Powerpoint chapter 1 lyman

Class Name,Instructor Name

Date, Semester

CHAPTER 1

FOUNDATIONS OF CRIMINAL

INVESTIGATION

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CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

Identify how research affects criminal investigation.

Discuss the objectives of criminal investigation.

Distinguish the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning.

Explain the expanding role of the patrol officer as criminal investigator.

Explain the history of criminal investigations.



CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

1.6

1.7 Describe the preliminary investigation process.

Discuss the solvability factors in a criminal investigation.



Explain the history of criminal investigation.

Learning ObjectivesAfter this lecture, you should be able to complete the following Learning Outcomes

1.1

© 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved5

1.1

Scotland Yard

Bow Street

Runners

The Watch of London

U.S. Law Enforcement: English Heritage

London Metropolitan

Police


1.1

The Pinkerton National

Detective Agency


Current Practice

Forensic ScienceFBI

1.1

2011194819241837

Boston P.D.

Criminal Investigation in America


1.1

Fingerprint Technology



Identify how research affects criminal investigation.


1.2


Examination of Individual’s

DNA to Answer Questions

Relating to a Crime or Even

Paternity

Combination of Archaeological

Techniques and Forensic

Science

Application of Physical

Anthropology in a Legal Setting. Usually Involves

Recovery and Identification

of Skeletal Remains

AKA—Computer Forensics. Used to

Recover Data From

Electronic and Digital Media

Examination of Biological Evidence,

Trace Evidence,

Impression Evidence, Ballistics, Firearms,

and Tool Marks

ForensicDNA

1.2

Forensic Archaeolog

y

Forensic Anthropolo

gy

Digital Forensics

Criminalistics

Computational

Forensics

Development of Algorithms and Software

to Assist Forensic

Examination

Modern Fields of Forensic Science


Principles of Medicine and Pathology Are

Applied to Determine

Cause of Death

Study of the Teeth

Site Specific Analysis of

Past Weather Conditions

Communication Designed to

Elicit Information

and Evidence

Examination of Trace Evidence in the Form of Soils, Minerals, and Petroleum

ForensicPathology

1.2

ForensicOdontology

Forensic Meteorolog

y

ForensicInterviewin

g

Forensic Geology

ForensicEntomolog

y

Examination of Insects in, on, and Around

Human Remains to

Assist in Determination

of Time or Location of

Death



Forensics Applied to

Crimes Involving Animals

Comparative Examination of

Documents, Including

Handwriting

Study of the Effects of Drugs and

Poisons on or in the Human

Body

1.2

Veterinary

Forensics

ForensicDocumen

tExaminatio

n

ForensicToxicolog

y

Forensic Psycholo

gy

Study of the Mind of an Individual

Using Forensic Methods. Study of Criminal Behavior




1.2

The RANDCorporation

Study

The PERFStudy



Discuss the objectives of criminal investigations.


1.3


Arrests Prosecution QualificationPersonnelPerformance

1.3

Public—Victim

Satisfaction

Field Operations

Gathering Information

Personal Traits

Qualities Involved in Investigative Performance



Distinguish the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning.


1.4


Inductive Reasoning

Deductive Reasoning

17

1.4

Critical Thinking

© 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved18 © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved

Modes

Proactive

ReactivePreventive

1.4

Modes of Investigation

© 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved19 © 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved

Crime Victim

Local Police Detective

SANE Nurse Crime Lab Analyst

1.4

Example of Multiple Agencies Involved in the Investigation of a Sexual Assault



Explain the expanding role of the patrol officer as criminal investigator.


1.5


1

1.5

Police Specialist



1.5

Personal Backgroun

d

SuspectedViolations

ofCriminal

Law

Infractions of Civil Law

Vice (drug and Organized

crime)


3

1.5

Crime Scene Investigators


StreetKnowledge Teamwork Persistence Reliability

Intuition Stability Judgment

Investigative Traits Most Commonly Desired

1.5

Motivation


Dedication Integrity

Investigative Traits Most Commonly Desired

1.5

Intelligence


6

1.5

Processing Crime Scenes

Processing Evidence

Conducting Interviews

Expanding the Role of Patrol Officers


7

1.5

Evaluate and Protect the Crime Scene



Discuss the solvability factors in a criminal investigation.


1.6


1.6

2. Name(s)

of the Suspect(s)

3. Information about the Suspect’s Location

4. Information about the Suspect’s

Description

Solvability Factors

1. Immediate

Availability of Witnesses


1.6

6. Information about the

Suspect’s Vehicle and Vehicle Movement

7. Information

about Traceable Property

8. Information

about Significant Physical Evidence

Solvability Factors

5. Information about the Suspect’s

Identification


1.6

10 . Discoveryof Useful Physical Evidence

11. Judgment by the

Patrol Officer that there is sufficient information available to conclude that the

suspect committed the crime

12. Judgment by the Patrol Officer on Case Disposition

Solvability Factors

9. Information

about significant MO



Describe the preliminary investigation process.


1.7


3

1.7

Respond to the Crime

Scene

Aid Victim and/or Handle

Emergencies

Evaluate and Protect the Crime

Scene

Gather and Document

Information and

Evidence

The Preliminary Investigation


4

1.7

Responding to the Crime Scene


5

1.7

Aid Victim and/or Handle Emergencies


6

1.7

Gather and Document Information and Evidence



CHAPTER SUMMARY

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

Investigations can be proactive, reactive, or preventative.

Objectives of criminal investigations are detecting crime, locating and identifying suspects, and documenting and

preserving evidence.

The criminal investigator draws conclusionsthrough a process of reasoning.

The traditionally limited responsibility of thepatrol officer has expanded.

Our current system of criminal investigation is a product of our English heritage and occurrences

and events taking place here in the United States



CHAPTER SUMMARY

1.6

1.7The preliminary investigation process includes

securing the scene, arresting perpetrators, providing first aid to the injured, and identifying

witnesses.

Solvability factors are identification leads that have proven to be valuable and are most likely to result in case

solution.