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ZONA TERBANGUN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN

GREEN MANMADE

AREAS

Mk. LANDUSE PLANNINGSoemarno- ppsub 2 maret 2013

Peredam Cahaya SilauKeefektifan pohon meredam dan

melunakkan cahaya matahari tergantung pada ukuran dan kerapatannya.

Jenis pohon dapat dipilih berdasarkan ketinggian maupun kerimbunan

tajuknya.

What is a Green Building?

Sustainable or “green building” design and

construction is the opportunity to use our resources more efficiently while creating

healthier and more energy-efficient homes.

Although there is no magic formula, success comes in the

form a leaving a lighter footprint on the environment

through conservation of resources, while at the same

time balancing energy-efficient, cost-effective, low-

maintenance products  for our construction needs.

FOTO: smno.kampus.ub.jul2012

The green design  involves finding the delicate balance between

homebuilding and the sustainable environment.

Zona-terbangun Ramah Lingkungan?

As the green philosophy continues to grow, specifiers will increasingly face pressures to use or not to use certain

products. In a handful of states, proposed regulatory language and tax incentives have already been introduced to

incorporate, or not to incorporate, certain products based on “green” attributes. However, specifiers are cautioned to focus

less on products, and more on a sum of the products as a whole.

The benefits of plastic, with its lightweight and airtight properties, provide specifiers an alternative to some of the

hard-to-find raw materials. With a greater understanding of the variety of plastic compounds and products, specifiers will

have new options for sustainable design efforts.

Green buildingGreen building is the

practice of increasing the efficiency with which

buildings and their sites use and harvest energy, water,

and materials, and reducing building impacts on human health and the environment, through better siting, design,

construction, operation, maintenance, and removal —

the complete building life cycle.

www.treehugger.com/2007/08/26-week/

Green building is also sometimes known as sustainable building or environmental building, although the terms are sometimes defined

or used differently. A similar concept is natural building,

which is usually on a smaller scale and tends to focus on the

use of natural materials that are available locally.

Other commonly used terms include sustainable design and green architecture; however,

while good design is essential to green building, the actual

operation, maintenance, and ultimate disposal or

deconstruction of the building also have very significant effects

on buildings' overall environmental impact.

www.sustainablecitiesnet.com/.../

GREEN BUILDING

blog.cravingstogo.com/category/blog/go-green/

Diminishing natural resources, pollution,

and the ever increasing price of gasoline are just a

few motivating reasons to recycle

and protect our fragile environment.

One way responsible

corporations have taken the green

initiative is through environmentally

sustainable building practices and

materials.

The practice of green building can lead to benefits including :

1. reduced operating costs by increasing productivity and using less energy and water,

2. improved public and occupant health due to improved indoor air quality, and

3. reduced environment impacts by, lessening storm water runoff and the heat island effect.

www.envspgroup.com/Services/air_quality.htm

Green building is an essential component of the related

concepts of sustainable design, sustainable development and

general sustainability.Practitioners of green building often seek to achieve not only

ecological but aesthetic harmony between a structure

and its surrounding natural and built environment.

The appearance and style of sustainable homes and buildings can be nearly

indistinguishable from their less sustainable counterparts.

Sustainable design strives to balance development, social

equality, ecology, and economics.

www.erdc.usace.army.mil/pls/erdcpub/www_fact_...

Green building is increasingly being

governed and driven by

standards, such as

the Leadership in Energy and

Environmental Design (LEED) rating system

developed by the U.S. Green

Building Council.

TEORI FOTOSINTESIS

Tanaman tebu Saccharum officinarum sangat efisien

menghasilkan sukrose yang berlebihan

jumlahnya. 

Proses ini menangkap energi radiasi matahari

dan mengubahnya menjadi senyawa organik,

glukose.

Proses ini disebut FOTOSINTESIS.

12caltonfoundations.wordpress.com/green-building/

The environmental impact of buildings

Buildings have a profound effect on the environment, which is why

green building practices are so important to reduce and perhaps one day eliminate those impacts.

In the United States alone, buildings account for:

39 % of total energy use 12 % of total water consumption

68 % of total electricity consumption

38 % of total carbon dioxide emissions

Green Building Design Elements

1. Foundations  2. Electrical  3. Plumbing  4. Flooring  5. Decking, Fencing & Railing  6. Roofing  7. Insulation  8. Wall 9. Coverings  10.Windows 11. Siding  12.Acoustics  13.Doors  14.Finishing

PRAKTEK BANGUNAN HIJAU

Green building brings together a vast array of practices and techniques to reduce and ultimately eliminate the impacts

of buildings on the environment. On the aesthetic side of green architecture or sustainable

design is the philosophy of designing a building that in harmony with the natural features and resources

surrounding the site.

There are several key steps in designing sustainable buildings: specify 'green' building materials from local

sources, reduce loads, optimize systems, and generate on-site renewable energy.

Building materials typically considered to be 'green' include rapidly renewable plant materials like bamboo

and straw, lumber from forests certified to be sustainably managed, stone, recycled metal, and other

products that are non-toxic, reusable, renewable, and/or recyclable.

Building materials should be extracted and manufactured locally to the building site to minimize

the energy embedded in their transportation.

greenbydesign.com/.../

Low-impact building materials are used wherever feasible: for example, insulation may be made from low VOC (volatile organic compound)-

emitting materials such as recycled denim, rather than the insulation materials that may contain

carcinogenic or toxic materials such as formaldehyde.

To discourage insect damage, these alternate insulation materials may be treated with boric

acid. Organic or milk-based paints may be used.

APA KONSTRUKSI HIJAU?

Sustainable or “green building” design and construction is the opportunity to use our resources more efficiently,

while creating healthier and more energy-efficient homes.

The success comes in the form of leaving a lighter footprint on the environment through conservation of resources, while at the same time balancing energy-

efficient, cost-effective, low-maintenance products for our construction needs.

APA KONSTRUKSI HIJAU?

Green building design involves finding the

delicate balance between homebuilding

and the sustainable environment.

Learn more about reducing global

warming.

FOTO: smno.kampus.ub. janu2013

Architectural salvage and reclaimed materials

are used when appropriate as well.

When older buildings are demolished,

frequently any good wood is reclaimed,

renewed, and sold as flooring.

Many other parts are reused as well, such as

doors, windows, mantels, and hardware,

thus reducing the consumption of new

goods.

When new materials are employed, green designers look for materials that are rapidly replenished, such as bamboo, which can be harvested for commercial use after only 6 years of growth, or cork oak, in

which only the outer bark is removed for use, thus

preserving the tree.

When possible, building materials may be gleaned

from the site itself; for example, if a new structure

is being constructed in a wooded area, wood from

the trees which were cut to make room for the building would be re-used as part of

the building itself.

www.travelpod.com/.../1254886332/tpod.html

To minimize the energy loads within and on the structure, it is critical to orient the building to

take advantage of cooling breezes and sunlight. Daylighting

with ample windows will eliminate the need to turn on electric lights during the day

(and provide great views outside too).

Passive Solar can warm a building in the winter - but care

needs to be taken to provide shade in the summer time to

prevent overheating. Prevailing breezes and convection currents can passively cool the building in

the summer.

riverstonehomesny.com/green_design.htm

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Passive Solar Design:

plays a crucial role in using the sun’s energy to help heat the home in the winter while

shading it from the sun during the summer months.

This is accomplished with two basic strategies: lot design

and extended roof overhangs. Lot design is utilized through proper orientation of southern facing windows to the sun. In addition, existing or planned vegitation can be utilized in

order to allow in or block sun and wind. Overhangs are

extended in order to maximize the sun's energy in the winter

and minimizing in the summer.

Geothermal Heating and Cooling: the earth beneath us

offers us a relatively stable temperature that we can use

as a heat sink or a heat source as needed.

Geothermal heat pumps capitalize on this fact and

greatly reduce the need for fossil fuels to heat and cool

our houses. This greatly reduces the home’s energy

use, resulting in dramatically reduced utility bills and lower

production of green house gases. As an alternative,

increasing the effectiveness of the insulation and air

barriers can reduce energy needs for heating and cooling to a point where a modulating

high-efficiency natural gas furnace could be used at a

significant savings.

Insulated Concrete Forms (ICF):

by using insulated concrete forms to build

the exterior walls of the home, we can use their inherent high R-value and very low air infiltration property to

greatly reduce the overall energy load needed to heat and cool our homes.

Heat Recovery Ventilator:

due to the superior air barrier qualities of the ICF and

cellulose insulation, our homes need to be vented and allowed

to breathe.Standard mechanical systems

vent conditioned air (i.e. heated indoor air in the winter, cooled indoor air in the summer) to the

outside and bring in unconditioned air which must

then be heated or cooled. Heat recovery ventilators allow us to bring in fresh outside air and pre-condition it with the air

that we are ventilating.

Thermal mass stores heat gained during the day and

releases it at night minimizing the swings in temperature.

Thermal mass can both heat the building in winter and cool

it during the summer. Insulation is the final step to

optimizing the structure. Well-insulated windows,

doors, and walls help reduce energy loss, thereby reducing

energy usage.

These design features don't cost much money to construct and significantly reduce the energy needed to make the

building comfortable.

www.postfarm.ca/PFS/green.php

The Dream Green Barn will feature:

Structural Insulated wall panels for minimum heat loss and

efficiency Reflection Insulation via pure

aluminum radiant barrier Energy efficient lighting with

high output fluorescent lighting Natural barn environment

ventilation featuring natural chimney vent and cathedral ceiling via a scissor truss

design Stall and wall planking featuring

a recycled plastic plank Horse mattress consisting of

recycled rubber

Optimizing the heating and cooling systems through

installing energy efficient machinery, commissioning, and heat recovery is the next step.

Compared to optimizing the passive heating and cooling features through design, the

gains made by engineering are relatively expensive and can add significantly to the projects cost.

However, thoughtful integrated design can reduce costs -- for example, once a building has

been designed to be more energy-efficient, it may be

possible to downsize heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment, leading to

substantial savings.

acminisplitblog.com/

To further address energy loss hot water heat recycling is used to

reduce energy usage for domestic water heating.

Ground source heat pumps are more energy efficient then other

forms of heating and cooling until you factor in the energy lost

during generation and transmission if the project is on

the grid.

Finally, onsite generation of renewable energy through solar

power, wind power, hydro power, or biomass can significantly

reduce the environmental impact of the building.

Power generation is the most expensive feature to add to a

building.www.treehugger.com/2008/07/27-week/

Good green architecture also reduces waste, of energy,

water and materials. During the construction phase, one goal should be to reduce the amount of

material going to landfills.

Well-designed buildings also help reduce the amount

of waste generated by the occupants as well, by

providing onsite solutions such as

compost bins to reduce matter going to landfills.

kodokloncatz.co.cc/anggitadwiyani/

Green building often emphasizes taking

advantage of renewable resources, e.g., using

sunlight through passive solar, active solar, and

photovoltaic techniques and using plants and trees

through green roofs, rain gardens, and for reduction

of rainwater run-off.

Many other techniques, such as using packed gravel for parking lots instead of

concrete or asphalt to enhance replenishment of ground water, are used as

well.

Green building worldwideStandards and ratings

Many countries have developed their own standards of energy efficiency for buildings.

Code for Sustainable Homes, United Kingdom EnerGuide for Houses, Canada (energy retrofits & up-grades)

EnerGuide for New Houses, Canada (new construction) Green Building Council of Australia's Green Star

Haute Qualité Environnementale, France House Energy Rating, Australia

Green Globes, USA, Canada and United Kingdom Minergie, Switzerland

National Association of Home Builders Green Building Guidelines, USA Passivhaus, Germany, Austria, United Kingdom

EEWH, Taiwan

AustraliaThere is a system in place in Australia called First Rate designed to increase

energy efficiency of residential buildings. The Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA) has developed a green building

standard known as Green Star..

In Adelaide, South Australia, there are at least two different projects that

incorporate the principles of Green building. The Eco-City development is

located in Adelaide's city centre and the Aldinga Arts Eco Village is located in

Aldinga. Guidelines for building developments in each project are outlined

in the bylaws. The bylaws include grey water reuse, reuse of stormwater, capture

of rainwater, use of solar panels for electricity and hotwater, solar passive

building design and community gardens and landscaping.

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CanadaCanada has implemented "r2000" guidelines for new buildings built

after the year 2000. Incentives are offered to builders to meet the r2000 standard in an effort to increase energy efficiency and

promote sustainability. In December 2002, Canada formed the Canada Green Building Council and in July 2003 obtained an

exclusive licence from the US Green Building Council to adapt the LEED rating system to Canadian circumstances.

Beamish-Munro Hall at Queen's University features sustainable construction methods such as high fly-ash concrete, triple-glazed

windows, dimmable fluorescent lights and a grid-tied photovoltaic array.

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Germany

German developments that employ green building techniques include:

The Solarsiedlung (Solar Village) in Freiburg, Germany, which features

energy-plus houses. The Vauban development, also in

Freiburg.

Houses designed by Baufritz, incorporating passive solar design, heavily insulated walls, triple-glaze

doors and windows, non-toxic paints and finishes, summer shading, heat recovery ventilation, and greywater

treatment systems.The new Reichstag building in Berlin, which produces its own

energy.

www.rsc.org/.../February/AgendaForInnovation.asp

INDIA: ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

IN INDIA

The Confederation of Indian Industry plays an active role in promoting

sustainability in the Indian construction sector.

There are many energy efficient buildings in India,

situated in a variety of climatic zones.

www.bajajecotec.com/?page=igbc_cert

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Malaysia

The Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM)

promotes green building techniques.

Malaysian architect Ken Yeang is a

prominent voice in the area of ecological

design.

United States

The United States Green Building Council (USGBC) has developed The

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green

Building Rating System™, which is the nationally accepted benchmark for the design, construction, and operation of

high performance green buildings. LEED gives building owners and

operators the tools they need to have an immediate and measurable impact on

their buildings’ performance. LEED promotes a whole-building

approach to sustainability by recognizing performance in five key areas of human and environmental

health: sustainable site development, water savings, energy efficiency, materials selection, and indoor

environmental quality. www.arlingtonva.us/.../page58309.aspx

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They have developed specific versions of the LEED rating system to assist specific building types in achieving certification. Some of the

commercially available systems are:

LEED-NC: New Construction and Major Renovations (the most commonly applied-for LEED certification)[6]

LEED-CI: Commercial Interiors LEED-CS: Core/Shell)

LEED-EB: Existing Buildings LEED-Homes

Other versions that will soon be released for public consumption are:LEED-ND: Neighborhood Developments

LEED for Schools LEED for Healthcare

LEED for Labs LEED for Retail

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A Framework for Energy Improvements

In the context of climate change, energy is the most

significant area of assessment within Green Globes-CIEB. A combined focus on energy use, building features and

management helps to pinpoint where performance is lacking and what corrective action is

required. The system uses the EPA’s Portfolio Manager to determine a consumption target in k/Btus for each building type, and, where

appropriate, buildings must meet a minimum performance target of 75 percent based on the comparable EPA Target

Finder building.

www.edcmag.com/Articles/Column/BNP_GUID_9-5-2...

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Green Globes-CIEB is being pilot-tested in the U.S. this year.

The goal is to demonstrate that it provides the combination of a

credible baseline and guidance that allows users to plan with accuracy

the interventions required to achieve measured reductions in energy

consumption for existing buildings.

In the first six weeks after the launch of the pilot, the GBI registered 111 users, and 34 buildings began the

assessment process. This supports our belief not only in the

urgent need for practical and cost-effective tools such as Green

Globes-CIEB, but in the ability of such tools to transform the market from one in which green building leads to valuable but imprecise

benefits, to one in which it defines the path for achieving specific and

measured environmental goals.

duckdown.blogspot.com/2008_06_01_archive.html

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The Green Building Initiative is a non-profit network of

building industry leaders committed to bringing green to mainstream

residential and commercial construction.

The GBI believes in building approaches that are

environmentally progressive, but also

practical and affordable for builders to implement.

The GBI has developed an easy to use, inexpensive

and web-based rating tool called Green Globes,

which is being upgraded in accordance with ANSI

procedures.www.klmgroup.com.au/ar_08/areas.htm

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The United States Environmental Protection Agency

's EnergyStar program rates commercial buildings for energy efficiency and

provides EnergyStar qualifications for new homes that meet their standards for energy

efficient building design.

ShoreBank, an American community development bank, has pioneered lending to

developers for Green Building projects and

energy audits of existing structures.

small-house-building.com/wisely-using-earths-...

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In 2005, Washington became the first state in the U.S. to enact green building legislation.

According to the law, all major public agency facilities with a floor area exceeding 5,000 square feet (465 m²), including state funded school buildings, are required to meet or exceed LEED standards

in construction or renovation.

The projected benefits from this law are:20% annual savings in energy costs

20% reduction in water costs 38% reduction in waste water production

22% reduction in construction waste

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In 2006, Charlottesville, VA became one of the first small

towns in the US to enact green building legislation.

This presents a significant shift in construction and architecture as LEED regulations have formerly

been focused on commercial construction.

If US homeowner interest grows in "green" residential

construction, the companies involved in the production and

manufacturing of LEED building materials will become likely

candidates for tomorrow's round of private equity and IPO

investing.

www.calumetconstruction.com/about_us.html

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Active solar BedZED - Zero-carbon

building in the UK Brise soleil

Cobb Hill Cohousing Deconstruction (building)

Domotics Earthship

Ecocity Ecological living

Ecopolis Environmental planning

Energy-plus-house Geo-exchange

Green architecture Green highway

Green technology

snapshot-ap.tumblr.com/

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International Initiative for a Sustainable Built Environment

(iiSBE) Low-energy house

Metal Roofing Alliance Natural building

Natural Capital Center Green redevelopment of a building

on the National Register Paragon Space Development Green building engineering

Passive house Passive solar Photovoltaics

Self-build Sustainability

Sustainable design Sustainable development

Sustainable habitatZero-energy building

Buildings are major energy consumers, accounting for 40 percent of all energy use in the United States.  Starting in the 1970s, concerns about spiking oil prices led the

federal government to research methods to improve the energy efficiency of buildings, spur the development of renewable energy sources and foster environmentally friendly

business practices.  The focus on green building wavered in the years that followed,

as oil prices slid.  But in recent times, concerns about climate change and rising energy costs have lent fresh momentum to

sustainable building practices among a growing number of designers, contractors,

real estate developers, environmental groups and public policymakers.  Buildings

are responsible for 38 percent of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the U.S., more

than the transportation or industrial sectors, according to the U.S. Green Building

Council.

www.dezeen.com/.../

Italian architects AKA architetti have

won a competition for

a low-energy wooden house.

blog.architectureaddiction.com/.../07/03/p229

Ramah lingkungan = hemat

Fakta akibat pemanasan global mendorong lahirnya berbagai inovasi

produk industri terus berkembang dalam dunia arsitektur dan bahan bangunan. Konsep pembangunan arsitektur hijau

menekankan peningkatan efisiensi dalam penggunaan air, energi, dan

material bangunan, mulai dari desain, pembangunan, hingga pemeliharaan

bangunan itu ke depan.

Desain rancang bangunan memerhatikan banyak bukaan untuk memaksimalkan sirkulasi udara dan

cahaya alami. Sedikit mungkin menggunakan penerangan lampu dan

pengondisi udara pada siang hari.

Desain bangunan hemat energi, membatasi lahan terbangun, layout sederhana, ruang mengalir, kualitas

bangunan bermutu, efisiensi bahan, dan material ramah lingkungan. Atap-atap

bangunan dikembangkan menjadi taman atap (roof garden, green roof) yang memiliki nilai ekologis tinggi (suhu

udara turun, pencemaran berkurang, ruang hijau bertambah).

The LEED program breaks Green into the following eight categories:

1. Innovation and Design Process

2. Location and Linkages3. Water Efficiency4. Sustainable Sites5. Energy and Atmosphere6. Materials and Resources7. Indoor Environmental

Quality8. Awareness and Education