobiT nebadarTuli sxva wyaroebis xarjze,

garkveuli garemoebebis (sadazRvevo SemTx-

vevebis) dadgomisas.

93

dakaveba _ Tavisuflebis xanmokle aRkveTa,

romelic gamoiyeneba Tu arsebobs sakmao sa-

fuZveli, eWvi miitanon pirze im danaSaulis

CadenaSi, romlisTvisac kanoni iTvaliswi-

nebs sasjels Tavisuflebis aRkveTis saxiT,

misi danaSaulebrivi saqmianobis aRkveTis,

gaqcevis, damalvis an mtkicebulebaTa mos-

pobis Tavidan asacileblad.

dakiTxva _ sagamoZiebo da sasamarTlo moqme-

deba, rac niSnavs piris gamokiTxvas saqmi-

saTvis mniSvnelobis mqone garemoebebis Se-

saxeb. mowmis, dazaralebulis, eWvmitanilis,

braldebulis da sxvaTa dakiTxva xdeba ka-

noniT dadgenili wesebis dacviT. dakiTxvis

dros zemoqmedebis ukanono meTodebis ga-

moyeneba danaSaulia da isjeba kanoniT. dana-

Saulia, agreTve mowmis an dazaralebulis

mier Cvenebis micemaze uaris Tqma.

damcveli _ piri, romelic kanoniT dadgenili

wesiT icavs eWvmitanilisa da braldebulis

kanonier interesebs da uwevs maT kvalifi-

ciur iuridiul daxmarebas.

danaSauli _ sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaT-

valiswinebuli marTlsawinaaRmdego da bra-

leuli qmedeba. danaSauli ar aris iseTi qme-

deba, romelic Tumca formalurad Seicavs

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswine-

buli romelime qmedebis niSnebs, magram mci-

re mniSvnelobis gamo ar gamouwvevia iseTi

ziani, romelic aucilebels gaxdida misi

94

Cvenikonstitucia

Camdenis sisxlis samarTlebriv pasuxismgeb-

lobas, an ar Seuqmnia aseTi zianis safrTxe.

danaSaulis Semadgenlobis niSnebi _ kanoniT

gaTvaliswinebuli obieqturi da subieqtu-

ri niSnebis erToblioba, rac konkretuli

danaSaulebrivi qmedebisaTvisaa damaxasi-

aTebeli da warmoadgens sisxlis samarTleb-

rivi pasuxismgeblobis aucilebel safuZ-

vels.

dapatimreba _ sisxlis samarTlis procesSi

aRkveTis RonisZieba. igi gamoiyeneba mxo-

lod im piris mimarT, romelsac bralad ede-

ba iseTi danaSaulis Cadena, risTvisac kano-

niT gaTvaliswinebulia Tavisuflebis aRk-

veTa or welze meti vadiT, garda im SemTx-

vevebisa, roca braldebulma daarRvia sxva,

naklebad mkacri aRkveTis RonisZieba. dapa-

timreba, rogorc wesi, ar gamoiyeneba mZime

avadmyofis, xandazmulis, orsuli da Cvil-

bavSviani qalis mimarT. patimrobis vada saq-

mis gamoZiebisas ar SeiZleba aRematebodes

sam Tves. uflebamosili prokuroris Suam-

dgomlobiT, patimrobis vada, kanoniT dad-

genili wesiT, SeiZleba gaagrZelos mosamar-

Tlem, magram ara umetes 9 Tvisa. am vadis gas-

vlis Semdeg braldebuli dauyovnebliv un-

da gaTavisufldes.

dayadaReba _ mesakuTris an mflobelisaTvis

qonebis gankargvis an qonebiT sargeblobis

uflebis akrZalva. sisxlis samarTlis pro-

95

cesSi sarCelis, sxva qonebrivi saxdelis,

agreTve saproceso konfiskaciisa da sisx-

lis samarTlebrivi iZulebiTi RonisZiebis

uzrunvelsayofad, sasamarTlos SeuZlia,

yadaRa daados eWvmitanilis, braldebulis

an gansasjelis, agreTve maTi moqmedebisaT-

vis materialurad pasuxismgebeli piris qo-

nebas, maT Soris sabanko angariSebs, Tu aris

monacemebi, qonebas gadamalaven an daxarja-

ven, anda, rom qoneba danaSaulebrivi gziT

aris mopovebuli. qoneba dayadaRdeba mosa-

marTlis brZanebis safuZvelze.

dacvis ufleba _ konstituciiT garantire-

buli adamianis piradi xasiaTis ufleba, da-

icvas sakuTari uflebebi, Tavisuflebebi da

kanonieri interesebi kanonsawinaaRmdego

xelyofisagan.

dedaqalaqi _ saxelmwifos mTavari qalaqi,

qveynis administraciul-politikuri cent-

ri, romelsac aqvs gansakuTrebuli samarT-

lebrivi mdgomareoba, marTvis gansakuTre-

buli sistema da reJimi. rogorc wesi, deda-

qalaqi damoukidebeli administraciuli er-

Teulia.

saqarTvelos dedaqalaqi _ Tbilisi saqarT-

velos parlamentis, saqarTvelos prezide-

ntis, saqarTvelos mTavrobis, aRmasrule-

beli xelisuflebis sxva organoebis, saqar-

Tvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos, saqarTve-

los kontrolis palatis, saqarTvelos sa-

xalxo damcvelis, saqarTvelos erovnuli

96

Cvenikonstitucia

bankis, ucxo qveynebis diplomatiuri da sa-

erTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgen-

lobebis adgilsamyofelia.

Tbilisis, rogorc saqarTvelos dedaqala-

qis statuss da Tbilisis warmomadgenlo-

biTi da aRmasrulebeli organoebis ufle-

bamosilebas, saqmianobis wessa da safinanso-

ekonomikur safuZvlebs gansazRvravs saqar-

Tvelos 1998 wlis 20 Tebervlis kanoni `sa-

qarTvelos dedaqalaqis _ Tbilisis Sesaxeb~.

dekreti (laT. decretum brZanebuleba, dadge-

nileba) _ raime sagangebo mdgomareobasTan

dakavSirebiT miRebuli droebiTi normati-

uli aqti, romelsac kanonis Zala aqvs.

demokratia (berZ. demokratia xalxis xeli-

sufleba < demos xalxi + kratos Zalauf-

leba) _ politikuri mmarTvelobis forma,

romelic damyarebulia iseT principebze,

rogoricaa: kanonis uzenaesoba, xalxis mo-

nawileoba saxelmwifo xelisuflebis gan-

xorcielebaSi, adamianis uflebebisa da Ta-

visuflebis dacva. asxvaveben uSualodemok-

ratias (xalxis mier xelisuflebis organo-

ebis uSualod arCeva, mniSvnelovani gadawy-

vetilebis miReba referendumis meSveobiT

da a.S.) da warmomadgenlobiT demokratias

(gadawyvetilebebis miReba, Tanamdebobis

pirebis daniSvna xalxis mier arCeuli orga-

noebis mier da a. S.).

demokratiuli sazogadoeba _ sazogadoeba,

romlis TiToeuli wevri kanonis winaSe Ta-

97

nabari uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT sar-

geblobs. misTvis damaxasiaTebelia xeli-

suflebis formirebaSi xalxis realuri mo-

nawileoba, moqalaqeTa farTo socialur-

ekonomikuri da politikuri uflebebisa da

Tavisuflebebis sakanonmdeblo reglamen-

tacia, maTi ganxorcielebis realuri kons-

tituciuri garantiebis arseboba; aseve far-

To politikuri pluralizmi.

denonsacia (frang. denonciation < laT. denun-tiatio Setyobineba) _ saerTaSoriso xelSek-

rulebis moqmedebis calmxrivad Sewyvetis

forma, romelic niSnavs xelSekrulebis moq-

medebis Sewyvetas am xelSekrulebis debu-

lebis Sesabamisad da dadgenil vadebSi.

deputati (laT. deputatus wargzavnili) _ sa-

kanonmdeblo organos wevri, romelic arCe-

ulia an daniSnulia kanoniT dadgenili we-

siT. deputatis statusi gansazRvrulia kon-

stituciiTa da sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT.

diplomatiuri rangi _ diplomatiur samsa-

xurSi dawesebuli saklaso Cini.

diplomatiuri samsaxuri _ sagareo saqmeTa

saministro da misi qvedanayofebi qveynis

teritoriaze da sazRvargareT.

diplomatiuri warmomadgeneli _ mocemul

saxelmwifoSi akreditebuli ucxo saxelmwi-

fos warmomadgeneli.

98

Cvenikonstitucia

diplomatiuri warmomadgenloba _ sagareo

saqmeTa saministros qvedanayofi sxva saxel-

mwifoSi, romelic saerTaSoriso organiza-

ciebTan da adgilsamyofel saxelmwifosTan

diplomatiuri da sakonsulo urTierTobe-

bisas warmoadgens sakuTar qveyanas.

diskriminacia (laT. discriminatio gansxvaveba)

_ saxelmwifos iuridiuli Tu fizikuri pi-

ris uflebebis SezRudva raime mizeziTa Tu

niSniT. adamianTa garkveuli kategoriis

diskriminacia SeiZleba xdebodes maTi ra-

sobrivi kuTvnilebis, erovnebis, sarwmuno-

ebis, politikuri mrwamsisa da sxva amgvari

niSnebiTa Tu motiviT. diskriminacia, ra

formiTac unda iyos igi gamoxatuli, ewina-

aRmdegeba samarTlianobis principebs da

akrZalulia rogorc Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi,

ise saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebiT.

eTnikuri (berZ. ethnikos tomi, xalxis) _ ama

Tu im tomTan, xalxTan dakavSirebuli.

elCi _ umaRlesi diplomatiuri rangi.

emigracia (laT. emigrare gadasaxleba) _ sxva

saxelmwifoSi mudmivad sacxovreblad gam-

gzavreba. samoqalaqo da politikuri ufle-

bebis Sesaxeb 1966 wlis saerTaSoriso paq-

tiT _ `samoqalaqo da policiuri uflebebis

Sesaxeb~, yvela adamians aqvs Tavisi Tu sxva

qveynis datovebis ufleba, romlis SezRud-

vac SeiZleba mxolod saxelmwifos uSiSro-

99

ebis, sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, mosaxleobis

janmrTelobis, sxva pirTa uflebebisa Tu

Tavisuflebebis aucileblobiT.

saqarTveloSi emigraciis statusi, misi uf-

leba-movaleobani da emigraciasTan dakav-

Sirebuli sxva sakiTxebi mowesrigebulia

saqarTvelos 1993 wlis 20 ivlisis kanoniT

èmigraciis Sesaxeb~. am kanonis mizania, sa-


arebuli principebis Sesabamisad, uzrun-

velyos saqarTvelos moqalaqis ufleba, da-

tovos Tavisi qveyana da Tavisuflad dab-

rundes ukan; gansazRvros saqarTvelos mo-

qalaqeTa sxva saxelmwifoSi mudmivad sac-

xovreblad wasvlis (emigraciis) wesi da pi-

robebi, agreTve, moawesrigos am sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT warmoSobili sxva urTierTo-

bani.

emisia (laT. emissio gamoSveba) _ fasiani qa-

Raldebis, qaRaldis fulis gamoSveba.

erovneba _ eris, xalxis gamaerTianebeli saxe-

li. erovnuli warmomavloba, warmoSoba; ro-

melime erisadmi gankuTvneba.

samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT, erovneba da

moqalaqeoba yovelTvis ar aris identuri.

erovnuli kuTvnileba moqalaqeobis armqone

pirebsac aqvT. aris qveynebi, sadac moqala-

qeobasa da erovnebas Soris, samarTlebrivi

TvalsazrisiT, araviTari gansxvaveba ar

aris.

100

Cvenikonstitucia

erovnuli banki _ saqarTvelos centraluri

banki, bankTa banki, saqarTvelos mTavrobis

bankiri da fiskaluri agenti. igi warmoad-

gens sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirs.

erovnuli banki Tavis saqmianobaSi xelmZR-

vanelobs saqarTvelos konstituciiT, sa-

qarTvelos organuli kanoniT èrovnuli

bankis Sesaxeb~, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-

biT da eyrdnoba saerTaSoriso sabanko praq-

tikaSi miRebul wesebsa da Cvevebs. mas uf-

leba aqvs, damoukideblad dados xelSekru-

lebebi, SeiZinos uZravi da moZravi qoneba

da flobdes da gankargavdes mas, gamovides

mosarCeled da mopasuxed, damoukideblad

ganaxorcielos Tavisi monetaruli da saze-

damxedvelo funqciebi. erovnuli bankis qo-

neba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo kuTvnilebaa.

erovnul banks afuZnebs umaRlesi warmomad-

genlobiTi organo. erovnuli bankis adgil-

samyofelia q. Tbilisi.

erovnuli bankis prezidenti _ direqtor-

ganmkargulebeli da pasuxismgebeli bankis

mimdinare saqmianobisaTvis. erovnuli bankis

prezidents erovnuli bankis sabWos wardgi-

nebiT niSnavs da Tanamdebobidan aTavisuf-

lebs saqarTvelos prezidenti.

erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWo _ prezidentis

saTaTbiro organo samxedro aRmSeneblobi-

sa da Tavdacvis organizaciis, qveynis uSiS-

roebasTan dakavSirebuli saSinao da saga-

reo politikis, stabilurobisa da marTl-

101

wesrigis uzrunvelyofis strategiul sa-

kiTxebze gadawyvetilebaTa misaRebad.

saqarTvelos erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos

SemadgenlobaSi Sedian: prezidenti (sabWos

Tavmjdomare), premier-ministri, sagareo

saqmeTa ministri, Tavdacvis ministri, uSiS-

roebis ministri, Sinagan saqmeTa ministri da

erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos mdivani. erov-

nuli uSiSroebis sabWos wevrebs niSnavs pre-

zidenti.

eWvmitanili _ danaSaulis CadenaSi saeWvod

miCneuli piri, romelic dakavebulia kano-

niT dadgenili safuZvliTa da wesiT.

zavi _ SeTanxmeba, magaliTad, meomar mxareTa

Soris saomari moqmedebis Sewyvetisa da

mSvidobianobis damyarebis Sesaxeb.

Tavisufali mandati _ deputatis damoukideb-

loba amomrCevlebisagan, rac imasac niSnavs,

rom amomrCevlebs ufleba ara aqvT, vadamde

gaiwvion maT mier arCeuli deputati. aseTi

principi moqmedebs, faqtobrivad, yvela de-

mokratiul saxelmwifoSi, maT Soris saqar-

TveloSic.

saqarTvelos parlamentis wevri aris sru-

liad saqarTvelos warmomadgeneli, sargeb-

lobs Tavisufali mandatiT da misi gawveva

dauSvebelia.

Tavisuflebis aRkveTa _ sasjelis saxe, rac

102

Cvenikonstitucia

niSnavs msjavrdebulis sazogadoebisagan

izolacias da kanoniT gansazRvrul sasjel-

aRsrulebis dawesebulebaSi mis moTavsebas.

Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT msjavrdebuli, ro-

melsac ganaCenis gamotanis momentisaTvis

ar Sesrulebia 18 weli, moTavsdeba aras-

rulwlovanTa aRmzrdelobiT dawesebule-

baSi.

Tavisuflebis aRkveTa aris vadiani da uva-

do. vadiani Tavisuflebis aRkveTa iniSneba

6 Tvidan oc wlamde vadiT. danaSaulTa er-

TobliobiT sasjelTa Sejamebisas Tavisuf-

lebis aRkveTis maqsimaluri vada ar unda

aRematebodes 25 wels, xolo ganaCenTa er-

TobliobiT sasjelTa Sejamebisas _ 30 wels.

uvado Tavisuflebis aRkveTa SeiZleba da-

iniSnos mxolod gansakuTrebiT mZime dana-

SaulisaTvis. es sasjeli ar daeniSneba imas,

visac danaSaulis Cadenamde ar Sesrulebia

18 weli, an visac ganaCenis gamotanis momen-

tisaTvis Seusrulda 60 weli.

TavSesafris ufleba _ ucxo saxelmwifos

moqalaqis an moqalaqeobis armqone piris uf-

leba, ganusazRvreli droiT imyofebodes

sxva saxelmwifos teritoriaze, Tu Tavis

samSobloSi devnian politikuri, religi-

uri, mecnieruli da sxva amgvari mrwamsisa

da moRvaweobisaTvis. TavSesafris ufleba

ar vrceldeba omis damnaSaveebsa da im pi-

rebze, romelTac brali edebaT kacobriobis

winaaRmdeg danaSaulis CadenaSi.

103

dauSvebelia sxva saxelmwifos gadaeces Se-

moxiznuli piri, romelsac devnian politi-

kuri mrwamsisaTvis, an im qmedebisaTvis, ro-

melic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dana-

Saulad ar iTvleba. ar SeiZleba TavSesaf-

ris micema im ucxoelebisaTvis, romelTa Se-

xedulebebi da saqmianoba ewinaaRmdegeba ga-

eros amocanebsa da principebs da saqarTve-

los saxelmwifos interesebs.

Tarjimani _ sisxlis samarTlis procesisa da

samoqalaqo procesis monawile, romelic

Tavisuflad flobs samarTalwarmoebis enas

da im enas, romelzedac procesis monawile

iZleva ganmartebas an Cvenebas. Tarjimani

valdebulia, zustad da srulad Targmnos

Cveneba Tu dokumenti. Segnebulad araswori

TargmanisaTvis Tarjimani pasuxs agebs sisx-

lis samarTlis wesiT.

imigracia (laT. immigrare vsaxldebi) _ imig-

rantTa qveyanaSi Sesvlis procesi. imigran-

ti ucxoelia, romelmac saqarTvelos kanon-

mdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT moipova saqar-

TveloSi mudmivad cxovrebis ufleba.

impiCmenti (laT. impechment ) _ maRali Tanam-debobis pirTa Tanamdebobidan gadayenebis

gansakuTrebuli wesi.

konstituciis darRvevis, saxelmwifo Rala-

tisa da sisxlis samarTlis sxva danaSauli-

saTvis saqarTvelos prezidentis, uzenaesi sa-

samarTlos Tavmjdomaris, mTavrobis wevris,

104

Cvenikonstitucia

generaluri prokuroris, kontrolis palatis

Tavmjdomarisa da erovnuli bankis sabWos

wevris Tanamdebobidan gadayenebis wesi.

impiCmentis wesiT Tanamdebobis piris gada-

yenebis sakiTxis aRZvris ufleba aqvs parla-

mentis sruli Semadgenlobis aranakleb erT

mesameds.

inteleqtualuri sakuTreba _ qonebrivi da

piradi araqonebrivi uflebebi, romlebic

warmoiSoba mecnierebis, literaturisa da

xelovnebis nawarmoebTa Seqmnisa da gamoye-

nebis, agreTve SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis Se-

degad Seqmnili zogierTi sxva Rirebulebis

(magaliTad, telegadacema, radiodadgma, sa-

saqonlo nimuSi, sawarmoo nimuSi da a.S.) sa-

fuZvelze.

informaciis Tavisufleba _ adamianis erT-

erTi piradi xasiaTis ufleba. yovel adami-

ans aqvs ufleba, Tavisuflad miiRos da gaav-

rcelos informacia, gamoTqvas da gaavrce-

losTavisi azri zepirad, werilobiT an sxva-

gvari saSualebiT. masobrivi informaciis

saSualebebi Tavisufalia. cenzura dauS-

vebelia. saqarTvelos yovel moqalaqes uf-

leba aqvs, kanoniT dadgenili wesiT, gaecnos

saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi masze arsebul

informacias, iq daculoficialurdokumen-

tebs, Tu isini ar Seicavs saxelmwifo, pro-

fesiul an komerciul saidumloebas. infor-

maciis gacnobaze ukanonod uaris Tqma an

mcdari informaciis wardgena danaSaulia da

isjeba sisxlis samarTlis wesiT.

105

iuridiuli piri _ gansazRvruli miznis misaR-

wevad Seqmnili sakuTari qonebis mqone orga-

nizebuli warmonaqmni, romelic Tavisi qone-

biT damoukideblad agebs pasuxs da saku-

Tari saxeliT iZens uflebebsa da movale-

obebs, debs garigebebs da SeuZlia sasamar-

TloSi gamovides mosarCeled da mopasuxed.

saxelmwifo samoqalaqo-samarTlebriv ur-

TierTobebSi monawileobs iseve, rogorc

kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli piri. saxelm-

wifos uflebamosilebebs am dros axorci-

eleben misi organoebi ise, rom isini ar war-

moadgenen iuridiul pirebs.

iuridiuli piris adgilsamyofelad iTvle-

ba misi administraciis mdebareobis adgili.

iurisdiqcia (laT. jurisdictio sasamarTlo war-

moeba) _ Sesabamisi saxelmwifo organoebis

kanoniT dadgenili uflebamosileba, ganixi-

lon da gadawyviton samarTlebrivi davebi,

miscen kanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebebs samar-

Tlebrivi Sefaseba, gamoiyenon samarTal-

damrRvevTa mimarT iZulebiTi Tu aRmzrde-

lobiTi xasiaTis RonisZiebani.

iusticiis umaRlesi sabWo _ prezidentis sa-

TaTbiro organo, sasamarTlo reformis ga-

satareblad winadadebebis SemuSavebisa da

kanoniT dadgenili sxva amocanebis Sesru-

lebis mizniT.

kanoni (berZn. kanon wesi, ganawesi) _ saxelm-

106

Cvenikonstitucia

wifos umaRlesi warmomadgenlobiTi orga-

nos mier gansakuTrebuli wesiT miRebuli

normatiuli aqti. zog qveyanaSi kanons iRe-

ben sayovelTao saxalxo kenWisyriT, anu re-

ferendumiT. kanoni awesrigebs mniSvnelovan

sazogadoebriv urTierTobebs, warmoadgens

moqmedi samarTlis wyaros.

kanonis miRebis procedura Sedgeba ramde-

nime stadiisagan: kanonproeqtis momzadeba,

sakanonmdeblo iniciativa, kanonproeqtis

ganxilva, miReba, kanonproeqtis gadacema

prezidentisaTvis xelmosawerad, kanonis

gamoqveyneba.

kanonis ukuZala _ kanonis moqmedebis gavrce-

leba mis kanonier ZalaSi Sesvlamde arsebul

SemTxvevebze. saerTo wesis Tanaxmad, kanons

ara aqvs ukuZala. am wesidan gamonaklisi

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos TviTon kano-

niT. sisxlis samarTlis kanons, romelic

auqmebs qmedobis danaSaulebriobas, amsubu-

qebs sasjels an sxvagvarad aumjobesebs

damnaSavis mdgomareobas, aqvs ukuZala, xo-

lo kanons, romelic awesebs qmedebis dana-

Saulebriobas, amkacrebs sasjels an sxvag-

varad auaresebs damnaSavis mdgomareobas,

ukuZala ara aqvs. saerTod, ar SeiZleba, ka-

nons mieces ukuZala, Tu igi zianis momtania,

an auaresebs piris mdgomareobas

kanonmdebloba _ sakanonmdebloda kanonqvemde-

bare normatiuli aqtebis erToblioba. saqar-

Tvelos kanonmdeblobas qmnis saqarTvelos

107

sakanonmdeblo aqtebi (saqarTvelos konsti-

tucia, konstituciuri kanoni, organuli ka-

noni, kanoni, saqarTvelos prezidentis dek-

reti)da kanonqvemdebare aqtebi (saqarTvelos

parlamentis dadgenileba, saqarTvelos pre-

zidentis, ministrisada aRmasrulebeli xeli-

suflebis sxva saxelmwifo uwyebis xelmZRva-

nelis, saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis, saqar-

Tvelos kontrolis palatis normatiuli aq-

tebi da sxv.). saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xel-

Sekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi saqarTvelos

kanonmdeblobis nawilia.

kompensacia (laT. compensatia anazRaureba) _

sazRauri, Tanxa, rasac uxdian risame asanaz-

Raureblad.

kompetencia (laT. competentia ) _ ama Tu im sa-xelmwifo organos an Tanamdebobis piris

uflebamosileba, romelic gansazRvravs mis

adgils saxelmwifo organoebis sistemaSi.

sakiTxTa wyeba, romelTa jerovani codna

moepoveba visme.

konkurencia (laT. concurrentia Sejaxeba) _ me-

warmeTa Sejibri gamoSvebuli produqciis

xarisxisa da asortimentis gaumjobesebiT

sasaqonlo bazarze upiratesobis mosapoveb-

lad, agreTve bazarze damoukideblad moq-

medi ekonomikuri agentebis metoqeoba, roca

TiToeuli maTganis qmedeba zRudavs meto-

qis SesaZleblobas, upiratesoba moipovos

bazarze da xels uwyobs momsaxurebisaTvis

saWiro saqonlis warmoSobas.

108

Cvenikonstitucia

konstitucia (laT. constitutio dadgena) _ aris

samarTlebrivi aqti an samarTlebrivi aqte-

bis erToblioba, romelic miRebulia saxel-

mwifo xelisuflebis umaRlesi organos mi-

er an referendumis gziT, gaaCnia umaRlesi

iuridiuli Zala da aregulirebs sazogado-

ebisa da saxelmwifos organizaciis safuZ-

vlebs, pirovnebisa da saxelmwifos urTier-

Tobis ZiriTad principebs.

kontinenturi Selfi _ teritoriul wylebTan

mimdebare garkveuli siganis zRvis fskeris

raioni, romelzec mosazRvre saxelmwifo

axorcielebs garkveul suverenul ufle-

bebs.

saqarTvelos kontinenturi Selfi vrcel-

deba saxmeleTo teritoriis mTel bunebriv

sigrZeze xmeleTis wyalqveSa kidis gare saz-

Rvramde 200 sazRvao milis manZilze an

vrceldeba ara umetes 200 sazRvao milis

manZilze im swori amosavali xazebidan, rom-

lebidanac xdeba teritoriuli wylebis aT-

vla Tu xmeleTis wyalqveSa kidis gare saz-

Rvari ar vrceldeba am manZilze.

calkeul SemTxvevebSi, kontinenturi Sel-

fis gare sazRvari dgindeba mosazRvre an mo-

pirdapire saxelmwifosTan dadebuli saer-

TaSoriso xelSekrulebiT, an SeTanxmebiT.

kontrolis palata _ saxelmwifo safinanso-

ekonomikuri kontrolis umaRlesi organo,

Seqmnili saxelmwifo saxsrebisa da saxelm-

wifos sxva materialur faseulobaTa gamo-

109

yenebasa da xarjvaze zedamxedvelobis miz-

niT. igi emsaxureba erovnuli simdidrisa da

saxelmwifo qonebis dacvas, akontrolebs da

aanalizebs saxelmwifo materialuri da fu-

ladi resursebis gamoyenebis kanonierebas,

miznobriobasa da efeqtianobas.

konfidencialuri (laT. confidentia ndoba) _

saidumlo, risi gaxmaurebac ar SeiZleba.

krediti (laT. creditum sesxi, vali) _ 1. saqon-

lis an fulis gacema sesxad, romelic ukan

sargebelTan erTad brundeba. 2. (finans.)

garkveuli xarjebis gasawevad gacemuli

Tanxa.

kulturuli memkvidreoba _ saqarTvelos ka-

nonmdeblobiT, kulturis is nawili, romel-

mac sazogadoebis ganviTarebis procesSi da-

imkvidra, SeinarCuna an aRidgina faseulo-

bis mniSvneloba da Taobidan Taobas gada-

ecema.

mandati (laT. mandatum davaleba) _ visime

rwmunebulebis damadasturebeli dokumen-

ti.

manifestacia (laT. manifestatio gamocxadeba)

_ moqalaqeTa demonstracia, masobrivi sa-

jaro gamosvla, quCaSi msvleloba solida-

robis an protestis gamoxatvis mizniT, an

msvleloba plakatebis, lozungebis, trans-

parantebisa da sxva saxviTi saSualebebis ga-

moyenebiT.

110

Cvenikonstitucia

marTlmsajuleba _ samarTlianoba, kanoniere-

ba, sasamarTlo xelisuflebis ganxorciele-

bis forma, rac niSnavs sasamarTlos mier

sisxlis samarTlisa da samoqalaqo saqmeebis

ganxilva-gadawyvetas, ese igi, kanoniT da-

culi sikeTis xelyofis faqtis sasamarTlo

wesiT dadgenas da samarTaldamrRvevTa mi-

marT saxelmwifo iZulebiTi RonisZiebebis

gamoyenebas. saqarTveloSi marTlmsajule-

bas mxolod saerTo sasamarTloebi axorci-

eleben.

masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi _ masob-

rivi informaciis saSualebebSi igulisxmeba:

gazeTebi, Jurnalebi, tele-radio progra-

mebi, video da kinodokumentalistika, bi-

uletenebi, 500-ze meti tiraJiT dabeWdili

wignebi da sxva perioduli an erTjeradi ga-

mocemebi, Tu isini gankuTvnilia informa-

ciis sajaro gavrcelebisaTvis. masobrivi

informaciis saSualebebi warmodgenilia,

agreTve, gamomcemlobebiT, perioduli pre-

sis, tele- da radiomauwyeblobis redaqci-

ebiT, romlebic awarmoeben da avrceleben

masobriv informacias (saqarTvelos kanoni

`presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva sa-

Sualebebis Sesaxeb~).

memkvidreoba _ gardacvlili piris (mamkvid-

reblis) qonebis gadasvla sxva pirebze (mem-

kvidreebze) kanoniT an anderZiT, anda orive

safuZvliT. samkvidro qoneba Seicavs mamk-

vidreblis rogorc qonebrivi uflebebis,

ise movaleobebis erTobliobas, romelic

mas hqonda sikvdilis momentisaTvis.

111

meri (fr.maire , ingl.mayor , laT. major didi,ufrosi) _ qalaqis meTauri, municipalite-

tis umaRlesi Tanamdebobis piri.

mTavarsardali _ jarebis (flotis, aviaciis)

sardali saomari moqmedebis erT-erT rome-

lime ubanze an strategiul mimarTulebaze,

agreTve SeiaraRebuli Zalebis calkeuli

saxeobebisa. saxelmwifos SeiaraRebuli Za-

lebis ufrosi.

mTavroba (ministrTa kabineti, ministrTa sab-

Wo) _ saxelmwifos aRmasrulebeli xelisuf-

lebis umaRlesi kolegiuri organo, romel-

sac saTaveSi udgas premier-ministri (kanc-

leri, ministrTa kabinetisa Tu sabWos Tav-

mjdomare). marTva-gamgeobis formis Sesaba-

misad, mas qmnis parlamenti, an prezidenti,

an orive erTad.

mTavroba _ saqarTvelos prezidentis sa-

TaTbiro organo Sedgeba premier-minist-

risa da ministrebisagan, maT Soris saxelm-

wifo ministrebisagan. mTavroba Tavisi uf-

lebamosilebis ganxorcielebisas xelmZRva-

nelobs samTavrobo programiT, romelsac

ndobas ucxadebs saqarTvelos parlamenti.

mTavrobis formirebis, misi uflebamosile-

bis moxsnis, mTavrobis wevrebis _ ministre-

bis Tanamdebobaze daniSvnisa da Tanamde-

bobidan gaTavisuflebis wesi ganisazRvreba

saqarTvelos konstituciiTa da kanoniT

àRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis struqtu-

risa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb~.

112

Cvenikonstitucia

ministri _ mTavrobis wevri, romelic meTa-

urobs saministros da awesrigebs: saminist-

ros gamgeblobis sferosaTvis mikuTvnebul

sakiTxebs; pasuxismgebelia saqarTvelos kon-

stituciis, sxva kanonebis, saqarTvelos

prezidentis brZanebulebebisa da gankargu-

lebebis Sesrulebaze im sferoSi, romelic

saministros mmarTvelobas ganekuTvneba;

adgens saministros sferoSi arsebuli sa-

xelmwifo dawesebulebebis struqturas,

saqmis warmoebis wess; asrulebs misTvis sa-

qarTvelos kanonebiT, saqarTvelos prezi-

dentis brZanebulebiTa da gankargulebebiT

dakisrebul sxva amocanebs (saqarTvelos

kanoni àRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis struq-

turisa da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb~).

momxmarebeli _ piradi saWiroebisaTvis saqon-

lis (samuSaos, momsaxurebis) gamomyenebeli,

SemZeni, SemkveTi an aseTi ganzraxvis mqone

piri. saqarTveloSi momxmareblis dacvis ga-

rantiebi dadgenilia saqarTvelos kanoniT

`momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb~.

monopolia _ raime sagnis warmoebisa da gayid-

vis im gansakuTrebuli uflebis damyareba,

rac erT pirs, pirTa jgufs an saxelmwifos

ekuTvnis.

monopoliuri saqmianoba _ ekonomikuri agen-

tis, saxelmwifo organos saqmianoba, rome-

lic saSualebas aZlevs mas, arsebiTi gavlena

moaxdinos bazarze da SezRudos konkuren-

113

cia. ekonomikuri agenti CaiTvleba monopo-

liuri mdgomareobis mqoned, Tu misi wili

konkretul sasaqonlo bazarze pirdapir an

arapirdapir aRemateba antimonopoliuri

samsaxuris mier dadgenil zRvrul odeno-

bas.

mosakrebeli _ aucilebeli gadasaxdeli bi-

ujetSi, romelsac ixdian fizikuri da iuri-

diuli pirebi saxelmwifos mier maTTvis

kanoniT gansazRvruli saqmianobis ganxor-

cielebisa Tu sargeblobis uflebis mini-

WebisaTvis, agreTve saxelmwifo organoebis

mier gaweuli garkveuli momsaxurebisaTvis.

mosakreblebis zogadi principebi gansazRv-

rulia saqarTvelos 1998 wlis 6 Tebervlis

kanoniT `mosakreblebis sistemis safuZvle-

bis Sesaxeb~

mosamarTle _ saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT,

saerTo sasamarTlos Tanamdebobis piri, ro-

melic kanoniT dadgenili wesiT arCeuli an

daniSnulia mosamarTled da erTpirovnu-

lad an kolegiis SemadgenlobaSi axorci-

elebs marTlmsajulebas. mosamarTle SeiZ-

leba iyos saqarTvelos qmedunariani moqa-

laqe ocdaaTi wlis asakidan, Tu mas aqvs

umaRlesi iuridiuli ganaTleba, specialo-

biT muSaobis sul cota xuTi wlis gamocdi-

leba, flobs saxelmwifo enas da Cabarebuli

aqvs sakvalifikacio gamocda. saqarTvelos

yvela mosamarTlis uflebamosilebis vadaa

10 weli. mosamarTlis Tanamdeboba SeuTav-

114

Cvenikonstitucia

sebelia nebismier sxva TanamdebobasTan,

garda pedagogiuri saqmianobisa. mosamarT-

le ar SeiZleba iyos politikuri gaerTiane-

bis wevri da monawileobdes politikur saq-

mianobaSi. mosamarTle xelSeuxebelia. marT-

lmsajulebis ganxorcielebisas mosamarT-

lis uflebamosileba gansazRvrulia sapro-

ceso kanonmdeblobiT.

moqalaqe _ konstituciuri samarTlis mixed-

viT, piri, romelic samarTlebriv safuZvel-

ze miekuTvneba gansazRvrul saxelmwifos.

moqalaqes gaaCnia uflebebi, Tavisuflebebi

da akisria movaleobebi. Tavisi samarTleb-

rivi mdgomareobiT konkretuli saxelmwi-

fos moqalaqe gansxvavdeba am saxelmwifos

teritoriaze myof moqalaqeobis armqone

pirTagan; kerZod, mxolod moqalaqes aqvs

politikuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi.

moqalaqeoba _ piris myari politikur-samar-

Tlebrivi kavSiri konkretul saxelmwifos-

Tan, rac gamoixateba urTierTsanacvlo uf-

lebamosilebaTa erTianobiT: saxelmwifo

aRiarebs moqalaqis uflebebsa da Tavisuf-

lebebs, icavs da mfarvelobs mas rogorc

qveynis SigniT, ise sazRvargareT;Tavis mxriv,

moqalaqe valdebulia, icavdes da asruleb-

des qveynis kanonebs. moqalaqeobis mopoveba

xdeba dabadebiT, moqalaqeobis miRebiT (na-

turalizaciiT), kanonmdeblobiTa da saer-

TaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT gaTvaliswine-

buli sxva safuZvlebiT.

115

saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTve-

los moqalaqeobis Sesaxeb~, saerTaSoriso

samarTlisa da saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-

bis Sesabamisad, uzrunvelyofs saqarTve-

los moqalaqis uflebaTa dacvas rogorc

qveyanaSi, ise mis farglebs gareT.

mowme _ piri, romlisTvisac cnobilia sisxlis

samarTlis saqmis garemoebaTa dasadgenad

saWiro monacemebi. Cvenebaze uaris Tqmisa da

cru Cvenebis micemisaTvis mowme pasuxs agebs

sisxlis samarTlis wesiT.

msjavrdebuli _ sisxlis samarTlis pasuxis-

gebaSi micemuli piri, romlis mimarTac ga-

motanilia sasamarTlos gamamtyunebeli ga-

naCeni.

mtkicebuleba _ kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli

wyaroebidan da kanonieri wesiT miRebuli

cnobebi, romelTa safuZvelze mxareebi ica-

ven TavianT uflebebsa da kanonier intere-

sebs, xolo momkvlevi, gamomZiebeli, proku-

rori da sasamarTlo adgenen saqmis sworad

gadawyvetisaTvis mniSvnelovan garemoebebs.

mtkicebulebaTa meSveobiT sisxlis samarT-

lis saqmeze dgindeba, pirma Caidina Tu ara

danaSauli, brali, danaSaulis motivi, ag-

reTve saqmis sworad gadawyvetisaTvis mniS-

vnelovani sxva garemoebebi.

araviTar mtkicebulebas ara aqvs winaswar

dadgenili Zala. momkvlevi, gamomZiebeli,

prokurori, mosamarTle mtkicebulebebs

afaseben Tavisuflad, TavianTi Sinagani

rwmeniT.

116

Cvenikonstitucia

nafici msajulebi _ xalxis warmomadgenlebi,

romlebic uSualod monawileoben marTl-

msajulebis ganxorcielebaSi. isini, rogorc

wesi, qmnian damoukidebel kolegias, rome-

lic verdiqtis gamotaniT wyvets mxolod

braldebulis braleulobisa Tu udanaSa-

ulobis sakiTxs. braleulad cnobis SemTx-

vevaSi ganaCens adgenen da sasjels niSnaven

profesionali mosamarTleebi damoukideb-

lad an nafic msajulebTan erTad.

normatiuli aqti _ uflebamosili saxelmwifo

an adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa da

mmarTvelobis organos an Tanamdebobis pi-

ris mier kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT

miRebuli (gamocemuli) samarTlebrivi aqti,

romelic Seicavs misi mudmivi an droebiTi

da mravaljeradi gamoyenebis zogad wess da

Sesasruleblad savaldebuloa.

saqarTvelos normatiuli aqtebia: saqarT-

velos konstitucia, saqarTvelos konsti-

tuciuri kanoni, saqarTvelos saerTaSori-

so xelSekruleba da SeTanxmeba, saqarTve-

los organuli kanoni, saqarTvelos prezi-

dentis dekreti, saqarTvelos prezidentis

brZanebuleba, saqarTvelos parlamentis

dadgenileba, saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis

prezidentis brZaneba, saqarTvelos kont-

rolis palatis normatiuli aqti, ministri-

sa da aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis sxva sa-

xelmwifo uwyebis xelmZRvanelis brZaneba.

117

omi _ samxedro moqmedebebi saxelmwifoebs So-

ris, agreTve saxelmwifoebsa da erovnul-

ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobebs Soris, rasac

Tan sdevs maT Soris arsebuli yvela samS-

vidobourTierTobis sruli gawyveta. saxel-

mwifoebs Soris omis SemTxvevaSi wydeba

diplomatiuri, sakonsulo, savaWro, ekono-

mikuri da sxva urTierTobebi, irRveva Sesa-

bamisi xelSekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi, Tan-

mdevi samarTlebrivi SedegebiT.

parlamenti (frang. parlement ) _ saxelmwifosumaRlesi warmomadgenlobiTi sakanonmdeb-

lo organo.

saqarTvelos parlamenti aris qveynis umaR-

lesi warmomadgenlobiTi organo, romelic

axorcielebs sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas,

gansazRvravs qveynis saSinao da sagareo po-

litikis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs, saqarTve-

los konstituciiT dadgenil farglebSi

kontrols uwevs saqarTvelos mTavrobis

saqmianobas, axorcielebs konstituciiT,

sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebiTa da parlamen-

tis reglamentiT misTvis miniWebul sxva uf-

lebamosilebebs.

parlamenti uflebamosilia miiRos saqarT-

velos konstitucia, konstituciuri kanoni,

konstituciuri SeTanxmeba, organuli kano-

ni, kanoni, parlamentis reglamenti, dadge-

nileba, rezolucia, deklaracia, mimarTva,

gancxadeba da sxva gadawyvetilebebi.

118

Cvenikonstitucia

parlamentis wevri _ sruliad saqarTvelos

warmomadgeneli parlamentSi, arCeuli pro-

porciuli an maJoritaruli saarCevno we-

siT.

piradi ufleba _ adamianis bunebrivi, Tanda-

yolili da individualuri xasiaTis ufleba,

Tavisufleba.

politikuri partia _ saerTo msoflmxedve-

lobriv da organizaciul safuZvelze Seqm-

nili moqalaqeTa nebayoflobiTi damouki-

debeli da registrirebuli gaerTianeba.

partia, rogorcTavisufali, demokratiuli

sazogadoebis aucilebeli konstituciuri

samarTlebrivi nawili, arCevnebis meSveobiT

da kanonmdeblobiT nebadarTuli sxva saSu-

alebebiT monawileobs moqalaqeTa politi-

kuri nebis formirebasa da gamoxatvaSi.

policia _ sazogadoebrivi wesrigis dacvisa da

damnaSaveobasTan brZolis sagangebo orga-

noTa sistema. policia awarmoebs danaSa-

ulis mokvlevas, adgens administraciul sa-

marTaldarRvevas, awesrigebs sagzao moZra-

obas, axorcielebs kanoniT miniWebul sxva

uflebamosilebas.

prezidenti (laT. praesidens TavSi mjdomi) _

respublikuri mmarTvelobis qveynebSi sa-

xelmwifos an saxelmwifosa da aRmasrule-

beli xelisuflebis meTauri.

119

premier-ministri (frang. premier pirveli) _mTavrobis meTauri.

prokuratura _ sasamarTlo xelisuflebis da-

wesebuleba, romelic Tavisi kompetenciis

farglebSi axorcielebs kanonierebis dac-

vis funqcias.

prokurori _ prokuraturis organoebis Tanam-

debobis piri, romelic axorcielebs gansaz-

Rvrul uflebamosilebas. saqarTvelos ka-

nonmdeblobiT, prokurori aris saqarTve-

los generaluri prokurori, yvela qvemd-

gomi prokurori, prokuroris moadgile,

ufrosi TanaSemwe, sammarTvelos, ganyofi-

lebis, nawilis ufrosi an misi moadgile da

sxva. yvela prokurori Tanamdebobaze iniS-

neba generaluri prokuroris mier, genera-

lur prokurors ki niSnavs saqarTvelos par-

lamenti. prokurorad SeiZleba dainiSnos 30

wels miRweuli saqarTvelos moqalaqe iuri-

diuli ganaTlebiT, romelic flobs samar-

Talwarmoebis enas, gavlili aqvs staJireba

prokuraturaSi, Cabarebuli aqvs sakvali-

fikacio gamocdebi, dadebuli aqvs fici.

profesiuli kavSiri _ saqmianobis mixedviT

saerTo sawarmoo, profesiuli interesebiT

dakavSirebul pirTa (muSakTa) nebayoflobi-

Ti sazogadoebrivi gaerTianeba (organiza-

cia), romlis mizania misi wevrebis SromiTi,

socialur-ekonomikuri da samarTlebrivi

uflebebisa da interesebis dacva da warmo-

madgenloba.

120

Cvenikonstitucia

procesi (laT. processus dawinaureba) _ sasa-

marTloSi saqmis gamoZiebisa da sasamarTlo

ganxilvis wesi, samarTalwarmoeba. sisxlis

samarTlis saqmeze samarTalwarmoebas ewo-

deba sisxlis samarTlis procesi, xolo

samoqalaqo saqmeze _ samoqalaqo procesi,

administraciul saqmis warmoebas _ adminis-

traciuli procesi da a. S.

rasa (frang. race < italiuri razza) _ saerTowarmoSobis mqone adamianTa istoriulad Ca-

moyalibebuli jgufi, romelsac axasiaTebs

memkvidreobiT gadacemuli zogi saerTo ni-

SanTviseba: sxeulis agebuleba, kanis, Tmis

feri, Tavis forma, simaRle da sxva.

ratifikacia (frang. ratification ) _ saxelmwifos

umaRlesi organos mier am saxelmwifos saxe-

liT dadebuli saerTaSoriso xelSekrule-

bis savaldebulod aRiarebaze Tanxmobis

gamoxatvis forma.

saqarTvelos konstituciiT, saerTaSoriso

xelSekrulebaTa da SeTanxmebaTa ratifici-

rebas axdens saqarTvelos parlamenti.

registracia (laT. registrum sia) _ raime arse-

bis, faqtisa Tu movlenis, agreTve maT Sesa-

xeb arsebuli informaciis aRricxva, doku-

menturi Cawera.

reglamenti (frang. reglament ) _ warmomadgen-lobiTi organos sxdomis, krebis, sesiisa Tu

yrilobis Catarebis wesi da am wesis damd-

geni dokumentis saxelwodeba.

121

magaliTad, saqarTvelos parlamentis reg-

lamenti kanonis Zalis mqone sakanonmdeblo

aqtia, romelic gansazRvravs parlamentis

uflebamosilebaTa ganxorcielebis wess,

proceduras, parlamentis Sinagan struqtu-

ras da savaldebuloa parlamentis yvela

wevrisaTvis, agreTve gansazRvrul farg-

lebSi _ parlamentis kontrols daqvemdeba-

rebuli yvela organosa da organizaciisaT-

vis.

religia (laT. religio win. re-dan da ligare da-

kavSireba) _ sarwmunoeba, rwmena, RmerTis

Tayvaniscema da aRiareba.

referendumi (laT. referendum rac unda auw-

yon) _ 1. aris saerTo-saxalxo gamokiTxva

kenWisyriT, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani

saxelmwifoebrivi sakiTxebis sabolood ga-

dasawyvetad. 2. referendumi xalxis Zalauf-

lebis ganxorcielebis erT-erTi formaa,

rac uzrunvelyofilia saqarTvelos kons-

tituciiTa da saqarTvelos organuli kano-

niT `referendumis Sesaxeb~. 3. referendumi

imarTeba saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze.

4. igi ewyoba sayovelTao, Tanaswori da nebis

pirdapiri gamovlenis mizniT, faruli ken-

WisyriT. 5. moqalaqeebi masSi monawileoben

uSualod da piradad. referendumSi mona-

wiles aqvs erTi xma. 6. referendumSi mona-

wileoba Tavisufalia, moqalaqeebis neba-

survilis gamovlinebisadmi kontroli da-

uSvebelia. 7. referendumi mzaddeba da imar-

122

Cvenikonstitucia

Teba Riad da sajarod. referendumis Sede-

gad miRebuli gadawyvetilebis Secvla an ga-

uqmeba SeiZleba mxolod referendumiT.

saarsebo minimumi _ erT mosaxleze samomxma-

reblo saqonlis RirebulebiTi gamoxatu-

leba, romelic qveynis socialur-ekonomi-

kuri ganviTarebis donis Sesabamisad, uz-

runvelyofs adamianis minimaluri fizio-

logiuri da socialuri moTxovnilebebis

dakmayofilebas.

saarCevno bloki _ saqarTvelos centraluri

saarCevno komisiis mier registrirebuli

ori an meti partiis gaerTianeba.

saarCevno sistema _ sazogadoebriv urTier-

TobaTa erToblioba, romelic dakavSirebu-

lia arCevnebis gziT sajaro xelisuflebis

organoebis formirebasTan.

maJoritaruli sistema _ saqarTvelos par-

lamentisa da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-

bis warmomadgenlobiTi organos _ sakrebu-

los wevrebis, gamgeblebisa da merebis ar-

Cevnebi erTmandatiani an mravalmandatiani

saarCevno olqebis mixedviT.

proporciuli sistemiT Catarebuli sapar-

lamento da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-

bis warmomadgenlobiTi organos arCevnebi

partiuli siebis safuZvelze. politikuri

partiebis mier warmodgenil siebs eyreba

kenWi da TiToeuli partiis mier mopovebuli

mandatebis raodenoba ganisazRvreba saar-

123

Cevno kvotis, ese igi, im xmebis raodenobis

mixedviT, rac erTi deputatis asarCevadaa

saWiro.

sabaJo organoebi _ saxelmwifo organoebi,

romlebic uSualod axorcieleben sabaJo

saqmianobas. saqarTveloSi sabaJo saqmiano-

bas axorcielebs samarTaldamcavi organos

statusis mqone sabaJo departamenti, rome-

lic Sedis saqarTvelos finansTa saminis-

tros SemadgenlobaSi.

sabraldebo daskvna _ braldebulisadmi waye-

nebuli braldebis mokle werilobiTi aRwe-

ra da braldebulis samarTalSi micemis sa-

fuZveli.

sagadasaxado kodeqsi _ kodificirebuli sa-

kanonmdeblo aqti, romelic gansazRvravs

saqarTvelos sagadasaxado sistemis formi-

rebisa da funqcionirebis zogad principebs,

gadasaxadis gadamxdelebisa da sagadasaxa-

do organoebis samarTlebriv mdgomareobas,

sagadasaxado samarTaldarRvevis saxeebs,

sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis darRvevisaT-

vis pasuxismgeblobas, sagadasaxado organo-

ebisa da maTi Tanamdebobis pirebis aramar-

Tlzomier qmedebaTa gasaCivrebis wessa da

pirobebs, sagadasaxado davis gadawyvetis

wess, aregulirebs sagadasaxado valdebu-

lebebis SesrulebasTan dakavSirebul sa-

marTlebriv urTierTobebs.

sagadasaxado kodeqsi miRebulia 2004 wlis

22 dekembers.

124

Cvenikonstitucia

sagangebo mdgomareoba _ saxelmwifo xeli-

suflebisa da mmarTvelobis organoebis da-

wesebulebebis, sawarmoebisa da organizaci-

ebis saqmianobis kanoniT dadgenili dro-

ebiTi sagangebo reJimi, romlis drosac iz-

Rudeba moqalaqeTa garkveuli uflebebi da

ekisrebaT maT damatebiTi valdebulebani.

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad,

sagangebo mdgomareoba cxaddeba saqarTve-

los moqalaqeTa usafrTxoebis uzrunvel-

yofis interesebisaTvis omianobis Tu masob-

rivi areulobis, qveynis teritoriuli mTli-

anobis xelyofis, samxedro gadatrialebisa

Tu SeiaraRebuli amboxebis, ekologiuri ka-

tastrofebisa da epidemiebis dros, stiqiur

ubedurebaTa, didi avariebis, epizootiebis

an sxva SemTxvevebSi, roca saxelmwifo xeli-

suflebis organoebi moklebulni arian kon-

stituciur uflebamosilebaTa normaluri

ganxorcielebis SesaZleblobas.

saqarTvelos prezidenti sagangebo mdgoma-

reobas acxadebs qveynis mTel teritoriaze

an mis romelime nawilSi da es gadawyveti-

leba araugvianes 48 saaTisa Seaqvs parlamen-

tSi dasamtkiceblad. sagangebo mdgomare-

obis gamocxadebis mizania viTarebis uswra-

fesi normalizacia, kanonierebisa da marT-

lwesrigis aRdgena.

saerTaSoriso organizacia _ saerTaSoriso

saxelmwifoTaSoriso an mTavrobaTaSorisi

organizacia.

125

saerTaSoriso samarTali _ saerTaSoriso sa-

xelSekrulebo da Cveulebrivi normebis er-

Toblioba, romelic gamoxatavs saxelmwifo-

Ta SeTanxmebul nebas da awesrigebs maT So-

ris TanamSromlobasa da urTierTobebs, ro-

gorc mSvidobian periodSi, ise omianobis

dros.

saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba _ saxelmwifoTa

an saerTaSoriso samarTlis sxva subieqte-

bis SeTanxmeba politikur, ekonomikur Tu

sxva urTierTobebSi maTi urTierTuflebe-

bisa da movaleobebis dadgenis, Secvlisa Tu

Sewyvetis Sesaxeb. saerTaSoriso xelSekru-

leba saerTaSoriso samarTlis ZiriTadi

wyaroa.

saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba moicavs yvela

saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebas: xelSekrulebas,

SeTanxmebas, paqts, traqtats, deklaracias,

konvencias, komunikes da a.S.

saerTosasamarTlo_saqarTveloSi saerTokom-

petenciis sasamarTlo,romelic axorcielebs

sisxlis, samoqalaqo da administraciul saq-

meTa ganxilvas. saerTo sasamarTloebia: ra-

ionuli (saqalaqo) sasamarTlo, saolqo sasa-

marTlo, afxazeTisa da aWaris avtonomiuri

respublikebis umaRlesi sasamarTloebi, sa-

qarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo. saerTo

sasamarTloebis sistema erTiania.

sakanonmdeblo iniciativa _ sakanonmdeblo

procesis stadia, rac niSnavs kompetenturi

organoebisa da subieqtebis mier kanonpro-

eqtebis sakanonmdeblo organoSi wardgenas.

126

Cvenikonstitucia

sakonstitucio sasamarTlo _ sakonstitucio

kontrolis sasamarTlo organo, romelic

uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelos konstituciis

uzenaesobas, konstituciur kanonierebasa

da adamianis konstituciuri uflebebisa da

Tavisuflebebis dacvas. saqarTvelos sakons-

titucio sasamarTlos iurisdiqcia vrcel-

deba saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze.

sakonstitucio sasamarTlo Sedgeba cxra

wevrisagan. maTgan sams niSnavs prezidenti,

sams irCevs parlamenti, xolo sams niSnavs

uzenaesi sasamarTlo. sakonstitucio sasa-

marTlos wevris uflebamosileba 10 welia.

sakuTrebis ufleba _ mesakuTris ufleba, ka-

noniTa da saxelSekrulebo valdebulebiT

dadgenil farglebSi Tavisuflad flobdes

da sargeblobdes qonebiT (nivTiT), ar dauS-

vas sxva pirTa mier am qonebiT sargebloba,

gankargos igi, Tuki amiT ar ilaxeba mezob-

lebis an sxva mesame pirTa uflebebi, anda,

Tu es moqmedeba ar warmoadgens uflebis bo-

rotad gamoyenebas.

samarTaldarRveva _ moqmedeba an umoqmedoba,

romelic arRvevs kanoniTa da sxva norma-

tiuli aqtebiT dadgenil qcevis wess, zians

ayenebs samarTliT dacul sazogadoebriv

urTierTobebs. samarTaldarRvevas warmo-

adgens mxolod marTlsawinaaRmdego qceva.

samarTaldarRveva ar aris qceva, romelic

ar arRvevs, ar ewinaaRmdegeba samarTleb-

rivi normebiT dadgenil normebs, Tumca,

127

zneobis TvalsazrisiT, SeiZleba gasakicxi

da dasagmobi iyos.

samarTali _ saxelmwifos mier Tavisi miznebisa

da amocanebis Sesabamisad dadgenili norme-

bis an sanqcirebuli qcevis savaldebulo we-

sebis erToblioba, romlis dacva uzrunvel-

yofilia darwmunebiT an saxelmwifoebrivi

iZulebiT.

samarTlis normebi an dadgenilia, an sanqci-

rebuli. saxelmwifo an axal, manamde ucnob

normebs adgens, an sanqcias aZlevs, ese igi,

savaldebulo Zalas aniWebs ukve cnobil,

zneobrivi Tu sxva socialuri normebis sa-

xiT moqmed normebs. samarTlebrivi norme-

bis dacva da Sesruleba savaldebuloa yve-

lasaTvis, visac isini exeba. samarTlis moT-

xovnebi Tu nebayoflobiTa da darwmunebis

meTodebiT ar sruldeba, saxelmwifo uz-

runvelyofs maT iZulebiT Sesrulebas, sa-

marTaldarRvevis mimarT iZulebiTi xasi-

aTis RonisZiebebis gamoyenebas.

samarTali awesrigebs saxelmwifo, sazoga-

doebrivi Tu piradi cxovrebisa da saqmi-

anobis sxvadasxva, formiTa da SinaarsiT

gansxvavebul urTierTobas.

samarTlebrivi saxelmwifo _ demokratiuli

saxelmwifo, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebeli

da niSandoblivia: kanonis uzenaesoba, xeli-

suflebis danawileba, adamianis uflebebis

dacva.

samarTlebriv saxelmwifoSi saxelmwifo xe-

128

Cvenikonstitucia

lisufleba xorcieldeba kanonis safuZvel-

ze da kanonis CarCoebSi. kanonisa da sasamar-

Tlos winaSe yvela Tanasworia, kanonis moT-

xovnebi Tanabrad savaldebuloa saxelmwifo

organoebis, Tanamdebobis pirebisa da moqa-

laqeebisaTvis. saxelmwifo xelisufleba

xorcieldeba xelisuflebis danawilebis

principis safuZvelze; dauSvebelia sakanon-

mdeblo, aRmasrulebeli da sasamarTlo

funqciebis aRreva. umaRles socialur Ri-

rebulebad miCneulia adamiani, misi Rirseba,

uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi.

saministro _ kanonis safuZvelze, saxelmwi-

foebrivi da sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis gan-

sazRvrul sferoSi saxelmwifo mmarTvelo-

bis uzrunvelsayofad Seqmnili saxelmwifo

organo.

saministros xelmZRvanelobs ministri. sa-

ministros mmarTvelobis sfero ganisazR-

vreba saministros debulebiT.

samxedro valdebuleba _ saqarTvelos kanonm-

deblobiT, saqarTvelos dacva 18-dan 27

wlamde asakis saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqis

movaleobaa. samxedro valdebulebis moxdis

forma ganisazRvreba kanoniT.

samxedro valdebuleba iTvaliswinebs: sam-

xedro aRricxvas, samxedro samsaxurisaTvis

momzadebas, samxedro samsaxurs, rezervs.

samxedro samsaxurSi myofni iwodebian sam-

xedro mosamsaxureebad, xolo rezervSi

myofni _ rezervistebad. samxedro samsaxur-

129

Si gawveuli moqalaqe debs samxedro fics,

romlis teqsts amtkicebs saqarTvelos par-

lamenti.

18-dan 27 wlamde asakis saqarTvelos moqa-

laqe, romelic imyofeba an valdebulia im-

yofebodes samxedro aRricxvaze da ara aqvs

samxedro samsaxurSi gawvevisagan gaTavi-

suflebis an gawvevis gadavadebis ufleba _

eqvemdebareba samxedro valdebulebis mox-

das.

samxedro wodebebi _ samxedro Zalebis mosam-

saxureTa da maTTan gaTanabrebul pirTaT-

vis Tanamdebobrivi mdgomareobisa da namsa-

xurebisaTvis dawesebuli wodebebi.

saomari mdgomareoba _ SeiaraRebuli Tavdas-

xmis SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifos mTelterito-

riaze gansakuTrebuli wesebis gamocxadeba,

rac Seesabameba qveynis Tavdacvis intere-

sebs.

saqarTveloSi saomari mdgomareoba cxadde-

ba saqarTvelos konstituciiTa da saqarT-

velos 1997 wlis 31 oqtombris kanoniT `sa-

omari mdgomareobis Sesaxeb~ da miznad isa-

xavs qveynis teritoriuli mTlianobis, sa-

xelmwifo uSiSroebisa da sazogadoebrivi

wesrigis dacvis uzrunvelyofas. saqarT-

velos teritoriaze saomar mdgomareobas

acxadebs saqarTvelos prezidenti, romlis

mier gamocemul brZanebulebaSi unda aRi-

niSnos aseTi gadawyvetilebis motivi da va-

da.

130

Cvenikonstitucia

saparlamento komisia _ saqarTvelos parla-

mentis droebiTi organo, romelic iqmneba

parlamentis gadawyvetilebiT parlamentis

reglamentiT calkeuli sakiTxebis Sesaswav-

lad da gadawyvetilebis proeqtis mosamza-

deblad.

saparlamento fraqcia _ parlamentis wevrTa

nebayoflobiTi gaerTianeba, romelic Seqm-

nilia parlamentis wevrTa mier.

fraqciis Camoyalibebis ufleba aqvs parla-

mentis aranakleb 10 wevrs, romelTa ufle-

bamosileba dadasturebulia parlamentis

mier. parlamentis wevri SeiZleba gaerTian-

des mxolod erT fraqciaSi. dauSvebelia

fraqciis saxiT parlamentis wevrTa iseTi

gaerTianebis Camoyalibeba, romelic miznad

isaxavs piradi, profesiuli, adgilobrivi an

religiuri interesebis dacvas.

sarCeli _ samoqalaqo administraciul pro-

cesSi darRveuli Tu sadavo uflebis an sxva

kanonieri interesis sasamarTlo wesiT dac-

vis Sesaxeb moTxovna, romelic warmoadgens

pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi saqmis aRZ-

vris safuZvels.

sasamarTlo _ saxelmwifo organo, romelic

kanoniT dadgenili wesiT axorcielebs sa-

samarTlo xelisuflebas. saqarTveloSi am

funqcias axorcielebs sakonstitucio sasa-

marTlo da saerTo sasamarTloebi. maTi

sistema da samarTalwarmoebis wesi dadge-

nilia kanoniT.

131

sasamarTlo xelisufleba _ xelisuflebis

damoukidebeli sfero, romelic sakanon-

mdeblo da aRmasrulebel xelisuflebasTan

erTad qmnis erTian saxelmwifo sajaro

xelisuflebas.

sasjeli _ sasamarTlos ganaCeniT damnaSavi-

saTvis daniSnuli saxelmwifo iZulebiTi Ro-

nisZieba, romlis mizania samarTlianobis aR-

dgena, axali danaSaulis Tavidan acileba da

damnaSavis resocializacia.

sasjelis saxeebia: jarima, Tanamdebobis da-

kavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeva,

sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo Sroma, ga-

masworebeli samuSao, samxedro piris samsa-

xurebrivi SezRudva, Tavisuflebis SezRud-

va, tusaRoba, vadiani Tavisuflebis aRkveTa,

uvado Tavisuflebis aRkveTa.

saqarTvelos mTavroba _ saqarTvelos kanonm-

deblobis Sesabamisad uzrunvelyofs aRmas-

rulebeli xelisuflebis, qveynis saSinao da

sagareo politikis ganxorcielebas. mTav-

roba Tavisi saqmianobiT pasuxismgebelia

saqarTvelos prezidentisa da parlamentis

winaSe.

saqarTvelos prezidenti _ aris saqarTvelos

saxelmwifos meTauri. igi warmarTavs da

axorcielebs saxelmwifos saSinao da saga-

reo politikas; uzrunvelyofs qveynis er-

Tianobasa da mTlianobas, saxelmwifo orga-

noTa saqmianobas konstituciis Sesabamisad.

132

Cvenikonstitucia

prezidenti umaRlesi warmomadgenelia sa-

gareo urTierTobebSi. igi aris SeiaraRe-

buli Zalebis umaRlesi mTavarsardali.

saxalxo damcveli _ saqarTveloSi parlamen-

tis mier 5 wlis vadiT arCeuli Tanamdebobis

piri, romelic saqarTvelos konstituciiT,

saqarTvelos 1996 wlis 16 maisis organuli

kanoniT `saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb~ da sxva

sakanonmdeblo aqtebiT dadgenil fargleb-

Si, adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa

dacvisa da saxelmwifos mier maTi uzrun-

velyofis mizniT, zedamxedvelobs saxelm-

wifo xelisuflebis, adgilobrivi TviTm-

marTvelobis organoebis Tanamdebobis da

iuridiul pirTa saqmianobas, afasebs maT

mier miRebul aqtebs, aZlevs rekomenda-

ciebsa da winadadebebs.

saxelmwifo _ gansazRvrul teritoriaze ar-

sebuli sajaro xelisufleba, romelic ad-

gens yvelasaTvis savaldebulo qcevis we-

sebs da gansakuTrebuli aparatis meSveobiT

axorcielebs Tavis suverenul uflebamo-

silebas, uzrunvelyofs kanonierebas, sazo-

gadoebriv wesrigsa da mTlianobas.

saxelmwifo sazogadoebis politikuri xe-

lisuflebis organizaciaa. am xelisuflebas

sajaro ewodeba imitom, rom moqmedebs xal-

xis saxeliT. igi saxelmwifo xelisuflebaa,

radganac xorcieldeba saxelmwifos gansa-

kuTrebuli organoebis meSveobiT, saWiro

SemTxvevaSi iZulebiTi RonisZiebebis gamo-

133

yenebiT. saxelmwifo xelisufleba xorciel-

deba gansazRvruli teritoriis farglebSi,

vrceldeba am saxelmwifos moqalaqeebze da

mis teritoriaze mudmivad Tu droebiT

myof yvela sxva adamianze. saxelmwifo xe-

lisufleba iqmneba da xorcieldeba samar-

Tlebrivi normebis safuZvelze da fargleb-

Si. mxolod sajaro xelisuflebaa ufleba-

mosili, ganaxorcielos samarTalSemoqme-

deba, daadginos yvelasaTvis savaldebulo

qcevis wesebi, uzrunvelyos maTi dacva da

Sesruleba, gamoiyenos iZulebiTi xasiaTis

RonisZiebebi. saxelmwifo xelisufleba su-

verenulia rogorc qveynis SigniT, ise mis

farglebs gareT, xorcieldeba Tavisuflad,

yvela sxva xelisuflebisagan damoukideb-

lad.

saxelmwifo gerbi (germ. arbi , polon. herb miwa,miwis floba, miwis memkvidreobiToba) _

warmoadgens saxelmwifoebriobis koncent-

rirebul gamosaxulebas. igi erTgvari xato-

vani manifestia imis Sesaxeb, Tu politikuri,

istoriuli, teritoriuli da samarTleb-

rivi TvalsazrisiT, ras warmoadgens qveyana,

ra ZiriTadi idea gansazRvravs mis arse-

bobas. gerbis miReba da dakanoneba xdeba ar-

sebuli umaRlesi xelisuflebis mier.

gerbis mTavari damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebaa

masSi gamoxatuli memkvidreobiToba.

gerbi aucileblad unda emorCilebodes he-

raldikuri mecnierebis mkacr kanonebs.

134

Cvenikonstitucia

saxelmwifo droSa _ saxelmwifos erT-erTi

oficialuri simbolo, misi suverenitetis

gamoxatuleba. aRimarTeba parlamentis, me-

riis, saelCos da sxva saxelmwifo dawesebu-

lebebis Senobaze.

saxelmwifo ena _ ZiriTadi ena, romelsac iye-

neben saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi, saqmis

warmoebaSi, samarTalwarmoebaSi da sxva

oficialur struqturebsa da urTierTo-

bebSi. saxelmwifo enis statuss, rogorc we-

si, gansazRvravs qveynis konstitucia. saqar-

Tvelos saxelmwifo ena aris qarTuli, xolo

afxazeTSi _ agreTve afxazuri.

saxelmwifo ministri _ iniSneba saqarTvelos

premier-ministris mier (prezidentTan Se-

TanxmebiT) gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis

amocanebis Sesasruleblad.

saxelmwifo sazRvari _ faqtobrivi Tu warmo-

saxviTi xazi da am xazis gaswvriv gamavali

vertikaluri sibrtye, romelic saxelmwi-

fos teritorias (xmeleTi, wyali, wiaRi, sa-

haero sivrce) gamoyofs mosazRvre saxel-

mwifos teritoriisagan. saqarTvelos sa-

xelmwifo sazRvris samarTlebrivi reJimi

gansazRvrulia saqarTvelos 1998 wlis 17

ivlisis kanoniT `saqarTvelos saxelmwifo

sazRvris Sesaxeb~.

saxelmwifo jildoebi _ saqarTvelos kanonm-

deblobiT, saqarTvelos im moqalaqeTa da-

135

jildoeba ordenebiTa da medlebiT, romel-

Tac gmiroba, mamacoba gamoiCines samSoblos

dacvisa da erTianobisaTvis brZolaSi, gan-

sakuTrebuli piradi wvlili miuZRviT da-

moukidebeli qarTuli saxelmwifos mSeneb-

lobaSi. saxelmwifo jildoebis miniWebis

wesi gansazRvrulia saqarTvelos parlamen-

tis dadgenilebiT damtkicebuli debule-

biT `saqarTvelos saxelmwifo jildoebis _

ordenebisa da medlebis Sesaxeb~.

saxelmwifo himni _ poetur-musikaluri nawar-

moebi, adidebs samSoblos, saxelmwifos,

istoriul movlenebsa da mis gmirebs. himni

saxelmwifos erT-erTi oficialuri simbo-

loa, romelic sruldeba alionze da dRis

damTavrebisas, sazeimo, samgloviaro da sxva

ceremonialze.

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo himnis teqsti da

musika damtkicebulia `saxelmwifo himnis

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 2004 wlis 21 maisis

organuli kanoniT.

saxelmwifos Tavdacva _ politikur, ekonomi-

kur, samxedro, socialur, samarTlebriv da

sxva RonisZiebaTa erToblioba, rac uzrun-

velyofs saxelmwifos, misi mosaxleobis, te-

ritoriisa da suverenitetis dacvas Seiara-

Rebuli Tavdasxmisagan.

saxelmwifos meTauri _ saxelmwifos umaRlesi

Tanamdebobis piri, romelic saxelmwifos

warmoadgens saSinao Tu sagareo urTierTo-

136

Cvenikonstitucia

bebSi. igi aRWurvilia farTo uflebamosi-

lebiT, ayalibebs mTavrobas, aris SeiaraRe-

buli Zalebis umaRlesi mTavarsardali,

iwvevs parlamentis sesiebs, axdens msjavr-

debulTa Sewyalebas, xels awers da aqveynebs

kanonebs, gamoscems dekretebs.

saxelmwifos teritoria _ dedamiwis nawili,

romelzec vrceldeba gansazRvruli saxel-

mwifos suvereniteti. saxelmwifo terito-

ria moicavs xmeleTsTavisi wiaRiTda wylebs,

agreTve maT zeviT arsebul sahaero sivrces.

saxmeleTo da wylis teritoriis qveS arse-

buli wiaRi mocemuli saxelmwifos kuT-

vnilebaa teqnikurad misawvdom sazRvramde.

saxelmwifos Ralati _ saqarTvelos kanonm-

deblobiT, saqarTvelos moqalaqis an saqar-

TveloSi mudmivad mcxovreb moqalaqeobis

armqone piris mier Cadenili saqarTvelos

konstituciuri wyobilebisa da uSiSroebis

safuZvlebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli Semdegi

danaSaulebi: saqarTvelos teritoriuli

xelSeuxeblobis darRveva; antikonstitu-

ciuri xelSekrulebis dadeba an molapara-

kebis warmoeba; saqarTvelos sagareo uSiS-

roebis xelyofa; ucxoeTis sadazvervo sam-

saxurSi Sesvla; saqarTvelos Tavdacvisuna-

rianobis xelyofa; saxelmwifo saidumlo-

ebis gacema; jaSuSoba; SeTqmuleba an ambo-

xeba saqarTvelos konstituciuri wyobile-

bis ZaladobiT Sesacvlelad; sabotaJi; uc-

xo qveynisaTvis, ucxoeTis an ucxoeTis kon-

trols daqvemdebarebuli organizaciebi-

saTvis mtrul saqmianobaSi daxmareba.

137

sahaero sivrce _ saqarTvelos saxelmwifo te-

ritoriis vertikalurad mdebare sivrce

(atmosfero), romelzedac saerTaSoriso sa-

marTlis sayovelTaod aRiarebuli norme-

biTa da saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSek-

rulebebiTa da SeTanxmebebiT vrceldeba

saqarTvelos suvereniteti.

senati _ parlamentis zeda palata, romelic

saqarTveloSi orpalatiani parlamentis

Seqmnis SemTxvevaSi Seiqmneba.

sesia (laT. sessio sxdoma) _ warmomadgenlo-

biTi organos, saerTaSoriso organizaciis,

samecniero da sxva organizaciebis konfe-

renciebis muSaobis periodi.

warmomadgenlobiTi organos, ZiriTadad,

parlamentis sesia SeiZleba iyos morigi,

sagangebo, riggareSe da eqstraordinaruli.

sisxlis samarTlis pasuxisgebaSi micema _

damnaSavis mxileba da kanonis swori gamoye-

nebiT misi samarTlianad dasjis uzrunvel-

yofa. danaSaulis Cadenis gamo damnaSavem

pasuxi unda agos Cadenili qmedebisaTvis,

xolo saxelmwifos ufleba eZleva, pasuxi

agebinos damnaSaves, Seufardos mas kanoniT

gaTvaliswinebuli sasjeli. am uflebamosi-

lebas saxelmwifo axorcielebs specialuri

organoebis meSveobiT, romlebic kanoniT

dadgenili wesiT aRZraven sisxlis samar-

Tlis saqmes, atareben winaswar gamoZiebas,

pasuxisgebaSi aZleven da sjian damnaSaves.

138

Cvenikonstitucia

sityvis Tavisufleba _ adamianis erT-erTi

mniSvnelovani politikuri ufleba. sityvis,

azris, sindisis, aRmsareblobis, rwmenis Ta-

visuflebebi mWidro kavSirSia erTmaneTTan,

konstituciaSic erT muxlSia CamoTvlili

da gaTanabrebulia maTi dacvis samarTleb-

rivi reJimi. sityvis Tavisuflebis xelyofa

danaSaulia da isjeba sisxlis samarTlis we-

siT.

standarti (ingl. standard ) _ uflebamosiliorganos mier damtkicebuli dokumenti. igi

sayovelTao da mravaljeradi gamoyenebi-

saTvis adgens wesebs, zogad principebsa da

maxasiaTeblebs saqonlis, masTan dakavSire-

buli procesebisa da warmoebis meTodebi-

saTvis, romelTa dacva savaldebulo ar

aris. standarti agreTve SeiZleba moicavdes

an eqskluziurad exebodes terminologiis,

simboloebis, SefuTvis, niSandebis an eti-

ketebis moTxovnebs saqonlis, procesis an

warmoebis meTodis mimarT.

statusi (laT. status mdgomareoba) _ samarT-

lis subieqtis samarTlebrivi normebiT

dadgenili mdgomareoba, misi uflebebisa da

movaleobebis erToblioba.

suvereniteti (germ. souveranitat ) _ xelisuf-lebis uzenaesoba da damoukidebloba. sa-

xelmwifo samarTlis mecnierebaSi asxvave-

ben saxelmwifo, erovnul da saxalxo suve-

renitets.

139

saxelmwifo suvereniteti niSnavs saxelm-

wifo xelisuflebis uzenaesobas, rogorc

qveynis SigniT, ise mis farglebs gareT.

erovnul suverenitets uwodeben eris srul-

uflebianobas, mis politikur Tavisufle-

basa da realur SesaZleblobebs, gansazR-

vros Tavisi cxovrebis xasiaTi politikuri

TviTgamorkvevisa da damoukidebeli saxel-

mwifos Seqmnis CaTvliT.

saxalxo suvereniteti aris xalxis srulZa-

lauflebianoba, misi uflebamosileba, re-

alurad monawileobdes saxelmwifoebrivi

da sazogadoebrivi saqmeebis marTvaSi.

teritoriuli wylebi (teritoriuli zRva) _

sazRvao zoli, romelic akravs saxelmwifos

napirebs da romelzedac vrceldeba am sa-

xelmwifos suvereniteti. saxelmwifo Tvi-

Ton gansazRvravs Tavisi teritoriuli

wylebis siganes saerTaSoriso samarTlis

CveulebiT damkvidrebuli zolis farg-

lebSi (3-dan 12-mde sazRvao mili), romelic

aiTvleba zRvis ukiduresi miqcevis xazidan.

saqarTvelos teritoriul wylebs miekuTv-

neba Savi zRvis sanapiro wylebis nawili,

romlis siganea 12 sazRvao mili da aiTvleba

im wertilebis SemaerTebeli swori amosava-

li xazebidan, romelTa koordinatebs sa-

xelmwifo sazRvris dacvis saxelmwifo de-

partamentis wardginebiT amtkicebs saqar-

Tvelos prezidenti.

140

Cvenikonstitucia

tranziti (laT. transitus gavla) _ saxelmwifos

sabaJo teritoriaze sabaJo kontroliT

produqciis gadaadgileba.

udanaSauloba _ braldebuli udanaSaulod

iTvleba, vidre misi braleuloba ar damt-

kicdeba kanoniT dadgenili wesiT da kano-

nier ZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlos ganaCeniT.

aravin ar aris valdebuli, amtkicos Tavisi

udanaSauloba.

uzenaesi sasamarTlo _ saqarTvelos mTel te-

ritoriaze marTlmsajulebis ganxorciele-

bis umaRlesi da saboloo instanciis sasa-

marTlo.

uzenaesi sasamarTlo dadgenili saproceso

formiT zedamxedvelobs marTlmsajulebis

ganxorcielebas saqarTvelos saerTo sasa-

marTloebSi, pirveli instanciiT ganixilavs

kanoniT gansazRvrul saqmeebs, ganixilavs

sakasacio saCivrebs qvemdgomi sasamarTlo-

ebis gadawyvetilebebze, axorcielebs kano-

niT gaTvaliswinebul sxva uflebamosile-

bas.

ufleba _ fizikuri da iuridiuli pirisaTvis

kanoniTa Tu sxva normatiuli aqtiT miniWe-

buli da garantirebuli garkveuli qcevis

SesaZlebloba, uflebamosileba. uflebas,

rogorc wesi, Seesabameba sxva pirTa garkve-

uli qcevis movaleoba.

141

finansebi (frang. finance < laT. financia Semo-

savali) _ yvela fuladi saSualebis erTob-

lioba, romelsac gankargavs piri, sawarmo,

saxelmwifo, agreTve misi Camoyalibebis,

ganawilebisa da gamoyenebis sistema.

fiskaluri (< laT. fiscalis saxazino) _ rac

fiskis, anu saxelmwifo xazinis interesebs

exeba. Sesabamisad, fiskaluri politika aris

sagadasaxado-sabiujeto politika da saga-

dasaxado sistemasa da saxelmwifo xarjebis

struqturis saTanado marTviT ekonomikur

aqtivobaze zemoqmedebis meqanizmi.

fici _ raime Tanamdebobaze arCeuli an daniS-

nuli piris (prezidenti, mosamarTle, saxal-

xo damcveli da a.S.), agreTve raime samarT-

lebrivi urTierTobis monawilis (magali-

Tad, samxedro mosamsaxure) sazeimo dapi-

reba, rom keTilsindisierad Seasrulebs

masze dakisrebul movaleobas.

fuli _ sayovelTao ekvivalenti, romelic sa-

marTlebriv urTierTobebSi ixmareba nivTi-

sa Tu aramaterialuri qonebrivi sikeTis

Rirebulebis gamoxatvis saSualebad.

qalaqi _ administraciul-teritoriuli da-

yofis erTeuli. saqarTveloSi qalaqi Sedis

raionis SemadgenlobaSi. aris qalaqebi, rom-

lebic aseT SemadgenlobaSi ar Sedis. esenia:

Tbilisi, baTumi, soxumi, quTaisi, rusTavi,

foTi da cxinvali. zogi qalaqi dayofilia

raionebad.

142

Cvenikonstitucia

qmeduunaro _ fizikuri piris uunaroba, Tavisi

nebiTa da moqmedebiT SeiZinos da ganaxor-

cielos samoqalaqo uflebebi da movale-

obebi.

qmeduunarod miiCneva aseve piri, romelic

Wkuasustobis an suliT avadmyofobis gamo

sasamarTlos mier aseTad iqna aRiarebuli.

qmeduunaroa agreTve 7 wlamde asakis aras-

rulwlovani (mcirewlovani). qmeduunaro

piris uflebebs axorcielebs misi kanonieri

warmomadgeneli (meurve).

qoneba _ samoqalaqo samarTalSi yvela nivTi

da aramaterialuri qonebrivi sikeTe, ro-

melTa floba, sargebloba da gankargva Se-

uZliaT fizikur da iuridiul pirebs da

romlis SeZenac SeiZleba SeuzRudavad, Tuki

es akrZaluli ar aris kanoniT an ar ewinaaR-

mdegeba zneobriv normebs.

qorwineba _ ojaxis Seqmnis mizniT qalisa da

mamakacis nebayoflobiTi da registrire-

buli kavSiri. daqorwinebisaTvis aucilebe-

lia saqorwino asaki da dasaqorwinebel pir-

Ta Tanxmoba.

Sekreba _ saqarTvelos konstituciiT aRiare-

buli erT-erTi mniSvnelovani politikuri

ufleba _ winaswari nebarTvis gareSe Seik-

ribon sajarod da uiaraRod. es ufleba ar

vrceldeba samxedro Zalebis, uSiSroebis

samsaxuris, policiisa da finansuri poli-

ciis SemadgenlobaSi myof pirebze.

143

Sewyaleba _ msjavrdebulis gaTavisufleba

sasjelis Semdgomi moxdisagan, anda misTvis

daniSnuli sasjelis Semcireba an Secvla

ufro msubuqi sasjeliT. saqarTveloSi Sew-

yalebas axorcielebs saqarTvelos prezi-

denti individualurad gansazRvruli piris

mimarT. Sewyalebis aqtiT sasjelmoxdils

SeiZleba moexsnas nasamarTlobac.

Cveneba _ sisxlis samarTlis processa da sa-

moqalaqo procesSi erT-erTi mtkicebuleba,

romlis safuZvelzec dgindeba saqmeze swo-

ri gadawyvetilebis misaRebad saWiro ga-

remoebebi. Cvenebas iZlevian eWvmitanili,

braldebuli, dazaralebuli da mowme. Cve-

nebis miReba Zaladobis, muqaris, motyuebis,

SantaJis, pirovnebis abuCad agdebis an sxva

ukanono meTodebis gamoyenebiT danaSaulia

da isjeba kanoniT. danaSaulia agreTve mow-

misa da dazaralebulis mier winaswari Sec-

nobiT cru Cvenebis micema an Cvenebis mice-

maze uaris Tqma.

Cxreka _ sisxlis samarTlis procesSi sagamo-

Ziebo moqmedeba, romelic tardeba im iara-

Ris, sagnis aRmosaCenad da amosaRebad, ra-

sac danaSaulis kvali atyvia, agreTve dana-

Saulebrivi gziT mopovebuli nivTis, fase-

ulobis, sxva sagnisa da dokumentis aRmosa-

Cenad, romlebic saWiroa saqmis garemoebaTa

gasarkvevad, agreTve Zebnili pirisa da gva-

mis aRmosaCenad. Cxreka tardeba mosamar-

Tlis brZanebiT, romelic gaicema momkv-

144

Cvenikonstitucia

levis, gamomZieblis, prokuroris Suamdgom-

lobis safuZvelze. Cxreka tardeba dams-

wreTa, xolo saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi speci-

alistis monawileobiT. Cxrekis Sesaxeb dge-

ba oqmi kanoniT dadgenili wesiT.

cenzura (laT. censura ) _ xelisuflebis meT-valyureoba nabeWd produqciaze, sasceno

dadgmebze, radio- da telegadacemebze, xo-

lo zogjer kerZo mimoweris Semowmeba, raTa

ar dauSvan an SezRudon xelisuflebisaTvis

miuRebeli mankieri da mavne informaciis

gavrceleba. demokratiuli qveynebis kanon-

mdebloba aRiarebs informaciis Tavisuf-

lebas da krZalavs cenzuras.

wodeba _ kanoniT an sxva uflebamosili or-

ganos mier dadgenili saxelwodeba, rome-

lic adasturebs calkeuli moqalaqisa Tu

koleqtivis damsaxurebas, profesiul-sam-

saxurebriv, samecniero an sxvagvari kvali-

fikaciis oficialur aRiarebas. wodebebi

arsebobs samxedro, samecniero, sapatio da

a. S.

145

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Our Constitution · PDF filetermini uZvelesi droidan, jer kidev romis imperiiskanonmdeblobidanixmareboda.‘kon- ... alod moqmedi samarTali, rac imas niSnavs, rom xelisuflebis ganxorcielebisas,