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The Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages
Paleolithic Age• Paleolithic means “old
stone” – used simple stone tools
• Earliest humans were nomadic– Moved from place to place to
survive.• Followed animal herds and
warmer weather.– First lived in caves– Later began to create shelters
from wood and animal hides.• Hunted and gathered for
food. – Learned what animals to hunt
and what plants to eat.• How?
• Created art– Mostly depictions of animals
• Humans developed use of fire by about 500,000 BC– Benefits?
• Provides warmth• Keeps larger animals away.• Cooks food
– Tasted better– Easier to chew– Lasted longer
• Better nutrition + better quality of life = more people!
• Use of fire was especially important during the last Ice Age– 100,000 to 8000 BC
Use of Fire
Beginnings of Civilization• End of last Ice Age
was followed by the Neolithic Revolution– 8000-4000BC– “The shift from
hunting animals and gathering food to keeping animals and growing food.”
• Systematic Agriculture– Growing of food on a
regular basis.• Domestication
– Adapting animals for human use.
Effects of Neolithic Revolution
• Because there is enough food, humans could give up their nomadic ways of life.– Begin to live in
settled communities.• Gives people
more control over their lives.
– More time?
Effects of the Neolithic Revolution• Development of food
surpluses meant not everyone needed to farm.– Division of labor
• Different jobs for different people.
• People do the job they are the best at.
– Development of trade• Construction of
storehouses and walls– Protect food surplus
• Development of armies?
• Society improves quickly…
A quickly changing world…
Neolithic Age
Bronze Age
Iron Age
8000 – 4000 BC
3000 – 1200 BC
After 1000 BC