V.Rocs – Rochas do Virei, Moçamedes Project Promoters · 2019. 6. 14. · Lithium Objective Lithium– A preliminary pesentation on the importance of lithium in the global market

Lithium: Powering our future

V.Rocs – Rochas do Virei, Moçamedes

Project Promoters

G.LITE - Lítio do Giraul(Moçamedes - Namibe - Angola)

LithiumPreliminary presentation on the importance of lithium in the global markets.

Lithium– A preliminary pesentation on the importance of lithium in the global market by G.LITE - Lítio do Giraul / 2019

G.LITE - Lítio do Giraul(Moçamedes - Namibe -

Angola)

LithiumObjective


To view the opportunity to invest in this strategic mineral commodity of great economic and

technological value.

To create mechanisms and select areas in Angolanterritory for prospecting and immediate exploration

of Lithium.


Angola)

LithiumRelated Minerals


Name Chemical formula Lithium % OccurrenceSpodumene LiAISi2O6 3.7 PegmatitesLepidolite K2(Li,Al)5-6{Si6-7Al2-1020}(OH,F)4 1.39 to 3.6 PegmatitesPetalite LiAISi4O10 1.6 to 2.27 PegmatitesAmblygonite LiAI[P04][F,OH] 3.4 to 4.7 PegmatitesEucryptite LiAISiO4 2.1 to 5.53 PegmatitesHectorite Na0.3(Mg,Li)3Si4010(OH)2 0.54 PegmatitesJadarite LiNaSiB307(OH) 7.3 Pegmatites

Main Minerals of Lithium in Mineral Deposits


Angola)


LithiumElement

characterization


Angola)


LithiumElement

characterization• Soft• Less dense than all metals• Does not occur free in nature• Reacts with water• Flammable• Toxic (except in very small doses)


Angola)


LithiumQuick Facts

Sources

Lithium salts (66%)• Continental• Geothermal• Oil-field

Pegmatites (26%)• Continental• Geothermal• Oil-field


Angola)


LithiumQuick Facts

SourcesSedimentary deposits containing lithium:

• Clay deposits• Evaporates of lacustrine origin


Angola)


LithiumQuick Facts

Sources

World Pegmatite Occurrences (LCT - Lithium, Cesium, Tantalum)


Angola)

LithiumQuick FactsAtomic data


Lithium• Atomic number is 3.• Period is 2• Block is s• At 20 Degrees Celsius lithium is Solid• Electron configuration is [He]2s1

• Melting points are 180.50°C 356.90°F 453.65 K

• Density (g cm−3) is 0.534• Relative atomic mass is 6.94


Angola)

LithiumQuick Facts

Historical data


LithiumThe first lithium mineral petalite, LiAlSi4O10,was discovered on the Swedish island of Utöby the Brazilian, José Bonifácio de Andrada eSilva in the 1790s.


Angola)

LithiumQuick Facts

Historical data


LithiumIn 1817, Johan August Arfwedson of Stockholmanalysed it and deduced it contained a previouslyunknown metal, which he called lithium.

In 1855 the German chemist Robert Bunsen and theBritish chemist Augustus Matthiessen obtainedLithium in bulk by the electrolysis of molten lithiumchloride.


Angola)

LithiumQuick Facts

Usages


Lithium UsagesNatural Occurence Chemical Products Industrial use

Lithium Minerals (Hard rock)Spodumene

(Greenbushes/Pilgangoora, Australia)

Petalite (Sepeda, Portugal)Lepidolite

Hectorite (Kings Valley, Nevada)Jadarite (Jadar, Serbia)

Lithium Salts (Brines)Salt-Lake Brines (Atacama Desert)

Geothermal/oilfield brines

Li mineral concentrate:

Technical Grade

Li-hydroxide

Li mineral concentrate:

Chemical Grade

Li-carbonate

Li-chloride

Li-metal

Butyllithium

Glass, Ceramics, Cookware

Lubricants / Batteries

Batteries / Ceramics / Polymers / Al-production /

Al-alloys

Air conditioning

Batteries / Pharmaceuticals / Chemicals / Al-alloys

Polymers / Pharmaceuticals


Angola)

LithiumQuick FactsUsage Data

2016


Lithium Usages


Angola)

LithiumQuick Facts

Usage Trends


Lithium usage trends

1. Miniaturization of electronic devices

2. Extended range of electronic devices

3. High power of electronic devices

1. Exponential growth in transport

Communication and mobility:


Angola)

LithiumQuick Facts

Usage Trends


Lithium usage trends

1. New pharmaceutical ingredient asset

2. New agricultural and resistance ingredients

3. Reduction of greenhouse gases

Security and Healthcare:


Angola)

LithiumQuick FactsWorldwide Top Lithium Producers


Lithium


Angola)

LithiumQuick FactsWorldwide Top Lithium Producers



Angola)

Worldwide Lithium Mining in 2016 - Production, Reserves and Resources (Tonnes)

Country Production Reserves ResourcesArgentina 5.700 2.000.000 9.000.000

Australia 14.300 1.600.000 2.000.000 +

Austria - - 100.000 +

Bolivia - - 9.000.000

Brazil 200 48.000 200.000

Canada 480 180.000 2.000.000

Chile 12.000 7.500.000 7.500.000 +

DR Congo - - 1.000.000

Mexico - - 200.000

China 2.000 3.200.000 7.000.000

Portugal 200 60.000 N/A

Russia - - 1.000.000

Serbia - - 1.000.000

USA - 38.000 6.900.000

Zimbabwe 900 23.000 100.000 +

Worldwide Total 32.500 14.000.000 46.900.000

LithiumQuick FactsWorldwide

Supply Status


LithiumThe overall global supply of lithium is concentrated inrelatively few places and is dominated by theAustralian production of pegmatites LCT (Greenbushes)and the deposits of Lithium salts in Argentina andChile.

Currently, the market is dominated by a small numberof companies that control about 50% of the offer:


Angola)


Supply Status


Lithium Market PlayersAlbemarle (ALB US), which ownsRockwood Lithium


Angola)

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://g.foolcdn.com/art/companylogos/square/alb.png&imgrefurl=https://www.fool.com/quote/nyse/albemarle/alb/&docid=nz6QffKacmCOuM&tbnid=FzHzaPN4e7ttmM:&vet=10ahUKEwi83OLOxdXhAhUIy4UKHfhhBroQMwhAKAEwAQ..i&w=420&h=420&bih=778&biw=1536&q=Albemarle&ved=0ahUKEwi83OLOxdXhAhUIy4UKHfhhBroQMwhAKAEwAQ&iact=mrc&uact=8


Supply Status


Lithium Market Players


Angola)



Supply Status



SQM (SQM US)


Angola)



Supply Status




Angola)



Supply Status




Angola)

FMC (FMC US)



Supply Status




Angola)



Supply Status


Lithium Market PlayersChengdu Tianqi


Angola)



Supply Status




Angola)



Supply Status


LithiumLithium sources are currently very restricted bycompany and country.


Angola)

It’s imperative to define new sources and presentalternatives with lower development risks, CAPEXand production in the line of time.

The demand for lithium will continue to grow at arapid pace due mostly to the rapid growth of electricvehicles.


Demand


Lithium Demand


Angola)


Demand


Lithium DemandThere is a need for a greater volume production anddiversification of lithium sources to enable the transitionof global energy.


Angola)


Demand


Lithium Demand


Angola)


Demand


Lithium Demand


Angola)


Demand


Lithium Demand


Angola)

LithiumANGOLA

NamibeProvince



Angola)

LithiumANGOLANamibe

G.LITEEstimated Resources



Angola)

G-LITE – Lítio do GiraulESTIMATED RESOURCES

40.000 TONES



Angola)

Sub-Saharan Pegmatites(LCT - Lithium, Cesium, Tantalum)

LithiumANGOLA

NamibeProvince



Angola)

Oportunities in Angola / Namibe(LCT - Lithium, Cesium, Tantalum)

LithiumOportunities in

Angola:

Namibe Province

Pegmatitic Province LCT (Lithium-cesium-tantalum)identified and virgin without no prospective historicalwork or in phase of execution blocked by the VMD forevaluation and validation of anomalous targets for focuson the pursuit of investors / partners to business andmake it economically viable.

Identified in terrestrial incursions bands of LCT-richPegmatites, Beryl, Tantalum, Niobium and Lithium.



Angola)



Angola:

Namibe Province

Similarity with the Namibian Pegmatitic provinces,with already active mines for Lithium and Tantalus,which increase the potential of the Province in theGiraul de Cima area.

Tracks Z2, Z3, and Z4 identified in Giraul withenormous potential to make mines viableeconomically in terms of Lithium and Tantalite.



Angola)



Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)



Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Pegmatites LCT/ Namibia and NamibeStriking similarities


Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Pegmatites LCT/ Namibia and NamibeStriking similarities


Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Giraul de Cima / Lithium ProjectStriking similarities


Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Giraul de Cima / Lithium ProjectStriking similarities


Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Giraul de Cima / Lithium Project LithiumOportunities in

Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Giraul de Cima / Lithium Project LithiumOportunities in

Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Giraul de Cima / Samples LithiumOportunities in

Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Giraul de Cima / Samples LithiumOportunities in

Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Lithium Minning Locations LithiumOportunities in

Angola:

Namibe Province



Angola)

Lithium Mining Coordinates LithiumOportunities in

Angola:

Namibe Province

Site Latitude (South) Longitude (East)

A 14◦ 58’0.00” 12◦ 16’0.00”B 14◦ 58’0.00” 12◦ 42’0.00”C 14◦ 18’0.00” 12◦ 42’0.00”D 14◦ 18’0.00” 12◦ 16’0.00”



Angola)

Lithium Mining Locations LithiumOportunities in

Angola:

Namibe Province

Location A Location B

Location CLocation D



Angola)

Lithium Mining Location - A LithiumMining

Location:

Namibe Province


Location C Location D

14◦ 58’0.00” 12◦ 16’0.00”



Angola)

Lithium Mining Location - B LithiumMining

Location:

Namibe Province



14◦ 58’0.00” 12◦ 16’0.00”14◦ 58’0.00” 12◦ 42’0.00”



Angola)

Lithium Mining Location - C LithiumMining

Location:

Namibe Province



14◦ 58’0.00” 12◦ 42’0.00”14◦ 18’0.00” 12◦ 42’0.00”



Angola)

Lithium Mining Location - D LithiumMining

Location:

Namibe Province

14◦ 18’0.00” 12◦ 42’0.00”14◦ 18’0.00” 12◦ 16’0.00”

LithiumMarkets, Economic and Statistical Data.



Angola)


Lithium Reserves by Country


Angola)


1.Chile

Lithium reserves: 7,500,000 MTChile was second-biggest producer of lithium last year at 14,100 MT, but it has the most lithium reserves in the world by a large amount.

2. China

Lithium reserves: 3,200,000 MTChina holds lithium reserves of 3,200,000 MT, but last year it produced just 3,000 MT of the metal. That is a 30-percent increase in production from 2016, but currently the Asian nation still imports most of the lithium it needs from Australia.

3. Argentina

Lithium reserves: 2,00,000 MTArgentina is the third-largest lithium producer in the world, and last year it put out 5,500 MT of the metal, a small decrease from 5,800 MT in 2016. It also ranks third in lithium reserves in the world, at 2,000,000 MT.


Lithium Reserves by Country


Angola)


4. Australia

Lithium reserves: 2,700,000 MTInterestingly, while Australia was the largest lithium-producing country in the world in 2017, it is fourth in terms of reserves.

Other lithium reserves by countryWhile Chile, China, Argentina and Australia are home to the world’s highest lithium reserves, other countries also hold significant amounts of the metal. Here’s a quick look at the other countries:

•Portugal — 60,000 MT•Brazil — 48,000 MT•United States — 35,000 MT•Zimbabwe — 23,000 MT

Overall, total worldwide lithium reserves stand 16,000,000 MT


Lithium Market Price


Angola)



Lithium price (metric ton)


Angola)


2018 $16,500.00 $16,500.00 45%

2017 $9,100.00 $9,318.40 18%

2016 $7,475.00 $7,830.45 13%

2015 $6,500.00 $6,965.70 22%

2014 $5,050.00 $5,417.22 13%

2013 $4,390.00 $4,784.58 4%

2012 $4,220.00 $4,668.29 8%

2011 $3,870.00 $4,371.01 -12%

2010 $4,350.00 $5,070.37 -4%

2009 $4,530.00 $5,364.66 2%

2008 $4,440.00 $5,237.05 20%

2007 $3,530.00 $4,321.91 34%

2006 $2,320.00 $2,919.99 37%

2005 $1,460.00 $1,896.39 -18%

2004 $1,720.00 $2,310.06 10%

Year Price Price(Inf. adj) Change


Lithium demand (metric ton)


Angola)



Lithium industrial demand


Angola)



Forecast of spodumene concentrate price (USD per Metric Ton)


Angola)


Lithium: Powering our future

V.Rocs – Rochas do Virei, Moçamedes

Project Promoters

G.LITE - Lítio do Giraul(Moçamedes - Namibe - Angola)

Documents

V.Rocs – Rochas do Virei, Moçamedes Project Promoters · 2019. 6. 14. · Lithium Objective Lithium– A preliminary pesentation on the importance of lithium in the global market