TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, BerlinTill Spranger Activities of ICP M&M 2004 - 2006 and Results of the 21 st TF meeting Till Spranger

TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, Berlin Till Spranger

Activities of ICP M&M2004 - 2006

and

Results of the 21st TF meeting

Till Spranger


• back-to-back with CCE WS: 25 - 29 April 2005, Berlin

• 45 participants from 24 NFCs + (Secretariat), WGE, EMEP Centres and ICPs.

• ... had the following main subjects: ... had the following main subjects: cooperation with EMEP (land cover, base cooperation with EMEP (land cover, base

cation deposition, HM deposition)cation deposition, HM deposition) call for data results (HM)call for data results (HM) Call for data results (N&S: critical loads and Call for data results (N&S: critical loads and

dynamic modelling results)dynamic modelling results) NitrogenNitrogen

The 2005 Task Force meeting...


• Much higher CL(N, S) exceedances than 1998 dataset• mostly due to land cover specific MSC-West Unified Model

• Harmonized Land Cover• Will (hopefully) be available late summer 2005:• CORINE LC where available; SEI elsewhere; hierarchical

links to national LC databases by NFCs• Ecosystem classification: EUNIS

• Base cation deposition• Important for CL(acid); backup for NFC data• New data available (MSC-West UM)• To be further tested and amended

• Historical S, N (and not BC) deposition• Important for dynamic modelling

• Heavy metal deposition• Critical load exceedance report with EMEP MSC-East

Cooperation with EMEP


Heavy Metals: Call for data resultsSee WGE document /10 Add.1; CCE / MSC-East Report

• CLs for various effects on ecosystems and on human health

• 17 NFCs submitted CL data (16 for Cd, Pb; 9 for Hg), mostly for effects in or via terrestrial ecosystems

Further work on timescales of recovery / damage


• 14 NFCs submitted revised CL data (overall data from 25 NFCs)

• 14 (13) NFCs submitted additional input data for dynamic modelling and target loads

• Rest of Europe filled in by background database

• ensures that information on sensitive ecosystems is representative on a European scale

• „CL and TL data robust for policy application“ (i.e. IAM)

-> can / should be used as basis for Gothenburg Protocol revision and CAFE

Sulfur and Nitrogen: Call for data results

See WGE document 2005/10 and CCE Status Report


• Exceedances have been reduced, but remain widespread especially for eutrophication:

– Area exceeded for acidification in 1980 / 2010• in total Europe: 49% / 7%

• in EU25: 49% / 13%

– Area exceeded for eutrophication in 1980 / 2010• in total Europe: 38% / 29%

• In EU25: 81% / 66%

– Maxima mostly in areas dominated by NH3 emissions

Sulfur and Nitrogen: CL exceedancesSee CCE Status Report


• CLs of nutrient nitrogen remain strongly exceeded even after GP implementation

• Strong links to biological processes, climate change

• Aim: (dynamic) modelling of biodiversity and other N deposition related effects on a European scale in an IAM framework

• Further work necessary on, a.o.:• Choice of effects indicators (e.g. C/N,... ), dose/effect

relations, and critical limits

• Assessment of interactions between air pollution and climate change (e.g. long-term C and N sequestration, long-term N2O,

CH4 etc. emissions)

• National approaches (NL, D, SE, DK, ...)

• Cooperation with other ICPs, JEG and external networks

Nitrogen


But nitrogen is more than LRTAP: The nitrogen cascade


60

568

5

190

32 67

1087

32 42

2 5

2050 production scaled to:-> Population increase relative to 1995-> N. American per capita Nr production

after Galloway and Cowling, 2002

and it´s getting worse:Nr production in 1995 and 2050 Tg

N/y


An integrated approach to Nitrogen pollution

FCCC

CLRTAPNEC Dir.

AQ Directive

Directiveson emissioncontrol

Manure

Combustion

Soil NO3 N2O

Effects on ecosystems o.a. decrease in

biodiversity

Effects on materials and cultural heritage

Climate change

Effects on human and animal health

NH3

NH4NO3

HNO3

NOx

Fertilizerindustry

CO2, CH4,SF6, HFK, PFK, ..

SO2, (NH4)2SO4

N2

Aquatic NO3

Nitrate DirectiveWater Directive

CBD ?


Nitrogen and M&M:Links to external developments

• NitroEurope etc. (primary research)• COST Action 729 (research synthesis,

source-receptor links)• ESF Project (multiple N forms&

impacts; management)• International Nitrogen Initiative

• CBD Indicators (SEBI 2010):N Deposition


UNEP / SCOPE / IGBPInternational

Nitrogen Initiative (INI)

COST ActionAtmosphere-Biosphere& multiple N strategies

IGBP - iLEAPS

NitroEurope IPESF Project

European NitrogenManagement

Research SynthesisModel harmonization &source-receptor links

Primary ResearchMeasurement & modelling

at multiple scales

Projects

Core Role

MainDeliverables

Methods, datasets, process understanding, models, maps, trends

verification, uncertainty

InternationalUsers

Refined parameterization, integrated assessmentand analysis of Kyoto-Gothenburg synergies

EMEP/WMO Task Force on

Measurement & Modelling

ENC and Analysisof links between multiple

N forms and impacts

Synthesis of synergies& recommendations

for Integrated Nitrogen Management

Input to underpin Convention negotiations

FCCC, CLRTAP & others

Ongoing Activities ETNA Cluster

UNFCCC: IPCC and Monitoring Mechanism

European Commission and National Parties

Other EU research projects

National research activities

CarboEurope IP

UNEP / SCOPE / IGBPInternational

Nitrogen Initiative (INI)

COST ActionAtmosphere-Biosphere& multiple N strategies

IGBP - iLEAPS

NitroEurope IPESF Project

European NitrogenManagement

Research SynthesisModel harmonization &source-receptor links

Primary ResearchMeasurement & modelling

at multiple scales

Projects

Core Role

MainDeliverables

Methods, datasets, process understanding, models, maps, trends

verification, uncertainty

InternationalUsers

Refined parameterization, integrated assessmentand analysis of Kyoto-Gothenburg synergies

EMEP/WMO Task Force on

Measurement & Modelling

ENC and Analysisof links between multiple

N forms and impacts

Synthesis of synergies& recommendations

for Integrated Nitrogen Management

Input to underpin Convention negotiations

FCCC, CLRTAP & others

Ongoing Activities ETNA Cluster

UNFCCC: IPCC and Monitoring Mechanism

European Commission and National Parties

Other EU research projects

National research activities

CarboEurope IP

European Transboundary Nitrogen

Activity

CBDEEA/ECNCSEBI 2010


COST 729 Challenges

• Much knowledge on causal chain and interaction with other cycles

• Development and extension of IAM necessary• Source - receptor modelling, including

atmosphere biosphere interactions and climatic influences

• Non-linearities and coupling with other cycles – Nr affects climate (N2O, aerosols)– Climate change affects SRM through meteo and

chemistry– Feedback mechanisms


Conclusions on Nitrogen

• CLRTAP effects-based emission abatement policy has been successful for S but not as much for N; it needs to be extended / linked to biodiversity and climate change policies and targets

• Multi-media and multi-effect research and policy development needed to– reduce uncertainties– link and optimize management and

abatement strategies


Summary: M&M Future• Classic tasks:

• Input to Multipollutant and HM Protocol review / possible revision

• Input to EU CAFE process• New focus:

• Nitrogen deposition – biodiversity – climate change

• Aim: Modelling of biodiversity and other effects of nitrogen in an IAM framework

• Instruments: • dynamic modelling with feedbacks, using

effects indicators such as C/N, BS; • help with extension of IAMs?

• Cooperation with CLRTAP internal and external organisations


ICP M&M Website www.icpmapping.org



NitroEurope Challenges

• What are the quantitative components of nitrogen budgets for European ecosystems and how do these respond to the drivers of global change?

• How much does nitrogen control carbon exchange and net greenhouse gas budgets for European terrestrial ecosystems?

• How could a European N emissions strategy contribute to EU objectives in reducing greenhouse gas emissions?


ESF Proposal: Nitrogen in Europe:

Assessment of current problems and future solutions

• Assessment of alteration of (European) N cycle• Scientific Network Programme (5 years):

– Provide overviews of literature, current studies, databases and models relevant for the N cascade

– Grants for exchange visits– Workshops– Summer schools– Conferences– Databases, models– Webpage, dissemination


• Review of the EU NEC Directive

• CAFÉ / Thematic Strategy

• CBA & LCA• Don´t use CLs in full CBA

• Use in MCA is OK

• Impact factors for LCA

• Data rules

(Other) uses of critical loads data


International Nitrogen Initiative

• Synthesis of international nitrogen science activities for improved nitrogen management

Overall goal: “optimize nitrogen’s beneficial role in sustainable food production and minimize nitrogen’s negative effects on

human health and the environment resulting from food and energy production”

• European Nitrogen Centre (ENC): Jan Willem Erisman (ECN)

http://www.initrogen.org

feeding into…

Documents

TFIAM, 25 - 27 May 2005, BerlinTill Spranger Activities of ICP M&M 2004 - 2006 and Results of the 21 st TF meeting Till Spranger